Abstract Objectives To investigate the associations between caregivers’ burden, family quality of life (QoL), and siblings’ QoL in Brazilian families of children with cerebral palsy, and to analyze siblings’ QoL using as a parameter the QoL of typically developed Brazilian children. Methods It was a cross-sectional study. The 212 families, 212 caregivers and 131 siblings completed the Family Quality of Life Scale, Burden Interview, and KIDSCREEN-27 Child and Adolescent Version and Parents Version questionnaires at a neurorehabilitation center in southeast Brazil. Univariable and multivariable models were used. Results Family QoL significantly worsened as caregivers’ burden increased (95 % CI -0.66 to -0.38). Caregivers’ burden was significantly lower with increasing family QoL scores (95 % CI -0.52 to -0.30). Self-reported siblings’ QoL was significantly worse than that of their typically developed peers (95 % CI -7.6 to -3.6). Self-reported siblings’ QoL was significantly lower as siblings’ age (95 % CI -2.52 to -0.59) and caregivers’ burden (95 % CI -0.35 to -0.05) increased. Parent-reported siblings’ QoL was significantly lower with increasing caregivers’ burden (95 % CI -0.45 to -0.16) and higher as family QoL increased (95 % CI 0.09 to 0.37). Conclusions The cross-sectional nature of these data precludes any statement of causality. Family QoL worsened with higher caregivers’ burden levels. Lower caregivers’ burden scores were associated with a higher family QoL. Siblings’ QoL was impaired as compared to typically developed peers, worse among older siblings, and as caregivers’ burden increased and better with higher family QoL levels. Future multicenter studies may validate the generalizability of the present findings. QoL, , (QoL) palsy crosssectional cross sectional study 21 13 Scale Interview KIDSCREEN27 KIDSCREEN 27 KIDSCREEN-2 Brazil used 95 (9 0.66 066 0 66 -0.6 0.38. 038 0.38 . 38 -0.38) Caregivers 0.52 052 52 -0.5 0.30. 030 0.30 30 -0.30) Selfreported Self reported 7.6 76 7 6 -7. 3.6. 36 3.6 3 -3.6) 2.52 252 2 -2.5 0.59 059 59 -0.59 0.35 035 35 -0.3 0.05 005 05 -0.05 Parentreported Parent 0.45 045 45 -0.4 0.16 016 16 -0.16 009 09 0.0 0.37. 037 0.37 37 0.37) causality levels Siblings findings (QoL 1 KIDSCREEN2 KIDSCREEN- 9 ( 0.6 06 -0. 03 0.3 -0.38 0.5 5 -0.30 7. -7 3. -3.6 2.5 25 -2. 00 -0.0 0.4 04 4 0.1 01 -0.1 0. -0 - -3. 2. -2 -3

Résumé L’objectif de cet article est d’analyser la stratification horizontale de l’enseignement supérieur au Brésil en mettant l’accent sur les cours d’Ingénierie, de Médecine et de Droit. Il s’agit de rechercher si ces territoires diffèrent selon le profil socio-économique de leurs diplômés et s’il y a eu des changements dans ce profil dans une période d’expansion rapide du système éducatif. Les résultats obtenus à l’aide de modèles multinomiaux et de régression logistique indiquent que ces cours présentent différents schémas d’inégalité selon la race, le sexe et l’éducation des parents. Le travail a identifié une diminution des inégalités pour la période analysée, mais avec des particularités importantes entre les zones et entre les types institutionnels. Les analyses renforcent les hypothèses selon lesquelles la stratification horizontale peut être un mécanisme de maintien des inégalités en période d’expansion des systèmes éducatifs et qu’elle devrait varier selon les groupes professionnels. Lobjectif L objectif danalyser d analyser lenseignement l enseignement laccent accent dIngénierie, dIngénierie Ingénierie, Ingénierie d’Ingénierie Droit sagit s agit socioéconomique socio économique sil il dexpansion expansion éducatif laide aide dinégalité inégalité race léducation éducation parents analysée institutionnels quelle qu elle professionnels

Resumen El objetivo del artículo es analizar la estratificación horizontal de la educación superior en Brasil con énfasis en los cursos de ingeniería, medicina y derecho. Se pretende investigar si esas áreas se diferencian de acuerdo con el perfil socioeconómico de sus egresados y si hubo transformaciones en ese perfil en un periodo de rápida expansión del sistema de enseñanza. Los resultados obtenidos a través de modelos multinomiales y de regresión logística indican que esos cursos presentan diferentes patrones de desigualdad de acuerdo con raza, sexo y escolaridad de los padres. Este trabajo identificó una disminución en las desigualdades para el período analizado, pero con particularidades importantes entre las áreas y los tipos institucionales. Los análisis refuerzan las hipótesis de que la estratificación horizontal puede ser un mecanismo de mantenimiento de las desigualdades en periodos de expansión de los sistemas de enseñanza y que varían de acuerdo con el grupo profesional. ingeniería derecho raza padres analizado institucionales profesional

