Pesquisa | SciELO

Abstract Objective: To assess factors associated with emotional changes and Hyperactivity/Inattention (HI) motivated by COVID-19 quarantine in adolescents with immunocompromising diseases. Methods: A cross-sectional study included 343 adolescents with immunocompromising diseases and 108 healthy adolescents. Online questionnaires were answered including socio-demographic data and self-rated healthcare routine during COVID-19 quarantine and validated surveys: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL4.0). Results: The frequencies of abnormal emotional SDQ scores from adolescents with chronic diseases were similar to those of healthy subjects (110/343 [32%] vs. 38/108 [35%], p = 0.548), as well as abnormal hyperactivity/inattention SDQ scores (79/343 [23%] vs. 29/108 [27%], p = 0.417). Logistic regression analysis of independent variables associated with abnormal emotional scores from adolescents with chronic diseases showed: female sex (Odds Ratio [OR = 3.76]; 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) 2.00–7.05; p < 0.001), poor sleep quality (OR = 2.05; 95% CI 1.08–3.88; p = 0.028) and intrafamilial violence during pandemic (OR = 2.17; 95% CI 1.12–4.19; p = 0.021) as independently associated with abnormal emotional scores, whereas total PedsQL score was inversely associated with abnormal emotional scores (OR = 0.95; 95% CI 0.93–0.96; p < 0.0001). Logistic regression analysis associated with abnormal HI scores from patients evidenced that total PedsQL score (OR = 0.97; 95% CI 0.95–0.99; p = 0.010], changes in medical appointments during the pandemic (OR = 0.39; 95% CI 0.19–0.79; p = 0.021), and reliable COVID-19 information (OR = 0.35; 95% CI 0.16–0.77; p = 0.026) remained inversely associated with abnormal HI scores. Conclusion: The present study showed emotional and HI disturbances in adolescents with chronic immunosuppressive diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic. It reinforces the need to promptly implement a longitudinal program to protect the mental health of adolescents with and without chronic illnesses during future pandemics.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100167

Cannabinoid receptor gene polymorphisms and cognitive performance in patients with schizophrenia and controls
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Ferretjans, Rodrigo

; de Souza, Renan P.

; Panizzutti, Bruna

; Ferrari, Pâmela

; Mantovani, Lucas

; de Campos-Carli, Salvina M.

; Santos, Rafael R.

; Guimarães, Fernanda C.

; Teixeira, Antonio L.

; Gama, Clarissa S.

; Salgado, João V.

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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Fev 2022, Volume 44 Nº 1 Páginas 26 - 34

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Objective: To test the hypothesis that genetic variations of cannabinoid receptors contribute to the pathophysiology of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. Methods: In this genetic association case-control study, cannabinoid receptor polymorphisms CNR1 rs12720071 and CNR2 rs2229579 were tested for association with neurocognitive performance in 69 patients with schizophrenia and 45 healthy controls. Neurocognition was assessed by the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS). Results: We found a consistent association between CNR1 rs12720071 polymorphism and the cognitive performance of patients in several cognitive domains. Patients with C/C polymorphism presented significantly worse performance in motor speed, verbal fluency, attention/processing speed and reasoning/problem solving. Conclusion: Although limited, our data support the hypothesis that CNR1 variations may be associated with the pathogenesis of cognitive deficits of schizophrenia.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1650

Penicillium gercinae and Penicillium stangiae (Eurotiomycetes, Ascomycota), two new species from soil in Brazil
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Alves, Amanda Lucia

; Santos, Ana Carla da Silva

; Barbosa, Renan do Nascimento

; Souza-Motta, Cristina Maria de

; Melo, Roger Fagner Ribeiro

; Tiago, Patricia Vieira

Acta Botanica Brasilica

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2022, Volume 36 elocation e2022abb0006

