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Abstract Oral candidiasis is a common fungal infection that affects the oral mucosa, and happens when Candida albicans interacts with bacteria in the oral microbiota, such as Streptococcus mutans, causing severe early childhood caries. C. albicans and S. mutans mixed biofilms are challenging to treat with conventional antimicrobial therapies, thus, new anti-infective drugs are required. Objective This study aimed to test a drug delivery system based on chitosan microparticles loaded with geranium and lemongrass essential oils to inhibit C. albicans and S. mutans mixed biofilms. Methodology Chitosan microparticles loaded with essential oils (CM-EOs) were obtained by spray-drying. Susceptibility of planktonic were performed according CLSI at 4 to 2,048 µg/mL. Mixed biofilms were incubated at 37ºC for 48 h and exposed to CM-EOs at 256 to 4,096 µg/mL. The antimicrobial effect was evaluated using the MTT assay, with biofilm architectural changes analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. RAW 264.7 cell was used to evaluate compound cytotoxicity. Results CM-EOs had better planktonic activity against C. albicans than S. mutans. All samples reduced the metabolic activity of mixed C. albicans and S. mutans biofilms, with encapsulated oils showing better activity than raw chitosan or oils. The microparticles reduced the biofilm on the slides. The essential oils showed cytotoxic effects against RAW 264.7 cells, but encapsulation into chitosan microparticles decreased their toxicity. Conclusion This study demonstrates that chitosan loaded with essential oils may provide an alternative method for treating diseases caused by C. albicans and S. mutans mixed biofilm, such as dental caries.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2023-0146

Emission of epicormic shoots and in vitro establishment of Cordia trichotoma selected adult trees
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Santos Gonçalves, Douglas

; Teixeira, Giovanna Carla

; Santana Costa Souza, Denys Matheus

; Tannure Faria, Júlio Cézar

; Vaz Molinari, Letícia

; Ebling Brondani, Gilvano

Bosque (Valdivia)

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2022, Volume 43 Nº 2 Páginas 169 - 177

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

SUMMARY Cordia trichotoma, popularly known in Brazil as ‘louro-pardo’, has numerous environmental and timber-related applications. This species is naturally propagated by seeds; however, this form of propagation results in restricted seedling production due to high genetic variability associated with a low degree of forest improvement. Thus, cloning of selected adult trees is an alternative for producing high-quality plants. The aims of this work were to evaluate the emission of epicormic shoots from pruned branches and to define a protocol for the in vitro establishment of C. trichotoma selected adult trees. Propagules used in these experiments were derived from the selection of four C. trichotoma adult trees. The branches were placed in a greenhouse to induce epicormic shoots. Number of shoots according to the climatic season (autumn and spring) and shoot collection time were evaluated. Three sodium hypochlorite concentrations were evaluated for five minutes (C1 = 0.58 % active chlorine, C2 = 1.12 % active chlorine, and C3 = 2.12 % active chlorine) for in vitro establishment. Results indicated that the epicormic shoot technique could be considered viable for shoot emission of C. trichotoma, regardless of the climatic season (autumn or spring). Sodium hypochlorite solution applied for 5 minutes (1.12 % of active chlorine) was effective for the in vitro establishment of nodal segments from epicormic shoots, resulting in 61.3 % of established explants. These results are promising for the cloning of adult trees during the mature stage of development in the field without the need to cut the selected tree.

RESUMEN: Cordia trichotoma, conocida popularmente en Brasil como "louro-pardo", tiene numerosas aplicaciones ambientales y madereras. Esta especie se propaga naturalmente por semillas; sin embargo, esta forma de propagación resulta en una producción restringida de plántulas por la alta variabilidad genética asociada con un bajo grado de mejoramiento forestal. La clonación de árboles adultos seleccionados es una alternativa para producir plantas de alta calidad. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la emisión de brotes epicórmicos de ramas podadas y definir un protocolo para el establecimiento in vitro de árboles adultos seleccionados. Los propágulos utilizados se derivaron de la selección de cuatro árboles adultos y las ramas se colocaron en un invernadero para inducir brotes epicórmicos. Se evaluó el número de brotes según la época climática (otoño y primavera), el tiempo de recolección de los brotes, y tres concentraciones de hipoclorito de sodio durante cinco minutos (C1 = 0,58 % de cloro activo, C2 = 1,12 % de cloro activo y C3 = 2,12 % de cloro activo) para el establecimiento in vitro. Los resultados indicaron que la técnica de brotes epicórmicos podría considerarse viable para la emisión de brotes independientemente de la estación climática. La solución de hipoclorito de sodio (1,12 % de cloro activo) fue eficaz para el establecimiento in vitro de segmentos nodales de brotes epicórmicos, resultando en un 61,3 % de explantes establecidos. Los resultados son prometedores para la clonación de laureles durante la etapa madura de desarrollo en el campo sin necesidad de cortar el árbol seleccionado.

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DETERMINATION OF CHEMICAL PROFILE OF Eugenia dysenterica ICE CREAM USING PS-MS AND HS-SPME/GC-MS
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Silva, Mauro R.

; Freitas, Lucas G.

; Mendonça, Henrique de O. P.

; Souza, Amauri G.

; Pereira, Hebert V.