Abstract This paper analyzes the horizontal stratification of higher education in Brazil, focusing on engineering, medicine, and law majors. It intends to investigate whether these fields of study differ according to the socioeconomic profile of their graduates and whether these profiles have changed in light of a recent and rapid expansion of the education system. Results from multinomial models and logistic regression indicate that these fields present different patterns of inequality according to race, gender, and parents’ education. Inequalities by institutional sector and the dynamics between years were also different in each field. The study found a drop in inequalities within the period analyzed, but with important specificities. The results reinforce the hypothesis that horizontal stratification may be a mechanism to maintain inequalities in periods of expansion of education systems and that it should vary according to the professional group. Brazil engineering medicine majors system race gender parents field analyzed specificities group

Resumo O objetivo do artigo é analisar a estratificação horizontal do ensino superior no Brasil com enfoque nos cursos de engenharia, medicina e direito. Pretende-se investigar se essas áreas se diferenciam de acordo com o perfil socioeconômico de seus concluintes e se houve transformações nesse perfil em um período de rápida expansão do sistema de ensino. Resultados obtidos através de modelos multinomiais e de regressão logística indicam que esses cursos apresentam diferentes padrões de desigualdade de acordo com raça, sexo e escolaridade dos pais. O trabalho identificou uma diminuição nas desigualdades para o período analisado, mas com particularidades importantes entre as áreas e entre os tipos institucionais. As análises reforçam as hipóteses de que a estratificação horizontal pode ser um mecanismo de manutenção das desigualdades em períodos de expansão dos sistemas de ensino e que deve variar de acordo com o grupo profissional. engenharia direito Pretendese Pretende raça pais analisado institucionais profissional

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Stroke is a major cause of mortality worldwide. Renal dysfunction is an important risk factor for stroke. Brazilian studies on stroke knowledge are generally population based. Studies stratifying stroke knowledge according to comorbidities are rare. Scientific data are essential to guide the awareness of stroke. OBJECTIVE: To assess stroke knowledge in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) on hemodialysis. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional analytical study of patients with CKD on hemodialysis in north-eastern Brazil. METHODS: A self-administered questionnaire survey on stroke awareness was administered to patients with CKD on hemodialysis between April and November 2022. The chi-square test and other descriptive statistics were used. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using logistic regression. RESULTS: A total of 197 patients were included in the analysis. The Brazilian acronym for stroke was used by 53.5% of the participants. Less than 10.0% of the sample showed optimal decision-making ability regarding stroke. Of the participants, 29.9% knew at least one risk factor and one symptom; however, this was considered as having below the minimum capacity because they did not know the emergency service call number. In the analysis adjusted for income and education, females (odds ratio [OR], 0.40%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.20-0.82), older patients (OR, 0.24%; 95% CI, 0.09-0.63) and having at most one comorbidity (OR, 0.48%; 95% CI, 0.23-0.98) were factors for lower levels of knowledge or ideal decision-making capacity against stroke. CONCLUSIONS: Patients on hemodialysis, especially women and older people, have little knowledge about stroke. BACKGROUND worldwide based rare OBJECTIVE (CKD SETTING Crosssectional Cross sectional northeastern north eastern Brazil METHODS selfadministered self 2022 chisquare chi square regression RESULTS 19 535 53 5 53.5 participants 100 10 0 10.0 decisionmaking decision making 299 29 9 29.9 symptom however number education odds OR, OR , [OR] 0.40% 040 40 95 CI [CI] 0.200.82, 020082 0.20 0.82 20 82 0.20-0.82) (OR 0.24% 024 24 0.090.63 009063 0.09 0.63 09 63 0.09-0.63 0.48% 048 48 0.230.98 023098 0.23 0.98 23 98 0.23-0.98 CONCLUSIONS people 202 1 53. 10. 2 29. [OR 0.40 04 4 [CI 200 0.200.82 02008 020 0.2 082 0.8 8 0.20-0.82 0.24 02 090 0.090.6 00906 009 0.0 063 0.6 6 0.09-0.6 0.48 230 0.230.9 02309 023 098 0.9 0.23-0.9 0.4 0.200.8 0200 0. 08 0.20-0.8 0.090. 0090 00 06 0.09-0. 0.230. 0230 0.23-0. 0.200. 0.20-0. 0.090 0.09-0 0.230 0.23-0 0.200 0.20-0 0.09- 0.23- 0.20-