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Two new Penicillium species are reported from soil of an agroforestry system and an Atlantic Rainforest fragment in Pernambuco, Northeast Brazil. Using a polyphasic approach, combining partial β-tubulin (BenA), calmodulin (CaM), internal transcribed spacer (ITS), and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2) gene sequences and morphological characters, Penicillium gercinae sp. nov. (section Ramigena, series Georgiensia), and Penicillium stangiae sp. nov. (section Lanata-Divaricata, series Dalearum) are described. Descriptions based on morphological features are provided. Penicillium gercinae is phylogenetically closely related to P. georgiense; however, P. gercinae does not grow on Czapek yeast extract (CYA) and has monoverticillate and biverticillate conidiophores. Penicillium stangiae is phylogenetically closely related to P. penarojense and P. vanderhammenii. As diagnostic features, P. stangiae had slower growth on CYA (28-30 mm in 7 days) and on DG18 (6-7 mm in 7 days) and lacked the production of acid on creatine agar. This research contributes to the expansion of knowledge on the taxonomy and diversity of Penicillium species in Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-33062022abb0006

Host status of weeds for Pratylenchus coffeae
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Araújo, Alverlan S.

; Assunção, Mayara C.

; Moura Filho, Gilson

; Souza, Renan C.

; Muniz, Maria de Fatima S.

Advances in Weed Science

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2022, Volume 40 elocation e020220006

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background Populations of yam dry rot nematodes Scutellonema bradys, Pratylenchus coffeae and P. brachyurus can be sustained on weed hosts. Objective Evaluate the reaction of 10 weeds frequently found in Alagoas to P. coffeae under greenhouse conditions. Methods Two experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design, with 11 treatments, constituted of 10 weed species and the control (Dioscorea cayenensis) with eight replications. Plants were inoculated with 2,000 nematode specimens, nematode populations were evaluated in roots and soil 60 days after inoculation and the reproduction factor (RF) defined as RF = final population/initial population was calculated. Results Euphorbia hyssopifolia showed RF=0 and was considered as non-host, whereas Chenopodium album, Amaranthus sp., Panicum maximum, Eleusine indica, Senna occidentalis, Emilia coccinea and Richardia brasiliensis, showed RF<1, being rated as poor hosts. Ricinus communis and Macroptilium lathyroides showed RF>1 only in the second trial and were classified as good hosts. Conclusion Ricinus communis and M. lathyroides are potential sources of nematode inoculum for dry rot disease development.

https://doi.org/10.51694/advweedsci/2022;40:00015

Vício no Insta: propriedades psicométricas da escala Bergen de adição ao Instagram
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Monteiro, Renan P.

; Monteiro, Tatiana Medeiros Costa

; Cassaro, Andressa Cristina de Barros

; Lima, Marcela Eduarda Bezerra de

; Souza, Nathalya Karolline Vasconcelos de

; Ribeiro, Thatielly Miranda Santos

; Arantes, Thallys Pereira

Avances en Psicología Latinoamericana

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Dez 2020, Volume 38 Nº 3 Páginas 136 - 147

Resumo: Es En Pt | Texto: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Resumen El presente artículo tuvo como objetivo adaptar, para el contexto brasileño, la Escala Bergen de Adicción a Instagram (EBAI), reuniendo evidencias de validez (factorial, convergente y concurrente) y precisión, además de inspeccionar los parámetros individuales de sus ítems (dificultad y discriminación). Participaron 217 usuarios de esa red social (Medad = 22.04; DPedad = 6.63; 73.7 %> mujeres). Los resultados apuntaron para la unidimensionalidad de la medida, que tuvo sus ítems con discriminación alta y muy alta, de fácil y moderado endoso y que cubrió amplio rango del rasgo latente. Adicionalmente, el vicio en Instagram se asoció positivamente a malestar psicológico (e.g., depresión, estrés y ansiedad), además del puntaje total de la EBAI haber predicho el uso de esa red social (e.g., tiempo gastado y frecuencia de publicaciones). En general, los resultados demostraron que la EBAI es una medida corta y eficiente para la cuantificación del vicio en Instagram, que permite conocer los antecedentes y consecuencias del uso problemático de esa red social.