; Augusti, Rodinei

; Lacerda, Inayara C. A.

; Melo, Júlio O. F.

; Araújo, Raquel L. B.

Química Nova

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Fev 2021, Volume 44 Nº 2 Páginas 129 - 136

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The incorporation of Cerrado fruits in food products such as ice cream has many advantages because it represents a source of nutrients and bioactive compounds. Given the demand for less laborious methods to analyze food, the paper spray ionization mass spectrometry technique was applied for the first time for a rapid characterization of the chemical components found cagaita ice cream. PS-MS in positive and negative ionization modes were used. The profile of volatile compounds was determined by headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Fingerprints obtained through PS-MS identified various classes of compounds, such as flavones, anthocyanins, sugars, organic acids, hydroxybenzoic acids, fatty acids, hydroxycinnamic acids, lignin, and phenylpropanoid. The use of both fibers enabled the extraction and identification of 18 volatile compounds in cagaita, and 16 of them were also identified in cagaita ice cream. The most common volatile compound found in both cagaita and ice cream was 3-carene monoterpene. Considering the effect of processing on cagaita constituents, 89% of the volatile compounds remained in the ice cream. Also, 78% of the fruit chemical compounds analyzed by PS-MS were found in the product. Thus, the results indicate that most of the fruit compounds remained in the ice cream after processing.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170680 149 downloads

The Program for Biodiversity Research in Brazil: The role of regional networks for biodiversity knowledge, dissemination, and conservation
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ROSA, CLARISSA

; BACCARO, FABRICIO

; CRONEMBERGER, CECILIA

; HIPÓLITO, JULIANA

; BARROS, CLAUDIA FRANCA

; RODRIGUES, DOMINGOS DE JESUS

; NECKEL-OLIVEIRA, SELVINO

; OVERBECK, GERHARD E.

; DRECHSLER-SANTOS, ELISANDRO RICARDO

; ANJOS, MARCELO RODRIGUES DOS

; FERREGUETTI, ÁTILLA C.

; AKAMA, ALBERTO

; MARTINS, MARLÚCIA BONIFÁCIO

; TOMAS, WALFRIDO MORAES

; SANTOS, SANDRA APARECIDA

; FERREIRA, VANDA LÚCIA

; CUNHA, CATIA NUNES DA

; PENHA, JERRY

; PINHO, JOÃO BATISTA DE

; SALIS, SUZANA MARIA

; DORIA, CAROLINA RODRIGUES DA COSTA

; PILLAR, VALÉRIO D.

; PODGAISKI, LUCIANA R.

; MENIN, MARCELO

; BÍGIO, NARCÍSIO COSTA

; ARAGÓN, SUSAN

; MANZATTO, ANGELO GILBERTO

; VÉLEZ-MARTIN, EDUARDO

; SILVA, ANA CAROLINA BORGES LINS E

; IZZO, THIAGO JUNQUEIRA

; MORTATI, AMANDA FREDERICO

; GIACOMIN, LEANDRO LACERDA

; ALMEIDA, THAÍS ELIAS

; ANDRÉ, THIAGO

; SILVEIRA, MARIA AUREA PINHEIRO DE ALMEIDA

; SILVEIRA, ANTÔNIO LAFFAYETE PIRES DA

; MESSIAS, MARILUCE REZENDE

; MARQUES, MARCIA C.M.

; PADIAL, ANDRE ANDRIAN

; MARQUES, RENATO

; BITAR, YOUSZEF O.C.

; SILVEIRA, MARCOS

; MORATO, ELDER FERREIRA

; PAGOTTO, RUBIANI DE CÁSSIA

; STRUSSMANN, CHRISTINE

; MACHADO, RICARDO BOMFIM

; AGUIAR, LUDMILLA MOURA DE SOUZA

; FERNANDES, GERALDO WILSON

; OKI, YUMI

; NOVAIS, SAMUEL

; FERREIRA, GUILHERME BRAGA

; BARBOSA, FLÁVIA RODRIGUES

; OCHOA, ANA C.

; MANGIONE, ANTONIO M.

; GATICA, AILIN

; CARRIZO, MARÍA CELINA

; RETTA, LUCÍA MARTINEZ

; JOFRÉ, LAURA E.

; CASTILLO, LUCIANA L.

; NEME, ANDREA M.

; RUEDA, CARLA

; TOLEDO, JOSÉ JULIO DE

; GRELLE, CARLOS EDUARDO VIVEIROS

; VALE, MARIANA M.

; VIEIRA, MARCUS VINICIUS

; CERQUEIRA, RUI

; HIGASHIKAWA, EMÍLIO MANABU

; MENDONÇA, FERNANDO PEREIRA DE

; GUERREIRO, QUÊZIA LEANDRO DE MOURA

; BANHOS, AUREO

; HERO, JEAN-MARC

; KOBLITZ, RODRIGO

; COLLEVATTI, ROSANE GARCIA

; SILVEIRA, LUÍS FÁBIO

; VASCONCELOS, HERALDO L.

; VIEIRA, CECÍLIA RODRIGUES

; COLLI, GUARINO RINALDI

; CECHIN, SONIA ZANINI

; SANTOS, TIAGO GOMES DOS

; FONTANA, CARLA S.

