Pesquisa | SciELO

BACKGROUND Although blood transfusion is an essential therapeutic procedure, it can present risks, including transmitting infectious diseases, such as malaria. In Acre, the thick blood smear microscopic examination (TBS) is used to screen infected malaria blood donors. However, TBS has low sensitivity for detecting Plasmodium in situations of low parasitaemia, such as those presented by asymptomatic clinically healthy individuals. OBJECTIVES To investigate the pertinence of using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect malarial infection for screening blood donors in Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre, an endemic high-risk malaria area in the Legal Amazon. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among individuals eligible and ineligible to be blood donors, according to clinical and epidemiological criteria. Besides the mandatory screening of HCV, HBV, and HIV tests, malaria PCR and TBS were also carried out on all blood donor candidates who attended the Cruzeiro do Sul Blood Centre from July to September 2022. FINDINGS Of the 230 participants, 209 (91%) were eligible for blood donation by clinical-epidemiological screening. Surprisingly, no blood donor candidate reported a history of malaria. All TBS microscopic tests were negative at the time of recruitment. However, samples from four blood donor candidates (two eligible by clinical and epidemiological malaria criteria and two ineligible by hypertension and recent tattoo) were positive by Plasmodium and P. vivax molecular tests. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Malaria molecular techniques for screening blood donors should be introduced in the Brazilian Blood Centres to maximise recipient safety. Furthermore, selecting zero-risk donors could pave the way to build a transmissible malaria-free environment in the blood bank context in the near future. procedure risks diseases Acre (TBS However parasitaemia (PCR highrisk high risk Amazon crosssectional cross sectional HCV HBV 2022 23 participants 20 91% 91 (91% clinicalepidemiological Surprisingly recruitment tattoo P safety Furthermore zerorisk zero malariafree free future 202 2 9 (91 (9 (

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760240109

Analysis of Cannabinoids in Medicinal Cannabis Products: A Comprehensive Review Products
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Herrera, Julieth G.

; Rolim, Larissa A.

; Honorato, Ricardo S.

; Pimentel, Maria Fernanda

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2024, Volume 35 Nº 10 elocation e-20240129

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Cannabis plant has been known for its medicinal use for centuries. Recent research into its pharmacology has revealed medicinal properties, promoting the use of cannabis for therapeutic purposes and consequently the growth in the production of medicinal cannabis-based products. The potency of cannabinoids in products for therapeutic purposes is essential to assess their effects on health. Medicinal cannabis products, based on extracts from the cannabis plant, however, lack standardization in both preparation and quality control. In this review, chromatographic methods and alternative strategies are described for qualitative and quantitative analysis of cannabinoids in cannabis-based products. The direct application of portable spectroscopic techniques on cannabis farms for monitoring plant growth is also reported. Finally, a special section has been dedicated to the use of chemometric tools that have been employed in the field of cannabis including methods utilizing chemometric tools such as exploratory analysis, multivariate classification, and calibration. centuries properties cannabisbased health however control review reported Finally classification calibration

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20240129

Development of spectroscopic methods for assessing polymorphic content of efavirenz
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Rosa, Talita Atanazio

; Oliveira, Marcos Victor Gregório de

; França, Leandro de Moura

; Lima, Maria Joanellys dos Santos

; Silva, Pollyne Amorim

; Silva, Rosali Maria Ferreira da

; Rolim, Larissa Araújo

; Pimentel, Maria Fernanda

; Rolim Neto, Pedro José

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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2024, Volume 60 elocation e23487

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The present work aimed to develop a new method for assessing the content of mixtures of polymorphic forms I and II of the drug Efavirenz (EFV) by vibrational spectroscopic techniques such as Middle (MIR) and Near (NIR) infrared and Raman, using multivariate calibration models. Benchtop and handheld instruments were used for NIR and Raman and a benchtop instrument for MIR. In addition, VIP scores and iPLS, variable selection methods were employed. The infrared techniques showed the best models, with Root Mean Squares Error (RMSE) around 5% (w/w). When MIR and portable NIR instruments were used, this value was lowered to 4% (w/w) with selection of variables by iPLS. Raman spectroscopy showed higher error, even with selection of variables, possibly due to the spot laser size used by instruments and the lack of uniformity of the particle size in the samples. The infrared methods developed were shown to be effective in quantifying polymorphic mixtures of EFV. Given the ease of use of handheld instruments, they may be applied as tools of process analytical technology for monitoring quality control during industrial processing. EFV (EFV (MIR (NIR models addition iPLS employed RMSE (RMSE 5 w/w. ww w/w . w 4 (w/w error samples processing

https://doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902024e23487

Evaluation of the public health laboratory network for tegumentary leishmaniasis in an endemic area of Brazil
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Medeiros, Fernanda Alvarenga Cardoso