Abstract The present paper aimed to adapt to the Brazilian context the Bergen Instagram Addiction Scale (BIAS), gathering evidence of its validity -factorial, convergent, and concurrent- and reliability, and to verify the parameters of the individual items -difficult and discrimination-. Participants were 217 Instagram users (Mage = 22.04; SDage= 6.63; 73.7 women). The results indicated the unidimensionality of the measure, such that the items presented high and very high discrimination, demanding low or moderate level of the latent trait to be endorsed and covered a wide range of theta. Furthermore, Instagram addiction was positively related to psychological distress (e.g., depression, stress, and anxiety). Additionally, the total score of BIAS predicted the use of this social media platform (e.g., time spent on Instagram and the frequency of posts). In general, the results demonstrated that BIAS is a short and efficient measure to operationalize Instagram addiction, enabling studies that aim to explore its antecedents and consequences.

Resumo O presente artigo objetivou adaptar para o contexto brasileiro a Escala Bergen de Adição ao Instagram (EBAI), reunindo evidências de validade (fatorial, convergente e concorrente) e precisão, além de inspecionar os parâmetros individuais de seus itens (dificuldade e discriminação). Participaram 217 usuários dessa rede social (Midade = 22,04; DPidade = 6,63; 73,7 % mulheres). Os resultados apontaram para a unidimensionalidade da medida, que teve seus itens com discriminação alta e muito alta, de fácil e moderado endosso e que co-briu ampla faixa do traço latente. Ademais, o vício no Instagram se associou positivamente a mal-estar psicológico (e.g., depressão, estresse e ansiedade), além do escore total da EBAI ter predito o uso dessa rede social (e.g., tempo gasto e frequência de postagens). No geral, os resultados demonstraram que a EBAI é uma medida curta e eficiente para a quantificação do vício no Instagram, possibilitando conhecer os antecedentes e as consequências do uso excessivo dessa rede social.

https://doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/apl/a.8132 615 downloads

Brazilian tropical dry forest (Caatinga) in the spotlight: an overview of species of Aspergillus, Penicillium and Talaromyces (Eurotiales) and the description of P. vascosobrinhous sp. nov.
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Barbosa, Renan do Nascimento

; Bezerra, Jadson Diogo Pereira

; Santos, Ana Carla da Silva

; Melo, Roger Fagner Ribeiro

; Houbraken, Jos

; Oliveira, Neiva Tinti

; Souza-Motta, Cristina Maria de

Acta Botanica Brasilica

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Jun 2020, Volume 34 Nº 2 Páginas 409 - 429

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT A literature-based checklist of species of Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Talaromyces recorded in the Brazilian tropical dry forest (Caatinga), the largest tropical dry forest region in South America, is provided. A total of 130 species (60 Aspergillus, 57 Penicillium, and 13 Talaromyces) are reported. Soil was the most common substrate, with 122 species records. Various reported species are well known in biotechnological processes. This checklist reflects the limited knowledge of fungal species in tropical dry environments. These data provide a good starting point for biogeographical studies on species of Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Talaromyces in dry environments worldwide. In addition, the new species Penicillium vascosobrinhous is introduced, an endophytic fungus isolated from cactus of the Caatinga forest in Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-33062019abb0411 1579 downloads

Productive, metabolic and anatomical parameters of menthol mint are influenced by light intensity
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SOUZA, MARCO ANDRE A. DE

; BRAGA, RENAN P.

; SANTOS, ANDRÉ M. DOS

; ROCHA, JOECILDO F.

; CASTRO, ROSANE N.

; FERNANDES, MANLIO S.

; SOUZA, SONIA R. DE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2020, Volume 92 elocation e20180321

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The cultivation of aromatic species to obtain essential oils has great economic importance, presenting an increasing demand from different industrial sectors, especially to menthol mint (Mentha arvensis L.) essential oil, rich in menthol (70-80%). Consortium cultivation has been an important practice in agricultural systems whose land use is necessary, consequently promoting strong competition for light in reduced space. Thus, this study aimed verifying if different light intensities might promote chemical, metabolical and anatomical alterations in menthol mint. Plants were grown in greenhouse at different average of light intensities (137, 254, 406 and 543 µmol photons m2 s1). Samples were collected 43 days after germination and submitted to following analyses: Gravimetric test, photosynthetic pigments, soluble fractions, enzymatic activity, N-total, trichome density and histochemistry and chemometric test based on essential oil chemical profile. Fresh mass gain, trichome density, essential oil content and soluble sugars were positively influenced by light intensity increase. On the other hand, total-N, NO3−-N and pigments content have decreased influenced by light intensity increase. In the secretion from the trichomes, phenolic substances were reported, as well as lipophilic ones in the peltate ones. The increase of oxygenated monoterpenes was favored by light intensity decrease.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202020180321 1250 downloads

Essa eu vou postar: Explorando as relações entre narcisismo, uso do Instagram e a moderação da autoestima
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Monteiro, Renan P.

