Bredemeyera Willd. is a genus of the Polygalaceae family, occurring in Brazil. This research aims to evaluate the phytochemical and antifungal potential, in vitro and in silico, of Bredemeyera brevifolia extracts. The identification of fatty acids by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and their quantification by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector showed that palmitic (36.55 mg g−1), margaric (3.66 mg g−1), linolelaidic (108.82 mg g−1), oleic (7.86 mg g−1), stearic (41.11 mg g−1), dihomo-γ-linolenic (85.48 mg g−1), and arachidic (209.00 mg g−1) acids are present in the hexane extract. From the chloroform extract, 1-hydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyxanthone was isolated and identified. The minimum inhibitory concentration assay with methanolic extract demonstrated antifungal activity against species of the genus Candida, Sporothrix, and Trichophyton for up to 96 h, with values ranging from 64-1024 μg mL−1. The in silico study with the chemical compounds of this species showed fungal inhibition potential of sterol-14-α-demethylase, highlighting 1-hydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyxanthone, which presented an affinity energy of -8.8 kcal mol−1, greater than that observed for fluconazole (−8.3 kcal mol−1). The fatty acids interacted with the active site of the enzyme but presented energies ≥ −7.4 kcal mol−1. Compounds isolated from this species have pharmacokinetic potential for the development of pharmaceutical formulations. Willd family Brazil extracts chromatographymass chromatography mass chromatographyflame flame 36.55 3655 36 55 (36.5 g−1, g1 g g−1 , 1 3.66 366 3 66 (3.6 108.82 10882 108 82 (108.8 7.86 786 7 86 (7.8 41.11 4111 41 11 (41.1 dihomoγlinolenic dihomo γ linolenic 85.48 8548 85 48 (85.4 209.00 20900 209 00 (209.0 1hydroxy3,7dimethoxyxanthone 1hydroxy37dimethoxyxanthone hydroxydimethoxyxanthone hydroxy 3,7 dimethoxyxanthone identified Candida Sporothrix 9 h 641024 64 1024 64-102 mL1 mL mL−1 sterol14αdemethylase, sterol14αdemethylase sterolαdemethylase sterol 14 α demethylase, demethylase sterol-14-α-demethylase 1hydroxy3,7dimethoxyxanthone, dimethoxyxanthone, 8.8 88 8 -8. mol1 mol mol−1 −8.3 83 (−8. . mol−1) 74 4 −7. formulations 36.5 365 5 (36. g− 3.6 6 (3. 108.8 1088 10 (108. 7.8 78 (7. 41.1 411 (41. 85.4 854 (85. 209.0 2090 20 0 (209. 1hydroxy3 7dimethoxyxanthone 37 3, 64102 102 64-10 mL− αdemethylase 8. -8 mol− −8. (−8 −7 36. (36 3. (3 108. (108 7. (7 41. (41 85. (85 209. 2 (209 1hydroxy 6410 64-1 - −8 (− − ( (10 (4 (8 (20 641 64- (1 (2

Abstract Introduction: Obesity is an ongoing pandemic that coincided with the COVID-19 pandemic, and it has been recognized as a significant risk factor for severe COVID-19 cases. This study aims to analyze the relationship between excess malnutrition and the severity of COVID-19 in minors through a systematic review. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. The search was carried out in PubMed/MEDLINE and SciELO databases using keywords, covering the period from 2020 to 2023. Studies of children and adolescents reporting age and nutritional status in English and Spanish were included. Studies with other pathologies, animal studies, pregnant women, and other reviews were excluded. The study was registered on the PROSPERO platform. Results: A total of 28 articles met the search criteria, of which 18 found a relationship between childhood obesity and increased severity, associated with longer hospital stays, mechanical ventilation requirements, and death. Additionally, out of 7 studies addressing Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children associated with COVID-19 (MIS-C), 3 found a relationship between obesity and the risk of developing MIS-C. Conclusion: Obesity is a risk factor for severe COVID-19 and an increased risk of developing and worsening MIS-C in children and adolescents. Identifying high-risk groups for severe COVID-19 could help guide hospital admissions and SARS-CoV-2 vaccination strategies.

