ABSTRACT Regions with semi-arid climates have environmental conditions that result in abiotic stress to plants. The largest melon (Cucumis melo L.) production area in Brazil, the state of Rio Grande do Norte, has these climatic characteristics. Use of biostimulants in these production systems can mitigate effects of abiotic stress and increase yield and fruit quality. The objective in this study was to evaluate the physiological and production characteristics of melon, under the application of biostimulants. The biostimulants Acadian®, Folicist® and Nov@® were applied and compared to the control treatment (no biostimulants), in ‘Goldex’ and ‘McLaren’ melons. Nov@® led to higher CO2 assimilation, transpiration and stomatal conductance, as well as ascorbate peroxidase, in ‘Goldex’ and ‘McLaren’. Greater catalase was obtained with the application of Nov@®, while the use of Folicist® resulted in higher malondialdehyde content. The cultivar ‘McLaren’ exhibited the best physiological and biochemical performance, and ‘Goldex’ the best yield. Folicist® promotes physiological adaptations to stress without impairing photosynthetic activity. The biostimulants increased yield and number of fruits per plant and promoted physiological adaptations to semi-arid conditions. semiarid semi arid plants Cucumis L. L Brazil Norte quality Acadian Acadian® Folicist Nov Nov@ no biostimulants, , biostimulants) ‘Goldex Goldex ‘McLaren McLaren melons CO assimilation conductance peroxidase ‘McLaren. . content performance activity

RESUMO Regiões com climas semiáridos apresentam condições ambientais que resultam em estresses abióticos às plantas. A maior área de produção de melão (Cucumis melo L.) do Brasil, o Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, possui essas características climáticas. O uso de bioestimulantes nesses sistemas de produção pode mitigar os efeitos dos estresses abióticos e aumentar a produtividade e a qualidade dos frutos. O objetivo neste estudo foi avaliar as características fisiológicas e de produção do meloeiro, sob aplicação de bioestimulantes. Os bioestimulantes Acadian®, Folicist® e Nov@® foram aplicados e comparados ao tratamento controle (sem bioestimulantes), em melões ‘Goldex’ e ‘McLaren’. Nov@® proporcionou maior assimilação de CO2, transpiração e condutância estomática, assim como ascorbato peroxidase em ‘Goldex’ e ‘McLaren’. Maior catalase foi obtida pela aplicação de Nov@®, enquanto que o uso de Folicist® resultou em maior teor de malondialdeído. A cultivar McLaren apresentou o melhor desempenho fisiológico e bioquímico e a ‘Goldex’ o melhor rendimento. Folicist® promove adaptações fisiológicas aos estresses sem prejudicar a atividade fotossintética. Os bioestimulantes aumentaram a produtividade e o número de frutos por planta e promoveram adaptações fisiológicas às condições semiáridas. plantas Cucumis L. L Brasil Norte climáticas meloeiro Acadian Acadian® Folicist Nov Nov@ bioestimulantes, , bioestimulantes) ‘Goldex Goldex ‘McLaren. ‘McLaren . ‘McLaren’ CO2 CO estomática malondialdeído rendimento fotossintética semiáridas

ABSTRACT Water balance is a tool that has various applications in agriculture, including assessing whether an environment is suitable for growing a specific crop by providing information on how water resources function in the system. This information is essential for determining whether the available water satisfies the crop’s demand. Thus, the objective of this work was to calculate the water balance of Typic Hapludults for growing coffee (Coffea canephora) crops in Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre, Brazil, using a 36-year historical series to assess the potential and limitation of the crop according to the water availability. The results showed that coffee crops are, in general, suitable for growing in the study region. Water deficit and water surplus periods are well-defined, from April to August and September to March, respectively. Flowering was the only stage of coffee crops that coincides with the water deficit period in the region; thus, irrigation is necessary to prevent compromising this stage and fruit development. The Water Requirement Satisfaction Index (WRSI), calculated on a monthly basis, indicates a low climate risk for coffee crops in the region. However, when calculated on a daily basis, the WRSI shows a medium to high climate risk for coffee crops in several periods. The WRSI proved to be an adequate tool for assisting in decision-making regarding the adoption of irrigation. agriculture system s demand Thus Coffea canephora Sul Acre Brazil 36year year 36 availability general region welldefined, welldefined well defined, defined well-defined March respectively thus development WRSI, , (WRSI) basis However decisionmaking decision making 3 (WRSI

RESUMO O balanço hídrico é uma ferramenta com diversas aplicações na agricultura, incluindo a avaliação da adequação de um ambiente para o cultivo de uma determinada cultura, através da compreensão de como os recursos hídricos operam no sistema. Esta informação é vital para determinar se a água disponível satisfaz a necessidade da cultura. Assim, objetivou-se calcular o balanço hídrico em um Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo para o cultivo de Coffea canephora no município de Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre, utilizando uma série histórica de 36 anos para avaliar o potencial e as restrições da cultura de acordo com a água disponível. Os resultados mostraram que, de forma geral, o cultivo de Coffea canephora é adequado para a região de estudo. Os períodos de déficit hídrico e de excesso de água são bem definidos, ocorrendo de abril a agosto e de setembro a março, respectivamente. Verificou-se que apenas a fase de floração do cafeeiro coincide com o período de déficit hídrico na região, exigindo assim irrigação para evitar comprometer essa etapa do desenvolvimento do fruto. Em relação ao Indice de Satisfação da Necessidade de Água (ISNA), observou-se que, quando calculado em uma escala mensal, indica baixo risco climático para o cultivo de Coffea canephora na região. No entanto, quando calculado em uma escala diária, o ISNA indica risco climático médio a alto para o cultivo durante vários períodos. O ISNA mostrou ser uma ferramenta adequada para a tomada de decisão quanto à adoção de técnicas de irrigação. agricultura sistema Assim objetivouse objetivou VermelhoAmarelo Vermelho Amarelo Sul Acre 3 geral estudo definidos março respectivamente Verificouse Verificou fruto ISNA, , (ISNA) observouse observou mensal entanto diária (ISNA