; JARENKOW, JOÃO A.

; MALABARBA, LUIZ R.

; RUEDA, MARTA P.

; ARAUJO, PUBLIO A.

; PALOMO, LUCAS

; ITURRE, MARTA C.

; BERGALLO, HELENA GODOY

; MAGNUSSON, WILLIAM E.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 Nº 2 elocation e20201604

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Program for Biodiversity Research (PPBio) is an innovative program designed to integrate all biodiversity research stakeholders. Operating since 2004, it has installed long-term ecological research sites throughout Brazil and its logic has been applied in some other southern-hemisphere countries. The program supports all aspects of research necessary to understand biodiversity and the processes that affect it. There are presently 161 sampling sites (see some of them at Supplementary Appendix), most of which use a standardized methodology that allows comparisons across biomes and through time. To date, there are about 1200 publications associated with PPBio that cover topics ranging from natural history to genetics and species distributions. Most of the field data and metadata are available through PPBio web sites or DataONE. Metadata is available for researchers that intend to explore the different faces of Brazilian biodiversity spatio-temporal variation, as well as for managers intending to improve conservation strategies. The Program also fostered, directly and indirectly, local technical capacity building, and supported the training of hundreds of undergraduate and graduate students. The main challenge is maintaining the long-term funding necessary to understand biodiversity patterns and processes under pressure from global environmental changes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120201604 1034 downloads

Yeast microbiota of free-ranging amphibians and reptiles from Caatinga biome in Ceará State, Northeast Brazil: High pathogenic potential of Candida famata
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Castelo-Branco, Débora de Souza Collares Maia

; Graça-Filho, Renan Vasconcelos da

; Oliveira, Jonathas Sales de

; Rocha, Maria Gleiciane da

; Araújo, Géssica dos Santos

; Araújo Neto, Manoel Paiva de

; Cordeiro, Rossana de Aguiar

; Pereira-Neto, Waldemiro de Aquino

; Sidrim, José Júlio Costa

; Brilhante, Raimunda Sâmia Nogueira

; Rocha, Marcos Fábio Gadelha

Ciência Rural

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2021, Volume 51 Nº 7 elocation e20200742

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Estudos sobre a microbiota fúngica de répteis e anfíbios são necessários para melhor compreender as interações hospedeiro-microrganismo e o estabelecimento de doenças fúngicas nesses animais. No entanto, esses estudos são limitados. O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi identificar leveduras isoladas de répteis e anfíbios do bioma Caatinga e avaliar a produção de fatores de virulência, a sensibilidade a antifúngicos no crescimento planctônico e de biofilme e a patogenicidade de Candida famata. Vinte e nove isolados dos gêneros Candida, Cryptococcus e Rhodotorula foram identificados por métodos fenotípicos e/ou moleculares e a produção de enzimas hidrolíticas in vitro por esses gêneros de fungos foi avaliada. Além disso, foi avaliada a suscetibilidade de células planctônicas e biofilmes a azólicos e anfotericina B. A patogenicidade de C. famata, a espécie de levedura isolada mais prevalente, foi avaliada usando Caenorhabditis elegans. C. famata foi a levedura mais prevalente na microbiota de anfíbios e répteis. A produção de fosfolipase e protease foi observada em 18/29 e 11/29 dos isolados de levedura, respectivamente, enquanto 100% formaram biofilmes. O itraconazol apresentou altas concentrações inibitórias mínimas contra C. famata e C. tropicalis. A anfotericina B reduziu a biomassa e atividade metabólica dos biofilmes. C. famata induziu a mortalidade de C. elegans. Em conclusão, répteis e anfíbios são colonizados por leveduras capazes de produzir importantes fatores de virulência, especialmente por cepas de Candida spp. que apresentam baixa suscetibilidade a azólicos que podem resultar de desequilíbrio no ecossistema. Por fim, C. famata isolados desses animais apresentaram alta patogenicidade, mostrando a importância do estudo da microbiota fúngica de répteis e anfíbios.

ABSTRACT: Studies on the fungal microbiota of reptiles and amphibians are necessary to better understand of host-microbe interactions and the establishment of fungal disease in these animals. However, these studies are limited. The present researchidentified yeasts from free-ranging reptiles and amphibians from the Caatinga biome andevaluated the virulence factors production, the antifungal susceptibility in planktonic and biofilm growth and the pathogenicity of Candida famata isolates. Twenty-nine isolates of the genera Candida, Cryptococcus and Rhodotorula were identified by phenotypic and/or molecular methods and production of hydrolytic enzymes in vitro by these genera of fungi was evaluated. In addition, susceptibility of planktonic cells and biofilms to azoles and amphotericin B was evaluated. The pathogenicity of C. famata, the most prevalent yeast species isolated, was evaluated using Caenorhabditis elegans model. C. famata was the most prevalent yeast in amphibian and reptilian microbiota. Phospholipase and protease production was observed in 18/29 and 11/29 of the yeast isolates, respectively, while 100% formed biofilms. Itraconazole presented high minimal inhibitory concentrations against C. famata and C. tropicalis. Amphotericin B reduced the biomass and metabolic activity of biofilms. C. famata induced the mortality of C. elegans. In conclusion, reptiles and amphibians are colonized by yeasts capable of producing important virulence factors, especially by Candida spp. that present low susceptibility to azoles which may result from imbalances in ecosystem. Finally, C. famata isolated from these animals presented high pathogenicity, showing the importance of the study of reptile and amphibians fungal microbiota.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20200742 400 downloads

