Abstract This cross-sectional study investigated the association of SNPs rs670 (C>T) and rs693 (G>A) with parameters of lipid metabolism and endothelial activation in 167 subjects, including 86 COVID-19 outpatients and 81 healthy subjects (control group) matched for sex and age. Serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-c), triglycerides (TG), apolipoproteins (Apo A-I and B), and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) were determined. The SNPs were genotyped by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). A p -value<0.05 was assumed. COVID-19 outpatients showed increases in TC (187.0±48.3 vs . 160.8±32.0 mg/dL), LDL-c (110.3±41.5 vs . 98.8±28.2 mg/dL), non-HDL-c (138.3±45.8 vs . 115.6±31.6 mg/dL), TG (139.7±80.3 vs . 84.9±35.1 mg/dL), and Apo A-I (149.5±40.0 vs . 133.3±20.9 mg/dL), along with a high frequency of hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia. VCAM-1 levels were double those of the control (682.7±231.8 vs. 299.3±102.9 ng/mL) and a strong predictor of COVID-19 (AUC=0.946). Moreover, VCAM-1 correlated with TC (r = -0.223) and HDL-c (r = -0.225). The decrease in TG and VCAM-1 is predicted by the dominance of the T allele (rs670) and its codominance with the A (rs693) allele in COVID-19 outpatients. COVID-19 has been shown to be associated with dyslipidemias and endothelial activation, and apolipoprotein polymorphisms may influence this. crosssectional cross sectional rs rs67 C>T CT C (C>T rs69 G>A GA G (G>A 16 8 COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 group age TC, , (TC) highdensity density HDLc, HDLc HDL c (HDL-c) lowdensity low LDLc, LDLc LDL (LDL-c) nonhighdensity non nonHDLc, nonHDLc (non-HDL-c) TG, (TG) AI I B, B B) molecule1 molecule 1 molecule- VCAM1 VCAM (VCAM-1 determined qPCR. qPCR (qPCR) value<0.05 value005 value 0 05 -value<0.0 assumed 187.0±48.3 1870483 187 48 3 (187.0±48. 1608320 160 32 160.8±32. mg/dL, mgdL mg/dL mg dL mg/dL) 110.3±41.5 1103415 110 41 5 (110.3±41. 988282 98 28 2 98.8±28. 138.3±45.8 1383458 138 45 (138.3±45. 1156316 115 6 31 115.6±31. 139.7±80.3 1397803 139 7 80 (139.7±80. 849351 84 9 35 84.9±35. 149.5±40.0 1495400 149 40 (149.5±40. 1333209 133 20 133.3±20. hypertriglyceridemia VCAM- 682.7±231.8 68272318 682 231 (682.7±231. 29931029 299 102 299.3±102. ng/mL ngmL ng mL AUC=0.946. AUC0946 AUC AUC=0.946 946 (AUC=0.946) Moreover r 0.223 0223 223 -0.223 0.225. 0225 0.225 225 -0.225) (rs670 (rs693 this rs6 COVID1 COVID- (TC (HDL-c (LDL-c (non-HDL-c (TG (VCAM- (qPCR value<0.0 value00 -value<0. 187.0±48. 187048 18 4 (187.0±48 160832 160.8±32 110.3±41. 110341 11 (110.3±41 98828 98.8±28 138.3±45. 138345 13 (138.3±45 115631 115.6±31 139.7±80. 139780 (139.7±80 84935 84.9±35 149.5±40. 149540 14 (149.5±40 133320 133.3±20 682.7±231. 6827231 68 23 (682.7±231 2993102 29 10 299.3±102 AUC094 AUC=0.94 94 (AUC=0.946 0.22 022 22 -0.22 -0.225 (rs67 (rs69 (VCAM value<0. value0 -value<0 187.0±48 18704 (187.0±4 16083 160.8±3 110.3±41 11034 (110.3±4 9882 98.8±2 138.3±45 13834 (138.3±4 11563 115.6±3 139.7±80 13978 (139.7±8 8493 84.9±3 149.5±40 14954 (149.5±4 13332 133.3±2 682.7±231 682723 (682.7±23 299310 299.3±10 AUC09 AUC=0.9 (AUC=0.94 0.2 02 -0.2 (rs6 value<0 -value< 187.0±4 1870 (187.0± 1608 160.8± 110.3±4 1103 (110.3± 988 98.8± 138.3±4 1383 (138.3± 1156 115.6± 139.7±8 1397 (139.7± 849 84.9± 149.5±4 1495 (149.5± 1333 133.3± 682.7±23 68272 (682.7±2 29931 299.3±1 AUC0 AUC=0. (AUC=0.9 0. -0. (rs value< -value 187.0± (187.0 160.8 110.3± (110.3 98.8 138.3± (138.3 115.6 139.7± (139.7 84.9 149.5± (149.5 133.3 682.7±2 6827 (682.7± 2993 299.3± AUC=0 (AUC=0. -0 187.0 (187. 160. 110.3 (110. 98. 138.3 (138. 115. 139.7 (139. 84. 149.5 (149. 133. 682.7± (682.7 299.3 AUC= (AUC=0 - 187. (187 110. (110 138. (138 139. (139 149. (149 682.7 (682. 299. (AUC= (18 (11 (13 (14 682. (682 (AUC (1 (68 ( (6