Serial numbers are marks present on several day-to-day objects, created by manufacturers for purposes such as quality control, product tracking and to prevent counterfeiting. In the case of firearms, these characters can be obliterated or damaged by natural processes or intentionally by criminals to prevent positive identification of stolen property. One non-destructive method employed by crime laboratories for the restoration of obliterated characters is the magnetic particle method. The present work aims to study the synthesis and application of waste-made magnetic nanoparticles in the recovery of adulterated markings. A set of analytical-grade materials and metallic waste magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized for comparison purposes. Chemical characterization tests by X-ray fluorescence, morphological tests by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and magnetization tests by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) were performed. The efficacy of the synthesized nanoparticles was tested on 1020 steel plates previously engraved and adulterated by sanding. Both homemade magnetic nanoparticles demonstrated superior performance compared to commercial magnetic particles. The application of homemade magnetic particles, especially using waste as the source of production, decreases the cost of the material and is environmentally friendly. The development of this material makes magnetic serial number restoration a better option for widespread use in forensic procedures. daytoday day objects control counterfeiting firearms property nondestructive non destructive wastemade made markings analyticalgrade analytical grade Xray X ray fluorescence SEM, SEM , (SEM) VSM (VSM performed 102 sanding particles production friendly procedures (SEM 10 1

Abstract Background: Chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC) is caused by an inflammatory process induced by Trypanosoma cruzi, which leads to myocarditis with reactive and reparative fibrosis. CCC progresses with myocardial perfusion abnormalities and histopathological events that affect cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Objectives: We evaluated the effects of aerobic physical training (APT) on myocardial perfusion and on morphological and functional impairments related with inflammation and fibrosis in Syrian hamsters with CCC. As a secondary objective, we analyzed the cross-sectional areas of the skeletal muscle. Methods: Hamsters with CCC and their respective controls were divided into four groups: CCC sedentary, CCC-APT, sedentary control and APT control. Seven months after infection, the animals underwent echocardiography, myocardial perfusion scintigraphy and cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Moderate-intensity APT was performed for fifty minutes, five times a week, for eight weeks. Subsequently, the animals were reassessed. Histopathological analysis was conducted after the above-mentioned procedures. The level of significance was set at 5% in all analyses (p<0.05). Results: CCC sedentary animals presented worse myocardial perfusion defects (MPD) over time, reduced left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) and showed more inflammation and fibrosis when compared to other groups (mixed ANOVA analysis). Conversely, APT was able to mitigate the progression of MPD, ameliorate inflammation and fibrosis and improve CRF efficiency in CCC-APT animals. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that APT ameliorated cardiac dysfunction, MPD, and reduced inflammation and fibrosis in CCC hamster models. Additionally, CCC-SED animals presented skeletal muscle atrophy while CCC-APT animals showed preserved skeletal muscle CSA. Understanding APT's effects on CCC's pathophysiological dimensions is crucial for future research and therapeutic interventions. Background (CCC cruzi CRF. . (CRF) Objectives (APT objective crosssectional cross sectional Methods CCCAPT, CCCAPT APT, infection echocardiography testing Moderateintensity Moderate intensity minutes week weeks Subsequently reassessed abovementioned above mentioned procedures 5 p<0.05. p005 p p<0.05 0 05 (p<0.05) Results MPD (MPD time LVEF (LVEF mixed analysis. analysis) Conversely Conclusions dysfunction models Additionally CCCSED SED CSA APTs s CCCs interventions (CRF p00 p<0.0 (p<0.05 p0 p<0. (p<0.0 p<0 (p<0. p< (p<0 (p< (p

Resumo Fundamento: A Cardiomiopatia Chagásica Crônica (CCC) é causada por um processo inflamatório induzido pelo Trypanosoma cruzi, que leva à miocardite com fibrose reativa e reparativa. A CCC progride com alterações de perfusão miocárdica e eventos histopatológicos que afetam a Aptidão Cardiorrespiratória (ACR). Objetivos: Avaliamos os efeitos do Treinamento Físico Aeróbico (TFA) na perfusão miocárdica e nos comprometimentos morfológicos e funcionais relacionados à inflamação e fibrose em hamsters sírios com CCC. Como objetivo secundário, analisamos as áreas de secção transversa do músculo esquelético. Métodos: Hamsters com CCC e seus respectivos controles foram divididos em quatro grupos: CCC sedentário, CCC-TFA, controle sedentário e controle TFA. Sete meses após a infecção, os animais foram submetidos à ecocardiografia, à cintilografia de perfusão miocárdica e ao teste de esforço cardiopulmonar. TFA de intensidade moderada foi realizado durante cinquenta minutos, cinco vezes por semana, por oito semanas. Posteriormente, os animais foram reavaliados. A análise histopatológica foi realizada após os procedimentos acima mencionados. O nível de significância foi estabelecido em 5% em todas as análises (p<0,05). Resultados: Animais com CCC sedentários apresentaram piores Defeitos de Perfusão Miocárdica (DPM) ao longo do tempo, Fração de Ejeção do Ventrículo Esquerdo (FEVE) reduzida, e apresentaram mais inflamação e fibrose quando comparados aos demais grupos (análise ANOVA mista). Por outro lado, o TFA foi capaz de mitigar a progressão do DPM, atenuar a inflamação e a fibrose e melhorar a eficiência da ACR em animais CCC-TFA. Conclusão: Nosso estudo demonstrou que o TFA melhorou a disfunção cardíaca, DPM e reduziu a inflamação e a fibrose em modelos de hamster com CCC. Além disso, os animais CCC-SED apresentaram atrofia do músculo esquelético, enquanto os animais CCC-TFA apresentaram a AST do músculo esquelético preservada. Compreender os efeitos da TFA nas dimensões fisiopatológicas da CCC é crucial para futuras pesquisas e intervenções terapêuticas. Fundamento (CCC cruzi reparativa ACR. . (ACR) Objetivos (TFA secundário Métodos CCCTFA, CCCTFA TFA, infecção ecocardiografia cardiopulmonar minutos semana semanas Posteriormente reavaliados mencionados 5 p<0,05. p005 p p<0,05 0 05 (p<0,05) Resultados (DPM tempo FEVE (FEVE reduzida mista. mista mista) lado CCCTFA. Conclusão cardíaca disso CCCSED SED preservada terapêuticas (ACR p00 p<0,0 (p<0,05 p0 p<0, (p<0,0 p<0 (p<0, p< (p<0 (p< (p