Use and misuse of biomarkers and the role of D-dimer and C-reactive protein in the management of COVID-19: A post-hoc analysis of a prospective cohort study
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Gonçalves, Fabio Augusto Rodrigues

; Besen, Bruno Adler Maccagnan Pinheiro

; Lima, Clarice Antunes de

; Corá, Aline Pivetta

; Pereira, Antônio José Rodrigues

; Perazzio, Sandro Félix

; Gouvea, Christiane Pereira

; Fonseca, Luiz Augusto Marcondes

; Trindade, Evelinda Marramon

; Sumita, Nairo Massakazu

; Duarte, Alberto José da Silva

; Lichtenstein, Arnaldo

; Bonfa, Eloisa

; Utiyama, Edivaldo M.

; Segurado, Aluisio C.

; Perondi, Beatriz

; Miethke-Morais, Anna

; Montal, Amanda C.

; Harima, Leila

; Fusco, Solange R. G.

; Silva, Marjorie F.

; Rocha, Marcelo C.

; Marcilio, Izabel

; Rios, Izabel Cristina

; Kawano, Fabiane Yumi Ogihara

; Jesus, Maria Amélia de

; Kallas, Ésper George

; Carmo, Carolina

; Tanaka, Clarice

; Souza, Heraldo Possolo de

; Marchini, Julio F. M.

; Carvalho, Carlos

; Ferreira, Juliana C.

; Levin, Anna Sara Shafferman

; Oliveira, Maura Salaroli

; Guimarães, Thaís

; Lázari, Carolina dos Santos

; Sabino, Ester

; Magri, Marcello M. C.

; Barros-Filho, Tarcisio E. P.

; Francisco, Maria Cristina Peres Braido

; Costa, Silvia F.

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e3547

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVE: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with high mortality among hospitalized patients and incurs high costs. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection can trigger both inflammatory and thrombotic processes, and these complications can lead to a poorer prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the association and temporal trends of D-dimer and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels with the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE), hospital mortality, and costs among inpatients with COVID-19. METHODS: Data were extracted from electronic patient records and laboratory databases. Crude and adjusted associations for age, sex, number of comorbidities, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score at admission, and D-dimer or CRP logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations. RESULTS: Between March and June 2020, COVID-19 was documented in 3,254 inpatients. The D-dimer level ≥4,000 ng/mL fibrinogen equivalent unit (FEU) mortality odds ratio (OR) was 4.48 (adjusted OR: 1.97). The CRP level ≥220 mg/dL OR for death was 7.73 (adjusted OR: 3.93). The D-dimer level ≥4,000 ng/mL FEU VTE OR was 3.96 (adjusted OR: 3.26). The CRP level ≥220 mg/dL OR for VTE was 2.71 (adjusted OR: 1.92). All these analyses were statistically significant (p<0.001). Stratified hospital costs demonstrated a dose-response pattern. Adjusted D-dimer and CRP levels were associated with higher mortality and doubled hospital costs. In the first week, elevated D-dimer levels predicted VTE occurrence and systemic inflammatory harm, while CRP was a hospital mortality predictor. CONCLUSION: D-dimer and CRP levels were associated with higher hospital mortality and a higher incidence of VTE. D-dimer was more strongly associated with VTE, although its discriminative ability was poor, while CRP was a stronger predictor of hospital mortality. Their use outside the usual indications should not be modified and should be discouraged.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e3547

Antioxidant Activity and Metabolomic Analysis of Cagaitas (Eugenia dysenterica) using Paper Spray Mass Spectrometry
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Silva, Mauro R.

; Freitas, Lucas G.

; Souza, Amauri G.

; Araújo, Raquel L. B.

; Lacerda, Inayara C. A.

; Pereira, Hebert V.

; Augusti, Rodinei

; Melo, Júlio O. F.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Mai 2019, Volume 30 Nº 5 Páginas 1034 - 1044

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Cagaita is a fruit from Brazilian cerrado, belongs to Myrtaceae family, and has important economic value. This work aimed to determine the total antioxidant capacity (extractable and non-extractable fractions) by different methods and to evaluate the use of paper spray mass spectrometry to obtain fingerprints of cagaita from different regions with the aid of principal components analysis. Cagaitas had higher antioxidant activity than those found in other fruits mentioned in literature, and the non-extractable fraction was 18.90 to 21.05% of the antioxidant capacity. The analysis of paper spray mass spectrometry in positive and negative ionization modes identified several substances, including organic acids, sugars, amino acids and several other classes of phenolic compounds. Analysis of the main components of cagaita samples permitted discrimination of the major constituents such as sugars and different kinds of phenolic compounds. Thus, this study demonstrated that paper spray mass spectrometry is a simple and ultrafast method with minimum sample preparation that allows the analysis of the chemical profile of cagaita.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190002 1087 downloads

Essential oil composition in natural population of Lippia origanoides (Verbenaceae) during dry and rainy seasons
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Souza, Luciana M.

