OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pathogenesis of bloodstream infection by Staphylococcus epidermidis, using the molecular epidemiology, in high-risk neonates. METHODS: We conducted a prospective study of a cohort of neonates with bloodstream infection using central venous catheters for more than 24 h. "National Healthcare Safety Network" surveillance was conducted. Genotyping was performed by DNA fingerprinting and mecA genes and icaAD were detected by multiplex-PCR. RESULTS: From April 2006 to April 2008, the incidence of bloodstream infection and central venous catheter-associated bloodstream infection was 15.1 and 13.0/1000 catheter days, respectively, with S. epidermidis accounting for 42.9% of episodes. Molecular analysis was used to document the similarity among six isolates of bloodstream infection by S. epidermidis from cases with positive blood and central venous catheter tip cultures. Fifty percent of neonates had bloodstream infection not identified as definite or probable central venous catheter-related bloodstream infection. Only one case was considered as definite central venous catheter-related bloodstream infection and was extraluminally acquired; the remaining were considered probable central venous catheter-related bloodstream infections, with one probable extraluminally and another probable intraluminally acquired bloodstream infection. Additionally, among mecA+ and icaAD+ samples, one clone (A) was predominant (80%). A polyclonal profile was found among sensitive samples that were not carriers of the icaAD gene. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of infections caused by S. epidermidis in neonates had an unknown origin, although 33.3% appeared to have been acquired intraluminally and extraluminally. We observed a polyclonal profile between sensitive samples and a prevalent clone (A) between resistant samples.

Os paragangliomas do corpo carotídeo são lesões incomuns, embora representem a maioria dos paragangliomas da cabeça e pescoço. A presença de lesão bilateral é rara. Os autores apresentam um caso de paraganglioma bilateral, dando ênfase aos aspectos clínicos, diagnósticos e tratamento.

Carotid body paragangliomas are uncommon lesions although in the head and neck region, these lesions are the most frequent ones. Bilateral lesions are rare. The authors present a case of bilateral paraganglioma, its clinical aspects, diagnosis and treatment.

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o parasitismo do nematóide Deladenus siricidicola,Bedding (Neotylenchidae)em adultos de Sirex noctilio, Fabricius, 1793 (Hymenoptera: Siricidae). Foram utilizados toretes de 0,80 cm de comprimento, retirados do terço médio de árvores de Pinus taeda atacadas por Sirex noctilio e inoculadas com Deladenus siricidicola. Os toretes possuíam diâmetro entre 15-20 cm, de acordo com a idade das árvores. As amostras foram acondicionadas em gaiolas ou tonéis vedados com tela de nylon e seguros por cintas de borracha, permanecendo em observação diária até a emergência dos insetos adultos. Os insetos foram trasportados em recipientes plásticos para o laboratório, onde foram seccionados e dissecados sob microscópio estereoscópico, para a verificação da ocorrência ou não do nematóide. Foram avaliadas nove das dez unidades inicialmente propostas. Nestas, foram analisados 1.810 insetos adultos, sendo 1.441 machos e 369 fêmeas. O parasitismo pelo nematóide foi verificado em 267 machos e 74 fêmeas, em um total de 341 insetos parasitados, com uma porcentagem de parasitismo de 18,84%.

This work aimed to evaluate the Deladenus siricidicola, Bedding (Neotylenchidae)parasitism in adults Sirex noctilio, Fabricius, 1793 (Hymenoptera: Siricidae). Timber was sampled by cutting out pieces of 0.80 m in length in Sirex noctilio attacked and Deladenus siricidicola inoculated Pinus taeda. Longs were 15-20 cm in diameter, according to the tree age. Samples were packed in gauze-cages, for daily observations, till S. noctilio adults emergence. The emerged insects were transported, in plastic containers to the laboratory, where they were sectioned and dissected under stereoscopic microscopy to observ the nematode occurrence. From the initially proposed ten units, nine of them were evaluated in a total of 1,810 emerged adult insects, being 1,441 males and 369 females. Nematode parasitism was shown in 267 males and 74 females, in a total of 341 infected insects (18.84%).