; Souza Filho, Job Alves

; Pimentel, Maria Inês Fernandes

; Reis, Ilka Afonso

; Menezes-Souza, Daniel

; Silva, Aline Fagundes da

; Marcelino, Andreza Pain

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2024, Volume 66 elocation e70

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Diagnostic networks ensure efficiency in disease diagnosis. A descriptive study evaluated the network of public health laboratories (NPHL) in Minas Gerais State, Brazil, using diagnostic results for tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) from the laboratory management system in 2017–2020. Out of 1,369 individuals analyzed, 704 (51.4%) cases of TL were confirmed, with 610 (86.7%) by direct parasitological examination (DPE) and 94 (13.4%) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Notably, 25.3% of cases with DPE-negative results were PCR-positive. Consecutive diagnostic tests enhanced diagnosis of TL. NPHL-MG is a promising model for expanding similar networks and improving disease control. NPHL (NPHL State Brazil (TL 20172020 2017 2020 2017–2020 1369 1 369 1,36 analyzed 70 51.4% 514 51 4 (51.4% confirmed 61 86.7% 867 86 7 (86.7% DPE (DPE 9 13.4% 134 13 (13.4% PCR. PCR . (PCR) Notably 253 25 3 25.3 DPEnegative negative PCRpositive. PCRpositive positive. positive PCR-positive NPHLMG MG control 2017202 201 202 2017–202 136 36 1,3 51.4 5 (51.4 6 86.7 8 (86.7 13.4 (13.4 (PCR 2 25. 201720 20 2017–20 1, 51. (51. 86. (86. 13. (13. 20172 2017–2 (51 (86 (13 2017– (5 (8 (1 (

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202466070

Determination of Total Mercury in Spanish Samples of Baby Food, Fast Food, and Daily Meal Food
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Silva, Maria J. da

; Paim, Ana Paula S.

; Silva, Iago J. S. da

; Pimentel, Maria Fernanda

; Cervera, Maria Luisa

; Guardia, Miguel de la

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Abr 2023, Volume 34 Nº 4 Páginas 517 - 526

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

This study determined the levels of total mercury in Spanish samples of baby food, fast food, and daily meal, which people of different ages consume, to evaluate potential toxicological risks through the contribution to the tolerable daily intake (TDI). The total mercury concentrations were determined in thirteen commercial baby foods for infants 6 to 12 months old, six types of fast foods prepared for children, and nine canteen menus prepared for adults. Samples were analyzed using a direct mercury analyzer, and the following concentration ranges were found: baby food (0.57-41.9 µg kg-1), fast food (0.54-68 µg kg-1), and adult menus (0.43-638 µg kg-1). The recovery of different amounts of spiked mercury ranged from 98.6 to 104.9%, and the method’s accuracy was checked with an analysis of different certified reference materials. The limits of detection and quantification obtained were 0.1 and 0.3 µg kg-1, respectively, with a relative standard deviation of up to 11%. The contribution of the samples to the TDI varied as follows: baby food (0.3-28%), fast food (0.5-102%), and adult menus (0.3-396%). Therefore, it was concluded that total mercury daily intake does not pose risks for Spanish children and adults if tuna is not included on their menu. meal consume TDI. . (TDI) 1 old analyzer found 0.5741.9 057419 0.57 41.9 0 57 41 9 (0.57-41. kg1, kg1 kg , kg-1) 0.5468 05468 0.54 68 54 (0.54-6 0.43638 043638 0.43 638 43 (0.43-63 kg1. 986 98 98. 1049 104 104.9% methods method s materials 01 0. 03 3 1, kg-1 respectively 11 11% follows 0.328%, 0328 28% 28 (0.3-28%) 0.5102%, 05102 0.5 102% 5 102 (0.5-102%) 0.3396%. 03396 396% 396 (0.3-396%) Therefore menu (TDI 5741 0.5741. 05741 057 419 41. 4 (0.57-41 5468 0.546 0546 054 (0.54- 43638 0.4363 04363 043 0.4 63 (0.43-6 10 104.9 kg- 328 0.328% 032 2 (0.3-28% 5102 0.5102% 0510 05 (0.5-102% 3396 0.3396% 0339 39 (0.3-396% 574 0.5741 0574 (0.57-4 546 (0.54 4363 0.436 0436 04 (0.43- 104. 32 0.328 (0.3-28 510 0.5102 051 (0.5-102 339 0.3396 033 (0.3-396 0.574 (0.57- (0.5 436 (0.43 0.32 (0.3-2 51 0.510 (0.5-10 33 0.339 (0.3-39 (0.57 (0. (0.4 (0.3- 0.51 (0.5-1 0.33 (0.3-3 (0 (0.3 (0.5- (