ABSTRACT Soil fauna organisms participate in a series of processes that benefit the physical and chemical soil properties; however, little is known about their spatial variability and scale. This study aimed to characterize the spatial variability of soil fauna from multifractal and joint multifractal analysis in Brazilian Savanna areas. Pitfall traps collected soil fauna in two Savanna formations (dense Savanna and typical Savanna) in two transects with 128 points. Organisms were identified and classified into functional groups (Microphages, Pollinators, Predators and Social), and then Ind trap−1 day−1 (number of individuals per day in the sample) and Richness were determined. Data were analyzed using multifractal and joint multifractal analysis, and the scale indexes f(α,β) were generated for the singularity indexes of α(q,t) and β(q,t), considering Ind trap−1 day−1 and Richness as predictive variables. A total of 3456 and 1629 individuals were collected from T1 (dense Savanna) and T2 (typical Savanna), respectively. The singularity spectrum for soil fauna showed the greatest difference in dimensions D−10–D10 for the functional group Pollinator (D−10–D10 = 0.936) in T1 and for Social (D−10–D10 = 0.620) in T2, reflecting more heterogeneous systems. The joint multifractal dimension showed a high correlation between Ind trap−1 day−1 and the functional groups (Pollinators, Predators, and Social) in T1, demonstrating how phytophysiognomy of this experimental plot (dense Savanna) favors the presence of these organisms and reflects the spatial correspondence of the measurement values along the geometric support. Abundance of organisms (Ind trap−1 day−1) and Richness were promising variables to represent the set of relationships with the functional groups of soil invertebrate fauna. In general, multifractal analysis using abundance and Richness can assist in decision-making focused on conserving Savanna areas. properties however areas dense 12 points Microphages, Microphages (Microphages Pollinators Social, , trap1 trap 1 trap− day1 day− number sample determined fα,β fαβ f α,β α β f(α,β αq,t αqt q,t q t α(q,t βq,t, βqt β(q,t) 345 162 T Savanna, respectively D10D10 DD D 10 D10 D−10–D1 (D−10–D1 0.936 0936 0 936 0.620 0620 620 systems (Pollinators support general decisionmaking decision making fα αβ αq qt βq βq,t β(q,t 34 16 D10D1 D1 D−10–D (D−10–D 0.93 093 93 0.62 062 62 3 D10D 0.9 09 9 0.6 06 6 0.

RESUMO Na agricultura de precisão a determinação de zonas de manejo dos atributos de solo e planta, é um processo complexo que demanda o conhecimento de muitas variáveis, o que dificulta o processo de gestão e tomada de decisão. Este estudo avaliou a variabilidade espacial da produtividade da cultura da soja e de atributos químicos do solo por meio de análise multivariada e geoestatística para a determinação de zonas de manejo específico em um Latossolo. A produtividade de soja e os atributos químicos do solo nas camadas 0-0.2 e 0.2-0.4 m de profundidade foram amostrados em 70 pontos de amostragem. Análises geoestatísticas e multivariadas foram então realizadas. As propriedades químicas do solo apresentaram maior variabilidade na profundidade de 0,2 a 0,4 m. Os parâmetros do semivariograma dos dados da análise de componentes principais (PCA) (PCA 1, PCA 2 e PCA 3) para ambas as profundidades foram mais homogêneos do que os dados originais. Os mapas de propriedades químicas do solo apresentaram alta similaridade com o mapa de produtividade da soja. A ACP explicou 65,34% (0 a 0,2 m) e 70,50% (0,2 a 0,4 m) da variabilidade dos dados, agrupando a produtividade da soja, matéria orgânica, pH, fósforo, potássio, cálcio, magnésio e sódio. A espacialização do PCA permitiu a definição das zonas de manejo indicadas pelo PCA 1, PCA 2 e PCA 3 para ambas as profundidades. O resultado indica que a área deve ser manejada utilizando diferentes estratégias de manejo da fertilidade do solo para aumentar a produtividade da soja.

