ABSTRACT Some native species of the Cerrado have great ecological and economic potential. An alternative that aims to contribute to the good performance of post-planting plants is the incorporation of biochar into the soil. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of filter cake biochar as a soil conditioner and its influence on the growth and physiology of macaúba, araçá and cajuzinho do cerrado. The experiments were set up at Fazenda Hamilton de Abreu Navarro, Federal University of Minas Gerais, where the effect of four doses of filter cake biochar (1%, 2%, 4% and 8% v/v) and two treatments were evaluated. control: one with soil correction (7.5 g of GEOX) and mineral fertilization (380 g NPK 4:14:8 per plant) and the other without fertilization. To monitor the performance of the seedlings, evaluations were carried out at 30, 60 and 120 days after transplanting, the physiological parameters (photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance, CO2 consumed, internal carbon and electron transport rate), and morphological parameters (height and diameter), at 30, 60, 90 and 120 days after transplanting. At 120 days, the production of shoot, root and total dry biomass was evaluated. For macaúba, the application of biochar, at a dose of 2%, favored its photosynthesis. As for araçá, at 30 days after transplanting, the treatment without fertilization was better for most variables, however the treatments with biochar also had satisfactory results. The cajuzinho from the cerrado also responded positively to the application of biochar at all doses. The physiological and morphological variables responded well to treatments without fertilization and with application of biochar to the soil. Therefore, filter cake biochar can be indicated in the planting of the studied species, as well as the non-application of corrective and mineral fertilizer. potential postplanting post macaúba Navarro Gerais 1%, 1 (1% 2 2% 4 8 v/v vv v evaluated control 7.5 75 7 5 (7. GEOX 380 (38 4148 14 4:14: plant seedlings 6 12 transplanting photosynthesis, photosynthesis (photosynthesis transpiration conductance CO consumed rate, rate , rate) height diameter, diameter diameter) 9 shoot 3 results Therefore nonapplication non fertilizer 1% (1 7. (7 38 (3 414 4:14 ( 41 4:1 4:

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do biochar de torta de filtro como condicionador de solo e sua influência no crescimento e na fisiologia de macaúba, araçá e cajuzinho do cerrado. Os experimentos foram montados na Fazenda Hamilton de Abreu Navarro da UFMG, onde foram avaliados o efeito de quatro doses de biochar de torta de filtro (1%, 2%, 4% e 8% v/v) e dois tratamentos controle: um com correção do solo e adubação mineral, e o outro sem adubação. Para acompanhar o desempenho das mudas, foram realizadas avaliações aos 30, 60 e 120 dias após o transplantio, dos parâmetros fisiológicos (fotossíntese, transpiração, condutância estomática, CO2 consumido, carbono interno e taxa de transporte de elétrons), e morfológicos (altura e diâmetro), aos 30, 60, 90 e 120 dias após o transplantio. Aos 120 dias, avaliou-se a produção de biomassa seca da parte aérea, de raízes e total. Para a macaúba, a aplicação de biochar, na dose de 2%, favoreceu a sua fotossíntese. Já para o araçá, aos 30 dias após o transplantio, o tratamento sem adubação foi melhor para a maioria das variáveis, entretanto os tratamentos com biochar também tiveram resultados satisfatórios. O cajuzinho do cerrado também respondeu positivamente à aplicação de biochar em todas as doses. As variáveis fisiológicas e morfológicas responderam bem aos tratamentos sem adubação e com aplicação de biochar ao solo. Portanto, o biochar de torta de filtro pode ser indicado no plantio das espécies estudadas, assim como a não aplicação de corretivo e fertilizante mineral. macaúba UFMG 1%, 1 (1% 2 2% 4 8 v/v vv v controle mineral mudas 6 12 transplantio fotossíntese, fotossíntese (fotossíntese transpiração estomática CO consumido elétrons, elétrons , elétrons) altura diâmetro, diâmetro diâmetro) 9 avaliouse avaliou se aérea total 3 satisfatórios Portanto estudadas 1% (1 (

Resumen Antecedentes: Los peces de la familia Holocentridae son conocidos como peces ardilla y peces soldados, son de hábitos nocturnos, y la subfamilia Myripristinae cuenta con tres especies de profundidad. Los registros son esporádicos en el norte del Golfo de México. Objetivo: Documentar nuevos registros de dos especies de peces ardilla en el Golfo de México. Métodos: Durante el período de noviembre de 2021 a mayo de 2022 se capturaron cuatro ejemplares de peces ardilla en profundidades de 80 a 200 m en el sur de Veracruz, mismos que fueron identificados y depositados en una colección científica. Resultados: Se describe la merística y morfometría de los ejemplares que sustentan los nuevos registros de Corniger spinosus (n=1, 129.3 mm de longitud patrón [LP]) y Ostichthys trachypoma (n=3, 120.4-197 mm de LP) en el suroeste del Golfo de México. La primera especie fue reconocida por las espinas fuertes en el preopérculo e infraorbital, mientras que la segunda por la ausencia de espinas en el infraobital y la presencia de bandas rojas longitudinales. Conclusiones: Los registros de C. spinosus y O. trachypoma muestran una ampliación de distribución en 992.4 km al sur y 1,284 km al suroeste del Golfo de México, respectivamente, representando ambas especies los primeros registros en aguas mexicanas.