ABSTRACT Introduction: The superiority of the functional results of robot-assisted radical prostatectomyis still controversial. Despite this, it is known that minimally invasive surgery obtains better results when analyzing blood loss, blood transfusion and length of stay, for example. Several studies have analyzed the impact of the resident physician's involvement on the results of urological surgeries. The simple learning curve for robot-assisted radical prostate surgery is estimated to be around 10 to 12 cases. Learning curve data for robotic surgeons is heterogeneous, making it difficult to analyze. Rare studies compare the results of a radical prostatectomy of an inexperienced surgeon starting his training in open surgery, with the results of the same surgeon, a few years later, starting training in robotic surgery. Objective: to analyze the results of open radical prostatectomy surgeries (ORP) performed by urology residents, comparing them to the results of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP), performed by these same surgeons, after completing their training in urology. Materials and methods: a retrospective analysis of the cases of only 3 surgeons was performed. 50 patients underwent ORP (group A). The surgeons who operated on the ORP patients were in the 3rd and final year of the urology residency program and beginners in ORP surgery, but with at least 4 years of experience in open surgery. The same surgeons, already trained urologists, began their training in robotic surgery and performed 56 RARP surgeries (group B). For the comparative analysis, data were collected on age, number of lymph nodes removed, surgery time, hospitalization time, drain volume, drain permanence time, indwelling bladdercateter (IBC) permanence time, positive surgical margin, biochemical recurrence, risk classification (ISUP), intra and postoperative complications, urinary incontinence (UI) and erectile dysfunction (ED). The console used was the Da Vinci Si, from Intuitive®. For statistical analysis, the Shapiro-Wilk test verified that the data did not follow normality, the Levene test guaranteed homogeneity, and the Mann-Whitney test performed the comparative analysis of the quantitative data. For the analysis of qualitative data, the Chi-square test was used for nominal variables and the Mann-Whitney U test for ordinal variables. Additionally, the Friedman test analyzed whether there was an improvement in the perception of UI or ED over the months, for each group individually (without comparing them), and the post-hoc Durbin-Conover test, for the results with statistically significant difference. We used a p-value < 0.05, and the Jamovi® program (Version 2.0). Results: there was no statistically significant difference between the groups for age, number of lymph nodes removed, positive surgical margin, biochemical recurrence, risk classification and urinary incontinence. Additionally, we observed that the surgical time was longer in group B. On the other hand, the length of stay, drain volume, drain time, IBC time, complication rate and levels of erectile dysfunction in the third and sixth months were higher in group A, when compared to group B. We also observed that there was no evolutionary improvement in ED over the months in both groups, and that there was a perception of improvement in UI from the 1st to the 3rd month in group A, and from the 1st to the 6th month, and from the 3rd to the 12th month, in group B. Conclusion: the learning curve of RARP is equivalent to the curve of ORP. In general, the results for the robotic group were better, however, the functional results were similar between the groups, with a slight tendency of advantage for the robotic arm. Introduction robotassisted robot assisted controversial this loss stay example physicians physician s 1 heterogeneous later Objective (ORP residents RARP, , (RARP) methods 5 A. A . A) rd urologists B B) age removed volume (IBC margin recurrence ISUP, ISUP (ISUP) complications (UI ED. (ED) Si Intuitive Intuitive® ShapiroWilk Shapiro Wilk normality homogeneity MannWhitney Mann Whitney Chisquare Chi square Additionally without them, them) posthoc post hoc DurbinConover Durbin Conover pvalue p value 005 0 05 0.05 Jamovi Version 2.0. 20 2.0 2 2.0) Results hand st th Conclusion general however arm (RARP (ISUP (ED 00 0.0 2. 0.

ABSTRACT Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is an important agricultural crop in Brazil, considered one of the most important oilseed crops cultivated. The use of fertilizer-solubilizing bacteria can mitigate salt stress. The objective of this study was to evaluate the gas exchange, growth, and water use efficiency of the peanut crop irrigated with brackish water under phosphate fertilization and inoculated with bacteria of the genus Bacillus sp. The experimental design used in this study was completely randomized, in a 4 × 2 × 2 factorial scheme, with 5 replicates, referring to the forms of fertilization (F1 - 0% phosphorus, F2 - 50% phosphorus, F3 - 100% phosphorus, and F4 - bovine biofertilizer), presence and absence of the inoculant and two levels of electrical conductivity of the irrigation water (ECw - 0.3 and 4.0 dS m-1). Fertilization with organic fertilizer (100% biofertilizer) and mineral fertilizer (50 and 100% phosphorus) associated with Bacillus sp. mitigated the damage caused by salt stress and promoted greater water use efficiency, chlorophyll index, internal CO2 concentration and stem diameter. The control treatment (without phosphate fertilization and without salt stress) and the application of Bacillus sp. promoted greater performance in net photosynthesis, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and plant height in peanut plants. Arachis hypogaea Brazil cultivated fertilizersolubilizing solubilizing exchange growth sp randomized scheme replicates F1 F (F 0 phosphorus 50 100 biofertilizer, biofertilizer , ECw 03 3 0. 40 4. m1. m1 m 1 . m-1) (100 (5 index CO diameter photosynthesis rate conductance plants 10 m-1 (10 ( m- (1