Resumen Introducción: La obesidad es una pandemia en curso que coincidió con la pandemia de la COVID-19, y ha sido reconocida como un factor de riesgo significativo en los casos graves de COVID-19. Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la relación entre la malnutrición por exceso y la severidad de la COVID-19 en menores de edad mediante una revisión sistemática. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión siguiendo las guías PRISMA. La búsqueda se llevó a cabo en las bases de datos PubMed/MEDLINE y SciELO, usando palabras clave, abarcando el periodo entre 2020 y 2023. Se incluyeron estudios de niños y adolescentes que reportaran edad y estado nutricional, y que estuvieran en inglés o español. Se excluyeron estudios con otras patologías, estudios en animales, embarazadas y otras revisiones. El estudio fue registrado en la plataforma PROSPERO. Resultados: Se incluyeron 28 artículos que cumplían con los criterios de búsqueda, de los cuales 18 encontraron una relación entre la obesidad infantil y una mayor gravedad de la COVID-19, asociada a hospitalizaciones más prolongadas, requerimiento de ventilación mecánica y fallecimientos. Además, de los 7 estudios que abordaron el Síndrome Inflamatorio Multisistémico en niños asociado a la COVID-19 (SIM-C), 3 mostraron una relación entre la obesidad y el riesgo de desarrollar SIM-C. Conclusión: La obesidad es un factor de riesgo para una COVID-19 severa y un mayor riesgo de desarrollo y gravedad del SIM-C en niños y adolescentes. Identificar los grupos de alto riesgo de COVID-19 grave podría ayudar a orientar la estrategia de hospitalización y vacunación contra el SARS-CoV-2.

RESUMEN Introducción: La cerveza es la bebida alcohólica más popular del mundo y el empleo de aditivos durante su elaboración pueden mejorar las propiedades fisicoquímicas y organolépticas de la misma. Objetivo: Evaluar las características fisicoquímicas y sensoriales de la cerveza artesanal mediante la aplicación de una base cereal de maíz y arroz para la sustitución de la malta. Materiales y Métodos: La base cereal (maíz y arroz) se adquirió en el mercado local del cantón Portoviejo, provincia de Manabí y se realizaron dos muestras T1 y T2 comparadas con una muestra control en la cual, se determinaron los parámetros fisicoquímicos como densidad, pH y contenido alcohólico y la determinación sensorial de las muestras se realizó mediante 27 panelistas no entrenados. Resultados y Discusión: Se encontraron diferencias significativas en la densidad y en el contenido alcohólico siendo la muestra T2 la que obtuvo mejores resultados en el aspecto sensorial siendo la preferida por los panelistas encuestados. Conclusiones: La valoración global de la muestra B, indica que fue considerada de mayor calidad y preferencia en comparación con la muestra A. Estos resultados resaltan la importancia de la innovación en la industria cervecera, ya que la inclusión de ingredientes locales puede no solo mejorar el perfil de sabor de la cerveza, sino también contribuir a la promoción de productos locales y sostenibles.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Beer is the most popular alcoholic beverage in the world and the use of additives during its production can improve its physicochemical and organoleptic properties. Objective: To evaluate the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of craft beer by applying a corn and rice cereal base for malt substitution. Materials and Methods: The cereal base (corn and rice) was purchased in the local market of the Portoviejo canton, province of Manabí and two samples, T1 and T2, were made compared with a control sample in which the physicochemical parameters such as density, pH and alcohol content were determined and the sensory determination of the samples was carried out by 27 untrained panelists. Results and Discussion: Significant differences were found in density and alcoholic content, with sample T2 being the one that obtained the best results in the sensory aspect, being the one preferred by the panelists surveyed. Conclusions: The overall assessment of sample B indicates that it was considered to be of higher quality and preference compared to sample A. These results highlight the importance of innovation in the beer industry, since the inclusion of local ingredients can not only improve the flavor profile of beer, but also contribute to the promotion of local and sustainable products.