Abstract Background: The fishes of family holocentridae are known as squirrelfishes and soldierfishes, they are nocturnal, and the subfamily Myripristinae has three species deep. The records are sporadic in the northern of the Gulf of Mexico. Goals: To document the new records of two species of squirrelfishes in the Gulf of Mexico. Methods: During the period from November 2021 to May 2022, four specimens of deep-sea squirrelfishes were captured in depths of 80 to 200 m in southern Veracruz, which were identified and deposited in a scientific collection. Results: The morphometric and meristic of the specimens that support the new records of Corniger spinosus (n=1, 129.3 mm standard length [SL]) and Ostichthys trachypoma (n=3, 120.4-197 mm SL) in the southwestern Gulf of Mexico. The first species was recognized by presenting strong spines in the preoperculum and infraorbital, while the second by the absence of spines in the infraorbital and the presence of longitudinal red bands. Conclusions: The records of C. spinosus and O. trachypoma they have a distribution extension in 992.4 km to the south and 1,284 km to the southwest of the Gulf of Mexico, respectively, representing both species the first record in Mexican waters.

The antioxidant power of eugenol and vitamin C was examined by analyzing the ability of these ligands to bind to the NADPH oxidase protein target and evaluating their bond interactions with critical residues. The results confirm that docked ligands are more stable in the specified active region of 2CDU during a MD simulation of 100 ns and 2CDU protein-ligand interactions with docked ligands showed significant hydrogen bond, hydrophobic, and water bridge formation. Eugenol exhibits hydrogen bond interactions with critical residues in the selective pocket in comparison to vitamin C. Also, eugenol had a similar binding orientation and very considerable stability in the selective pocket of 2CDU with a high binding energy with lipophilic energy. The electrostatic potential maps indicate that for eugenol, the –OH and –OCH3 sites, while that the –OH and –CO functional groups in vitamin C are responsible of the antioxidant activities of these compounds. HAT and SET mechanisms suggest that eugenol may become a better antioxidant than vitamin C. CDU 10 proteinligand ligand hydrophobic formation Also OH OCH3 OCH –OCH sites CO compounds 1

Os principais objetivos deste trabalho, foram: avaliar o processo de fermentação do esterco sólido de suínos, fazer a caracterização física, química e microbiológica dos adubos orgânicos produzidos e identificar o tempo ideal de fermentação. Esterco sólido de suínos, proveniente da separação mecânica, foi arranjado em pilhas de 2,0 m³, sem cobertura e com cobertura com lona plástica e as pilhas foram revolvidas quinzenalmente e umedecidas sempre que necessário, com monitoramento diário da temperatura. Pela análise das características temperatura, relação C:N e pH, verificou-se que o tempo de fermentação de 65 dias foi suficiente para maturação do esterco com características químicas e físicas adequadas. Houve aumento na concentração de nutrientes, exceto do zinco, durante a fermentação, o que melhorou a qualidade do esterco de suínos. O período de 84 dias de fermentação foi suficiente para reduzir a população de coliformes, da ordem de 99,90%, comparada com população inicial. Não foi constatada a presença de Salmonella sp e Listeria monocytogenes em nenhuma das amostras do esterco de suínos em fermentação.

This research had the objectives of evaluating the fermentation process of solid pig manure, performing the physical, chemical and microbiological characterization of organic fertilizers produced and identifying the ideal time of fermentation. Solid pig manure, derived from mechanical separation, was arranged in heaps of 2.0 m³ with, and without, plastic covering. The heaps were turned every fifteen days and watered whenever necessary, with daily control of temperature. By the analysis of the characteristics of temperature, C:N ratio and pH, it was verified that the time of fermentation of 65 days was sufficient for maturation of the pig manure with appropriate chemical and physical characteristics. There was an increase in the concentration of nutrients, except for zinc, during the fermentation, which improved the quality of the pig manure. The period of 84 days of fermentation was sufficient to reduce the population of coliforms by 99.90% compared to the initial population. The presence of Salmonella sp and Listeria monocytogenes was not verified in any of the fermentation samples of pig manure.

O predador Doru luteipes (Scudder) é um dos principais reguladores da população de Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) e Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) na cultura de milho (Zea mays). O objetivo do trabalho foi estudar a seletividade de cinco inseticidas químicos (deltametrina, lambdacialotrina, permetrina, diflubenzuron e triflumuron) e dois microbianos [Baculovirus e Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner)] sobre as diferentes fases de desenvolvimento do predador. Ovos e ninfas dos quatro ínstares receberam os inseticidas diretamente através de um pulverizador acoplado a uma esteira rolante. Adultos do predador receberam como alimento posturas de S. frugiperda, que foram pulverizadas com os diferentes inseticidas. Para os ovos, houve um efeito letal pronunciado com os inibidores de crescimento diflubenzuron (81,8% de mortalidade) e triflumuron (78,6%), sendo este também tóxico para os ínstares ninfais (69,6%). Os inseticidas biológicos Baculovirus e B. thuringiensis foram seletivos a todas as fases do predador. A sobrevivência do predador aos inseticidas foi crescente com o instar do inseto (S = 39,5 + 7,79 I, R2² = 0,87). Os adultos foram tolerantes a todos os inseticidas (95,3% de sobrevivência).

The earwig Doru luteipes (Scudder) is one the best natural enemies of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) and Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) both pests of maize (Zea mays). The objective of this work was to evaluate the selectivity of five chemical (deltamethrin, lambdacyhalothrin, permethrin, diflubenzuron and triflumuron) and two microbial [Baculovirus and Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner)] insecticides to the different developmental stages of the predator. Eggs and the four nymphal stages were sprayed using a sprayer connected to a rolling mat. Adults were fed egg masses of S.frugiperda sprayed with insecticides. Eggs of the predator were highly affected by the growth inhibitors diflubenzuron (81.8% mortality) and triflumuron (78.6%), the latter also toxic to the nymphal stages (69.6%). The bioinsecticides Baculovirus and B. thuringiensis were selective to all stages of the predator. The survivorship increased with the increase of the insect's age (S = 39,5 + 7,79 I, R2² = 0,87). Adults were tolerant to all treatments (95.3% survivorship).