ABSTRACT Root-knot nematodes cause a significant reduction in the productivity of the gilo due to physiological stress. Incorporating organic residue into the soil has a positive effect in reducing nematode infestation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of organic residue on the reproduction of Meloidogyne javanica and its role in the physiology of the gilo. One-litre pots, each containing one gilo seedling, were inoculated with 5000 eggs of M. javanica and the following treatments evaluated: 1) no inoculation and no residue (NIR); 2) NIR; 3) 12.5 g L-1 poultry manure; 4) 25 g L-1 cattle manure; 5) 20 g L-1 filter cake; 6) 5 g L-1 of the shoots of Tagetes patula; 7) 6.25 g L-1 of the shoots of Brassica oleracea var. capitata; 8) 20 mL L-1 vinasse and 9) 1 mL Abamectin-based commercial product (18 g L-1 a.i.). A randomised block design was used, with six repetitions. Gas exchange variables were evaluated 15, 30 and 45 days after inoculation with the nematode (DAI) and the vegetative and nematological variables at 60 DAI. The treatments that included cattle manure and filter cake afforded the best physiological rate and development in the gilo. The best results in controlling the nematode were given by the poultry manure, cattle manure and filter cake, reducing the reproduction of M. javanica by 41.76, 51.44 and 52.40%, respectively. Based on the results, poultry manure, cattle manure and filter cake are efficient in controlling M. javanica and show potential to be used in the integrated management of M. javanica in the gilo. Rootknot Root knot stress infestation Onelitre One litre pots seedling 500 M NIR (NIR) 2 3 125 12 12. L1 L L- 4 6 patula 7 625 6.2 var capitata 8 9 Abamectinbased Abamectin based 18 (1 a.i.. ai a.i. . i a.i.) repetitions 15 DAI (DAI 4176 41 76 41.76 5144 51 44 51.4 5240 52 40 52.40% respectively 50 (NIR 62 6. ( a.i 417 41.7 514 51. 524 52.40 41. 52.4 52.

ABSTRACT Shade-tolerant soybean genotypes will allow their greater adoption for use in agroforestry or intercropped systems in tropical and subtropical regions. These genotypes can be obtained from the selection of existing superior genotypes or through breeding programs. This study, was verified such genetic variability and select those genotypes with cultivation potential at reduced levels of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). Morphophysiological and yield characteristics of 16 soybean genotypes were evaluated in two experiments conducted in a controlled environment and laid in a randomized block design with three replications. Genetic parameters, correlations and genetic diversity were estimated and path analysis was performed. The soybean cultivars used showed genetic variability with a high variation index and heritability, which is advantageous for the selection of superior cultivars. Leaf area showed genotypic correlation and had a direct effect on seed weight per plant, regardless of shading. Additionally, the number of pods, hypocotyl diameter, and leaf area, all indirectly contributed to seed weight per plant regardless of shading. Seven genotypes (NS7780, NS8338, NS7667, NS7901, RK8115, CZ37B43 and 8579RSF) were selected based on genetic gain obtained by the Mulamba and Mock index at the two levels of PAR reduction tested. Furthermore, five of these genotypes (CZ37B43, RK8115, NS7901, NS8338 and 8579RSF) were identified by the Unweighted Pair-Group method Arithmetic Mean, as suitable either as a shaded crop or, as parental materials in breeding programs. Shadetolerant Shade tolerant regions programs study PAR. . (PAR) 1 replications parameters performed heritability shading Additionally pods diameter NS7780, NS7780 NS (NS7780 NS7667 NS7901 RK8115 RK CZB CZ B CZ37B4 8579RSF RSF tested Furthermore CZ37B43, (CZ37B43 NS833 PairGroup Pair Group Mean (PAR NS778 (NS778 NS766 NS790 RK811 CZ37B (CZ37B4 NS83 NS77 (NS77 NS76 NS79 RK81 (CZ37B NS8 NS7 (NS7 RK8 (NS

Abstract Background Congenital heart diseases (CHD) are one of the most prevalent malformations, and the screening tests to identify critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) is the pulse oximetry test, with subsequent investigation and treatment. Objective To quantify positive pulse oximetry tests and verify the prevalence of CCHD detected by it in asymptomatic newborns, ≥35 gestational weeks, in a Brazilian maternity hospital. Methodology This is an observational, retrospective, quantitative, analytical and cross-sectional study, conducted from October 2020 to May 2022, in a maternity hospital in southern Brazil, through the collection of records of positive oximetry pulse tests, following the norms of screening CCHD test of the Brazilian Society of Pediatrics (SBP), after they were evaluated with echocardiography for confirmation or exclusion of CHD. Results A total of 5,667 newborns were evaluated in this study, according to the inclusion criteria; 0.17% (n = 10) had a positive pulse oximetry test. Regarding the results of the echocardiography of the neonates with a positive test, two were normal, seven were cases of patent foramen ovale (PFO), and one was a case (0,017%) with interatrial communication (IAC) diagnosis. In the same period, five neonates with CCHD were born, symptomatic, diagnosed by physical examination, and referred to neonatal intensive care units (NICU) before taking the neonatal cardiac screening (< 24 hours of life). Conclusion The prevalence of positive pulse oximetry tests was 0.17% and none CCHD was detected. Five cases of CCHD were born in this period, but they were diagnosed before the recommend time to perform the screening test. CHD (CHD malformations (CCHD treatment 35 ≥3 weeks observational retrospective quantitative crosssectional cross sectional study 202 2022 Brazil SBP, SBP , (SBP) 5667 5 667 5,66 criteria 017 0 17 0.17 n 10 normal PFO, PFO (PFO) 0,017% 0017 (0,017% IAC (IAC diagnosis period symptomatic examination NICU (NICU < ( 2 life. life . life) 3 ≥ 20 (SBP 566 66 5,6 01 1 0.1 (PFO 0,017 001 (0,017 56 6 5, 0. 0,01 00 (0,01 0,0 (0,0 0, (0, (0