ABSTRACT In precision agriculture, determining management zones for soil and plant attributes is a complex process that requires knowledge of several variables, which complicates management and decisionmaking processes. This study evaluated the spatial variability of soybean yield and soil chemical properties using geostatistical and multivariate analyses to define management zones in an Oxisol. The soybean yield and soil chemical properties between 0 to 0.2 and 0.2 to 0.4 m soil depths were sampled at 70 points. Geostatistical and multivariate analyses were then performed on these data. The soil chemical properties showed higher variability at 0.2 to 0.4 m soil depth. The semivariogram parameters of the principal component analysis (PCA) data (PCA 1, PCA 2, and PCA 3) for both depths were more homogeneous than the original data. The maps of soil chemical properties showed high similarity to the soybean yield map. The PCA explained 65.34% (0 to 0.2 m) and 70.50% (0.2 to 0.4 m) of data variability, grouping the soybean yield, organic matter, pH, phosphorous, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sodium. PCA spatialization allowed for the definition of management zones indicated by PCA 1, PCA 2, and PCA 3 for both depths. The result indicates that the area must be managed using different strategies of soil fertility management to increase soybean yield.

ABSTRACT Breast sebaceous carcinoma is one of the rarest breast neoplasms, with less than 30 cases reported worldwide. Due to the rarity, the new WHO classification of breast tumors grouped these tumors among the ductal carcinoma. A detailed description of these cases is relevant due to the insufficient knowledge about the prognosis of this neoplasm. We report the clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical characteristics of a case of sebaceous carcinoma of the breast in an 81-year-old woman with a right breast nodule. The tumor was composed of nests of a varying mixture of sebaceous cells with abundant slightly vacuolated cytoplasm, surrounded by smaller oval-to-fusiform cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm without vacuolization. No lymph node metastases were present. The immunohistochemical reactions were positive for GATA3, EMA, CD15, and GCDFP15 (focal staining), and negative for RE, RP, and HER-2. The tumor was classified as triple-negative. Morphologically, the differential diagnoses included skin sebaceous carcinoma, lipid-rich carcinoma, apocrine carcinoma, and glycogen-rich clear cell carcinoma. Most of the previously reported cases were positive for RE and RP, which generally was associated with a better prognosis. However, some cases presented a more aggressive behavior with distant and lymph node metastases.

RESUMO Os solos possuem elevada variabilidade ao longo da paisagem, que pode ser avaliada e caracterizada por meio de conceitos de invariância de escala, fractais e multifractais. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a multifractalidade da RP de perfis verticais em diferentes formas do relevo (cδncavo e convexo). A parcela experimental possui 44,75 ha, e a resistência à penetração (RP) foi medida em 70 pontos de amostragem na camada de 0-0,6 m, distribuídos nas pedoformas cδncava (Tipo A: 38 pontos de amostragem) e convexa (Tipo B: 32 pontos de amostragem). A análise dos dados foi realizada utilizando o valor de RP a cada 0,01 m para os pontos de amostragem (RPmedia), e seus respectivos valores máximos (RPmaxima) e mínimos (RPminimo). A análise multifractal foi realizada para se avaliar as mudanças na estrutura, heterogeneidade e uniformidade dos perfis verticais por meio da propriedade de escala, caracterizando a função de partição, a dimensão generalizada e o espectro de singularidade. Os parâmetros multifractais da dimensão generalizada e do espectro de singularidade demonstraram maior homogeneidade e uniformidade dos perfis verticais de RP na pedoforma Tipo B (convexa), quando comparado a pedoforma A (cδncava). Os valores de RPmínimo na pedoforma A apresentaram a maior heterogeneidade de escala, indicando que em termos de manejo do solo, o monitoramento dos valores mínimos é mais relevante que os valores máximos. A análise fractal permitiu descrever a heterogeneidade dos dados em escalas não avaliadas pelos métodos análise convencionais, com elevado potencial para a prática da agricultura de precisão e delimitação de zonas de manejo específico.