; Monteiro, Tatiana Medeiros Costa

; Maciel, Vitória Crancio

; Masotti, Fábio Nasser de A.

; Freitas, Igor Matheus de Souza

; Candido, Juarid

Psicología, Conocimiento y Sociedad

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2020, Volume 10 Nº 2 Páginas 38 - 50

Resumo: Es En Pt | Texto: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Resumen: El narcisismo involucra características como el exhibicionismo, grandiosidad y necesidad constante de ser admirado. Dichas características apuntan el papel fundamental que este rasgo de personalidad puede tener para explicar el uso del Instagram. Esta red social parece ser un escenario propicio para que los narcisistas puedan autopromoverse y mantener su autoconcepto grandioso y irrealístico, buscando feedback positivo por medio de curtidas, visualizaciones y comentarios. En esta dirección, este estudio tiene por objetivo analizar el rol predictor del narcisismo con relación al uso del Instagram, evaluando el rol moderador de la autoestima. 207 personas usuarias de Instagram participaron del estudio, teniendo en cuenta que narcisistas pasan más tiempo en Instagram, publican más fotos y stories, atribuyendo mucha importancia a recibir feedbacks. Además, se observó que la importancia atribuida a recibir feedbacks fue más elevada entre los narcisistas con baja autoestima, siendo que recibir curtidas y visualizaciones pueden ser una forma de compensación para los bajos niveles en esta variable. Por lo tanto, se observa que el uso del Instagram puede ser explicado por medio del narcisismo, pudiendo haber interacciones con la autoestima, dando importantes claves para entender el uso problemático de esta red social.

Abstract: Narcissism involves characteristics such as exhibitionism, grandiosity and a constant need to be admired. Such characteristics highlight the role that this personality trait may have in the use of Instagram. This social network seems to be a propitious setting for narcissists to self-promote and maintain their grandiose and unrealistic self-concept by seeking positive feedback through number of likes, views, and comments. Thus, the present study aims to analyze the predictive role of narcissism in Instagram use, testing the moderating role of self-esteem. Participants were 207 users of this social network, whereby it was identified that narcissists tend to spend more time on Instagram, post more pictures and stories, giving much importance to receiving feedback (likes and views). Moreover, it was verified that the importance attributed to receiving such feedback was stronger among the narcissists with low self-esteem, such that gathering likes and views can be a way of compensating for low self-esteem. Therefore, it was observed that the use of Instagram can be explained by narcissism, and there may be interactions with self-esteem, which gives important insights to the understanding of the problematic use of this social network.

Resumo: O narcisismo envolve características como exibicionismo, grandiosidade e necessidade constante de ser admirado. Tais características apontam o papel fundamental que este traço de personalidade pode ter para explicar o uso do Instagram. Esta rede social parece ser um cenário propício para que os narcisistas possam se autopromover e manterem seu autoconceito grandioso e irrealístico, buscando feedback positivo por meio de curtidas, visualizações e comentários. Nesta direção, o presente estudo objetiva analisar o papel preditor do narcisismo em relação ao uso do Instagram, testando o papel moderador da autoestima. Participaram 207 usuários desta rede social, sendo identificado que narcisistas tendem a passar mais tempo no Instagram, postam mais fotos e stories, atribuindo muita importância a receber feedback (curtidas e visualizações). Ademais, verificou-se que a importância atribuída a receber feedbacks foi mais forte entre os narcisistas que possuem baixa autoestima, sendo que receber curtidas e visualizações pode ser uma forma de compensação para os baixos níveis nesta variável. Portanto, observa-se que o uso do Instagram pode ser explicado por meio do narcisismo, podendo haver interações com a autoestima, dando importantes insights para se entender o uso problemático desta rede social.

https://doi.org/10.26864/pcs.v10.n2.3 2518 downloads

Pollen morphology and viability in Bromeliaceae
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SOUZA, EVERTON H.