Resumo A ciudade de Bariloche é paradigmática por sua limitada planificação territorial e as marcadas desigualdades socioeconômicas e ambientais em seu exido. Assimesmo, desde 1960 a preponderância na atividade turística tem direcionado o desenvolvimento da cidade e encontra-se em tensão com outras atividades como a produção local de alimentos frescos. Estes produtos são trazidos geralmente de outras regiões, impactando sua qualidade e acesibilidade para a população em general. Entanto, existem experiências de hortas que abastecem em parte à cidade de alimentos e geram una dinâmica social relevante na hora de reduzir as desigualdades presentadas, mas não existe uma sistematização da informação sobre esta atividad produtiva na cidade. Ante esse contexto, nosso objetivo geral foi realizar um mapeamento das produções hortícolas de Bariloche, com uma abordagem socioeconômica, ambiental e productiva, construindo o primeiro sistema de informação geográfica hortícola da cidade que permita estabelecer e visibilizar a aportação das hortas urbanas como provedoras de um ambiente saudável, com exercício da soberania alimentar.

Abstract The city of Bariloche is paradigmatic for its scarce territorial planning and the marked socioeconomic and environmental inequalities within its boundaries. In this city, the preponderant tourist activity has directed since 1960 the development of the city and is in tension with other activities such as the local production of fresh food. These products are generally brought from other regions, impacting their quality and accessibility for the general population. Meanwhile, there are experiences of vegetable gardens that partly supply the city with food, and generate a relevant social dynamic when it comes to reducing the inequalities presented, but there is no systematization of information on this productive activity in the city. In this context, our general objective was to map the horticultural productions of Bariloche, with a socioeconomic, environmental, and productive approach, building the first horticultural geographic information system of the city that allows to establish and make visible the contribution of urban vegetable gardens as providers of a healthy environment with the exercise of food sovereignty.

Resumen La ciudad de Bariloche es paradigmática por su escasa planificación territorial y las marcadas desigualdades socioeconómicas y ambientales en su ejido. Asimismo, desde 1960 la preponderancia la actividad turística ha direccionado el desarrollo de la ciudad y se encuentra en tensión con otras actividades como la producción local de alimentos frescos. Estos productos son traídos generalmente de otras regiones, impactando su calidad y accesibilidad para la población en general. En tanto, existen experiencias de huertas que abastecen en parte a la ciudad de alimentos y generan una dinámica social relevante a la hora de reducir las desigualdades presentadas, pero no existe una sistematización de la información sobre esta actividad productiva en la ciudad. Ante este contexto, nuestro objetivo general fue mapear las producciones hortícolas de Bariloche, con un abordaje socioeconómico, ambiental y productivo, construyendo el primer sistema de información geográfica hortícola de la ciudad que permita establecer y visibilizar el aporte de las huertas urbanas como proveedores de un ambiente sano con ejercicio de la soberanía alimentaria.