RESUMO O amendoim (Arachis hypogaea) é uma importante cultura agrícola no Brasil, considerada uma das mais importantes oleaginosas cultivadas. O uso de bactérias solubilizadoras de fertilizantes pode mitigar o estresse salino. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as trocas gasosas, o crescimento e a eficiência do uso da água da cultura do amendoim irrigado com água salobra sob adubação fosfatada e inoculada com bactérias do gênero Bacillus sp. O delineamento experimental utilizado neste estudo foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4 × 2 × 2, com 5 repetições, referente às formas de adubação (F1 - 0% fósforo, F2 - 50% fósforo, F3 - 100% fósforo e F4 - bovino biofertilizante), presença e ausência do inoculante e dois níveis de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação (CEa - 0.3 e 4.0 dS m-1). As adubações com fertilizante orgânico (100% de biofertilizante) e mineral (50 e 100% de fósforo) associada a Bacillus sp. mitigou os danos causados pelo estresse salino e proporcionou maior eficiência no uso da água, índice de clorofila, concentração interna de CO2 e diâmetro do caule. O tratamento controle (sem adubação fosfatada e sem estresse salino) e a aplicação de Bacillus sp., promoveu maior desempenho na fotossíntese líquida, taxa de transpiração, condutância estomática e altura das plantas em plantas de amendoim. Arachis hypogaea Brasil cultivadas gasosas sp casualizado repetições F1 F (F 0 50 100 biofertilizante, biofertilizante , CEa 03 3 0. 40 4. m1. m1 m 1 . m-1) (100 (5 clorofila CO caule líquida transpiração 10 m-1 (10 ( m- (1

ABSTRACT In Brazil, the lima bean is the second most economically significant legume within the genus Phaseolus. Climate change, particularly water scarcity, threatens the production of this species. The application of salicylic acid has mitigated the adverse effects of stress. This study aimed to assess the impact of salicylic acid on acclimatisation to water restriction in three genotypes of Phaseolus lunatus (‘Cara Larga’, ‘Cearense’, and ‘Orelha de Vó’). A completely randomised design with a triple factorial included three broad bean genotypes, two pre-conditionings with 1.0 mM salicylic acid and without this elicitor (0.0 mM), and three levels of water availability (75, 50, and 25%), totalling 18 treatments with eight replicates. Physiological and biochemical responses were evaluated after 60 days of treatment. The responses varied among the genotypes. ‘Cara Larga’ stood out regarding osmoregulatory and antioxidant parameters compared to the other genotypes. In contrast, ‘Cearense’ showed an increase only in carbohydrates and carotenoids concentrations, while ‘Orelha de Vó’ exhibited more efficient water use and higher levels of proline under greater water restriction, concurrently with a decline in other parameters. Overall, the ‘Cara Larga’ genotype appears to be the most responsive to the modulating effects induced by acid application, especially under a water restriction of 25%. Applying, applying salicylic acid under conditions of low water availability may be a strategy for modulating the synthesis of osmoregulatory and antioxidant responses in P. lunatus. Brazil change scarcity species stress Cara Larga, Larga , ‘Cearense, Cearense ‘Cearense Orelha Vó. Vó . Vó’) preconditionings pre conditionings 10 1 0 1. 0.0 00 (0. mM, mM) 75, 75 (75 50 25%, 25 25% 25%) replicates 6 treatment contrast concentrations Overall Applying P 0. (0 7 (7 5 2 (

RESUMO No Brasil, o feijão-fava é a segunda leguminosa mais significativa economicamente dentro do gênero Phaseolus. As alterações climáticas, especialmente a escassez de água, ameaçam a produção desta espécie. Neste contexto a aplicação de ácido salicílico mitigou os efeitos adversos do estresse. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o impacto do ácido salicílico na aclimatação à restrição hídrica em três genótipos de Phaseolus lunatus (‘Cara Larga’, ‘Cearense’ e ‘Orelha de Vó’). O delineamento inteiramente casualizado com fatorial triplo incluiu três genótipos de fava, dois pré-condicionamentos com ácido salicílico 1,0 mM e sem esse elicitor (0,0 mM) e três níveis de disponibilidade hídrica (75, 50 e 25%), totalizando 18 tratamentos com oito repetições. As respostas fisiológicas e bioquímicas foram avaliadas após 60 dias de tratamento. As respostas variaram entre os genótipos. ‘Cara Larga’ destacou-se nos parâmetros osmorregulatórios e antioxidantes em relação aos demais genótipos. Em contrapartida, ‘Cearense’ apresentou aumento apenas nas concentrações de carboidratos e carotenoides, enquanto ‘Orelha de Vó’ apresentou uso mais eficiente da água e maiores teores de prolina sob maior restrição hídrica, concomitantemente com declínio em outros parâmetros. No geral, o genótipo ‘Cara Larga’ parece ser o mais responsivo aos efeitos moduladores induzidos pela aplicação de ácido, especialmente sob restrição hídrica de 25%. A aplicação, a aplicação de ácido salicílico em condições de baixa disponibilidade hídrica pode ser uma estratégia para modular a síntese de respostas osmorreguladoras e antioxidantes em P. lunatus. Brasil feijãofava feijão fava climáticas espécie estresse Cara Larga, Larga , ‘Cearense Cearense Orelha Vó. Vó . Vó’) précondicionamentos pré condicionamentos 10 1 0 1, 0,0 00 (0, 75, 75 (75 5 25%, 25 25% 25%) repetições 6 tratamento destacouse destacou se contrapartida carotenoides geral P 0, (0 7 (7 2 (