; SOUZA, FERNANDA V.D.

; ROSSI, MÔNICA L.

; PACKER, RENAN M.

; CRUZ-BARROS, MARIA AMELIA V.

; MARTINELLI, ADRIANA P.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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Dez 2017, Volume 89 Nº 4 Páginas 3067 - 3082

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Pollen morphology characterization is important in taxonomy, conservation and plant breeding, and pollen viability studies can support breeding programs. This study investigated pollen morphology and male fertility in 18 species of Bromeliaceae with ornamental potential. For morphological characterization, pollen grains were acetolyzed and characterization of exine was done using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Pollen viability was investigated by in vitro germination and histochemical tests. Species belonging to Aechmea and Ananas genera presented medium size pollen, except for Ae. fasciata, with large pollen. Al. nahoumii, P. sagenarius and the Vriesea species analyzed showed large pollen, except for V. carinata, with very large pollen. Pollen of Aechmea, Ananas and P. sagenarius presented bilateral symmetry, diporate, exine varying from tectate to semitectate. Al. nahoumii and Vriesea species presented pollen with bilateral symmetry, monocolpate; exine was semitectate, reticulate and heterobrochate. Germination percentage and tube growth were greater in SM and BKM media. Histochemical tests showed pollen viability above 70% for all species, except for Ananas sp. (40%). Pollen morphology is important for the identification of species, especially in this family, which contains a large number of species. High rates of viability favor fertilization and seed production, essential for efficient hybrid production and conservation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201720170450 2450 downloads

10.

Recommendations for the treatment of migraine attacks - a Brazilian consensus
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Bordini, Carlos Alberto

; Roesler, Célia

; Carvalho, Deusvenir de Souza

; Macedo, Djacir Dantas P.

; Piovesan, Élcio

; Melhado, Eliana Meire

; Dach, Fabiola

; Kowacs, Fernando

; Silva Júnior, Hilton Mariano da

; Souza, Jano Alves de

; Maciel Jr, Jayme Antunes

; Carvalho, João José de Freitas de

; Speciali, José Geraldo

; Barea, Liselotte Menke

; Queiroz, Luiz Paulo

; Ciciarelli, Marcelo Cedrinho

; Valença, Marcelo Moraes

; Lima, Márcia Maria Ferreira

; Vincent, Maurice Borges

; Jurno, Mauro Eduardo

; Monzillo, Paulo Helio

; Moreira Filho, Pedro Ferreira

; Domingues, Renan

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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Mar 2016, Volume 74 Nº 3 Páginas 262 - 271

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Neste artigo um grupo de especialistas no tratamento de cefaleia da Sociedade Brasileira de Cefaleia através de um consenso elaborou medidas estratérgicas para tratar uma crise de migrânea tanto na criança como no adulto. Uma enfase particular foi dada no tratamento da migranea na mulher, incluindo gravidez, lactação e período perimenstrual.

ABSTRACT In this article, a group of experts in headache management of the Brazilian Headache Society developed through a consensus strategic measurements to treat a migraine attack in both the child and the adult. Particular emphasis was laid on the treatment of migraine in women, including at pregnancy, lactation and perimenstrual period.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282X2015021 10965 downloads

11.

Effects of primaquine and chloroquine on oxidative stress parameters in rats
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GIOVANELLA, FRANCIANNE

; FERREIRA, GABRIELA K.

; PRÁ, SAMIRA D.T. DE

; CARVALHO-SILVA, MILENA

; GOMES, LARA M.

; SCAINI, GISELLI

; GONÇALVES, RENATA C.

; MICHELS, MONIQUE

; GALANT, LETÍCIA S.

; LONGARETTI, LUIZA M.

; DAJORI, ANA LUIZA

; ANDRADE, VANESSA M.

; DAL-PIZZOL, FELIPE

; STRECK, EMILIO L.

