RESUMO. A Bateria de Avaliação Frontal (FAB) e o teste de rastreio frontal do INECO (IFS) são dois instrumentos frequentemente utilizados para explorar déficits cognitivos em diferentes doenças. No entanto os estudos que relatam seu uso em pacientes com comprometimento cognitivo leve (MCI) são limitados. Objetivo: Comparar a sensibilidade e especificidade da FAB e IFS em comprometimento cognitivo leve (subtipo amnéstico de múltiplos domínios [md-aMCI]). Métodos: O IFS e FAB foram administrados a 30 pacientes md-aMCI e 59 participantes saudáveis. A sensibilidade e a especificidade foram exploradas usando a análise ROC. Resultados: A área sob a curva ROC (AUC) do IFS para pacientes com MCI foi de 0,82 (sensibilidade=0,96; especificidade=0,76), enquanto a AUC de FAB foi de 0,74 (sensibilidade=0,73; especificidade=0,70). Conclusões: Em comparação com o FAB, o IFS apresentou maior sensibilidade e especificidade para detecção de disfunções executivas no subtipo md-aMCI. O uso do INECO Frontal Screening (IFS) na prática clínica cotidiana, permitiria detectar com maior precisão as disfunções frontais em pacientes com deficiência cognitiva leve, possibilitando a intervenção precoce, impedindo a transição para alterações cognitivas mais graves.

ABSTRACT. The Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) and the INECO Frontal Screening (IFS) are two instruments frequently used to explore cognitive deficits in different diseases. However, studies reporting their use in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are limited. Objective: To compare the sensitivity and specificity of FAB and IFS in mild cognitive impairment (multiple-domain amnestic MCI subtype — md-aMCI). Methods: IFS and FAB were administered to 30 md-aMCI patients and 59 healthy participants. Sensitivity and specificity were investigated using the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results: The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of IFS for MCI patients was .82 (sensitivity=0.96; specificity=0.76), whereas the AUC of FAB was 0.74 (sensitivity=0.73; specificity=0.70). Conclusions: In comparison to FAB, IFS showed higher sensitivity and specificity for the detection of executive dysfunctions in md-aMCI subtype. The use of IFS in everyday clinical practice would allow detecting the frontal dysfunctions in MCI patients with greater precision, enabling the early intervention and impeding the transition to more severe cognitive alterations.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Social isolation and quarantine during COVID-19 pandemic are effective measures with the aim of safeguarding lifes. However, these measures bring an important cost for mental health. Monitoring psychological reactions derivative of movement´s obligatory restrictions during COVID-19 pandemics must represent a priority for all health systems. Objective: To analyze available evidence on the negative impact in mental health of quarantine and social isolation. Methods: It was carried out a bibliographic and documents review in digital data sources on the topic. Fort the search in English and Spanish the following words were used: quarantine, social isolation, psychological impact, psychological reaction. The search was made in Scopus, EBSCO Health, PubMed (search engine), SciELO and PsycINFO focusing in original articles and systematic reviews. For data collection, it was made an instructional sheet and for its use it was applied direct content analysis. Conclusions: Actions like to keep the population informed, to facilitate access to feedback channels, to guarantee basic supplies and to facilitate strategies for coping with stress allow to minimize the negative impacts of a quarantine period. Difficulties associated to COVID-19 will not end 28 days after the last diagnosed case. When that moment comes it will be time for a short brake, but there will be still a lot to do.

RESUMEN Introducción: El aislamiento social y la cuarentena durante la pandemia de COVID-19 constituyen medidas efectivas con el objetivo de salvaguardar vidas. Sin embargo, estas medidas traen consigo un importante costo para la salud mental. El monitoreo de las reacciones psicológicas derivadas de las restricciones obligatorias de movimiento durante la pandemia de COVID-19, debe constituir una prioridad para los sistemas de salud. Objetivo: Analizar la evidencia disponible sobre el impacto negativo de la cuarentena y el aislamiento social en la salud mental. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica y documental sobre el tema en fuentes de datos digitales. Para la búsqueda se utilizaron, en inglés y español, las siguientes palabras claves: cuarentena, aislamiento social, impacto psicológico, reacción psicológica. Las consultas se realizaron en Scopus, EBSCO Health, PubMed (buscador), SciELO y PsycINFO, con énfasis en artículos originales y revisiones sistemáticas. Para la recolección de los datos se elaboró una ficha instructiva y para su tratamiento se aplicó el análisis de contenido de tipo directo. Conclusiones: Acciones tales como mantener a la población informada, facilitar canales de retroalimentación, garantizar los suministros básicos y facilitar estrategias de afrontamiento al estrés permiten minimizar los efectos negativos de un periodo de cuarentena. Las dificultades asociadas a la COVID-19 no concluirán 28 días después del último caso diagnosticado. Cuando llegue ese momento, se podrá tomar un respiro breve, pero faltará todavía mucho por hacer.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Social isolation and quarantine during COVID-19 pandemic are effective measures with the aim of safeguarding lifes. However, these measures bring an important cost for mental health. Monitoring psychological reactions derivative of movement´s obligatory restrictions during COVID-19 pandemics must represent a priority for all health systems. Objective: To analyze available evidence on the negative impact in mental health of quarantine and social isolation. Methods: It was carried out a bibliographic and documents review in digital data sources on the topic. Fort the search in English and Spanish the following words were used: quarantine, social isolation, psychological impact, psychological reaction. The search was made in Scopus, EBSCO Health, PubMed (search engine), SciELO and PsycINFO focusing in original articles and systematic reviews. For data collection, it was made an instructional sheet and for its use it was applied direct content analysis. Conclusions: Actions like to keep the population informed, to facilitate access to feedback channels, to guarantee basic supplies and to facilitate strategies for coping with stress allow to minimize the negative impacts of a quarantine period. Difficulties associated to COVID-19 will not end 28 days after the last diagnosed case. When that moment comes it will be time for a short brake, but there will be still a lot to do.

RESUMEN Introducción: El aislamiento social y la cuarentena durante la pandemia de COVID-19 constituyen medidas efectivas con el objetivo de salvaguardar vidas. Sin embargo, estas medidas traen consigo un importante costo para la salud mental. El monitoreo de las reacciones psicológicas derivadas de las restricciones obligatorias de movimiento durante la pandemia de COVID-19, debe constituir una prioridad para los sistemas de salud. Objetivo: Analizar la evidencia disponible sobre el impacto negativo de la cuarentena y el aislamiento social en la salud mental. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica y documental sobre el tema en fuentes de datos digitales. Para la búsqueda se utilizaron, en inglés y español, las siguientes palabras claves: cuarentena, aislamiento social, impacto psicológico, reacción psicológica. Las consultas se realizaron en Scopus, EBSCO Health, PubMed (buscador), SciELO y PsycINFO, con énfasis en artículos originales y revisiones sistemáticas. Para la recolección de los datos se elaboró una ficha instructiva y para su tratamiento se aplicó el análisis de contenido de tipo directo. Conclusiones: Acciones tales como mantener a la población informada, facilitar canales de retroalimentación, garantizar los suministros básicos y facilitar estrategias de afrontamiento al estrés permiten minimizar los efectos negativos de un periodo de cuarentena. Las dificultades asociadas a la COVID-19 no concluirán 28 días después del último caso diagnosticado. Cuando llegue ese momento, se podrá tomar un respiro breve, pero faltará todavía mucho por hacer.