; Fonseca, Francine S. A.

; Silva, Júlio C. R. L.

; Silva, Amanda M.

; Silva, Julian R.

; Martins, Ernane R.

Revista de Biología Tropical

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Mar 2019, Volume 67 Nº 1 Páginas 278 - 285

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Lippia origanoides Kunth. es un arbusto medicinal nativo de algunos países de Centro y Sur América y el Caribe. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la composición química de los aceites esenciales y la diversidad genética de una población natural de L. origanoides en dos estaciones. El aceite esencial se extrajo en un equipo de Clevenger y se analizó por cromatografía de gases acoplado a espectrometría de masas (CG-EM). La cuantificación relativa de timol y carvacrol se realizó por cromatografía de gases acoplado a un detector de ionización de llamas (CG-DIL). Se utilizó un análisis multivariado para evaluar la divergencia genética entre plantas. El carvacrol fue el compuesto principal encontrado en la mayoría de las plantas para ambas estaciones. En la estación lluviosa, la planta 15 presentó timol como el compuesto principal y las plantas 16, 27, 28 y 29 presentaron alcanfor como el compuesto principal. En la estación seca, el timol se mantuvo como el principal compuesto en la planta 15, de igual manera el alcanfor se mantuvo como el principal en las plantas 16, 28 y 29. Sin embargo, la planta 27 presentó carvacrol como el principal compuesto en esta estación. Después del carvacrol, los compuestos con el mayor contenido fueron γ-terpineno, p-cimeno and metil-eter-timol. De las 30 plantas estudiadas, solo cinco difirieron en su composición química, mostrando algún grado de estabilidad en relación a la estación seca y lluviosa. No hubo variación en los compuestos principales entre las dos estaciones, pero hubo diversidad química entre los compuestos principales. El agrupamiento de Tocher mostró cinco grupos distintos, con el grupo 1 incluyendo la mayoría de las plantas en ambas estaciones, lo cual indica que el periodo del año evaluado no interfiere significativamente con la composición de aceites esenciales en la mayoría de plantas.

Abstract Lippia origanoides Kunth. is a medicinal shrub native to some countries in South America, Central America and the Caribbean. This study aims to investigate the chemical composition of the essential oil and the genetic diversity of a natural population of Lippia origanoides in two seasons. Leaf samples were collected from 30 individuals in the dry and rainy seasons. The essential oil was extracted into a Clevenger apparatus and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The relative quantification of thymol and carvacrol was performed by gas chromatography coupled to a flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Multivariate analysis was used to evaluate the genetic divergence between plants. Carvacrol was the major compound found in most plants for both seasons. In the rainy season, plant 15 presented thymol as the major compound, and plants 16, 27, 28 and 29 presented camphor as the major compound. In the dry season, thymol remained the main compound of plant 15 and camphor remained the main compound of plants 16, 28 and 29; however, plant 27 presented carvacrol as the main compound in this season. After carvacrol, the compounds with the highest content were γ-terpinene, p-cymene and methyl-ether-thymol. Of the 30 plants studied, only five differed in their chemical composition, showing some degree of stability in relation to the dry and rainy seasons. There was no variation in the main compounds between the two seasons, but there was chemical diversity among the main compounds. Tocher grouping revealed five distinct groups, with group 1 including most of the plants in both dry and rainy seasons, indicating that the time of year evaluated did not significantly interfere with the essential oil composition of most plants.

https://doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v67i1.31407 1101 downloads

Esplenectomía laparoscópica, una opción eficaz en un hospital de segundo nivel
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Sotelo-Estévez, Julio C.

; Souza-Gallardo, Luis M.

; Kim-Koh, Min J.

; Orellana-Parra, Juan C.

Cirugía y cirujanos

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Fev 2019, Volume 87 Nº 1 Páginas 23 - 27

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Introduction: Laparoscopic splenectomy was reserved for selected cases, however and because of the improvement in surgical technique and laparoscopic instruments, nowadays, there are few contraindications. Method: Retrospective and observational study of patients surgically treated of laparoscopic splenectomy secondary to hematologic diseases in a period span of 6 years. We analyzed demographic, preoperative, transoperative and postoperative variables. Results: We studied eight patients, 62.5% were men with a mean age of 47.5 years. The most frequent hematologic diagnosis was idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (50%). The approach was laparoscopic in 100%. Median surgical time was 129.87 min and median transoperative bleeding was 396.25 cc. Median length of resected spleen was 15 cm. Median time for oral feeding was 20.62 h and total hospital stay was 4 days. There was only one reported complication. Conclusion: Laparoscopic splenectomy represents a safe and feasible option with rapid recovery and few complications.