Abstract This study investigated microshear bond strength (µSBS) of two (2) dual-cured resin-luting agents (RelyX™ Ultimate and RelyX™ U200) when photoactivated through varying thicknesses of lithium disilicate, with or without thermal cycling. Discs of IPS e.max Press of 0.5, 1.5, and 2 mm in thickness were obtained. Elastomer molds (3.0 mm in thickness) with four cylinder-shaped orifices 1.0 mm in diameter, were placed onto the ceramic surfaces and filled with resin-luting agents. A Mylar strip, glass plate, and load of 250 grams were placed over the filled mold. The load was removed and the resin-luting agents were photoactivated through the ceramics using a single-peak LED (Radii Plus.) All samples were stored in distilled water at 37oC for 24 h. Half of the samples were subjected to thermal cycling (3,000 cycles; 5ºC and 55ºC). All samples were then submitted to µSBS test using a universal testing machine (Instron 4411) at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Data were submitted to three-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc test (α=0.05). The mean µSBS at 24 h was significantly higher than after thermal cycling (p<0.05). No statistical difference was found between resin-luting agents (p > 0.05). The mean µSBS for groups photoactivated through 0.5 mm ceramic were significantly higher than 1.5 mm and 2.0 mm (p < 0.05). In conclusion, increased ceramic thicknesses reduced the bond strength of tested resin-luting agents to lithium disilicate. No differences were found between resin-luting agents. Thermal cycling reduced the bond strength of both resin-luting agents. (µSBS (2 dualcured dual cured resinluting resin luting RelyX (RelyX U200 U disilicate emax e max 05 0 5 15 1 obtained 3.0 30 3 (3. cylindershaped cylinder shaped 10 1. diameter strip plate 25 mold singlepeak single peak Radii Plus. Plus oC 3,000 3000 000 (3,00 cycles ºC 55ºC. 55ºC . 55ºC) Instron 4411 0. mmmin min mm/min threeway three way posthoc post hoc α=0.05. α005 α α=0.05 (α=0.05) p<0.05. p005 p p<0.05 (p<0.05) 0.05. 005 0.05 0.05) 20 2. conclusion ( U20 3. (3 3,00 300 00 (3,0 441 α00 α=0.0 (α=0.05 p00 p<0.0 (p<0.05 0.0 U2 3,0 (3, 44 α0 α=0. (α=0.0 p0 p<0. (p<0.0 3, 4 α=0 (α=0. p<0 (p<0. α= (α=0 p< (p<0 (α= (p< (α

Resumo: Este estudo investigou a resistência de união ao microcisalhamento (RUµC) de dois (2) agentes de cimentação de resina dual (RelyX™ Ultimate e RelyX™ U200) quando fotoativados através de diferentes espessuras de dissilicato de lítio, com ou sem ciclagem térmica. Discos do IPS e.max Press de 0,5, 1,5 e 2 mm de espessura foram obtidos. Moldes de elastômero (3,0 mm de espessura) com quatro orifícios cilíndricos de 1,0 mm de diâmetro foram colocados sobre as superfícies cerâmicas e preenchidos com agentes de cimentação de resina. Uma tira Mylar, placa de vidro e carga de 250 gramas foram colocadas sobre o molde preenchido. A carga foi removida e os agentes de cimentação resinosos foram fotoativados através da cerâmica usando um LED de pico-único (Radii Plus). Todas as amostras foram armazenadas em água deionizada a 37oC por 24 h. Metade das amostras foi submetida a ciclagem térmica (3.000 ciclos; 5ºC e 55ºC). Todas as amostras foram então submetidas ao teste de RUµC usando uma máquina de teste universal (Instron 4411) com velocidade de 0,5 mm/min. Os dados foram submetidos à Análise de Variância três fatores e ao teste post-hoc de Tukey (α = 0,05). A média de RUµC em 24 h foi significativamente maior do que após a ciclagem térmica (p < 0,05). Não houve diferença estatística entre os cimentos resinosos (p > 0,05). As médias de RUµC para grupos fotoativados através de cerâmica de 0,5 mm foram significativamente maiores do que 1,5 mm e 2,0 mm (p < 0,05). Em conclusão, o aumento da espessura da cerâmica reduziu a resistência de união dos agentes de cimentação resinosos ao dissilicato de lítio. Não foram encontradas diferenças entre os agentes de cimentação resinosos. A ciclagem térmica reduziu a resistência de união de ambos os agentes de cimentação resinosos. Resumo (RUµC (2 RelyX (RelyX U200 U lítio emax max 05 0 5 15 1 1, obtidos 3,0 30 3 (3, 10 Mylar 25 preenchido picoúnico pico único Radii Plus. Plus . Plus) oC 3.000 3000 000 (3.00 ciclos ºC 55ºC. 55ºC 55ºC) Instron 4411 0, mmmin min mm/min posthoc post hoc α 0,05. 005 0,05 0,05) p 20 2, conclusão ( U20 3, (3 3.00 300 00 (3.0 441 0,0 U2 3.0 (3. 44 3. 4