Resumen Se estudiaron la flora útil y los usos de las plantas del área rural de Linares, Nuevo León. Se realizaron 180 encuestas semiestructuradas en seis ejidos. Se registraron 75 familias, 194 géneros y 253 especies con uso etnobotánico. Las principales categorías de uso fueron: ornamental (105 especies), medicinal (83), alimento (6) y maderable (25), las 34 especies restantes son utilizadas como forraje, cosméticos y creencias. Cactaceae (19), Fabaceae (15), Asteraceae (15), Poaceae (15), Lamiaceae (12), Solanaceae (6), Asparagaceae (6) y Rutaceae (4) registraron el mayor número de taxa. Del total de especies identificadas, 120 son nativas y 133 exóticas. Respecto al uso medicinal, Allium sativum, Aloe vera, Echinocereus poselgeri, Equisetum laevigatum, Croton suaveolens, Mentha spicata, Litsea glaucescens y Ruta graveolens resultaron las más utilizadas. Las principales especies maderables fueron: Prosopis glandulosa, Vachellia farnesiana, Ebenopsis ebano, Havardia pallens, Quercus canbyi, Carya illinoinensis, Pinus cembroides, P. montezumae y P. teocote. Para el Factor de Consenso del Informante (FCI) las medicinales se utilizan, principalmente, para curar males de los sistemas respiratorio, circulatorio, reproductivo y digestivo. Los taxa con los valores más altos del Índice de Valor de Uso (IVU) fueron Dysphania ambrosioides, Allium cepa y A. sativum, todas con valor=1. Respecto al Índice de Fidelidad (IF, %), los mayores porcentajes correspondieron a Artemisia ludoviciana, Cymbopogon citratus y Hedeoma drummondii. La región rural de Linares posee una rica flora útil que se utiliza principalmente como ornamental, medicinal, alimenticia, forrajera y maderable.

Abstract The useful flora and uses of plants in the rural area of Linares, Nuevo León were analyzed. A total of 180 semi-structured surveys were conducted in six ejidos. 75 families, 194 genera and 253 species with ethnobotanical use were recorded. The main categories of use were: ornamental (105 species), medicinal (83), food (6) and timber (25); the remaining 34 species are used as fodder, cosmetics and beliefs. Cactaceae (19), Fabaceae (15), Asteraceae (15), Poaceae (15), Lamiaceae (12), Solanaceae (6), Asparagaceae (6), and Rutaceae (4) recorded the highest number of taxa. Of the total number of identified species, 120 are native, and 133 are exotic. As for the medicinal use, Allium sativum, Aloe vera, Echinocereus poselgeri, Equisetum laevigatum, Croton suaveolens, Mentha spicata, Litsea glaucescens and Ruta graveolens were the most widely used. The main timber species were Prosopis glandulosa, Vachellia farnesiana, Ebenopsis ebano, Havardia pallens, Quercus canbyi, Carya illinoinensis, Pinus cembroides, P. montezumae, and P. teocote. For the Informant Consensus Factor (ICF), medicinal plants are mainly used to cure ailments of the respiratory, circulatory, reproductive, and digestive systems. The taxa with the highest Use Value Index (UVI), equal to 1 in every case, were Dysphania ambrosioides, Allium cepa, and A. sativum. In regard to the Fidelity Index (FI, %), the highest percentages corresponded to Artemisia ludoviciana, Cymbopogon citratus, and Hedeoma drummondii. The Linares rural region has a rich useful flora, which is mainly used as ornamental, medicinal, food, forage and timber.

RESUMO As práticas agrícolas promovem alterações nas propriedades físicas do solo, ocasionando modificações na sua densidade, porosidade, na distribuição do diâmetro dos poros e na retenção de água pelo solo que influencia na disponibilidade às plantas. A agricultura de precisão atua como uma ferramenta que auxilia no manejo do solo favorecendo a produtividade agrícola. Dentro desta lógica, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a influência da variabilidade espacial dos atributos físicos de um Espodossolo na produtividade da cultura de cana-de-açúcar. As amostragens do solo e da produtividade da cultura foram realizadas em 90 pontos escolhidos aleatoriamente na área experimental. Foram coletadas amostras deformadas e não deformadas nas camadas de solo de 0,00-0,20 e 0,20-0,40 m, a fim de analisar os atributos: textura, densidade do solo, umidade na capacidade de campo, porosidade total, macro e microporosidade. As maiores produtividades de cana-de-açúcar foram observadas em regiões com solo mais aerado, com menor densidade do solo e maior porosidade total, e com maior capacidade de retenção de água na camada de 0,00-0,20 m. Não foi possível detectar dependência espacial para as frações granulométricas do solo com o esquema de amostragem utilizado, exceto para a argila na camada de 0,20-0,40 m. O modelo esférico foi o que melhor se ajustou ao conjunto dos dados das variáveis estudadas. plantas agrícola lógica canadeaçúcar. canadeaçúcar cana açúcar. açúcar 9 experimental 0,000,20 000020 0,00 0,20 0 00 20 0,00-0,2 0,200,40 020040 0,40 40 0,20-0,4 m textura campo total microporosidade aerado utilizado estudadas 000 0,000,2 00002 0,0 020 0,2 2 0,00-0, 200 0,200,4 02004 040 0,4 4 0,20-0, 0,000, 0000 0, 02 0,00-0 0,200, 0200 04 0,20-0 0,000 0,00- 0,200 0,20-