ABSTRACT Soils are highly variable across landscapes, which can be assessed and characterized according to scale, as well as fractal and multifractal concepts of scale. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze the multifractality of the penetration resistance (PR) of vertical profiles from different slope forms (concave and convex). The experimental plot incorporated 44.75 ha, and the PR was measured at 70 sampling points in the 0-0.6 m layer, distributed in concave (Type A: 38 sampling points) and convex pedoforms (Type B: 32 sampling points). Data analysis was performed using the PR value (every 0.01 m depth) for each of the sampling points (PRmean), and their respective maximum (Prmaximun) and minimum (PRminimum) values. Multifractal analysis was performed to assess the changes in the structure, heterogeneity, and uniformity of the vertical profiles according to the scale, characterizing the partition function, generalized dimension, and singularity spectrum. The multifractal parameters of the generalized dimension and singularity spectrum demonstrated greater homogeneity and uniformity in the vertical PR profiles of pedoform B (convex) compared to those of pedoform A (concave). The minimum PR values in pedoform A (PRminimum) showed the greatest scale heterogeneity, indicating that in terms of soil management, it is more relevant to monitor the minimum values than the maximum values. The fractal analysis allowed us to describe the heterogeneity of the data on scales not evaluated by conventional analysis methods, with high potential for use in precision agriculture and the delimitation of specific management zones.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the multifractality of diversity indexes of edaphic fauna in areas with natural vegetation and in agricultural systems. Biological sampling was carried out in seven treatments (millet, maize, soybean, eucalyptus, preserved cerrado, disturbed cerrado and pasture), containing 130 pitfall traps, distributed in transects with 3 m of spacing between sampling points, totaling 390 m. The multifractal analysis was determined based on the moment method, where estimates such as the capacity dimensions, entropy and the correlation of the diversity indexes were calculated. The soybean area had greater Shannon diversity (2.69), however it had smaller abundance of individuals. The partition functions were adjusted with coefficient of determination > 0.90. The difference between D-10-D10, ranged from 0.080 to 1,707 for Pielou equitability in soybean cultivation, for richness in the area under the cultivation of eucalyptus. The singularity spectra expressed graphs with different degrees of heterogeneity for the soil fauna indexes, and the richness expressed the best structure. The area cultivated with soybean had a monofractal tendency, due to the homogeneous distribution of individuals of the edaphic fauna along the transect. The fractal analysis provided the description of patterns of variability that are not detected by classical methods.

Resumo O estudo analisou as manifestações de violência institucional na atenção em saúde às mulheres em situação de violência sexual. Pesquisa qualitativa baseada em entrevistas semiestruturas com 68 profissionais e 15 gestores atuantes em nove serviços da rede municipal de saúde em Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. A análise foi organizada em quatro temáticas: invisibilidade da violência sexual; violência no acolhimento à mulher; limitações estruturais, de medicamentos e de insumos; e atuação frente ao aborto legal. Os resultados revelaram o não reconhecimento da violência sexual como objeto de intervenção no setor saúde e um acolhimento à mulher marcado por omissões, falta de privacidade e atitudes discriminatórias. As condições estruturais e a escassez de medicamentos e insumos foram colocadas como limitantes para o atendimento. O aborto legal envolveu conflitos culturais, gerenciais e institucionais que favoreceram a violação de direitos. Conclui-se que a violência institucional no contexto da atenção às mulheres em situação de violência sexual extrapola questões de ordem subjetiva e de formação dos profissionais de saúde. E a oferta de uma atenção integral capaz de transpor a violência institucional requer que a gestão repense a configuração dos serviços da rede de atendimento e esteja próxima dos atores envolvidos.

