Abstract The aim of the present study was to compare the oral conditions of children with congenital Zika syndrome (CZS)-associated microcephaly, non-CZS-associated microcephaly, and normotypical children, as well as to characterize their sociodemographic aspects and medical history. A paired cross-sectional study was carried out on 14 children with CZS-associated microcephaly and 24 age-matched controls, in Belo Horizonte, in southeastern Brazil. Children’s oral conditions were assessed: dental caries experience (dmft/DMFT indices); developmental defects of enamel (DDE) index; dental anomalies; mucosal changes; lip sealing, and malocclusion (overjet, overbite, and/or posterior crossbite alterations). The quality of oral hygiene was analyzed by the simplified oral hygiene index. The children’s mothers also answered a questionnaire about sociodemographic and medical history data. The variables were analyzed descriptively. Female participants were more prevalent (60.5%), and the mean age of the participants was 4.9 years (±1.4) (range: 2–8 years) and 92.1% of their exhibited some oral condition. All participants with CZS-associated microcephaly showed absence of lip sealing and had malocclusion (100.0%). When compared to the other groups, children with CZS had a higher percentage of dental anomalies (35.7%), mucosal changes (71.4%), and unsatisfactory oral hygiene (64.3%). In a sample composed mainly of female participants aged less than 5 years, the prevalence of oral conditions and unsatisfactory oral hygiene was higher in the group with CZS-associated microcephaly, followed by the group with non-CZS-associated microcephaly. Normotypical children had the highest percentage of dental caries experience. CZSassociated associated nonCZSassociated non crosssectional cross sectional 1 2 agematched matched controls Horizonte Brazil Childrens Children s assessed dmft/DMFT dmftDMFT dmft DMFT indices indices) DDE (DDE index overjet, overjet (overjet overbite andor or alterations. alterations . alterations) childrens data descriptively 60.5%, 605 60.5% , 60 (60.5%) 49 4 9 4. ±1.4 (±1.4 range (range 28 8 2– 921 92 92.1 condition 100.0%. 1000 100.0% 100 0 (100.0%) groups 35.7%, 357 35.7% 35 7 (35.7%) 71.4%, 714 71.4% 71 (71.4%) 64.3%. 643 64.3% 64 3 (64.3%) 60.5 6 (60.5% ±1. (±1. 92. 100.0 10 (100.0% 35.7 (35.7% 71.4 (71.4% 64.3 (64.3% 60. (60.5 ±1 (±1 100. (100.0 35. (35.7 71. (71.4 64. (64.3 (60. ± (± (100. (35. (71. (64. (60 ( (100 (35 (71 (64 (6 (10 (3 (7 (1

Abstract Treatment of oral vascular anomalies (OVA) has focused on minimally invasive techniques rather than radical surgery. We investigated the efficacy and safety of diode laser using the photocoagulation technique in the management of OVA. Forty-seven subjects with OVA were treated with forced dehydration with induced photocoagulation (FDIP) using diode laser (808 nm/4.5 W). This series consisted mostly of male (63.8%) and non-white (63.8%) patients with a mean age of 57.4 years. Varices (91.5%), venous malformations (6.4%), and hemangiomas (2.1%) with a mean size of 7.1 (±4.9) mm were the conditions treated. OVA presented as a nodular lesion (63.8%) involving mainly the lower lip (46.8%). Pulsed laser mode was used as standard and the number of applications varied from one to four sessions, with the majority requiring only one (83%) FDIP session. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that complete clinical healing can occur on the 15th day (n=9/29.5%), followed by the 20th (n=6/45.5%), and 30th (n=7/70.5%) days. Postoperative edema was observed in 31 (66%) patients, and recurrence of the lesion occurred in two (4.2%). Based on the data on complete clinical healing, minimal patient discomfort, and satisfactory esthetic results, we can confirm that FDIP by diode laser is a promising candidate for the safe and efficacious treatment of OVA. (OVA surgery Fortyseven Forty seven (FDIP 808 (80 nm45 nm 4 5 nm/4. W. W . W) 63.8% 638 63 8 (63.8% nonwhite non white 574 57 57. years 91.5%, 915 91.5% , 91 (91.5%) 6.4%, 64 6.4% 6 (6.4%) 2.1% 21 2 1 (2.1% 71 7 7. ±4.9 49 9 (±4.9 46.8%. 468 46.8% 46 (46.8%) sessions 83% 83 (83% session KaplanMeier Kaplan Meier th n=9/29.5%, n9295 n n=9/29.5% 29 (n=9/29.5%) n=6/45.5%, n6455 n=6/45.5% 45 (n=6/45.5%) n=7/70.5% n7705 70 (n=7/70.5% days 3 66% 66 (66% 4.2%. 42 4.2% (4.2%) discomfort results 80 (8 nm4 nm/4 63.8 (63.8 91.5 (91.5% 6.4 (6.4% 2.1 (2.1 ±4. (±4. 46.8 (46.8% (83 n929 n=9/29.5 (n=9/29.5% n645 n=6/45.5 (n=6/45.5% n=7/70.5 n770 (n=7/70.5 (66 4.2 (4.2% ( nm/ 63. (63. 91. (91.5 6. (6.4 2. (2. ±4 (±4 46. (46.8 n92 n=9/29. (n=9/29.5 n64 n=6/45. (n=6/45.5 n=7/70. n77 (n=7/70. (6 4. (4.2 (63 (91. (6. (2 ± (± (46. n9 n=9/29 (n=9/29. n6 n=6/45 (n=6/45. n=7/70 n7 (n=7/70 (4. (91 (46 n=9/2 (n=9/29 n=6/4 (n=6/45 n=7/7 (n=7/7 (4 (9 n=9/ (n=9/2 n=6/ (n=6/4 n=7/ (n=7/ n=9 (n=9/ n=6 (n=6/ n=7 (n=7 n= (n=9 (n=6 (n= (n

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of oral and maxillofacial lesions among children from representative regions of Brazil. A retrospective descriptive study was conducted. Biopsy records comprising the period from 2000 to 2015 were obtained from the archives of three Brazilian oral pathology referral centers. A total of 32,506 biopsy specimens were analyzed, and specimens from 1,706 children aged 0–12 years were selected. Gender, age, anatomical location and histopathological diagnosis were evaluated. Descriptive statistics was carried out. Likelihood ratio tests were used to evaluate the association between the categorical variables. The level of significance was set at 0.05. The post-hoc test was used to identify the subgroups that significantly differed from one another, and the Bonferroni correction was applied. A total of 1,706 oral and maxillofacial lesions were diagnosed in pediatric patients, including 51.9% girls. Oral mucocele was the most prevalent reactive/inflammatory lesion (64%). The most commonly affected sites were the lips (34.5%) and mandible (19.9%). A significant association was observed between age and the group of lesions of the oral cavity (p < 0.001), and between age and anatomical location (p < 0.001). Pediatric oral and maxillofacial lesions were frequent and showed wide diversity, with the prevalence of mucocele. Knowledge of oral lesions is important for pediatric dentists worldwide, since it provides accurate data for the diagnosis and oral health of children.