ABSTRACT Agricultural practices promote alterations in the physical properties of the soil, causing changes in its bulk density, porosity, distribution of pore diameter and water retention, which influences the availability to the plants. Precision agriculture acts as a tool that assists in soil management, favoring agricultural yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the spatial variability of the physical attributes of a Spodosol on sugarcane yield. Soil sampling and crop yield evaluations were performed at 90 randomly chosen points in the experimental area. Disturbed and undisturbed samples were collected in the soil layers of 0.00-0.20 and 0.20-0.40 m to analyze the attributes: particle size, bulk density, field capacity, total porosity, macroporosity and microporosity. The highest sugarcane yields were observed in regions with more aerated soil, with lower bulk density and higher total porosity, and with greater water retention capacity in the 0.00-0.20 m layer. It was not possible to detect spatial dependence for the granulometric fractions of the soil with the sampling scheme used, except for the clay in the 0.20-0.40 m layer. The spherical model was the one that best fitted to the set of data of the studied variables. porosity plants management 9 area 0.000.20 000020 0.00 0.20 0 00 20 0.00-0.2 0.200.40 020040 0.40 40 0.20-0.4 size microporosity layer used variables 000 0.000.2 00002 0.0 020 0.2 2 0.00-0. 200 0.200.4 02004 040 0.4 4 0.20-0. 0.000. 0000 0. 02 0.00-0 0.200. 0200 04 0.20-0 0.000 0.00- 0.200 0.20-

Resumen. El acoso sexual constituye un fenómeno que se evidencia cada vez con mayor frecuencia en la educación superior. Sin embargo, debido a la falta de instrumentos que evalúen el acoso sexual, se desconoce la magnitud de este fenómeno en el Ecuador. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la validez de constructo y la confiabilidad por consistencia interna de una escala de medición de acoso sexual en instituciones de educación superior (ASIES). El instrumento analiza 21 comportamientos relacionados con el acoso sexual. Se aplicó en 4.628 personas. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de los ítems, un análisis de correlación ítem-total y un análisis factorial, tanto exploratorio como confirmatorio, para probar la estructura interna de la escala. Se encontró que el modelo de 4 factores y un factor de segundo orden fueron los que presentaron mejor ajuste (CFI = .99, TLI = .99, SRMR = .075 y RMSEA = .018). Los resultados confirman las cuatro dimensiones planteadas para la medición del acoso sexual.

Abstract. Sexual harassment has become increasingly common in Ecuador’s higher education centers. However, due to the lack of instruments that evaluate sexual harassment, the magnitude of this phenomenon in Ecuador is unknown. This research aims to analyze the construct validity and internal consistency reliability of a sexual harassment measurement scale in higher education institutions (ASIES). The instrument analyzes 21 behaviors related to sexual harassment. The sample consisted of 4628 people. A descriptive analysis of the items, item-total correlation analysis, and both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis are performed to test the internal structure of the scale. It was found that the 4-factor model and a second-order factor presented a better fit (CFI = .99, TLI = .99, SRMR = .075, and RMSEA = .018). The results confirm the four dimensions proposed.