Abstract The study analyzed the manifestations of institutional violence in health care for women in situations of sexual violence. This is a qualitative research based on semi-structured interviews with 68 professionals and 15 managers working in nine municipal health services in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. The analysis was organized into four themes: invisibility of sexual violence; violence in welcoming women; structural, drug and supply limitations; and action concerning legal abortion. The results revealed non-recognition of sexual violence as an object of intervention in the health sector and a welcome to women marked by omissions, lack of privacy, and discriminatory attitudes. Structural conditions and scarcity of drugs and supplies were mentioned as limiting for the service. Legal abortion involved cultural, managerial and institutional conflicts that favored the violation of rights. It is concluded that institutional violence in the context of care for women in situations of sexual violence goes beyond subjective issues and health professional training. And offering comprehensive care that can overcome institutional violence requires management to rethink the configuration of care network services and be close to the actors involved.

Resumo O estudo analisou as manifestações de violência institucional na atenção em saúde às mulheres em situação de violência sexual. Pesquisa qualitativa baseada em entrevistas semiestruturas com 68 profissionais e 15 gestores atuantes em nove serviços da rede municipal de saúde em Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. A análise foi organizada em quatro temáticas: invisibilidade da violência sexual; violência no acolhimento à mulher; limitações estruturais, de medicamentos e de insumos; e atuação frente ao aborto legal. Os resultados revelaram o não reconhecimento da violência sexual como objeto de intervenção no setor saúde e um acolhimento à mulher marcado por omissões, falta de privacidade e atitudes discriminatórias. As condições estruturais e a escassez de medicamentos e insumos foram colocadas como limitantes para o atendimento. O aborto legal envolveu conflitos culturais, gerenciais e institucionais que favoreceram a violação de direitos. Conclui-se que a violência institucional no contexto da atenção às mulheres em situação de violência sexual extrapola questões de ordem subjetiva e de formação dos profissionais de saúde. E a oferta de uma atenção integral capaz de transpor a violência institucional requer que a gestão repense a configuração dos serviços da rede de atendimento e esteja próxima dos atores envolvidos.

Abstract The study analyzed the manifestations of institutional violence in health care for women in situations of sexual violence. This is a qualitative research based on semi-structured interviews with 68 professionals and 15 managers working in nine municipal health services in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. The analysis was organized into four themes: invisibility of sexual violence; violence in welcoming women; structural, drug and supply limitations; and action concerning legal abortion. The results revealed non-recognition of sexual violence as an object of intervention in the health sector and a welcome to women marked by omissions, lack of privacy, and discriminatory attitudes. Structural conditions and scarcity of drugs and supplies were mentioned as limiting for the service. Legal abortion involved cultural, managerial and institutional conflicts that favored the violation of rights. It is concluded that institutional violence in the context of care for women in situations of sexual violence goes beyond subjective issues and health professional training. And offering comprehensive care that can overcome institutional violence requires management to rethink the configuration of care network services and be close to the actors involved.

ABSTRACT Soil beetles’ communities are responsible for many ecosystem services, and are very sensitive to environmental changes. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the abundance and diversity of the soil coleoptera fauna under uses and management and also to identify relationships of the beetle community with soil’s physical and chemical properties. The experiment had six experimental plots set up an Oxisol (Latossolo): corn (CO), soybean (SO), 7-year-old eucalyptus (EI), 4-year-old eucalyptus (EII), preserved Cerrado (PC), and disturbed Cerrado (DC). Soil beetles were sampled at 128 points for each experimental plot, where the soil physical and chemical properties were analyzed. The Coleoptera fauna organisms were identified at the family, subfamily, and gender level, and then, the number of individuals per day, richness, Shannon diversity indexes, and Pielou evenness were determined. The data were analyzed using multivariate techniques (hierarchical grouping and factor analysis). On total, 750 specimens of beetles were collected, distributed into 9 families, 14 subfamilies, and 27 genera. The most abundant family was Scarabaeidae (11 genera) with the highest occurrence in the PC (143 specimens) and DC (81 specimens). Cultivation with SO presented the greatest number of trap day individuals (ind trap-1 day-1 = 0.548); however, the highest diversity was found in the PC. (20 taxonomic groups) and CO (16 taxonomic groups). Shannon diversity was higher for the CO (H’ = 3.107), followed by the PC (H’ = 2.699), and the lowest value was found for the SO (H’ = 1.530). The similarity dendrogram grouped the plots into two extracts, demonstrating how the intensity of land use influences the abundance and diversity of beetle fauna. The factor analysis grouped the Coleoptera and the physical and chemical soil properties in two factors: elements related to the state of aggregation and porous system’s elements. The Coleoptera community was influenced by the intensity of land use and the portion with anthropized natural vegetation showed the highest richness, demonstrating that the Coleoptera fauna responds to environmental changes. Edaphic beetles in the different use and management systems were primarily related to soil physical properties, which explain the state of aggregation (pH, altitude, Ca2+, BD, clay, macroporosity, silt, K+, and microporosity) and the porous soil system (sand and total porosity).