Resumen Introducción: La esplenectomía laparoscópica era reservada para pacientes sin esplenomegalia y enfermedades benignas; sin embargo, debido a la mejoría en la técnica y en los instrumentos de laparoscopía, actualmente las contraindicaciones son pocas. Método: Estudio retrospectivo y observacional de pacientes sometidos a esplenectomía laparoscópica por enfermedades hematológicas refractarias durante 6 años. Se analizaron variables demográficas, preoperatorias, transoperatorias y posoperatorias. Resultados: Se estudiaron ocho pacientes, de los cuales el 62.5% eran hombres y la edad promedio era de 47.5 años. El diagnóstico hematológico más común fue púrpura trombocitopénica idiopática (50%). El abordaje fue laparoscópico en el 100% de los casos. El tiempo quirúrgico fue 129.87 minutos. El sangrado transoperatorio fue de 396.25 ml. El tamaño de los bazos resecados fue de 15 cm. El tiempo para el inicio de la vía oral fue de 20.62 horas y la estancia intrahospitalaria fue de 4 días. Se reportó una complicación. Conclusión: La esplenectomía laparoscópica es un procedimiento seguro y factible, con recuperación rápida y menos complicaciones.

https://doi.org/10.24875/ciru.18000383 12 downloads

10.

Antioxidant activity of essential oils from condiment plants and their effect on lactic cultures and pathogenic bacteria
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Farias, Paula Karoline Soares

; Silva, Júlio César Rodrigues Lopes

; Souza, Cintya Neves de

; Fonseca, Francine Souza Alves da

; Brandi, Igor Viana

; Martins, Ernane Ronie

; Azevedo, Alcinei Mistico

; Almeida, Anna Christina de

Ciência Rural

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2019, Volume 49 Nº 2 elocation e20180140

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: A atividade conservante e antioxidante de óleos essenciais são importantes ferramentas para uso na indústria de alimentos e pesquisas são estimuladas na atualidade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as propriedades antioxidantes e a atividade antimicrobiana de óleos essenciais de Syzygium aromaticum, Cymbopogon citratuse Lippia alba (LA) contra bactérias lácticas e patogênicas com importância em doenças transmitidas por alimentos. A atividade antibacteriana dos óleos foi avaliada por testes de disco-difusão e macrodiluição em caldo, utilizando-se cultura láctica mista de Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus e Streptococcus thermophilus (YF-L903), e Escherichia coli (ATCC 8739), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Salmonella enterica (ATCC 6017). Os compostos dos óleos essenciais foram identificados por cromatografia, mostrando eugenol (79,41%) como composto predominante em S. aromaticum, geranial (31,89%), neral (24,52%) e β-mirceno (25,37%) em C. citratus, e o geranial (33,80%) e neral (25,63%) em L. alba. A atividade antibacteriana confirmou o efeito dose-dependente dos três óleos para todas as bactérias avaliadas, apresentando halos de inibição a partir da concentração de 20μL mL-1. O óleo essencial de S. aromaticum apresentou melhor atividade antioxidante, com IC 50 IC50 (at concentration capable of generating 50% inhibition) igual a 5.76μg mL-1 e índice de atividade antioxidante (AAI) de 6,94, considerado forte (AAI>2,0) em relação aos demais óleos avaliados. O óleo essencial de S. aromaticum apresentou excelente atividade antioxidante em menor concentração que anecessário para inibir a cultura láctica, indicando que este óleo pode ser usado como conservante em alimentos processados contendo culturas lácticas.

ABSTRACT: Studies about preservative and antioxidant activity of essential oils have been encouraged in recent years, given their importance to food industry. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the antioxidant properties and antimicrobial activity of essential oils deriving from Syzygium aromaticum, Cymbopogon citratus and Lippia alba against lactic and pathogenic bacteria responsible for food-borne diseases. Essential oil antibacterial activity was assessed through disc diffusion and macrodilution tests conducted in a mixed lactic culture of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus (YF-L903) and of Escherichia coli (ATCC 8739), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Salmonella enterica (ATCC 6017) strains. Based on the chromatographic analysis results, the essential oils shown to be composed of eugenol (79.41%) which was the prevalent compound in S. aromaticum, geranial (31.89%), neral (24.52%) and β-myrcene (25.37%) in C. citratus, as well as of geranial (33.80%) and neral (25.63%) in L. alba. The observed antibacterial activity confirmed the dose-dependent effect of these three oils on all the assessed bacteria; there was halo inhibition at concentration 20μL mL-1. The essential oil of S. aromaticum presented better antioxidant activity, with IC50 equal to 5.76μg mL-1 and antioxidant activity index of 6.94, and it was considered strong (AAI>2.0) in comparison to the other evaluated oils. This essential oil also presented excellent antioxidant activity at concentrations lower than the one required to inhibit lactic cultures. Based in this outcome, the essential oil from S. aromaticum can be used as preservative agent in processed food whose formulation presents lactic cultures.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20180140 2364 downloads

11.