ABSTRACT present study aimed to determine the effects of different light restriction levels (shading levels) on soybean genetic parameters using a Bayesian multi-trait model (MTM) and select high-yielding soybean cultivars. Eighteen commercial soybean cultivars bred in a soybean breeding program were evaluated over two agricultural seasons. Three shading levels were used over two agricultural crop seasons, giving six treatments (light restriction × crop season). The experiments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with six treatments replicated thrice. The genetic values and parameters were estimated using a Monte Carlo Markov Chain algorithm. Broad-sense heritability range from 0.2093 to 0.7153. The lowest genotypic variance estimate was observed at the 45 % photosynthetically active radiation level in the 2019/2020 crop season year compared with that of other shading levels. Furthermore, a 40 % selection intensity had the highest soybean yield under different shading levels. The Bayesian MTM combined with the factor analysis and genotype-ideotype distance method can be used to evaluate and select soybean genotypes considering different shading levels. The soybean cultivars 8579RSF, NS8338, NS7901, NS7667, RK8115, and 8473RSF had higher genetic potential than other cultivars under different shading levels. multitrait multi trait (MTM highyielding high yielding seasons season. . season) thrice algorithm Broadsense Broad sense 02093 0 2093 0.209 07153 7153 0.7153 4 20192020 2019 2020 2019/202 Furthermore genotypeideotype genotype ideotype 8579RSF RSF NS8338 NS NS7901 NS7667 RK8115 RK 0209 209 0.20 0715 715 0.715 2019202 201 202 2019/20 NS833 NS790 NS766 RK811 020 20 0.2 071 71 0.71 201920 2019/2 NS83 NS79 NS76 RK81 02 2 0. 07 7 0.7 20192 2019/ NS8 NS7 RK8

ABSTRACT Purpose To develop the validity step based on the response processes of the Spectrographic Analysis Protocol (SAP). Methods 10 speech therapists and 10 undergraduate students of the Speech Therapy course were recruited, who applied the SAP in 10 spectrograms, performed the evaluation of the PAE items, and participated in a cognitive interview (CI). The SAP was reanalyzed to reformulate or exclude items based on the responses. The chi-square test and the accuracy values were used to analyze the answers to the questionnaires and qualitative analysis of the CI data. Results the participants achieved accuracy > 70% in most items of the SAP. Only seven items achieved accuracy ≤ 70%. There was a difference between presence vs. absence of difficulty in identifying items in the spectrogram. Most participants had no problem identifying the SAP items. In the CI, only six items did not correctly identify the intention, verified in the qualitative analysis. In addition, participants suggested excluding five items. Conclusion After the validation step based on the response processes, the SAP is reformulated. Seven items were deleted, and two items were reformulated. Thus, the final version of the SAP after this stage was reduced from 25 to 18 items, distributed in the five domains. . (SAP) 1 recruited spectrograms CI. (CI) responses chisquare chi square data 70 vs spectrogram intention addition reformulated deleted Thus 2 domains (SAP (CI 7