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar o sentido do adiamento da detecção do câncer de mama, a partir de entrevistas com 26 mulheres que foram submetidas à mastectomia. Método: estudo qualitativo e fundamentado no interacionismo simbólico, com Análise de Conteúdo na modalidade temática, realizado em ambulatório de serviço público, numa capital do Nordeste brasileiro. Resultados: ante os relatos das participantes, emergiu a temática ‘sentidos atribuídos à procrastinação do cuidado da saúde mamária’. O significado dado pelas mulheres, aos motivos do adiamento do cuidado com a mama, perpassa pelas interfaces entre razões pessoais e dificuldades encontradas na Rede de Atenção à Saúde. Considerações finais: considera-se que a detecção precoce é retardada por medo do diagnóstico, barreiras pessoais, culturais e dificuldades nos serviços de saúde.

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the meaning of postponement of breast cancer detection based on interviews with 26 women who were submited to mastectomy. Method: qualitative study based on Symbolic Interactionism with Content Analysis in thematic modality, carried out in a public service outpatient clinic, in a capital city of Northeastern Brazil. Results: faced with the participants’ reports, the theme ‘meanings attributed to procrastination of breast health care’ emerged. The meaning given by women to the reasons for postponing breast care permeate the interfaces between personal reasons and difficulties found in the healthcare network. Final considerations: early detection is considered to be delayed for fear of diagnosis, personal, cultural barriers, and difficulties in health services.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar el sentido del aplazamiento de la detección del cáncer de mama a partir de entrevistas con 26 mujeres que fueron sometidas a la mastectomía. Método: estudio cualitativo fundamentado en el Interaccionismo Simbólico, con Análisis de Contenido en la modalidad temática, realizado en ambulatorio de servicio público, en una capital del nordeste brasileño. Resultados: Ante los relatos de las participantes, emergió la temática ‘sentidos atribuidos a la procrastinación del cuidado de la salud mamaria’. El significado dado por las mujeres a los motivos del aplazamiento del cuidado con la mama atraviesan las interfaces entre razones personales y dificultades encontradas en la red de salud. Consideraciones finales: la detección precoz es retardada por miedo al diagnóstico, barreras personales, culturales y dificultades en los servicios de atención a la salud.

RESUMO O solo é o habitat de vários organismos que desempenham funções essenciais para o ecossistema, cujo conjunto de funções e interações são modificadas pelas diferentes maneiras de ocupação do solo. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a diversidade da fauna edáfica em diferentes sistemas de ocupação do solo. O estudo foi desenvolvido em diferentes sistemas de ocupação do solo: milheto, milho, soja, eucalipto, cerrado preservado, cerrado antropizado e pastagem, onde foram instaladas 130 armadilhas do tipo pitfall por tratamento. Os organismos da fauna do solo foram identificados a nível de grandes grupos (ordens e família), e, depois, os índices de diversidade biológica: índice de Shannon, índice de Pielou, riqueza e abundância média e total. A maior abundância foi encontrada para milheto (9.974 indivíduos), e os menores valores de abundância foram verificados para soja (222 indivíduos) e milho (824 indivíduos), respectivamente. A distribuição uniforme dos grupos na área de soja, devido ao manejo homogêneo da área, proporcionou o maior índice biológico (H’=2,69). A análise de componentes principais (PCA) explicou no eixo principal 50,9% dos dados e no eixo secundário 34,6% dos dados. Os diferentes sistemas de ocupação do solo, apresentaram abundância e diversidade distinta, demonstrando como a ocupação do solo interfere sobre a dinâmica da fauna invertebrada do solo.