ABSTRACT The common climatic characteristics in semi-arid regions can cause abiotic stress and be a limiting factor for crops. Under these conditions, the use of beneficial elements such as selenium (Se) is an alternative to mitigate the harmful effects of abiotic stresses and increase yield. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance of onion grown in a semi-arid region under the application of Se. A field experiment was performed in a randomized block design, where five doses of Se (0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 g ha-1), by foliar application, were tested on two onion hybrids (Andrômeda and Rio das Antas). Growth, nutritional and yield variables were analyzed. Se increased the height and accumulation of dry mass in onion plants, with a maximum at the 60 g ha-1 dose of Se, the same dose at which the highest commercial (78.15 t ha-1) and total (86.03 t ha-1) bulb yields were obtained in Rio das Antas; however, for Andrômeda, there was no effect of Se on yield. Applied Se doses also increased the content of this element in the bulbs. Despite increasing bulb yields only in the Rio das Antas hybrid, 60 g ha-1 of Se is recommended for onions due to its effects on plant growth and the biofortification of bulbs with Se. semiarid semi arid crops conditions (Se Therefore design 0, 0 (0 15 30 45 6 ha1, ha1 ha 1 , Andrômeda Antas. . Antas) Growth analyzed plants ha- 78.15 7815 78 (78.1 86.03 8603 86 03 (86.0 however hybrid ( 3 4 78.1 781 7 (78. 86.0 860 8 (86. 78. (78 86. (86 (7 (8

RESUMO As características climáticas comuns em regiões semiáridas podem causar estresse abiótico e ser um fator limitante ao cultivo agrícola. Nessas condições, o uso de elementos benéficos como o selênio (Se) é uma alternativa para mitigar os efeitos deletérios dos estresses abióticos e aumentar a produtividade. Portanto, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho agronômico da cebola cultivada em região semiárida sob aplicação de Se. Foi conduzido um experimento de campo, delineado em blocos casualizados completos, onde foram testadas cinco doses de Se (0, 15, 30, 45 e 60 g ha-1), por aplicação foliar, em dois híbridos de cebola (Andrômeda e Rio das Antas). Foram analisadas variáveis de crescimento, nutricional e produtividade. O Se aumentou a altura e o acúmulo de massa seca em plantas de cebola, com máxima na dose 60 g ha-1 de Se, mesma dose em que foi obtida a maior produtividade comercial (78,15 t ha-1) e total (86,03 t ha-1) de bulbos em Rio das Antas, todavia, para Andrômeda, não ocorreu efeito do Se sobre a produtividade. As doses de Se também aumentaram o teor desse elemento nos bulbos. Apesar de aumentar a produtividade de bulbos apenas em Rio das Antas, recomenda-se a aplicação de 60 g ha-1 de Se em cebola devido aos efeitos no crescimento da planta e na biofortificação dos bulbos com Se. agrícola condições (Se Portanto campo completos 0, 0 (0 15 30 4 6 ha1, ha1 ha 1 , foliar Andrômeda Antas. Antas . Antas) ha- 78,15 7815 78 (78,1 86,03 8603 86 03 (86,0 todavia recomendase recomenda se ( 3 78,1 781 7 (78, 86,0 860 8 (86, 78, (78 86, (86 (7 (8

ABSTRACT Copper is an essential element for beet; however, it needs to be made available in adequate quantities since this nutrient, which is a heavy metal, can cause toxicity to plants and/or humans. This study aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance of beet fertigated with copper in a semi-arid region of Brazil. Two experiments were carried out in complete randomized blocks, with five treatments (0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.0, and 6.0 kg ha-1 of copper) and four replicates. In 2019, the copper content was within the adequate range for beet. In 2021, fertigation with copper above 0.8 kg ha-1 led to contents in the phytotoxicity range, which may explain the reduction in total and tuberous root dry mass accumulation. Fertilization with copper increased marketable yield in 2019 (17.32 t ha-1 at the dose of 3.9 kg ha-1 of copper), while, in 2021, there was no fit of the equations. Copper fertilization altered the tuberous root pH but did not influence the other tuberous root quality components. Plants fertilized with copper accumulated more copper in the leaves than in the tuberous root, with a maximum accumulation of 6.0 kg ha-1 of copper in 2019 and 2021. Fertilization with 3.9 kg ha-1 suits soils with low copper content. however nutrient metal andor or humans semiarid semi arid Brazil blocks 0, 0 (0 15 1 5 1.5 30 3 3.0 40 4 4.0 60 6 6. ha1 ha ha- replicates 2021 08 8 0. 201 17.32 1732 17 32 (17.3 39 9 3. copper, , while equations components ( 1. 4. 202 20 17.3 173 (17. 2 17. (17 (1