RESUMO Objetivo desenvolver a etapa de validade baseada nos processos de resposta do Protocolo de Análise Espectrográfica da Voz (PAEV). Métodos foram recrutados dez fonoaudiólogos e dez alunos de graduação em Fonoaudiologia, que aplicaram o PAEV em dez espectrogramas, realizaram o julgamento dos itens do PAEV e participaram de uma entrevista cognitiva. A partir das respostas, o PAEV foi reanalisado para reformulação ou para exclusão de itens. Utilizou-se o teste Qui-Quadrado e os valores de acurácia para análise das respostas dos questionários, assim como análise qualitativa dos dados da entrevista cognitiva. Resultados os participantes obtiveram acurácia maior que 70% na maioria dos itens do PAE. Apenas sete itens alcançaram acurácia menor ou igual a 70%. Houve diferença entre as respostas de presença versus ausência de dificuldade na identificação dos itens no espectrograma. A maioria dos participantes não teve dificuldade na identificação dos itens do PAEV. Na entrevista cognitiva, apenas seis itens não obtiveram correta identificação da intenção, conforme verificado na análise qualitativa. Além disso, os participantes sugeriram exclusão de cinco itens. Conclusão após a etapa de validação baseada nos processos de resposta, o PAEV foi reformulado. Sete itens foram excluídos e dois itens foram reformulados. Dessa forma, a versão final do PAEV após essa etapa foi reduzida de 25 para 18 itens, distribuídos nos cinco domínios. . (PAEV) Fonoaudiologia espectrogramas cognitiva Utilizouse Utilizou se QuiQuadrado Qui Quadrado questionários 70 PAE espectrograma intenção disso reformulado reformulados forma 2 1 domínios (PAEV 7

The process of photosynthesis involves the absorption of light energy by photosynthetic pigments found in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts in order to produce chemical energy. In the presence of photosynthetic inhibitors, plant development is affected mainly by the reduction of the electron chain, which leads to growth inhibition. In this context, chlorophyll a (Chl a) fluorescence is an important technique used to identify the effects of inhibitors on the photosynthetic apparatus employing the JIP-test, which correlates the Chl a fluorescence transient to biophysical parameters, providing valuable information about the efficiency of photosystems I and II. Natural products have been highlighted as photosynthesis inhibitors due to the continued use of synthetic herbicides, which leads to the development of invasive plants resistant to these pesticides, in addition to the toxicity caused to humans and the environment. Thus, this review describes the main applications of extracts and isolated secondary metabolites obtained from plants and microorganisms in the investigation of electron transport inhibition on photosystem II. chain context JIPtest, JIPtest JIP test, test JIP-test parameters II herbicides pesticides environment Thus

Abstract Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome, also known as hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, is an autosomal dominant hereditary disorder. It is characterized by presence of multiple arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) and telangiectasias. This article reports two cases of patients with Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome who had pulmonary AVMs and underwent successful endovascular treatment. A brief review of the literature shows that up to 50% of patients with the syndrome have pulmonary AVMs and there is usually a positive family history in these patients. These pulmonary AVMs are multiple in 30% of cases and are associated with the most severe disease complications. Most patients are asymptomatic, even in the presence of AVMs with right-left shunts. When these shunts exceed 25% of the total blood volume, dyspnea, cyanosis, digital clubbing, and extracardiac murmurs may occur. Endovascular treatment is safe and offers control of complications from hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia and is currently the treatment of choice for these lesions. RenduOslerWeber Rendu Osler Weber disorder (AVMs telangiectasias 50 30 asymptomatic rightleft right left 25 volume dyspnea cyanosis clubbing occur lesions 5 3 2

Resumo A síndrome de Rendu-Osler-Weber, também conhecida como telangiectasia hemorrágica hereditária, é uma doença hereditária autossômica dominante. Ela é caracterizada pela presença de múltiplas malformações arteriovenosas e telangiectasias. Este artigo relata dois casos de pacientes com síndrome de Rendu-Osler-Weber que apresentaram malformações arteriovenosas pulmonares e foram submetidos a tratamento endovascular com sucesso. Uma breve revisão da literatura mostra que até 50% dos pacientes com a síndrome têm malformações arteriovenosas pulmonares e geralmente há um histórico familiar positivo nesses pacientes. Em 30% dos casos, elas são múltiplas e estão associadas a complicações mais graves da doença. A maioria dos pacientes é assintomática, mesmo na presença de malformações arteriovenosas com shunt direito-esquerdo. Quando esses shunts excedem 25% do volume total de sangue, podem surgir dispneia, cianose, baqueteamento digital e sopros extracardíacos. O tratamento endovascular oferece segurança e controle das complicações da telangiectasia hemorrágica hereditária, sendo atualmente o tratamento de escolha para essas lesões. RenduOslerWeber, RenduOslerWeber Rendu Osler Weber, Weber dominante telangiectasias sucesso 50 30 assintomática direitoesquerdo. direitoesquerdo direito esquerdo. esquerdo direito-esquerdo 25 sangue dispneia cianose extracardíacos lesões 5 3 2