ABSTRACT Soil is the habitat for a number of living organisms that perform essential functions within the ecosystem; their functions and interactions are modified according to different ways of land occupation. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the diversity of edaphic fauna in different soil occupation systems. The study was carried out in different soil occupation systems: millet, maize, soybean, eucalyptus, preserved cerrado, disturbed cerrado, and pasture, with 130 pitfall traps installed per treatment. Soil fauna organisms were identified at the level of large groups (orders and family), and then examined under the following biological diversity indices: Shannon index, Pielou index, average and total richness, and abundance. The highest abundance was found under millet growing conditions (9,974 individuals), and the lowest abundance values were found in soybean soil (222 individuals) and maize (824 individuals). Uniform distribution of groups in the area with soybean crops, due to the homogeneous management of the area, provided the highest biological index (H'=2.69). Principal component analysis (PCA) explained 50.9% of the data along the main axis and 34.6% of the data along the secondary axis. The different systems of soil occupation showed different abundance and diversity, demonstrating how soil occupation interferes with the dynamics of the invertebrate soil fauna.

Abstract The state of Maranhão, located in northeastern Brazil, comprises three biomes: Amazonian, Caatinga, and the Cerrado. To date, 99 ant species have been recorded in the literature from the state. In the present work, we provide for the first time a profile of the ant fauna in the state based on data from the historical literature and Brazilian institutional collections. The updated records on ant diversity for the state of Maranhão revealed a total of 279 species, belonging to 71 genera and 10 subfamilies. In total, 180 species are recorded for the first time in the state, of which four species recorded for the first time in Brazil. In summary, apart from documenting the ant fauna of the region, these results provide a basis for further studies and may contribute to future conservation efforts for the biomes present in this complex landscape.

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the meaning of postponement of breast cancer detection based on interviews with 26 women who were submited to mastectomy. Method: qualitative study based on Symbolic Interactionism with Content Analysis in thematic modality, carried out in a public service outpatient clinic, in a capital city of Northeastern Brazil. Results: faced with the participants’ reports, the theme ‘meanings attributed to procrastination of breast health care’ emerged. The meaning given by women to the reasons for postponing breast care permeate the interfaces between personal reasons and difficulties found in the healthcare network. Final considerations: early detection is considered to be delayed for fear of diagnosis, personal, cultural barriers, and difficulties in health services.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar el sentido del aplazamiento de la detección del cáncer de mama a partir de entrevistas con 26 mujeres que fueron sometidas a la mastectomía. Método: estudio cualitativo fundamentado en el Interaccionismo Simbólico, con Análisis de Contenido en la modalidad temática, realizado en ambulatorio de servicio público, en una capital del nordeste brasileño. Resultados: Ante los relatos de las participantes, emergió la temática ‘sentidos atribuidos a la procrastinación del cuidado de la salud mamaria’. El significado dado por las mujeres a los motivos del aplazamiento del cuidado con la mama atraviesan las interfaces entre razones personales y dificultades encontradas en la red de salud. Consideraciones finales: la detección precoz es retardada por miedo al diagnóstico, barreras personales, culturales y dificultades en los servicios de atención a la salud.

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar o sentido do adiamento da detecção do câncer de mama, a partir de entrevistas com 26 mulheres que foram submetidas à mastectomia. Método: estudo qualitativo e fundamentado no interacionismo simbólico, com Análise de Conteúdo na modalidade temática, realizado em ambulatório de serviço público, numa capital do Nordeste brasileiro. Resultados: ante os relatos das participantes, emergiu a temática ‘sentidos atribuídos à procrastinação do cuidado da saúde mamária’. O significado dado pelas mulheres, aos motivos do adiamento do cuidado com a mama, perpassa pelas interfaces entre razões pessoais e dificuldades encontradas na Rede de Atenção à Saúde. Considerações finais: considera-se que a detecção precoce é retardada por medo do diagnóstico, barreiras pessoais, culturais e dificuldades nos serviços de saúde.