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220125

Análise da fluência por compressão no isolamento ao ruído de impacto de placas cimentícias com resíduo de EVA
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Santos, Fabianne Azevedo dos

; Melo, Aluísio Braz de

; Pimentel, Roberto Leal

; Oliveira, Maria Fernanda de

Ambiente Construído

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Dez 2022, Volume 22 Nº 1 Páginas 125 - 138

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Os ruídos de impacto nas edificações multipavimentos são reduzidos com a execução de piso flutuante, caracterizado pela inclusão de um material resiliente entre o contrapiso e a laje. Nesse estudo, buscou-se avaliar a influência da compressão desse material no desempenho acústico do sistema. Dois materiais resilientes foram comparados, um produzido em laboratório (placas cimentícias com resíduos EVA -PEVA1,8), e outro comercial (manta recicladas de resíduos PET - MantaPET). As medições visando relacionar a rigidez dinâmica dos materiais e o desempenho acústico ocorreram em três anos. Adicionalmente, foram feitas estimativas de comportamento para dez anos, baseando-se em modelos teóricos e teste de fluência à compressão. Enquanto a PEVA1,8 apresentou redução em sua rigidez dinâmica (20,0MN/m³ para 17,7 MN/m³) ao longo do tempo, a MantaPET teve aumento nesse parâmetro (2,0 MN/m³ para 3,5 MN/m³), porém ambas mantiveram o desempenho intermediário (conforme NBR 15575-3:2013) ao ruído de impacto, com L’nT,w igual a 60 dB e 56 dB em um piso de testes respectivamente. As estimativas para dez anos indicaram deformação menor para PEVA1,8 (3,42%)comparativamente à MantaPET (20,15%) e confirmaram a tendência de variação distinta na rigidez dinâmica, sem comprometimento do desempenho acústico desses materiais.

Abstract Impact noise in multi-floor buildings is reduced with the execution of a floating floor, which has a resilient material between the subfloor and the slab. In this study, the evaluation of the influence of compression of this material on the acoustic performance of the system was sought. Two resilient materials were compared, one being produced in the laboratory (cementitious plates with EVA - PEVA1,8 waste), and the other commercially (blanket recycled from PET waste - MantaPET). The measurements aiming to relate the dynamic stiffness of the materials and the acoustic performance were up to three years. Additionally, estimates were made for ten years, based on theoretical models and creep compression tests. While PEVA1,8 decreased its dynamic stiffness (20.0 MN/m³ to 17.7 MN/m³) over time, MantaPET increased (2.0 MN/m³ to 3.5 MN/m³), but both maintained intermediate performance (according to NBR 15575-3:2013) to impact noise, presenting L’ nT,w equal to 60 dB and 56 dB in a test floor, respectively. Estimates for ten years indicated less deformation for PEVA1,8 (3.42%), compared to MantaPET (20.15%) and confirmed the trend of changes in the dynamic stiffness, without compromising the acoustic performance of these materials.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-86212022000100582 41 downloads

Perceived racism or racial discrimination and the risk of adverse obstetric outcomes: a systematic review
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Pereira, Glaucia Miranda Varella

; Pimentel, Veronica Maria

; Surita, Fernanda Garanhani

; Silva, Amanda Dantas

; Brito, Luiz Gustavo Oliveira

Sao Paulo Medical Journal

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Out 2022, Volume 140 Nº 5 Páginas 705 - 718

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Racial disparities are differences among distinct subgroups of the human species; biologically, there are no scientifically proven reasons for them to exist. OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of racism or racial discrimination on obstetric outcomes. DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic review conducted at a tertiary/academic hospital. METHODS: The Cochrane Library, SCOPUS/EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched from inception to June 2020. Studies presenting any type of racial discrimination, or any manifestation of racism that was perceived by women of any age in an obstetric scenario were included. Studies that only assessed racial disparities without including direct racism were excluded. The secondary outcomes evaluated included quality of antenatal care, intra and postpartum care, preterm birth and birthweight. The Risk of Bias In Non-randomized Studies - of Interventions (ROBINS-I) scale was used to assess the quality of evidence from non-randomized studies. RESULTS: A total of 508 records were retrieved and 29 were selected for qualitative synthesis. No meta-analysis could be performed due to the high heterogeneity across studies. Perceived racism was associated as a risk factor in 7/10 studies focusing on pregnancy and postpartum maternal outcomes, five studies on preterm birth, one study on small for gestational age and two studies on low birthweight. Overall, among the 29 studies, the risk of bias was classified as moderate. CONCLUSIONS: Perceived racism presented an association with poor obstetric outcomes. Anti-racist measures are needed in order to address the problems that are causing patients to perceive or experience racism. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO database, CRD42020194382