ABSTRACT The Brazilian Health Ministry launched in 2019 a new financing policy for Primary Health Care, Previne Brasil Program, which has required municipalities to adapt. The research aim is to analyze the implementation of the Previne Brasil Program in a southern region county. Characterized as an analysis of public policies, the methodology included interviews and document analysis. The results were organized into six sub-themes: municipal law and the Program’s evaluation and monitoring commission; bonus system; changes in work processes; main difficulties; social participation; and future expectations for Primary Health Care. During the implementation of the Previne Brasil Program, significant changes can be observed in the work processes, stimulated by the goals and indicators established, and also by the transfer of resources to professionals through individual bonuses. By adopting a managerial perspective, the changes in the financing of Primary Health Care point to the detachment in relation to the Unified Health System principles and guidelines, such as universality, integrality and social participation. The Program’s implementation at municipal level can lead to the focusing of health actions, relativization of the local analysis of health situation and centralization of the planning processes. 201 adapt county policies subthemes sub themes sub-themes Programs s commission system processes difficulties participation established bonuses perspective guidelines universality actions 20 2

RESUMO Em 2019, o Ministério da Saúde lançou uma nova política de financiamento da Atenção Básica, o Programa Previne Brasil, que tem exigido a adaptação pelos municípios. O objetivo do presente estudo é analisar a implementação do Programa Previne Brasil em um município do Sul do País. A metodologia caracteriza-se como análise de políticas públicas, por meio de entrevistas e análise documental. Os resultados foram organizados em seis subtemas: lei municipal e comissão de avaliação e monitoramento do Programa; sistema de gratificações; mudanças no processo de trabalho; principais dificuldades enfrentadas; participação social; e expectativas futuras para a Atenção Básica. No processo de implementação do Programa Previne Brasil, observam-se mudanças significativas no trabalho das equipes, estimuladas pelo estabelecimento de metas e indicadores, e pelo repasse dos recursos aos profissionais na forma de gratificações individuais. Ao adotarem uma perspectiva gerencialista, as mudanças no financiamento da Atenção Básica apontam para o distanciamento em relação aos princípios e diretrizes do Sistema Único de Saúde como universalidade, integralidade e participação da comunidade. A implementação do programa em âmbito municipal pode induzir à focalização de ações em saúde, à relativização da análise local da situação de saúde e à centralização do processo de planejamento. 2019 municípios País caracterizase caracteriza se públicas documental subtemas enfrentadas social observamse observam equipes indicadores individuais gerencialista universalidade comunidade planejamento 201 20 2

Abstract This article aims to debate the environmental policy in the state of Minas Gerais based on observing the standards adopted and the territorial reflexes, highlighting how the relaxing the environmental licensing processes over the past few years has influenced the expansion of the frontier of mining activities to different mesoregions of Minas Gerais. Based on a literature review, documentary research and data available in the System for Consultations and Decisions on Environmental Licensing Processes from the State Secretariat for the Environment and Sustainable Development (SEMAD) and in the Spatial Data Infrastructure (IDE) of the State Environmental System (SISEMA) The text initially characterizes the institutionalization of environmental policy in Minas Gerais, and then analyzes the recent changes in the state’s environmental licensing. Lastly, the territorial implications are indicated by the advance of the frontier of the mineral sector and the corporate mining territories. The analyzes on the changes in licensing and the expansion of the mineral sector in the state cover the period between 2013 and 2022. reflexes review SEMAD (SEMAD IDE (IDE SISEMA (SISEMA states s Lastly territories 201 2022 20 202 2

Resumo O artigo tem como objetivo debater a política ambiental mineira a partir da observação das normas adotadas e de seus reflexos territoriais, destacando como a flexibilização ocorrida nos anos recentes, nos processos de licenciamento ambiental, influenciou a expansão da fronteira da atividade de mineração para distintas mesorregiões de Minas Gerais. A partir de revisão bibliográfica, pesquisa documental e dados disponíveis no Sistema de Consultas e Decisões de Processos de Licenciamento Ambiental da Secretaria de Estado de Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento Sustentável (Semad) e na Infraestrutura de Dados Espaciais (IDE) do Sistema Estadual do Meio Ambiente (Sisema) o texto realiza, inicialmente, a caracterização da institucionalização da política ambiental em Minas Gerais. Em seguida, analisa as mudanças recentes do licenciamento ambiental neste estado e, por fim, indica suas implicações territoriais, a partir do avanço da fronteira do setor mineral e dos territórios corporativos da mineração. As análises das mudanças no licenciamento e da expansão do setor mineral no estado abarcam o período entre 2013 e 2022. territoriais Gerais bibliográfica Semad (Semad IDE (IDE Sisema (Sisema realiza inicialmente seguida fim 201 2022 20 202 2