Religiosidade, estratégias de coping e satisfação com a vida: Verificação de um modelo de influência em estudantes universitários
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Fleury, Luis Felipe de Oliveira

; Gomes, Antonio Marcos Tosoli

; Rocha, Julio Cesar Cruz C. da

; Formiga, Nilton Soares

; Tavares e Souza, Marilei de Melo

; Marques, Sérgio Corrêa

; Bernardes, Margarida Maria Rocha

Revista Portuguesa de Enfermagem de Saúde Mental

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Dez 2018, Nº 20 Páginas 51 - 57

Resumo: Es Pt En | Texto: Es Pt En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

CONTEXTO: El ambiente universitario puede a menudo favorecer el desarrollo de problemas de salud mental, ya que los universitarios son sometidos a intenso nivel de estrés y carga cognitiva. OBJETIVO: Verificar la influencia de la religiosidad en la satisfacción con la vida y en la adopción de estrategias para lidiar con los problemas. MÉTODOS: Estudio cuantitativo con recolección de datos utilizando instrumentos psicométricos validados con 588 estudiantes universitarios de 18 a 63 años. Se utilizó la técnica de modelado de ecuaciones estructurales para verificar un modelo de influencia. RESULTADOS: Los resultados indican que la Religiosidad influye positivamente y de forma significativa en la Satisfacción con la Vida, así como la adopción de Estrategias para Enfrentamiento de Problemas. Los resultados no son generalizables, sin embargo constituyen evidencia empírica de la importancia de la religiosidad en términos de salud mental. CONCLUSIÓN: En general, esta investigación pretendió verificar un modelo teórico sistémico, el cual hipotetizaba una interdependencia entre las variables Religiosidad, Coping y Satisfacción con la vida; con ello, no sólo se comprobó el modelo pretendido, pero, se cree que los resultados observados, teóricamente, sostienen las propuestas sugeridas por la psicología positiva.

CONTEXTO: O ambiente universitário pode muitas vezes favorecer o desenvolvimento de problemas de saúde mental, uma vez que os universitários são submetidos a intenso nível de estresse e carga cognitiva. OBJETIVO: Verificar a influência da religiosidade na satisfação com a vida e na adoção de estratégias para lidar com os problemas. MÉTODOS: Estudo quantitativo com coleta de dados utilizando instrumentos psicométricos validados com 588 estudantes universitários de 18 a 63 anos. Foi utilizada a técnica de modelagem de equações estruturais para verificar um modelo de influência. RESULTADOS: Os resultados indicam que a Religiosidade influencia positivamente e de forma significativa a Satisfação com a Vida, bem como a adoção de Estratégias para Enfrentamento de Problemas. Os resultados não são generalizáveis, entretanto constituem evidência empírica da importância da religiosidade em termos de saúde mental. CONCLUSÃO: De forma geral, esta pesquisa pretendeu verificar um modelo teórico sistêmico, o qual hipotetizava uma interdependência entre as variáveis Religiosidade, Coping e Satisfação com a vida que se comprovou. Com isso, acredita-se que os resultados observados, teoricamente, sustentam as propostas sugeridas pela psicologia positiva.

BACKGROUND: The university environment can often favor the development of mental health problems, since university students are subjected to intense levels of stress and cognitive load. AIM: To verify the influence of religiosity on satisfaction with life and on the adoption of strategies to deal with problems. METHODS: Quantitative study with data collection using validated psychometric instruments with 588 university students aged 18 to 63 years. The structural equation modeling technique was used to verify an influence model. RESULTS: The results indicate that Religiosity influences positively and significantly the Satisfaction with Life, as well as the adoption of Strategies to Confront Problems. The results are not generalizable, however they constitute empirical evidence of the importance of religiosity in terms of mental health. CONCLUSION: In general, this research aimed to verify a systemic theoretical model, which hypothesized an interdependence between the variables Religiosity, Coping and Satisfaction with life; Thus, not only has the desired model been proved, but it is believed that the results observed theoretically support the proposals suggested by positive psychology.

https://doi.org/10.19131/rpesm.0226 1620 downloads

12.

Green tea supplementation promotes leukocyte telomere length elongation in obese women
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Nonino, Carla B.

; Caressato-Pinhanelli, Vitor

; Noronha, Natália Y.

; G.-Quinhoneiro, Driele C.

; Souza-Pinhel, Marcela A.

; de-Oliveira, Bruno A.P

; Marchini, Julio Sergio

; Ferreira-Nicoletti, Carolina

Nutrición Hospitalaria

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Jun 2018, Volume 35 Nº 3 Páginas 570 - 575

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Introduction: inflammation and oxidative stress are factors that may play a substantial role in telomere attrition. In line of this, obesity is associated with telomere shortening. Green tea had anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects and may alter telomere length (TL). Objectives: we evaluated the effect of decaffeinated green tea supplementation in obese women on TL. Methods: we conducted a cross-sectional interventional study with ten obese (body mass index [BMI] > 40 kg/m²) and eight normal weight (BMI > 18.5 and < 24.9 kg/m²) women (age between 27 and 48 years). The supplementation was carried out with capsules (each contained 450.7 mg of epigallocatechin-3-gallate) during eight weeks. Anthropometric and dietary intake assessment, and blood collection (for biochemical and TL analysis by quantitative PCR) were performed before and after supplementation. Normal weight patients were evaluated at a single moment. Results: we observed a significant increase on TL after supplementation (1.57 ± 1.1 to 3.2 ± 2.1 T/Sratio; p < 0.05). Moreover, we found shorter TL in obese patients (day 0) when compared to normal weight individuals (3.2 ± 1.9 T/Sratio; p < 0.05) and an inverse association between TL and BMI, even after age adjustment (beta = -0.527; r² = 0.286; IC = -0.129, -0.009). Conclusion: obesity is related to shorter telomeres. Green tea supplementation during eight weeks promotes telomere elongation in obese women.