Abstract: The effects of the pandemic on micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) have proven to be severe in most economies of the world. Thus, the objective of this study is to estimate the impact of the crisis generated by the Covid-19 pandemic on employment, sales and relations with suppliers and clients in Paraguayan MSMEs. To achieve this, a survey was conducted among 227 owners and managers of MSMEs in the Capital and Central Department, in the manufacturing industry, service and other sectors (commerce, construction), during the months of February to April 2021. A quantitative analysis of data was carried out by applying Pearson's Chi-square test and analysis of variance. The results obtained indicate that small and medium-sized companies have been greatly affected by the tightening of payment terms by suppliers. Likewise, customer payment terms have had a negative impact on medium-sized companies. It is also observed that in 2020 compared to 2019, there was a significant decrease in employment without differentiating size, sector or years in the market. However, it is evident that young companies have had a greater capacity to maintain employment. Likewise, the balance of sales evolution has been generally negative in MSMEs, but the results show that during the pandemic, the manufacturing industry sector has had a greater capacity to maintain sales compared to other sectors.

Resumen: Los efectos de la pandemia en las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas (mipymes) han resultado ser graves en la mayoría de las economías del mundo. Así, el objetivo de este estudio es estimar el impacto de la crisis generada por la pandemia del Covid-19 en el empleo, en las ventas y en las relaciones con proveedores y clientes en las mipymes paraguayas. Para lograr el esto, se realizó una encuesta a 227 propietarios y gerentes de mipymes de Capital y Departamento Central, en los sectores de industria manufacturera, servicio y otros (comercio, construcción), durante los meses de febrero a abril de 2021. Se ha realizado un análisis cuantitativo de datos aplicando la prueba Chi cuadrada de Pearson y el análisis de varianza. Los resultados obtenidos señalan que las pequeñas y medianas empresas han sido muy afectadas por el endurecimiento en los plazos de pagos por parte de los proveedores. Asimismo, los plazos de pagos de los clientes han repercutido negativamente de forma más contundente en las medianas empresas. También se observa que en el 2020 en comparación con el 2019, hubo importante disminución del empleo sin diferenciar tamaño, sector o antigüedad. Sin embargo, se evidencia que las empresas jóvenes han tenido mayor capacidad para mantener los empleos. Asimismo, el saldo de evolución de las ventas ha sido en general negativo en las mipymes, pero los resultados muestran que durante la pandemia, el sector de industria manufacturera ha tenido mayor capacidad para mantener las ventas en comparación de los otros sectores.

Resumen Introducción: El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue describir la distribución de diagnósticos en una serie de 273 pacientes mayores de 65 años que consultaron por masas cervicales e identificar características semiológicas asociadas a malignidad. Métodos: Las masas cervicales fueron categorizadas como lesiones congénitas (n = 7, 3%, 95% CI: 1%- 5%), masas de origen inflamatorio (n = 67, 25%, 95% CI: 19%-30%), neoplasias benignas (n = 77, 28%, 95% CI: 23%- 34%) y neoplasias malignas (n = 87, 32%, 95% CI: 26%-38%). Resultados: Un grupo de pacientes discontinuó el tratamiento y en consecuencia no fue posible alcanzar un diagnóstico defini tivo (n = 35, 12%). La edad (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.00-1.12), el sexo masculino (OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.11-4.96), los antecedentes de cáncer (OR 2.66, 95% CI 1.02-6.92), la fijación de la masa a los planos profundos o a piel (OR 4.87, 95% CI 2.20-10.76) y la afectación de más de un nivel ganglionar del cuello (OR 4.15, 95% CI 1.64-10.51) fueron identificados como características semiológicas asociadas a malignidad. Conclusión: En presencia de una masa cervical en un paciente adulto mayor debe existir una fuerte sospecha de origen neoplásico.