RESUMO O cobre é um elemento essencial à beterraba, no entanto, é necessário disponibilizá-lo em quantidade adequada uma vez que esse nutriente, que é um metal pesado, pode causar toxicidade às plantas e, ou, ao ser humano. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho agronômico de beterraba fertirrigada com cobre em uma região semiárida do Brasil. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos em delineados em blocos casualizados ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos (0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 e 6.0 kg ha-1 de cobre) e quatro repetições. Em 2019, o teor de cobre estava dentro da faixa adequada para a beterraba. Em 2021, a fertirrigação com cobre acima de 0.8 kg ha-1 proporcionou teores na faixa de fitotoxicidade, o que pode explicar a redução no acúmulo de massa seca total e de raízes tuberosas. A adubação com cobre aumentou a produtividade comercial em 2019 (17.32 t ha-1 na dose de 3.9 kg ha-1 de cobre) enquanto que, em 2021, não houve modelo ajustado. A adubação alterou o pH da raiz tuberosa, mas não influenciou nos demais atributos de qualidade pós-colheita da raiz tuberosa. Plantas adubadas com cobre acumularam mais cobre nas folhas do que na raiz tuberosa, com máxima acumulada em 2019 e em 2021, na dose 6.0 kg ha-1 de cobre. A adubação com 3.9 kg ha-1 é adequada para solos com baixo teor de cobre. entanto disponibilizálo disponibilizá lo nutriente pesado ou humano Brasil acaso 0, 0 (0 15 1 5 1.5 30 3 3.0 45 4 4. 60 6 6. ha1 ha ha- repetições 2021 08 8 0. fitotoxicidade tuberosas 201 17.32 1732 17 32 (17.3 39 9 3. ajustado tuberosa póscolheita pós colheita ( 1. 202 20 17.3 173 (17. 2 17. (17 (1

ABSTRACT The collapse of the Fundão Dam in Mariana, MG, in 2015 introduced the challenge of using Technosol, a soil type formed by deposition of iron mining waste along the Doce River banks, for agricultural purposes. This study aimed to determine the optimal water depth for enhancing production of tropical forage, Megathyrsus maximus cv. Mombasa, when grown on iron ore tailings. Additionally, it sought to establish a crop coefficient applicable to the edaphoclimatic conditions of Viçosa, MG, Brazil. The experiment was conducted throughout the summer, fall, and winter of 2022, employing 21 drainage lysimeters. A completely randomized experimental design was adopted, featuring six treatment groups (plants in Technosol receiving water depths ranging from 20 to 120% of the crop’s evapotranspiration, as derived from the control treatment), along with a control group (plants in Latosol with a depth of 100%), each with three repetitions. Our findings showed that irrigation must replace 40% of the crop evapotranspiration. Moreover, cultivating in Technosol resulted in a reduction of productive capacity by 37.39% during the summer/fall and fall seasons. For Mombasa grass grown in Oxisol, crop coefficients of 1.2 during the summer and 1.5 during the fall and winter are advised. Mariana MG 201 banks purposes forage cv tailings Additionally Viçosa Brazil 2022 2 lysimeters adopted plants 120 crops s evapotranspiration treatment, , treatment) 100%, 100 100% 100%) repetitions 40 Moreover 3739 37 39 37.39 summerfall seasons Oxisol 12 1 1. 15 5 advised 202 10 4 373 3 37.3 37.

RESUMO O rompimento da Barragem do Fundão em Mariana, MG, ocorrida em 2015, trouxe o desafio de usar o Tecnossolo (tipo de solo) formado pela deposição do rejeito de mineração de ferro nas margens do Rio Doce para agricultura. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi obter a lâmina de água para otimizar a produção da forragem tropical Megathyrsus maximum cv. Mombaça, cultivada em rejeito de mineração de ferro e determinar seu coeficiente de cultura para as condições edafoclimáticas de Viçosa, MG. O experimento foi realizado durante as estações de verão, outono e inverno do ano de 2022, com a utilização de 21 lisímetros de drenagem. O experimento foi distribuído em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com 6 tratamentos (plantas em Tecnossolo com lâminas variando de 20 a 120% da evapotranspiração da cultura, obtida do tratamento-testemunha) e adição de uma testemunha (plantas em Latossolo com lâmina de 100%) com três repetições. Recomenda-se irrigação com reposição de 40% da evapotranspiração da cultura. O cultivo em Tecnossolo diminuiu a capacidade produtiva em 37,39% nos ciclos das estações do verão/outono e outono. Recomenda-se os coeficientes de cultura de 1,2 no verão e 1,5 no outono e no inverno, para o capim-Mombaça cultivado em um Latossolo. Mariana MG 2015 tipo solo agricultura cv Mombaça Viçosa 2022 2 drenagem plantas 120 tratamentotestemunha tratamento tratamento-testemunha 100% 100 repetições Recomendase Recomenda se 40 3739 37 39 37,39 verãooutono 12 1 1, 15 5 capimMombaça capim 201 202 10 4 373 3 37,3 37,

Abstract Growth and carcass traits are essential selection criteria for beef cattle breeding programs. However, it is necessary to combine these measurements with body composition traits to meet the demand of the consumer market. This study aimed to estimate the genetic parameters for visual scores, growth (pre and post-weaning weights), and carcass (rib eye area (REA), back and rump fat thickness) traits in Nellore cattle using Bayesian inference. Data from 12,060 animals belonging to the HoRa Hofig Ramos herd were used. Morphological traits were evaluated by the MERCOS methodology. The heritability estimates obtained ranged from low to high magnitude, from 0.15 to 0.28 for visual scores, 0.13 to 0.44 for growth, and from 0.42 to 0.46 for carcass traits. Genetic correlations between visual scores and growth traits were generally of moderate to high magnitudes, however, visual scores showed low correlations with carcass traits, except between sacral bone and structure and REA. Selection for visual score traits can lead to favorable responses in body weight and vice versa, but the same is not true for carcass traits. Morphological categorical traits can be used as complementary tools that add value to selection. programs However market pre postweaning post weaning weights, weights , weights) rib REA, REA (REA) thickness inference 12060 12 060 12,06 methodology magnitude 015 0 15 0.1 028 28 0.2 013 13 044 44 0.4 042 42 046 46 magnitudes however versa (REA 1206 1 06 12,0 01 0. 02 2 04 4 120 12,