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2021.0505.r1.07042022

Brazilian practice guidelines for stroke rehabilitation: part II rehabilitation
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Minelli, Cesar

; Luvizutto, Gustavo José

; Cacho, Roberta de Oliveira

; Neves, Luciana de Oliveira

; Magalhães, Sheila Cristina Sayuri Abe

; Pedatella, Marco Túlio Araújo

; Mendonça, Lucia Iracema Zanotto de

; Ortiz, Karin Zazo

; Lange, Marcos Christiano

; Ribeiro, Priscila Watson

; Souza, Luciane Aparecida Pascucci Sande de

; Milani, Cristiano

; Cruz, Daniel Marinho Cezar da

; Costa, Rafael Dalle Molle da

; Conforto, Adriana Bastos

; Carvalho, Fernanda Martins Maia

; Ciarlini, Bruna Silva

; Frota, Norberto Anizio Ferreira

; Almeida, Kelson James

; Schochat, Eliane

; Oliveira, Tatiana de Paula

; Miranda, Camila

; Piemonte, Maria Elisa Pimentel

; Lopes, Laura Cardia Gomes

; Lopes, Camila Galvão

; Tosin, Michelle Hyczy de Siqueira

; Oliveira, Bianca Campos

; Oliveira, Beatriz Guitton Renaud Baptista de

; Castro, Shamyr Sulyvan de

; Andrade, João Brainier Clares de

; Silva, Gisele Sampaio

; Pontes-Neto, Octávio Marques

; Carvalho, João José Freitas de

; Martins, Sheila C. Ouriques

; Bazan, Rodrigo

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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Jul 2022, Volume 80 Nº 7 Páginas 741 - 758

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo As Diretrizes Brasileiras de Reabilitação do Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) - Parte II, desenvolvida pelo Departamento Científico de Reabilitação Neurológica da Academia Brasileira de Neurologia é voltada para intervenções específicas de técnicas de reabilitação de déficits neurológicos e incapacidades. Seguindo o mesmo modelo da Parte I, a Parte II também se baseia em estudos randomizados, revisões sistemáticas, metanálises e outras diretrizes sobre o mesmo tema. A segunda parte aborda os distúrbios da comunicação, disfagia, controle postural e equilíbrio, ataxias, espasticidade, reabilitação do membro superior, marcha, cognição, negligência espacial unilateral, déficits sensoriais, reabilitação domiciliar, aderênciaao usode medicamentos, cuidados paliativos,ofuturodareabilitação no AVC, e websites de orientação sobre AVC para pacientes e cuidadores. Nosso objetivo é fornecer aos profissionais envolvidos na reabilitação conhecimento atualizado e recomendações para um melhor cuidado no pós-AVC. (AVC incapacidades I randomizados sistemáticas tema comunicação disfagia equilíbrio ataxias espasticidade superior marcha cognição unilateral sensoriais domiciliar medicamentos paliativosofuturodareabilitação paliativos ofuturodareabilitação cuidadores pósAVC. pósAVC pós AVC. pós-AVC

Abstract The Brazilian Practice Guidelines for Stroke Rehabilitation – Part II, developed by the Scientific Department of Neurological Rehabilitation of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology (Academia Brasileira de Neurologia, in Portuguese), focuses on specific rehabilitation techniques to aid recovery from impairment and disability after stroke. As in Part I, Part II is also based on recently available evidence from randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and other guidelines. Part II covers disorders of communication, dysphagia, postural control and balance, ataxias, spasticity, upper limb rehabilitation, gait, cognition, unilateral spatial neglect, sensory impairments, home rehabilitation, medication adherence, palliative care, cerebrovascular events related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, the future of stroke rehabilitation, and stroke websites to support patients and caregivers. Our goal is to provide health professionals with more recent knowledge and recommendations for better rehabilitation care after stroke. Academia Neurologia Portuguese, Portuguese , Portuguese) I trials reviews metaanalyses, metaanalyses meta analyses, analyses meta-analyses guidelines communication dysphagia balance ataxias spasticity gait cognition neglect impairments adherence SARSCoV2 SARSCoV SARS CoV (SARS-CoV-2 infection caregivers (SARS-CoV- (SARS-CoV

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1757692

Phytochemical and pharmacological reports of the hypoglycemic activity of the Moringa oleifera extracts
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Santos, Ariana da Silva

; Pimentel, Anderson Lopes

; Oliveira, João Victor Lessa de

; Silva, Michelle Teixeira da

; Silva, Fernanda Geny Calheiros

; Borges, Arthur Luy Tavares Ferreira

; Moura, Maria Aline Fidelis Barros de

; Silva, Sâmia Andrícia Souza da

; Nascimento, Ticiano Gomes do

Rodriguésia

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2022, Volume 73 elocation e01262021