; SOUZA, RENAN P. DE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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Ago 2015, Volume 87 Nº 2 Páginas 1487 - 1496

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A primaquina e cloroquina são utilizadas para o tratamento da malária; evidências da literatura sugerem que estes fármacos podem induzir o estresse oxidativo. Neste estudo investigou-se os efeitos da primaquina e cloroquina sobre danos oxidativo e ao DNA no cérebro, fígado e rim de ratos após 7, 14 e 21 dias de administração. Nossos resultados demonstraram que a primaquina causou dano ao DNA no cérebro após 7, 14 e 21 dias, e no fígado após 7 e 14 dias. Além disso, a primaquina aumentou os níveis de TBARS no rim e a carbonilação de proteínas no cérebro após 14 dias, e diminuiu a carbonilação de proteínas no fígado após 7 dias. Enquanto que a cloroquina causou dano ao DNA no rim após 7 e 14 dias, e no fígado e cérebro após 14 e 21 dias, aumentou os níveis de TBARS após 7 dias no rim, e reduziu os níveis de TBARS no cérebro após 21 dias. Além disso, diminuiu a carbonilação de proteínas no fígado após 7 e 14 dias, e no cérebro após 7 e 21 dias. Entretanto, o tratamento com cloroquina durante 14 dias aumentou a carbonilação de proteínas no cérebro e rim. Em conclusão, estes resultados mostraram que o tratamento prolongado com antimaláricos pode afetar adversamente o DNA.

Primaquine and chloroquine are used for the treatment of malaria; evidence from the literature suggests that these drugs may induce oxidative stress. In this study we investigated the effects of primaquine and chloroquine on oxidative damage and DNA damage in brain, liver and kidney of rats after 7, 14 and 21 days of administration. Our results demonstrated that primaquine causes DNA damage in brain after 7, 14 and 21 days, and in liver after 7 and 14 days. Moreover, primaquine increases TBARS levels in the kidney and protein carbonyls in the brain after 14 days, and decreases protein carbonyls in the liver after 7 days. Whereas chloroquine causes DNA damage in the kidney after 7 and 14 days, and in the liver after 14 and 21 days, increases TBARS levels in the kidney after 7 days, and decreases TBARS levels in the brain after 21 days. Moreover, decreases protein carbonyls in the liver after 7 and 14 days, and in the brain after 7 and 21 days. However, chloroquine treatment for 14 days increases protein carbonyls in the brain and kidney. In conclusion, these results showed that prolonged treatment with antimalarial may adversely affect the DNA.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201520140637 3759 downloads

12.

Endophytic fungi from medicinal plant Bauhinia forficata: Diversity and biotechnological potential
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Bezerra, Jadson D.P.

; Nascimento, Carlos C.F.

; Barbosa, Renan do N.

; Silva, Dianny C.V. da

; Svedese, Virgínia M.

; Silva-Nogueira, Eliane B.

; Gomes, Bruno S.

; Paiva, Laura M.

; Souza-Motta, Cristina M.

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

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Mar 2015, Volume 46 Nº 1 Páginas 49 - 57

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Bauhinia forficata is native to South America and used with relative success in the folk medicine in Brazil. The diversity, antibacterial activity, and extracellular hydrolytic enzymes of endophytic fungi associated with this plant were studied. Plant samples, which included leaves, sepals, stems, and seeds, were used. Ninety-five endophytic fungal were isolated (18 from leaves, 22 from sepals, 46 from stems, and nine from seeds), comprising 28 species. The most frequently isolated species were Acremonium curvulum (9.5%), Aspergillus ochraceus (7.37%), Gibberella fujikuroi (10.53%), Myrothecium verrucaria (10.53%) and Trichoderma piluliferum(7.37%). Diversity and species richness were higher in stem tissues, and Sorensen’s index of similarity between the tissues was low. Eleven fungi showed antibacterial activity. Aspergillus ochraceus, Gibberella baccata, Penicillium commune, and P. glabrum were those with the greatest antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and/or Streptococcus pyogenes. Thirteen species showed proteolytic activity, particularly Phoma putaminum. Fourteen species were cellulase positive, particularly the Penicillium species and Myrmecridium schulzeri. All isolates tested were xylanase positive and 10 showed lipolytic activity, especially Penicillium glabrum. It is clear that the endophytic fungi from B. forficata have potential for the production of bioactive compounds and may be a source of new therapeutic agents for the effective treatment of diseases in humans, other animals, and plants. To our knowledge, this is the first study of endophytic fungi from different tissues of B. forficata and their biotechnological potential.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-838246120130657 5346 downloads

13.