Abstract Introduction: The purposes of our study were to describe the distribution of diagnoses in a series of 273 patients over 65 years of age who presented for neck masses and to identify semiological fea tures associated with malignancy. Methods: Neck masses were categorized as congenital lesions (n = 7, 3%, 95% CI: 1%- 5%), inflammatory masses (n = 67, 25%, 95% CI: 19%- 30%), benign neoplasms (n = 77, 28%, 95% CI: 23%- 34%), and malignant neoplasms (n = 87, 32%, 95% CI: 26%- 38%). Results: A group of patients had discontinued care and, consequently, a definitive diagnosis could not be reached (n = 35, 12%). Age (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.00-1.12), male sex (OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.11-4.96), prior history of cancer (OR 2.66, 95% CI 1.02-6.92), mass fixation to skin or deep tissues (OR 4.87, 95% CI 2.20-10.76), and the involvement of multiple cervical lymph node levels (OR 4.15, 95% CI 1.64-10.51) were identified as semiological features associated with malignancy. Conclusion: In the case of a neck mass in an elderly patient, its neoplastic origin should be strongly suspected.

ABSTRACT Background: Malaria is one of the leading causes of morbidity worldwide, and patient adherence to prescribed antimalarials is essential for effective treatment. Methods: This cross-sectional study, with in-depth telephone interviews, analyzed participants’ perceptions of short message service (SMS) in adherence to treatment. Results: Five thematic categories emerged: decreased forgetfulness, the novelty of the tool, easy-to-understand language, the impact of SMS messages during treatment, and suggestions for improvement and complaints. Conclusions: SMS could assist patients in adhering to prescribed antimalarials. Background worldwide treatment Methods crosssectional cross sectional study indepth depth interviews participants (SMS Results emerged forgetfulness tool easytounderstand easy understand language complaints Conclusions

ABSTRACT Soil management carried out in areas with sugarcane production causes changes in the soil physical attributes, and geostatistics makes it possible to study the behavior of the spatial distribution of these variations. This study aimed to evaluate the behavior of the spatial distribution of sugarcane yield averages according to the altitude and soil physical attributes along a transect in Goiana, Pernambuco, Brazil. Sugarcane yield averages, altitudes, and soil physical attributes, such as soil bulk density, total porosity, micro and macro porosity, sand (total, coarse, and fine), silt, and clay, in the 0.00-0.20 and 0.20-0.40 m soil layers were determined at 20 m intervals along the transect characterized by a toposequence of Ultisols and Spodosols. Exploratory data analysis was performed with the aid of descriptive statistics. The analysis of spatial dependence was performed using geostatistics. Pairs of semivariances were obtained using the GS+ software. The development and adjustment of the semivariograms were performed using the GEOEAS geostatistical tool. The highest contents of the finest soil particles were found in the lowest sections of the transect, in the 0.20-0.40 m soil layers. The highest amount of macropores was observed in the subsurface soil layer. The areas with the lowest amount of micropores showed the lowest average sugarcane yield, around 32.00 t.ha-1. The geostatistical model that best fitted the data set was the spherical model.

RESUMO O manejo do solo em áreas com produção de cana-deaçúcar ocasiona modificações nos atributos físicos do solo, e a geoestatística permite estudar o comportamento de distribuição espacial destas variações. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o comportamento da distribuição espacial da produtividade média da cana-de-açúcar, da altitude e dos atributos físicos do solo ao longo um transecto, localizado no município de Goiana, estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. A produtividade média da cana-de-açúcar, a altitude e os atributos físicos do solo: densidade do solo, porosidade total, micro e macro porosidade, areia (total, grossa e fina), silte e argila, nas camadas de 0,00-0,20 e 0,20-0,40 m de profundidade, foram quantificados em 145 pontos com intervalos de 20 m entre os pontos ao longo do transecto caracterizado por uma toposequência de Argissolo e Espodossolo. A análise exploratória dos dados foi realizada por meio da estatística descritiva. A análise de dependência espacial foi realizada por meio da geoestatística. Os pares das semivariâncias foram obtidos utilizando o programa GS+. A construção e o ajuste dos semivariogramas foram realizados utilizando a ferramenta geoestatística GEOEAS. Os maiores conteúdo de argila e silte foram verificados nos trechos mais baixos do transecto, na camada de 0,20-0,40 m. O maior conteúdo de macroporos foi observado na camada subsuperficial do solo. Os trechos com menor conteúdo de microporos, apresentaram menor produtividade média da cana-de-açúcar, em torno de 32,00 t.ha-1. O modelo geoestatístico que melhor se ajustou ao conjunto dos dados foi o esférico.

