Abstract Gene polymorphisms can predispose to periodontal disease, as demonstrated by the well-documented association between aggressive periodontitis and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) such as rs153745 in the GLT6D1 gene and rs3217992 in the CDKN2BAS gene. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of these SNPs in Brazilian patients with advanced periodontitis (stages III/IV, Grade B/C) vs. healthy controls. A total of 100 patients with periodontitis (Group BC) were enrolled. Of these, 51 patients were classified as stage III and 49 patients were classified as stage IV, and 52 were Grade B (Group B) and 48 were Grade C (Group C). The control Group consisted of 61 healthy subjects. DNA samples extracted from buccal epithelial cells were used to genotype the SNPs rs1537415 (GLT6D1) and rs3217992 (CDKN2BAS) by real-time quantitative PCR. No significant differences in polymorphism frequency were found between the control Group and each of the patient groups (BC, B, or C), and Group B did not differ from Group C. In conclusion, the evaluated SNPs had no significant influence on the prevalence of periodontal disease in the sampled Brazilian population.

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IL10, NOS2A, and ESR2 genes and chronic periodontitis (CP) and aggressive periodontitis (AgP). Three groups of patients underwent periodontal and radiographic evaluations: CP (n = 61), AgP (n = 50), and periodontally healthy (control group=61). Genomic DNA was extracted from oral epithelial cells and used for genotyping by real-time polymerase chain reaction using TaqMan® probes. The investigated SNPs were: -1087G > A, -819C > T and -592C > A in the IL10; +2087G > A in the NOS2A, and +1730G > A in the ESR2 gene. Differences in genotype and allele frequencies of each polymorphism and some individual characteristics were analyzed using the chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Analysis of SNPs and haplotypes in the IL10 and SNP in the ESR2 gene did not present any significant association with AgP or CP. The +2087G allele of the NOS2A gene tended to be significantly associated with periodontal disease. Patients carrying the genotype +2087GG in the NOS2A gene were genetically protected against the development of CP (p = 0.05; OR = 0.44; 95%CI = 0.20–0.95). This result showed greater significance when patients with AgP and CP were combined (total PD) (p = 0.03; OR = 0.46; 95%CI = 0.23–0.92). In conclusion, the studied Brazilian population had a significantly higher frequency of the GG genotype for the +2087 SNP in the NOS2A gene in individuals without periodontitis, although statistical significance was not maintained after multiple logistic regression.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the leukotoxin promoter types of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans clones in subjects with generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) and in their family members (FM). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-five patients with GAgP (33.9±7.1 years), 33 of their FM (22.8±11.4 years), and 41 patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) (44.1±9.4 years) were clinically analyzed using the plaque index, gingival index, probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL). Subgingival biofilm samples were collected from four interproximal periodontal sites (>PD and >CAL) of each patient. The presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans and its leukotoxic clone was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS: A. actinomycetemcomitans was observed in 23 (51.1%) GAgP patients and 16 (30.1%) CP patients. Thirty-seven (94.8%) patients showed minimally leukotoxic strains and 2 (5.1%) showed highly leukotoxic strains. In the FM group, 10 (30.3%) had aggressive periodontitis (AgP), 12 (36.3%) had CP, 11 (33.3%) were periodontally healthy or had gingivitis, and 12.2% were A. actinomycetemcomitans positive. Greater full mouth PD and CAL were observed in GAgP patients positive for the bacteria than those negative for it (p<;0.05), and the presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans positively correlated with GAgP (Odds ratio, 3.1; confidence interval, 1.4-7.0; p=0.009). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans was associated with the clinical condition of GAgP, with most patients exhibiting a generalized form of the disease and minimally leukotoxic clones. Most of the relatives of GAgP patients presented either CP or AgP.

INTRODUÇÃO: O debridamento ultrassônico de boca toda visa a uma instrumentação mais leve e conservadora da superfície radicular, evitando a recolonização da bolsa periodontal. OBJETIVO: Este trabalho verificou os efeitos do debridamento subgengival com o uso de ultrassom sobre os parâmetros clínicos periodontais no tratamento da periodontite crônica por meio de uma revisão na literatura. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: A revisão foi realizada nas bases de busca bibliográfica PubMed, Lilacs, Scielo, Medline e Centro de Registro de Ensaios Clínicos Controlados (Biblioteca Cochrane). Foram incluídas publicações na língua inglesa que abordaram estudos clínicos de intervenção em humanos, randomizados e controlados, e que utilizaram o debridamento ultrassônico para o tratamento não cirúrgico da periodontite crônica. RESULTADO: Inicialmente, foram encontradas 167 referências e, a partir da análise dos títulos e resumos, dez estudos perfizeram as características exigidas e foram considerados válidos para a realização desta revisão. Os estudos mostraram que a abordagem pelo debridamento ultrassônico pode ser terapia favorável ao tratamento da periodontite crônica. CONCLUSÃO: O tratamento da periodontite crônica por meio do debridamento ultrassônico periodontal de boca toda produz resultados clínicos semelhantes aos conseguidos na raspagem e no alisamento radicular convencionais.

INTRODUCTION: The full-mouth ultrasonic debridement seeks a more conservative instrumentation with light pressure of the root surface, preventing recolonization of periodontal pockets. OBJECTIVE: This study examined the effects of subgingival debridement through the use of ultrasonic devices on clinical periodontal parameters in the treatment of chronic periodontitis by a review of the literature. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Studies were selected on the bibliographic databases PubMed, Lilacs, Scielo, Medline and the Central Registry of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library). It was included English language publications with clinical studies of human intervention, randomized controlled trials that used ultrasonic debridement for the nonsurgical treatment of chronic periodontitis. RESULT: Initially, we found 167 references and analyzing the titles and ABSTRACTs totaled ten studies the characteristics required and were considered valid for the completion of this review. Studies have shown that the approach by ultrasonic debridement therapy may be favorable to the treatment of chronic periodontal disease. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that the treatment of chronic periodontitis by full mouth periodontal ultrasonic debridement produces similar outcomes to those achieved in conventional scaling and root planing.