Abstract The present article objective is to determine the net mass balance of the glacier Znosko for periods 2018-2019 and 2019-2020. It is situated on King George Island which belongs to the groups Shetland of the South, Antarctic Peninsula region. For this objective, during February 2018 a net of 19 stakes (which were controlled once during February 2019 and 2020) were installed on the glacier ablation zone, drilling in the accumulation zone and about flights using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) to control the glacier zone and geomorphological changes. For the year 2020, it was determined a glacier area of 1.71 ± 0.02 km2, moreover, using five different methods of interpolation, it was obtained on average, as a result, a specific net balance of -590.7 ± 46.6 mm w.e (in water equivalent) for 2018-2019 and -686.7 ± 28.2 mm w.e for 2019-2020, being the ELA altitude 146.5 ± 18.2 m and 144.2 ± 8.3 m respectively. The two consecutive years represent negative net mass balances which are in accordance with other similar studies on this region, also glacier data were obtained on a zone that is characterized by its difficult access. 20182019 2018-201 20192020. 20192020 2020. 2020 2019-2020 South region 201 1 UAV (UAV changes 171 71 1.7 002 0 02 0.0 km2 km moreover interpolation average result 590.7 5907 590 7 -590. 466 46 6 46. we w e equivalent 686.7 6867 686 -686. 282 28 2 28. 20192020, 1465 146 5 146. 182 18 18. 1442 144 144. 83 8 3 8. respectively access 2018201 2018-20 2019202 202 2019-202 20 17 1. 00 0. 590. 59 -590 4 686. 68 -686 14 201820 2018-2 201920 2019-20 -59 -68 20182 2018- 20192 2019-2 -5 -6 2019- -

Resumen El artículo analiza el problema de los sujetos del derecho fundamental a la estabilidad laboral reforzada en la jurisprudencia de la Corte Constitucional. Este problema refiere a la titularidad del derecho y a su destinatario. En cuanto a la titularidad del derecho, el análisis propone el criterio del empleador hipotético como sustituto del criterio del trabajador vulnerable. Y en relación con el destinatario, se plantea la regla de la responsabilidad como sustituta de la regla de la no responsabilidad.

Résumé L'article analyse le problème des sujets du droit fondamental à la stabilité professionnelle renforcée dans la jurisprudence de la Cour Constitutionnelle. Ce problème concerne la titularité du droit et son destinataire. Concernant la titularité du droit, l'analyse propose le critère de l'employeur hypothétique comme substitut du critère du travailleur vulnérable. Quant au destinataire, la règle de la responsabilité est proposée en remplacement de la règle de non-responsabilité.

Abstract: This paper analyses the problem of the subjects of the fundamental right to reinforced labor stability in the case-law of the Corte Constitucional. This problem relates to the ownership of the right and its recipient. As for the right's ownership, it proposes the hypothetical employer criteria as a substitute for the vulnerable worker criteria. And in relation to the recipient, it considers the rule of responsibility as a substitute for the rule of non-responsibility.

Resumo Esse artigo analisa o problema dos sujeitos do direito fundamental à estabilidade laboral reforçada na jurisprudência do Tribunal Constitucional. Esse problema se refere à titularidade do direito e seu destinatário. No tocante à titularidade do direito, a análise propõe o critério do empregador hipotético como substituto do critério do trabalhador vulnerável. No que diz respeito ao destinatário, estabelece-se a regra de responsabilidade como substituta da regra da não responsabilidade.

Las crisis gelásticas son una forma rara de epilepsia no convulsiva, más frecuente en población adulta joven y casi exclusiva de hamartomas hipotalámicos; sin embargo, hay otras localizaciones no hipotalámicas poco descritas en las cuales se presentan estas crisis, como el lóbulo temporal. El caso que presentamos muestra una manifestación atípica: un paciente de edad avanzada consultó por cambios en el comportamiento y risas inmotivadas; durante la hospitalización, se estableció la presencia de crisis gelásticas, las cuales fueron atribuidas a zona de gliosis temporal izquierda por antecedente de hematoma epidural en esta localización. Se concluye que este tipo de crisis epiléptica en población de la tercera edad es el resultado de etiologías distintas al hamartoma hipotalámico.