Resumen Introducción: la inflamación y el estrés oxidativo son factores que pueden jugar un papel importante en el desgaste de los telómeros. En línea con esto, la obesidad está asociada con el acortamiento de los telómeros. El té verde tiene efectos antiinflamatorios y antioxidantes y puede alterar la longitud de los telómeros (LT). Objetivos: evaluamos el efecto de la suplementación de té verde descafeinado en la LT en mujeres obesas. Métodos: realizamos un estudio intervencionista de corte transversal con 10 mujeres obesas (IMC > 40 kg/m²) y 8 con peso normal (IMC > 18,5 y < 24,9 kg/m²) (edad entre 27 y 48 años). La suplementación se llevó a cabo con cápsulas (cada una contenía 450,7 mg de epigalocatequina-3-galato) durante 8 semanas. La evaluación de la ingesta antropométrica y dietética y la recolección de sangre (para análisis bioquímicos y LT por PCR cuantitativa) se realizaron antes y después de la administración de suplementos. Los pacientes de peso normal fueron evaluados en un solo momento. Resultados: observamos un aumento significativo en LT después de la suplementación (1,57 ± 1,1 a 3,2 ± 2,1 T/S ratio; p < 0,05). Además, encontramos LT más corta en pacientes obesos (día 0) en comparación con individuos de peso normal (3,2 ± 1,9 T/S ratio; p < 0,05) y una asociación inversa entre LT e IMC, incluso después del ajuste de edad (beta = -0,527; r² = 0,286; IC = -0,129, -0,009). Conclusión: la obesidad está relacionada con los telómeros más cortos. La administración de suplementos de té verde durante 8 semanas promueve la elongación de los telómeros en mujeres obesas.

https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.1392 316 downloads

13.

Synthesis of New Conjugates 1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-phosphoramidate and Evaluation against Leishmania amazonensis
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Medeiros, Antonia C. R. F.

; Borges, Julio C.

; Becker, Klaus M.

; Rodrigues, Raquel F.

; Leon, Leonor L.

; Canto-Cavalheiro, Marilene

; Bernardino, Alice M. R.

; Souza, Marcos C. de

; Pedrosa, Leandro F.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Jan 2018, Volume 29 Nº 1 Páginas 159 - 167

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

In this research three series of substituted 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine phosphoramidates were synthesized and characterized by infrared, 1H, 13C, and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry. The products were obtained in good yields (67-83%) under mild conditions by nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction of aminoalkylphosphoramidates over 4-chloro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines. These compounds were evaluated as antileishmanials against Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes in vitro. Among all, compounds of a series showed expressive antileishmanial activity. Two of them emerged as the most active, with IC50 values of 6.44 ± 1.49 and 12.25 ± 0.68 µM. The cytotoxicity of this series was assessed on murine cells and presented values similar to the reference drug pentamidine.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20170126 746 downloads

14.

Impact of continuous flow chemistry in the synthesis of natural products and active pharmaceutical ingredients
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SOUZA, JULIANA M. DE

; GALAVERNA, RENAN

; SOUZA, ALINE A.N. DE

; BROCKSOM, TIMOTHY J.

; PASTRE, JULIO C.

; SOUZA, RODRIGO O.M.A. DE

; OLIVEIRA, KLEBER T. DE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2018, Volume 90 Nº 1 Páginas 1131 - 1174

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT We present a comprehensive review of the advent and impact of continuous flow chemistry with regard to the synthesis of natural products and drugs, important pharmaceutical products and definitely responsible for a revolution in modern healthcare. We detail the beginnings of modern drugs and the large scale batch mode of production, both chemical and microbiological. The introduction of modern continuous flow chemistry is then presented, both as a technological tool for enabling organic chemistry, and as a fundamental research endeavor. This part details the syntheses of bioactive natural products and commercial drugs.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201820170778 9021 downloads

15.

Synthesis by Click Reactions and Antiplasmodial Activity of Lupeol 1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives
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Borgati, Tatiane F.

; Pereira, Guilherme R.

; Brandão, Geraldo C.

; Santos, Juliana O.

; Fernandes, Dayane Aparecida M.

; Paula, Renata C. de

; Nascimento, Maria Fernanda A. do

; Soares, Luciana F.

; Lopes, Júlio César D.

; Souza Filho, José D. de

; Oliveira, Alaíde B. de

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Out 2017, Volume 28 Nº 10 Páginas 1850 - 1856

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Lupeol, a triterpene frequently found in Asteraceae plant species, showed moderate to low activity in different strains of Plasmodium falciparum, the most virulent malaria etiological agents. In this work, lupeol was isolated from Parahancornia fasciculata, a plant that is used to treat malaria in the Amazonia region. In the search of more activity lupeol derivatives, five new 1,2,3-triazole hybrid molecules were synthetized by copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition. The antiplasmodial activity of the semi-synthetic compounds were evaluated by the lactate dehydrogenase assay; the lupeol propargyl ether was the only one to disclosing increased activity (half maximal inhibitory concentration-IC50-62.0 ± 1.92 µmol L-1) in relation to lupeol (IC50 117.00 µmol L-1). Therefore, this work revealed a new class of interesting lupeol derivatives that can be obtained by linking electron donors to the hydroxy group at C-3.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20170013 899 downloads

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