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Moringa oleífera Lam. é uma planta arbórea pertencente à família Moringaceae distribuída em áreas tropicais e que tem ganhado enorme atenção nas últimas décadas. Esta pesquisa é uma revisão sobre a associação entre extratos aquosos de folhas de M. oleifera e diabetes mellitus e compreender suas funções farmacológicas e mecanismos subjacentes. O refinamento da pesquisa demonstrou o potencial farmacêutico da M. oleifera e seus fitoquímicos, dado seu efeito antidiabético. A análise prospectiva mostrou a quantidade de aplicação dentro do IPC A61K na área da saúde. Os metabólitos secundários presentes em M. oleifera, glucosinolatos, flavonóides e compostos fenólicos podem ser responsáveis, em parte, pelas ações hipoglicemiantes de controle da doença. Os glucosinolatos, quando metabolizados por enzimas salivares, dão origem a sulforafanos que atuam na prevenção do diabetes tipo 2 e na redução da resistência à insulina. Os flavonóides interagem com as enzimas intestinais modificando o metabolismo dos carboidratos, regulando os níveis glicêmicos, além de aumentar a sensibilidade à insulina. Os compostos fenólicos aumentam a expressão dos transportadores de glicose (GLUT4) e reduzem a síntese de ácidos graxos e colesterol, contribuindo para a redução da resistência à glicose e controle da glicemia. Moringa oleifera pode ser usada como terapia complementar do diabetes tipo 2.

Abstract Moringa oleifera is an arboreal plant belonging to the family Moringaceae distributed in tropical areas and has gained enormous attention in the last decades. This research is a review on the association between aqueous extracts of M. oleifera leaves and diabetes mellitus and understanding its pharmacological functions and underlying mechanisms. The research refinement demonstrated the pharmaceutical potential of M. oleifera and its phytochemicals, given its antidiabetic effect. The prospective analysis showed the amount of application within IPC A61K in health area. The secondary metabolites present in M. oleifera, glucosinolates, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds may be responsible, in part, for the disease control hypoglycemic actions. Glucosinolates, when metabolized by salivary enzymes, give rise to sulforaphanes that act in preventing type 2 diabetes and in reducing insulin resistance. Flavonoids interact with intestinal enzymes by modifying carbohydrate metabolism by regulating glycemic levels, in addition to increasing insulin sensitivity. Phenolic compounds increase the expression of glucose transporters (GLUT4) and reduce the synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol, contributing to the reduction of glucose resistance and blood sugar control. Moringa oleifera can be used as complementary therapy of the type-2 diabetes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202273090

10.

Recommendations by the Scientific Department of Neuroimmunology of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology (DCNI/ABN) and the Brazilian Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunological Diseases (BCTRIMS) on vaccination in general and specifically against SARS-CoV-2 for patients with demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system
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Becker, Jefferson

