Abstract For good wound management, simultaneous phases during the wound healing process must be considered, including protection against infection, modulation of the inflammatory process, and proliferation and acceleration of cell migration. The aim of this study was to obtain Poly (Vinyl Pyrrolidone) (PVP) hydrophilic fibers containing polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) and hyaluronic acid (HA) using the electrospinning technique to improve chronic wound treatment. Polymers mean hydrodynamic radius and polydispersity index (PdI) were measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS), whereas fiber morphology and diameter were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Also, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and contact angle measurements were performed. Fibers were obtained and presented homogenous morphology with a smooth surface. The FTIR study demonstrated an interaction between C=O groups of PVP and HA/PHMB in the PVP + HA/PHMB fibrous composites. Contact angle analysis has shown a hydrophilic characteristic of fibers produced. These findings demonstrate the great potential of electrospinning for developing drug-delivery systems with antimicrobial properties for wound healing treatment. management considered infection migration Vinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP PHMB (PHMB HA (HA treatment PdI (PdI DLS, DLS , (DLS) SEM. SEM . (SEM) Also (FTIR performed surface CO C O HAPHMB composites produced drugdelivery drug delivery (DLS (SEM

ABSTRACT Alternative methods to the use of animals in research have been a global trend, mainly after the publication of the 3R’s principle (Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement), proposed by Russel and Burch. In the cosmetic sector, safety and efficacy assessments using animals have generated controversial debates. For this reason, in vitro research techniques are widely used to assess acute toxicity; corrosivity and irritation; skin sensitization; dermal and percutaneous absorption; repeated dose toxicity; reproductive toxicity; mutagenicity and genotoxicity; carcinogenicity; toxicokinetic studies; photo-induced toxicity; and human data. Although there are many methodologies described, validated, and widely used in the cosmetic area, the evaluation of the safety of cosmetic ingredients and products is still an expanding field. It needs global collaboration among regulatory agencies, universities, and industry, to meet several unmet needs in the fields of sensitization, carcinogenicity, systemic action, among other issues involving safety of users of cosmetic products. This review article will cover the currently most relevant in vitro models regarding irritation, corrosion, sensitization, mutagenicity, genotoxicity, and phototoxicity, to help to choose the most appropriate test for evaluating the safety and toxicity of cosmetic ingredients and products.

For the construction of the phase diagrams, the method of the aqueous titration was used. There were prepared 5 ternary diagrams, varying the surfactant and the oil phase. The liquid-crystalline phases were identified by polarized light microscopy. The formulations prepared with silicon glycol copolymer, polyether functional siloxane (PFS) and water (S1) and with diisopropyl adipate, PFS and water (S4) presented liquid-crystalline phases with lamellar arrangement. Moreover, after 15 days in hot oven (37 ºC), the formulations presented hexagonal arrangement, evidencing the influence of the temperature in the organization of the system.