Role of the NO/K ATP pathway in the protective effect of a sulfated-polysaccharide fraction from the algae Hypnea musciformis against ethanol-induced gastric damage in mice
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Damasceno, Samara R. B.

; Rodrigues, Jocélia C.

; Silva, Renan O.

; Nicolau, Lucas A. D.

; Chaves, Luciano S.

; Freitas, Ana L. P.

; Souza, Marcellus H. L. P.

; Barbosa, André L. R.

; Medeiros, Jand-Venes R.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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Abr 2013, Volume 23 Nº 2 Páginas 320 - 328

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Seaweeds are the most abundant source of polysaccharides such as alginates and agar, as well as carrageenans. This study aimed to investigate the gastroprotective activity and the mechanism underlying this activity of a sulfated-polysaccharide fraction extracted from the algae Hypnea musciformis (Wulfen) J.V. Lamour. (Gigartinales-Rhodophyta). Mice were treated with sulfated-polysaccharide fraction (3, 10, 30, and 90 mg/kg, p.o.) and, after 30 min, they were administered 50% ethanol (0.5 mL/25 g, p.o.). After 1 h, gastric damage was measured using a planimeter. In addition, samples of the stomach tissue were obtained for histopathological examination and for assays to determine the glutathione and malondialdehyde levels. Other groups of mice were pretreated with N G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 10 mg/kg, i.p.), aminoguanidine (100 mg/kg, i.p.), or glibenclamide (10 mg/kg, i.p.). After 30 min to the aminoguanidine group and 1 h to the other groups, sulfated-polysaccharide fraction (30 mg/kg, p.o.) was administered and gastric damage was induced as described above. Sulfated-polysaccharide fraction prevented ethanol-induced gastric injury in a dose-dependent manner. However, treatment with L-NAME or glibenclamide reversed this gastroprotective effect. Administration of aminoguanidine did not influence the effect of sulfated-polysaccharide fraction. Our results suggest that sulfated-polysaccharide fraction exerts a protective effect against ethanol-induced gastric damage via activation of the NO/K ATP pathway.

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14.

Evaluation of light/dark cycle in anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors after regular treatment with methylphenidate hydrochloride in rats of different ages
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Gomes, Karin M.

; Souza, Renan P.

; Inácio, Cecília G.

; Valvassori, Samira S.

; Réus, Gislaine Z.

; Martins, Márcio R.

; Comim, Clarissa M.

; Quevedo, João

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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Mar 2011, Volume 33 Nº 1 Páginas 55 - 58

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVO: Hidrocloridrato de metilfenidato é a medicação preferida para o tratamento e manutenção do transtorno de atenção e hiperatividade. No entanto, os efeitos do tratamento crônico com hidrocloridrato de metilfenidato em diferentes idades e ciclos sobre o comportamento relacionado à ansiedade e à depressão ainda não está claro. Neste contexto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos do tratamento com hidrocloridrato de metilfenidato sobre o comportamento relacionado à ansiedade e à depressão em diferentes idades e no ciclo claro e escuro. MÉTODO: Foram utilizados ratos Wistar machos jovens e adultos que receberam uma vez ao dia (ciclo claro e escuro) hidrocloridrato de metilfenidato (2mg/kg) ou salina com injeção intraperitoneal, durante 28 dias. Após duas horas da última injeção, os animais foram submetidos ao testes de labirinto em cruz elevada e natação forçada. RESULTADOS: A fase do ciclo claro e escuro foi um fator significativo para o comportamento relacionado à ansiedade. Além disso, não houve interação significativa entre os ciclos claro e escuro, idade e metilfenidato no comportamento relacionado à ansiedade e à depressão, mas foi observada uma interação significativa entre ciclo claro e escuro e idade no teste de natação forçada. CONCLUSÃO: Nossos resultados mostraram que a idade e o ciclo claro e escuro são moduladores significativos de ambos os comportamentos quanto do tratamento com hidrocloridrato de metilfenidato.