Resumo Analisou-se a qualificação de profissionais da saúde para a atenção às mulheres em situação de violência sexual em duas capitais brasileiras, em estudo qualitativo envolvendo 140 profissionais de diferentes categorias de 18 instituições de saúde em Fortaleza e Rio de Janeiro. Entrevistas semiestruturadas foram realizadas e o material empírico foi analisado segundo a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Lacunas na formação dos profissionais decorrentes da insuficiente abordagem do tema durante a graduação dos cursos da área da saúde foram observadas nos dois municípios. A fragilidade da qualificação profissional para esse tipo de atuação foi reforçada por lacunas nas ações de capacitação. No município do Rio de Janeiro essas ações mostraram-se mais frequentes e contínuas. Importante a inclusão do tema na formação profissional, a ampliação de processos de capacitação e a atualização das equipes de saúde nos serviços. Tais medidas podem viabilizar um entendimento crítico sobre o fenômeno, contribuindo para implementar intervenções diferenciadas.

Abstract We analyzed the training of health care professional for the care of women in instances of sexual violence in two Brazilian state capitals, in a qualitative study with 140 professionals of different categories working in 18 health care institutions in the cities of Fortaleza and Rio de Janeiro. Semi-structured interviews were performed, and the empirical material was analyzed according to the content analysis technique. Gaps in the training of the professionals due to an insufficient approach of this topic during the undergraduate studies in the field of health were observed in both municipalities. The weakness of the professional training for this kind of practice was reinforced by gaps in the training actions. In the city of Rio de Janeiro, these actions were more frequent and continuous. The inclusion of this topic in the professional training, the expansion of training processes, and the continuing education of the health care teams in the services are important. Such measures will make viable a critical understanding of this phenomenon, contributing to the implementation of diverse interventions.

Resumen Se analizó la cualificación de los profesionales de la salud para la atención de las mujeres en situación de violencia sexual en dos capitales brasileñas, en un estudio cualitativo abarcando 140 profesionales de diferentes categorías de 18 instituciones de salud en las ciudades de Fortaleza y Rio de Janeiro. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas y el material empírico se analizó de acuerdo con la técnica de análisis de contenido. En ambos municipios se observaron lagunas en la formación de los profesionales derivadas de un abordaje insuficiente del tema durante los estudios de grado en ciencias de la salud. La fragilidad de la cualificación profesional para este tipo de atención se vio reforzada por lagunas en las acciones de capacitación. En el municipio de Rio de Janeiro estas acciones demostraron una mayor frecuencia y continuidad. Es de suma importancia incluir este tema en la formación profesional, la ampliación de los procesos de capacitación y la actualización de los equipos de salud en los servicios de atención. Estas medidas pueden permitir una comprensión más crítica sobre el fenómeno, contribuyendo para implementar formas de intervención diferenciadas.

ABSTRACT Geostatistics allows the evaluation of the distribution pattern of data with high spatial variability in agricultural systems. This study aimed to evaluate the spatial variability of biological diversity indices of soil fauna under different land (agriculture and forest). Samples were collected in seven areas (millet, soybean, corn, eucalyptus, pasture crops, and preserved and disturbed Cerrado), in Maranhão state, Brazil. The soil fauna was caught trapped in pitfall traps, installed 3 m away from each other. In each area, 130 traps were maintained for seven days. After this period, they were removed and their content transferred to bottles and taken to the laboratory, where the insects were screened and identified at the level of orders and families. Eight indices were calculated, namely: individuals trap-1 day-1, Jackknife richness estimator, the Simpson, McIntosh, Shannon, and total diversity, and Simpson dominance, and Pielou equitability indices. The spatial variability was derived from the semivariograms fitted to Gaussian, spherical, and exponential geostatistical models. Statistical analysis showed medium values of the coefficient of variation for millet, except for the indices individuals trap-1 day-1 and McIntosh diversity, which were considered high. The values of the correlation matrix were negative for some indices, suggesting an inverse relationship. For millet, corn, eucalyptus, disturbed Cerrado, and pasture areas, the Shannon diversity index exhibited a pure nugget effect. For the areas of millet, corn, disturbed Cerrado and pasture, the total diversity index was adjusted to the Gaussian model. The degree of spatial dependence was considered high for the individuals trap-1 day-1 and Pielou equitability indices for millet. Only for soybean and pasture similarity in the scaled semivariograms was observed for the spatial variability of the indices, indicating similarity of performance. Soil management and land use affect the patterns of soil fauna abundance, richness, and diversity. The presence of groups such as Araneae, Diplura, and Poduromorpha are related to ecological equilibrium, quality, and sustainability of the agricultural systems studied.