This study presents the synthesis and characterization of five Schiff bases derived from the reaction of 4-(2-aminoethyl)-benzenesulfonamide (compound 1) with corresponding aldehydes, (benzaldehyde, 2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde, 2-quinolinecarboxaldehyde, 8-hydroxy2-quinolinecarboxaldehyde and 4-imidazolecarboxaldehyde, for compounds 2-6, respectively). Characterization was performed by various spectroscopic techniques and supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The crystal structures revealed how the substituent groups influenced the present supramolecular interactions. Compounds 1-4 and 6 showed no cytotoxicity to BHK-21 and VERO E6 cells at the highest concentration of 50 µmol L-1, while compound 5 was cytotoxic at this concentration. Compound 5 was active against the Chikungunya virus at the concentration of 10 µmol L-1, highlighting the effect of the 8-hydroxyquinoline substituent for the antiviral activity. For Zika virus, compound 6 was the only one active at 50 µmol L-1. The results suggest the potential of combining sulfonamides with other chemotypes for further development of antiviral agents, especially in the treatment of arboviral diseases. 42aminoethylbenzenesulfonamide aminoethylbenzenesulfonamide 4 2 aminoethyl benzenesulfonamide 1 aldehydes benzaldehyde, benzaldehyde (benzaldehyde 2pyridinecarboxaldehyde, 2pyridinecarboxaldehyde pyridinecarboxaldehyde pyridinecarboxaldehyde, 2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde 2quinolinecarboxaldehyde, 2quinolinecarboxaldehyde quinolinecarboxaldehyde quinolinecarboxaldehyde, 2-quinolinecarboxaldehyde 8hydroxy2quinolinecarboxaldehyde hydroxyquinolinecarboxaldehyde 8 hydroxy2 hydroxy 4imidazolecarboxaldehyde, 4imidazolecarboxaldehyde imidazolecarboxaldehyde imidazolecarboxaldehyde, 4-imidazolecarboxaldehyde 26, 26 6, 2-6 respectively. respectively . respectively) DFT (DFT calculations interactions 14 1- BHK21 BHK 21 BHK-2 E L1, L1 L 1, L-1 8hydroxyquinoline hydroxyquinoline activity L1. 1. agents diseases 2- BHK2 BHK- L-

Contamination of natural resources by dyes present in industrial effluents causes serious impacts to the environment. Research on efficient methods to remove these contaminants has intensified in recent years. A promising method is adsorption, as it uses effective and low-cost adsorbents, such as biomass. In this study, the adsorptive capacity of carbon chemically activated with phosphoric acid (H3PO4) obtained from monkfish (Enterolobium contortisiliquum) shells was investigated for the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye in aqueous medium. UV-Visible was used to quantify the dye removed from the experimental batch method. Adsorption tests at different temperatures suggest that the Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.9967) and the pseudo-second order kinetic model better fit the experimental data. The negative values of ∆Hads and ∆Gads express that the adsorption dynamics is exothermic and spontaneous. The positive value of ∆Sads suggests an increase in disorder at the solid-solution interface during the process. Under these conditions, TCA (monkfish activated charcoal) presented a qe of 525.15 mg g-1, reaching a removal percentage of 82.67%. The treatment carried out to obtain activated carbon allowed the SEM, BET and FT-IR analyses to reveal a porous surface with the presence of micro and mesopores and acid groups on the TCA surface. environment years lowcost low cost adsorbents biomass study H3PO4 HPO H PO (H3PO4 Enterolobium contortisiliquum MB (MB medium UVVisible UV Visible R2 R (R 0.9967 09967 0 9967 pseudosecond pseudo second data Hads Gads spontaneous Sads solidsolution solid solution process conditions charcoal 52515 525 15 525.1 g1, g1 g 1, 1 g-1 8267 82 67 82.67% SEM FTIR FT IR H3PO (H3PO 0.996 0996 996 5251 52 525. g- 826 8 6 82.67 0.99 099 99 5 82.6 0.9 09 9 82. 0.

Abstract Planting with higher density in sugarcane is one of the practices used to overcome low productivity. However, this planting material is equivalent to 25% of the total cost of production, being one of the main expenses for cultivation. In this sense, the present work aims to evaluate the productivity and economic viability of sugarcane as a function of planting density. The experiment was carried out at Usina Monte Alegre in the municipality of Mamanguape, Paraíba, Brazil, from March 2021 to January 2022 with the variety RB92579. Seven planting density were studied: T1: 7 gems m-1, T2: 10 gems m-1, T3: 12 gems m-1, T4: 11 gems m-1, T5: 15 gems m-1, T6: 17 gems m-1, T7: 24 gems m-1, in randomized blocks with four replications. Growth, productivity and economic viability were evaluated. The highest productivity of cane and sugar, 77.69 ton ha-1 and 10.390 ton ha-1, respectively, was with planting density of 17 and 24 gems-1. While the minimum productivity of cane (61.313 ton ha-1) and sugar (7.924 ton ha-1) was recorded at sowing density of 7 and 11 gems-1. However, cultivation density with 7 and 10 gems m-1 were the ones that provided the highest profitability around 50%, followed by density of 12, 15 and 17 gems m-1 with an average of 45% profit and 11 and 24 gems m-1 with the lowest proportion of profit on average 38%. The cultivation with 17 gems m-1 of cane provides in cane-plant, variety RB92579, greater productivity with a profit rate of 45%, being the most suitable. However 25 production sense Mamanguape Paraíba Brazil 202 RB92579 RB studied T1 T m1, m1 m 1, 1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 2 replications Growth evaluated 7769 77 69 77.6 ha1 ha ha- 10390 390 10.39 ha1, respectively gems1. gems1 1. gems-1 61.313 61313 61 313 (61.31 7.924 7924 924 (7.92 m- 50 50% 45 38 38% caneplant, caneplant plant, plant cane-plant suitable 20 RB9257 776 6 77. 1039 39 10.3 gems- 61.31 6131 31 (61.3 7.92 792 92 (7.9 5 4 3 RB925 103 10. 61.3 613 (61. 7.9 79 9 (7. RB92 61. (61 7. (7 RB9 (6 (