; Ferreira, Lis Campos

; Damasceno, Alfredo

; Bichuetti, Denis Bernardi

; Christo, Paulo Pereira

; Callegaro, Dagoberto

; Peixoto, Marco Aurélio Lana

; Sousa, Nise Alessandra De Carvalho

; Almeida, Sérgio Monteiro De

; Adoni, Tarso

; Santiago-Amaral, Juliana

; Junqueira, Thiago

; Pereira, Samira Luisa Apóstolos

; Gomes, Ana Beatriz Ayroza Galvão Ribeiro

; Pitombeira, Milena

; Paolilo, Renata Barbosa

; Grzesiuk, Anderson Kuntz

; Piccolo, Ana Claudia

; D´Almeida, José Arthur Costa

; Gomes Neto, Antonio Pereira

; Oliveira, Augusto Cesar Penalva De

; Oliveira, Bianca Santos De

; Tauil, Carlos Bernardo

; Vasconcelos, Claudia Ferreira

; Kaimen-Maciel, Damacio

; Varela, Daniel

; Diniz, Denise Sisterolli

; Oliveira, Enedina Maria Lobato De

; Malfetano, Fabiola Rachid

; Borges, Fernando Elias

; Figueira, Fernando Faria Andrade

; Gondim, Francisco De Assis Aquino

; Passos, Giordani Rodrigues Dos

; Silva, Guilherme Diogo

; Olival, Guilherme Sciascia Do

; Santos, Gutemberg Augusto Cruz Dos

; Ruocco, Heloisa Helena

; Sato, Henry Koiti

; Soares Neto, Herval Ribeiro

; Cortoni Calia, Leandro

; Gonçalves, Marcus Vinícius Magno

; Vecino, Maria Cecilia Aragón De

; Pimentel, Maria Lucia Vellutini

; Ribeiro, Marlise De Castro

; Boaventura, Mateus

; Parolin, Mônica Koncke Fiuza

; Melo, Renata Brant De Souza

; Lázaro, Robson

; Thomaz, Rodrigo Barbosa

; Kleinpaul, Rodrigo

; Dias, Ronaldo Maciel

; Gomes, Sidney

; Lucatto, Simone Abrante

; Alves-Leon, Soniza Vieira

; Fukuda, Thiago

; Ribeiro, Taysa Alexandrino Gonsalves Jubé

; Winckler, Thereza Cristina D’ávila

; Fragoso, Yara Dadalti

; Nascimento, Osvaldo José Moreira Do

; Ferreira, Maria Lucia Brito

; Mendes, Maria Fernanda

; Brum, Doralina Guimarães

; Glehn, Felipe Von

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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Nov 2021, Volume 79 Nº 11 Páginas 1049 - 1061

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O DC de Neuroimunologia da ABN e o BCTRIMS trazem, nesse documento, as recomendações sobre vacinação da população com doenças desmielinizantes do sistema nervoso central (SNC) contra infecções em geral e contra o coronavírus da síndrome respiratória aguda grave 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causador da COVID-19. Destaca-se a gravidade do atual momento frente ao avanço da COVID-19 em nosso País, o que torna mais evidente e importante a criação de guia de referência para orientação aos médicos, pacientes e autoridades de saúde pública quanto à vacinação, meio efetivo e seguro no controle de determinadas doenças infecciosa. O DCNI/ABN e o BCTRIMS recomendam que os pacientes com doenças desmielinizantes do SNC (ex., EM e NMOSD) sejam constantemente monitorados, quanto a atualização do seu calendário vacinal, especialmente, no início ou antes da mudança do tratamento com uma droga modificadora de doença (DMD). É importante também salientar que as vacinas são seguras e os médicos devem estimular o seu uso em todos os pacientes. Evidentemente, deve ser dada especial atenção às vacinas com vírus vivos atenuados. Por fim, é importante que os médicos verifiquem qual DMD o paciente está em uso e quando foi feita a sua última dose, pois cada fármaco pode interagir de forma diferente com a indução da resposta imune.

ABSTRACT The Scientific Department of Neuroimmunology of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology (DCNI/ABN) and Brazilian Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunological Diseases (BCTRIMS) provide recommendations in this document for vaccination of the population with demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) against infections in general and against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes COVID-19. We emphasize the seriousness of the current situation in view of the spread of COVID-19 in our country. Therefore, reference guides on vaccination for clinicians, patients, and public health authorities are particularly important to prevent some infectious diseases. The DCNI/ABN and BCTRIMS recommend that patients with CNS demyelinating diseases (e.g., MS and NMOSD) be continually monitored for updates to their vaccination schedule, especially at the beginning or before a change in treatment with a disease modifying drug (DMD). It is also important to note that vaccines are safe, and physicians should encourage their use in all patients. Clearly, special care should be taken when live attenuated viruses are involved. Finally, it is important for physicians to verify which DMD the patient is receiving and when the last dose was taken, as each drug may affect the induction of immune response differently.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2021-0162 1 downloads

11.

Cross-sectional survey for Toxoplasma gondii infection in humans in Fernando de Noronha island, Brazil
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Carvalho, Maria da Conceição

; Ribeiro-Andrade, Müller

; Melo, Renata Pimentel Bandeira de

; Guedes, Dandara Matias

; Pinheiro Junior, José Wilton

; Cavalcanti, Erika Fernanda Torres Samico Fernandes

; Magalhães, Fernando Jorge Rodrigues

; Mota, Rinaldo Aparecido

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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2021, Volume 30 Nº 3 elocation e005121

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A toxoplasmose, causada pelo protozoário Toxoplasma gondii, é uma zoonose e uma das doenças parasitárias transmitidas por alimentos mais importantes em todo o mundo. A prevalência em humanos é altamente variável, sendo influenciada por hábitos culturais, condições socioeconômicas e ambientais. O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a prevalência de infecção por T. gondii em humanos, no arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha, Pernambuco, Brasil, e identificar os fatores de risco associados a essa infecção nesse contexto insular. A soroprevalência de anticorpos IgG anti-T. gondii nos ilhéus foi de 50,4% (172/341, 95% CI: 45,2%–55,7%). Os fatores associados à infecção encontrados foram o consumo de água do poço ou de água da chuva (Odds ratio [OR]: 2,43, p=0,020) e consumo de carne de caça (OR: 1,80, p=0,026). Este é o primeiro estudo a fornecer informações epidemiológicas da infecção por T. gondii entre os moradores da Ilha de Fernando de Noronha, revelando uma considerável soroprevalência de anticorpos nessa população. Este estudo fornece informações para subsidiar a adoção de medidas de prevenção e controle em ambientes insulares.