OBJECTIVE: Methylphenidate hydrochloride is the most widely used medication for treatment and management of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. However, the chronic effects of methylphenidate hydrochloride on anxiety- and depressive-like rat behaviors remain poorly investigated. In this context, the present study evaluated the effects of treatment with methylphenidate hydrochloride on anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors using young and adult rats during the light and the dark cycle. METHOD: Male Wistar rats (25 or 60 days old) received a once-daily (in either the light or dark cycle) methylphenidate hydrochloride (2mg/kg) or saline intraperitoneal injection for 28 days. We performed elevated plus maze and forced swimming test two hours after the last injection. RESULTS: The light/dark cycle was a significant factor in the anxiety-like behaviors; however, no significant interaction between all three factors (cycle, age and methylphenidate hydrochloride) was found. Nevertheless, we observed a nominally significant interaction between the light/ dark cycle and age in the forced swimming test. CONCLUSION: Our results have shown that age and the light/dark cycle are more significant modulators of anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors than methylphenidate hydrochloride treatment.

3616 downloads

15.

Ligadura videotoracoscópica da persistência do canal arterial
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SOUTO, Gladyston Luiz de Lima

; TINOCO, Renan Catharina

; TINOCO, Augusto Claúdio de A.

; CAETANO, Celme da Silva

; SOUZA, José Bruno

; PAULA, Ary Getúlio de

; TEIXEIRA, Marco Antonio

; CARVALHO, Márcio Roberto

; BOTELHO, Antonio Carlos

; COELHO, Sandro B. P.

; SOUTO, Hanry B.

Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery

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Jun 2000, Volume 15 Nº 2 Páginas 154 - 159

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVO: Demonstrar a técnica de fechamento da Persistência do Canal Arterial (PCA), destacando a simplicidade e singularidade do método. CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODO: No período de março de 1994 a novembro de 1999, 40 pacientes (pac), com idade entre 8 meses e 17 anos e predominando o sexo masculino, foram submetidos a operação de fechamento da PCA através de videotoracoscopia. O paciente é colocado em decúbito lateral direito, sob anestesia geral com intubação seletiva do pulmão direito. São usados quatro trocateres: um de 3 mm no 3º espaço intercostal (EIC) esquerdo na linha axilar anterior e outro trocater de 5 mm no 3º (EICE) na linha axilar média. A ótica 30 graus infantil é introduzida em um trocater de 3 mm no 5º EICE na linha axilar posterior e outro trocater de 5 mm no 5º EICE na linha axila anterior. A identificação do canal é feita tendo como parâmetro anatômico os nervos frênico e vago. Após o isolamento, o canal é duplamente clipado ou ligado com fio de algodão grosso com nó interno. Terminado o procedimento, o pulmão é expandido sob visão direta, não havendo necessidade de drenar o tórax. RESULTADOS: Obtivemos sucesso inicial em 37 pac (92,5%), sendo necessária reversão para operação convencional em 3 pac (7,5%). Não houve óbito nem complicações e o tempo médio de hospitalização foi de 48 horas. CONCLUSÃO: Acreditamos ser o procedimento eficaz, seguro, com pequeno índice de complicações, custo baixo e uma curva de aprendizado também pequena.

BACKGROUND: As the advance of minimally invasive surgical techniques becomes more apparent, new applications are being identified. The present report describes the videothoracoscopy technique for closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). OBJECTIVE: To report our initial surgical experience with this procedure. METHODS: From March 1994 to November 1999, thoracoscopic closure of PDA was performed in 40 patients, males and females, whose age ranged from 8 months to 17 years, and whose mean weight was 15 kg. After induction of general anesthesia and intubation, the patient was positioned on right side, as for a posterolateral thoracostomy. Four thoracostomies of 3 to 5 mm long were made in the left hemithorax, each corresponding in size to the appropriate instruments for work, than the PDA was dissected up and double clipped with titanium clips or closed by a thick suture with intracorporeal knot. RESULT: Three patients required conversion to thoracotomy owing to bleeding (7.5%). There was no operative mortality and the mean hospital stay was 48 hours. CONCLUSION: This is a safe procedure, with low complication rate and low cost.

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