ABSTRACT: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a compound known for its direct action on the prostate. Prostatic morphogenesis is a critical period when interference by any compound could permanently damage the organ. As such, the present study evaluated the morphological aspects resulting from gestational and lactational administration of BPA, indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and genistein (GEN) in prepubescent male rats. Pregnant Sprague Dawley females were allocated into 4 experimental groups and received the following: C: Control (no treatment); B: BPA (10 µg/Kg); BG: BPA+GEN (5 mg/Kg); BI: BPA+I3C (20 mg/Kg) from gestation day (GD) 17 to postnatal day (PND) 21. After euthanasia on PND22, the prostate was collected and processed. When administered alone, BPA reduced the stromal compartment when compared to group C (P = 0.039). This decline was reversed in the groups submitted to GEN (P = 0.019) or I3C (P = 0.017). The groups treated with BPA (P < 0.0001) and the phytoestrogens (P < 0.0001) exhibited decreased epithelial height in relation to the control group. These changes were observed in stereological and morphometric analyses, but not in fractal analysis (P = 0.569). The area occupied by collagen increased in groups treated with BPA (P < 0.0001) and phytoestrogens (P < 0.0001) in relation to controls, while collagen distribution values were higher in all the treated groups (P < 0.0001), according to fractal analysis. Thus, BPA induced prostrate stroma remodeling with no influence from the phytoestrogens, which may affect glandular development and cause histopathological changes in adulthood. ABSTRACT (BPA organ such indole3carbinol indolecarbinol indole 3 carbinol IC I (I3C (GEN rats following treatment treatment) B 10 (1 µg/Kg µgKg µg Kg µg/Kg) BG BPAGEN 5 ( mg/Kg mgKg mg BI BPAI3C BPAIC 20 (2 GD (GD 1 PND (PND 21 PND22 processed alone P 0.039. 0039 0.039 . 0 039 0.039) 0.019 0019 019 0.017. 0017 0.017 017 0.017) 0.0001 00001 0001 analyses 0.569. 0569 0.569 569 0.569) controls 0.0001, , Thus adulthood BPAI 2 PND2 003 0.03 03 0.01 001 01 0.000 0000 000 056 0.56 56 00 0.0 0.00 05 0.5 0.

RESUMO: O Bisfenol A (BPA) é um composto conhecido pela sua ação direta na próstata. A morfogênese prostática é um período crítico e a interferência de qualquer composto pode acarretar danos permanentes a este órgão. Dessa forma, o presente estudo avaliou os aspectos morfológicos resultantes da administração gestacional e lactacional ao BPA, indol-3-carbinol (I3C) e genisteína (GEN) em ratos machos pré-púberes. Fêmeas prenhes da linhagem Sprague-Dawley foram divididas em quatro grupos experimentais e receberam: C: Controle; B: BPA (10 µg/Kg); BG: BPA+GEN (5 mg/Kg); BI: BPA+I3C (20 mg/Kg) do dia gestacional 17 até o dia pós-natal (DPN) 21. Após a eutanásia no DPN22 a próstata foi coletada e processada. O BPA quando administrado isoladamente ocasionou redução do compartimento estromal em comparação ao grupo C (P = 0,039). Essa redução foi revertida nos grupos que foram submetidos à administração de GEN (P = 0,019) ou I3C (P = 0,017). Os grupos tratados com BPA (P < 0,0001) e os fitoestrógenos (P < 0,0001) apresentaram redução da altura epitelial quando comparados com o grupo C. Tais modificações encontradas nas análises estéreo-morfométricas não foram evidenciadas pela análise fractal (P = 0,569). Verificou-se aumento da área ocupada pelo colágeno nos grupos submetidos à administração de BPA (P < 0,0001) e fitoestrógenos (P < 0,0001) em relação ao grupo C. Com relação ao padrão de distribuição dessas fibras, a análise fractal revelou maiores valores em todos os grupos tratados (P < 0,0001). Assim, verificou-se que o BPA induziu remodelação no estroma prostático, sem influência dos fitoestrógenos, o que pode afetar o desenvolvimento glandular e provocar alterações histopatológicas na vida adulta. RESUMO (BPA órgão forma indol3carbinol indolcarbinol indol 3 carbinol IC I (I3C (GEN prépúberes. prépúberes pré púberes. púberes pré-púberes SpragueDawley Sprague Dawley receberam Controle B 10 (1 µg/Kg µgKg µg Kg µg/Kg) BG BPAGEN 5 ( mg/Kg mgKg mg BI BPAI3C BPAIC 20 (2 1 pósnatal pós natal DPN (DPN 21 DPN2 processada P 0,039. 0039 0,039 . 0 039 0,039) 0,019 0019 019 0,017. 0017 0,017 017 0,017) 0,0001 00001 0001 estéreomorfométricas estéreo morfométricas 0,569. 0569 0,569 569 0,569) Verificouse Verificou se fibras 0,0001. Assim verificouse verificou prostático adulta BPAI 2 003 0,03 03 0,01 001 01 0,000 0000 000 056 0,56 56 00 0,0 0,00 05 0,5 0,