Abstract Toxoplasmosis, caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, is zoonotic disease and is one of the most important foodborne parasitic diseases globally. The prevalence in humans is highly variable, being influenced by cultural habits, socioeconomic, and environmental conditions. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of T. gondii infection in humans on the archipelago of Fernando de Noronha, Pernambuco State, Brazil, and to identify the risk factors associated with this infection. The seroprevalence of immunoglobulin G anti-T. gondii antibodies was 50.4% (172/341, 95% CI: 45.2%–55.7%). Factors associated with the infection were consumption of well water or rainwater (odds ratio [OR]: 2.43, p=0.020) and consumption of game meat (OR: 1.80, p=0.026). This is the first study to provide epidemiological information of T. gondii infection among the residents of the Island of Fernando de Noronha, revealing a considerable antibody seroprevalence in this population. This study provides information for the adoption of prevention and control measures in island environments.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612021062 213 downloads

12.

Leishmaniasis Mucocutánea con Manifestacion Oral: Reporte de un Caso
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Molina-Avila, Ignacio Javier

; Pimentel-Sola, Juan Martin

; García-Bustos, María Fernanda

; Pimentel-Sola, Julia

; Marco-Jorge, Diego

; Brunetto, Guadalupe

; Córdoba, Mauree

; Cordero-Torres, Karina

International journal of odontostomatology

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Set 2020, Volume 14 Nº 3 Páginas 342 - 347

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT: Leishmaniasis is a group of vector-borne diseases caused by Leishmania, an intracellular parasite, which occurs preferentially in tropical and subtropical regions. It manifests itself through a wide range of clinical forms such as cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral, depending on the species and the patient's immune response. We present a case of a 35-year-old man who was referred to the Stomatology Unit of the Señor del Milagro Hospital, Salta, Argentina, presenting in the oral cavity lesion, granulomatous, ulcerated, painful on palpation, unique, soft palate with three months of evolution. Serological, parasitological and PCR studies were performed. Lysed ELISAs, PCRs and cultures of lesion materials were positive, confirming diagnosis of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. The patient was referred to the Dermatology Service where he received treatment with Meglumine Antimony, with favorable clinical response. The knowledge of the oral manifestations can lead to the clinical diagnosis of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis by the dentist, being able to provide timely treatment and at the same time help the patient, avoiding complications of this disease.

RESUMEN: La Leishmaniasis es un grupo de enfermedades transmitidas por vectores y causada por la Leishmania, un parásito intracelular, que se presenta de preferencia en regiones tropicales y subtropicales. Se manifiesta mediante un amplio rango de formas clínicas como la cutánea, mucocutánea, y visceral, dependiendo de la especie y respuesta inmunológica del paciente. Se presenta el caso de un hombre de 35 años que acudió derivado a Unidad de Estomatología del Hospital Señor del Milagro, Salta, Argentina, presentando en la cavidad oral lesión, granulomatosa, ulcerada, dolorosa a la palpación, única, en paladar blando, de tres meses de evolución. Se realizaron estudios serológicos, parasitológicos y PCR. Los ELISAs lisados, PCRs y cultivos de materiales de lesiones fueron positivos, confirmando diagnóstico de leishmaniasis mucocutánea. El paciente fue derivado al Servicio de Dermatología donde recibió tratamiento con Antimoniato de Meglumina, con repuesta clínica favorable. El conocimiento de las manifestaciones orales puede llevar al diagnóstico clínico de leishmaniasis mucocutánea por parte del odontólogo, pudiendo entregar un tratamiento oportuno y a la vez ayudar al paciente, evitando complicaciones de esta enfermedad.

4395 downloads

13.

Determination of Ethanol in Gel Hand Sanitizers Using Mid and Near Infrared Spectroscopy
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Fonseca Jr., Fernando S.

; Brito, Lívia R. e

; Pimentel, Maria Fernanda

; Leal, Leila B.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Set 2020, Volume 31 Nº 9 Páginas 1759 - 1763

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Alcohol-based gel hand sanitizers became very popular during the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic. In Brazil, several irregular factories emerged requiring an efficient control by the police and regulatory agencies to guarantee product quality. This problem required a method to determine ethanol content, which led to the development of two methods employing mid and near infrared spectroscopy associated with chemometrics. Partial least squares (PLS) models were built and presented satisfactory results with mean absolute percentage error of prediction and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 1.12 and 0.76% (m/m), respectively, for mid-infrared (MIR) and 1.83 and 1.18% (m/m) for near-infrared (NIR). The analysis of commercial and seized samples of hand sanitizers showed that only 7 out of 34 samples had an ethanol content of 70% (m/m) or higher. This result reinforces the need for constant vigilance by authorities to ensure that the products have the required specifications.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200115 2243 downloads

14.