Resumo O plantio com maiores densidades na cana-de-açúcar é uma das práticas utilizadas para superar a baixa produtividade. Contudo, esse material de plantio equivale a 25% do custo total de produção, sendo uma das principais despesas para o cultivo. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho objetiva avaliar a produtividade e viabilidade econômica de cana-de-açúcar em função das densidades de plantio. O experimento foi realizado na Usina Monte Alegre no município de Mamanguape, Paraíba, Brasil, durante março de 2021 a janeiro de 2022 com a variedade RB92579. Sendo estudadas sete densidades de plantio: 7,10, 12, 13, 15, 17 e 24 gemas m-1, em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Foram avaliados o crescimento, a produtividade e a viabilidade econômica. A maior produtividade de cana e açúcar, 77,69 ton ha-1 e 10,390 ton ha-1, respectivamente, foi obtida com as densidades de plantio de 17 e 24 gemas-1. Enquanto a produtividade mínima de cana (61,313 ton ha-1) e açúcar (7,924 ton ha-1) foi registrada nas densidades de semeadura de 7 e 11 gemas-1. Contudo, as densidades de cultivo com 7 e 10 gemas m-1 foram as que proporcionam maior lucratividade em torno de 50%, seguida das densidades 12, 15 e 17 gemas m-1 com média de 45% de lucro e 11 e 24 gemas m-1 com menor proporção de lucro em média 38%. O cultivo com 17 gemas m-1 de cana proporciona em cana planta, variedade RB92579, maior produtividade com índice de lucro de 45%, sendo a mais indicada. canadeaçúcar Contudo 25 produção sentido Mamanguape Paraíba Brasil 202 RB92579 RB 710 7,10 12 13 1 2 m1, m1 m 1, repetições crescimento 7769 77 69 77,6 ha1 ha ha- 10390 390 10,39 ha1, respectivamente gemas1. gemas1 1. gemas-1 61,313 61313 61 313 (61,31 7,924 7924 924 (7,92 m- 50 50% 45 38 38% planta indicada 20 RB9257 71 7,1 776 6 77, 1039 39 10,3 gemas- 61,31 6131 31 (61,3 7,92 792 92 (7,9 5 4 3 RB925 7, 103 10, 61,3 613 (61, 7,9 79 9 (7, RB92 61, (61 (7 RB9 (6 (

Abstract Salinity reduces feijão-caupi production, and the search for tolerant varieties becomes important within the agricultural context, as, in addition to being used in the field, they can be used in genetic improvement. The objective was to for a identify variety that is tolerant to salinity considering the physiological quality of seeds and seedling growth. A 2 × 4 factorial scheme was used, referring to the varieties Pingo-de-ouro and Coruja, and four electrical conductivities of water (0; 3.3; 6.6 and 9.9 dS m-1). The physiological quality of seeds and the growth of seedlings were analyzed, in addition to the cumulative germination. The Pingo-de-ouro variety showed no germination, length of the shoot and root, dry mass of the shoot and root compromised up to electrical conductivity of 6 dS m-1 in relation to 0.0 dS m-1. On the other hand, the Coruja variety showed reduced germination, increased shoot and root length. The creole variety Pingo-de-ouro proved to be tolerant to salinity. feijãocaupi feijão caupi production context as field improvement Pingodeouro Pingo de ouro 0 (0 3.3 33 3 66 6. 99 9 9. m1. m1 m 1 . m-1) analyzed germination m- 00 0. 1. hand ( 3.

Resumo A salinidade reduz a produção de feijão-caupi, e a busca por variedades tolerantes torna-se importante dentro do contexto agrícola, pois, além de serem utilizadas no campo, podem utilizar-se no melhoramento genético. Com isso, objetivou-se buscar alguma variedade crioula que seja tolerante à salinidade considerando a qualidade fisiológica de sementes e crescimento da plântula. Utilizou-se um esquema fatorial 2 × 4, correspondendo às variedades Pingo-de-ouro e Coruja, e quatro condutividades elétricas da água de irrigação (0; 3,3; 6,6 e 9,9 dS m-1). Analisou-se a qualidade fisiológica de sementes e o crescimento das plântulas, além da germinação cumulativa. A variedade Pingo-de-ouro, não apresentou germinação, comprimento da parte aérea e raiz, massa seca da parte aérea e raiz comprometida até condutividade elétrica de 6 dS m-1 em relação a 0,0 dS m-1. Por outro lado, a variedade Coruja apresentou redução da germinação, aumento no comprimento da parte aérea e raiz. A variedade crioula Pingo-de-ouro se mostrou tolerante à salinidade. feijãocaupi, feijãocaupi feijão caupi, caupi feijão-caupi tornase torna agrícola pois campo utilizarse utilizar genético isso objetivouse objetivou plântula Utilizouse Utilizou 4 Pingodeouro Pingo ouro 0 (0 3,3 33 3 66 6, 99 9 9, m1. m1 m 1 . m-1) Analisouse Analisou plântulas cumulativa Pingodeouro, ouro, m- 00 0, 1. lado ( 3,