Gelastic seizures are a rare form of non-convulsive seizures, more common in young adults and almost exclusively of endocrine disorders and hypothalamic hamartomas, there another other places for this seizures as the temporal lobe. The case shows an atypical manifestation, an elderly patient who consults for changes in behavior and unmotivated laughter; during hospitalization, showed the presence of gelastic seizures, which were attributed to the left temporal area of gliosis by previous epidural hematoma at this location, we present clinical history, neuroimaging and EEG. In the conclusion on elderly, this type of seizure occurs by different etiologies and no only by hypothalamic hamartoma.

INTRODUÇÃO: A criação das Unidades de Pronto Atendimento (UPAs) veio atender a uma necessidade urgente do governo brasileiro em melhorar o atendimento à população carente. Rapidamente as UPAs se tornaram centros de referência para tratamento da dor torácica nessa população, em decorrência da agilidade do atendimento, da disponibilidade de medicamentos de última geração e da existência de pessoal treinado. Este estudo visa a descrever o perfil e a evolução hospitalar de pacientes com síndrome coronária aguda atendidos nessas unidades e posteriormente encaminhados a um hospital terciário, onde foram tratados por angioplastia com implante de stent. MÉTODO: No período de julho a dezembro de 2009, 300 pacientes foram encaminhados das UPAs para o Hospital Santa Helena (Cabo Frio, RJ). Desses pacientes, 164 (202 lesões) foram submetidos a implante de stent e divididos em dois grupos: grupo I, formado por 86 pacientes com síndrome coronária aguda com supradesnível do segmento ST; e grupo II, formado por 78 pacientes com síndrome coronária aguda sem supradesnível do segmento ST. Os dois grupos foram comparados em relação a suas características clínicas e angiográficas e a eventos cardíacos adversos maiores hospitalares. RESULTADOS: As características clínicas e angiográficas foram similares nos dois grupos, com exceção do tabagismo. Foi obtido sucesso angiográfico em 99% dos procedimentos. O tempo médio de internação (UPA + hospital) foi de seis dias. Houve 6 eventos cardíacos adversos maiores hospitalares, 5 dos quais no grupo I e 1 no grupo II (5,8% vs. 1,3%; P = 0,60). CONCLUSÃO: O tratamento percutâneo tardio dos pacientes com síndrome coronária aguda atendidos nas UPAs é um procedimento seguro e eficaz, cursando com altas taxas de sucesso e baixos índices de complicações hospitalares.

BACKGROUND: Emergency Care Units (ECUs) were created to meet an urgent need of the Brazilian government to improve health care to low-income population. ECUs quickly became reference centers to treat chest pain in this population, due to their ability to provide prompt medical care, availability of last generation drugs and well trained staff. This study is aimed at describing the profile and inhospital follow-up of patients with acute coronary syndromes seen in these units and later referred to a tertiary hospital, where they were treated by percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation. METHOD: Three hundred patients were referred from ECUs to Santa Helena Hospital (Cabo Frio, RJ) from July to December, 2009. One hundred and sixty four patients (202 lesions) were treated by percutaneous intervention with stent and were divided in two groups: group I included 86 patients with acute coronary syndromes with ST segment elevation and group II included 78 patients with acute coronary syndromes without ST segment elevation. Clinical and angiographic characteristics and in-hospital major adverse cardiac events were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Clinical and angiographic characteristics were similar in both groups except for smoking. Angiographic success was obtained in 99% of the procedures. Mean hospitalization time (ECU + tertiary hospital) was 6 days. There were 6 in-hospital major adverse cardiac events, 5 in group I and 1 in group II (5.8% vs. 1.3%; P = 0.60). CONCLUSION: Late percutaneous revascularization of patients with acute coronary syndromes seen at ECUs is a safe and effective procedure, with high success and low complication rates.