Role of Research and Development Institutions and AgTechs in the digital transformation of Agriculture in Brazil
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Romani, Luciana Alvim Santos

; Bariani, Joice Machado

; Drucker, Debora Pignatari

; Vaz, Glauber José

; Mondo, Vitor Henrique Vaz

; Moura, Maria Fernanda

; Bolfe, Edson Luis

; Sousa, Pedro Henrique Pimentel de

; Oliveira, Stanley Robson de Medeiros

; Luchiari Junior, Ariovaldo

Revista Ciência Agronômica

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2020, Volume 51 Nº spe elocation e20207800

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O agronegócio brasileiro vem se modernizando pela intensa adoção de tecnologias, com aumento de produtividade e redução de riscos. Mais recentemente, observa-se um crescente aumento no uso das tecnologias digitais no campo, fazendo emergir a chamada Agricultura Digital. Neste contexto, este artigo apresenta o Programa de Aceleração de startups, denominado TechStart Agro Digital, uma iniciativa da Embrapa Informática Agropecuária e da aceleradora Venture Hub com o apoio de vários atores do ecossistema de inovação agrícola. Este trabalho apresenta a metodologia de aceleração tecnológica e de negócios com foco no agronegócio, proposta pelas duas instituições, ilustrando sua aplicação no primeiro ciclo do programa em 2019. Os resultados demonstram que as 11 startups graduadas no Programa demonstraram um aperfeiçoamento e crescimento após os 6 meses de aceleração, viabilizando a proposição de tecnologias mais consolidadas e focadas nos reais problemas da agricultura. O acompanhamento pós-programa indica que estas AgTechs têm auxiliado o produtor rural, efetiva e eficazmente, agregando valor à agricultura brasileira.

ABSTRACT The Brazilian agribusiness sector has been witnessing increasing modernization, caused by the extensive adoption of technologies, with increase in productivity and reduction of risks In addition, the use of digital technologies in farms has recently been increasing, engendering the emerging field of digital agriculture. In this context, this article presents a startup acceleration program, called TechStart Agro Digital, an initiative of Embrapa Agricultural Informatics and Venture Hub with the support of various stakeholders in the agricultural innovation ecosystem. Further, this article presents a methodology for technological and business acceleration focused on agribusinesses, which was proposed by the two institutions, and its application in the first cycle of the program in 2019. The results show that the 11 startups that graduated from the program demonstrated an improvement and growth six months after the acceleration program, and validate the potential of the program in facilitating the development of technologies that are more consolidated and focused on the real problems of agriculture. The post-program follow-up indicates that these agricultural technology startups and organizations (AgTechs) have helped rural producers effectively and efficiently, thereby adding value to Brazilian agriculture.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20200082 63 downloads

15.

Rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in children using blood and urine specimens
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Costa-Lima, Juliana Figueirêdo da

; Pimentel, Lílian Maria Lapa Montenegro

; Santos, Fabiana Cristina Fulco

; Salazar, Marcela Pereira

; Duarte, Rafael Silva

; Mello, Fernanda Carvalho de Queiroz

; Schindler, Haiana Charifker

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2020, Volume 53 elocation e20200051

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Laboratory and clinical features of childhood tuberculosis (TB) are non-specific and establishing an accurate diagnosis remains a challenge. This study evaluated a Single tube nested-PCR (STNPCR) to detect genomic DNA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in blood and urine. METHODS: Biological samples were obtained from children (<15 years old) with clinical suspicion of pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB at public hospitals in Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil. Cultures yielded negative results in a majority of childhood TB cases, which are generally paucibacillary. A set of clinical, epidemiological, radiological, and laboratory criteria with evident clinical improvement after anti-TB treatment were frequently used to define childhood TB cases. RESULTS: Ninety children with clinical suspicion were enrolled in this study (44 with TB and 46 without TB). The pulmonary TB group had 20 confirmed cases and 46 negative controls, while the extrapulmonary TB group had 24 confirmed cases. The STNPCR showed sensitivities to pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB of 47.4% and 52.2% (blood) and 38.8% and 20% (urine), respectively. Considering the low performance of STNPCR on separate samples, we decided to perform a combined analysis (parallel sensitivity analysis) of the results from blood and urine samples. The parallel sensitivity increased to 65% in blood and 62.5% in urine. The specificity in both samples ranged from 93.5-97.8%. CONCLUSIONS: Although STNPCR showed moderate sensitivity, the specificity is high; therefore, the test can be used as an auxiliary tool to diagnose TB in children. It is a rapid test that demonstrated better performance than other diagnostic tests in paucibacillary samples as it does in childhood tuberculosis.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0051-2020 474 downloads

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