Abstract Introduction The intervention of occupational therapy with elderly people in end-of-life processes in hospital contexts presents short scientific documentation in Chile. Given the increase in the elderly population, their high prevalence of chronic diseases, and the hospital mortality rates, the need to review the interventions carried out in the end-of-life processes of the elderly are identified. Objective To characterize occupational therapy interventions with elderly people who are in their end-of-life process, from the perception of occupational therapists dedicated to the area, in public hospital contexts in Chile. Method The research is of a qualitative type framed within the constructivist paradigm under the phenomenological approach, using the semi-structured interview as an information collection technique and subsequent content analysis. The study sample is made up of occupational therapists who work in public hospitals in the country. Results Occupational therapists are identified as agents that provide humanizing care and support during interventions in end-of-life processes, and families mainly as a facilitator of the same. In these processes, an integral vision of the person is revealed. Conclusions There is consensus on the occupational therapy approach and interventions identified by the participants, and it is similar to what is described in the international literature. There is a lack of local public policy guidelines that allow a better definition of the professional role in this context.

Resumo Introdução A intervenção da terapia ocupacional com idosos nos processos de fim de vida em contextos hospitalares apresenta pouca documentação científica no Chile. Diante do aumento da população idosa, da alta prevalência de doenças crônicas nesta população e das taxas de mortalidade hospitalar, identifica-se a necessidade de rever as intervenções realizadas nos processos de fim de vida do idoso. Objetivo Caracterizar as intervenções de terapia ocupacional com idosos em processo de fim de vida, a partir da percepção de terapeutas ocupacionais da área, em contextos hospitalares públicos no Chile. Método A pesquisa é do tipo qualitativo na perspectiva do paradigma construtivista sob a abordagem fenomenológica, utilizando-se de entrevista semiestruturada como técnica de coleta de informações e posterior análise de conteúdo. A amostra do estudo é composta por terapeutas ocupacionais que atuam em hospitais públicos no Chile. Resultados Os terapeutas ocupacionais são identificados como agentes que prestam atendimento humanizado e apoio durante as intervenções nos processos de fim de vida, e à família, principalmente como facilitadora deste processo. Nesses momentos, revela-se uma visão integral da pessoa. Conclusões Há consenso sobre a abordagem e intervenções da terapia ocupacional identificadas pelos participantes, sendo semelhante ao descrito na literatura estrangeira. Faltam diretrizes de políticas públicas locais que permitam uma melhor definição do papel do profissional nesse contexto.

Resumen Introducción La intervención de terapia ocupacional con personas mayores en procesos de fin de vida en contextos hospitalarios presenta escasa documentación científica en Chile. Dado el aumento de la población mayor, la alta prevalencia de enfermedades crónicas en ella y las tasas de mortalidad hospitalaria, se identifica la necesidad de revisar las intervenciones que se realizan en los procesos de fin de vida de las personas mayores. Objetivo Caracterizar intervenciones de terapia ocupacional con personas mayores que cursan su proceso de fin de vida, desde la percepción de terapeutas ocupacionales dedicados/as al área, en contextos hospitalarios públicos de Chile. Método La investigación es de tipo cualitativa enmarcada dentro del paradigma constructivista bajo el enfoque fenomenológico, utilizando como técnica de recolección de información la entrevista semiestructurada y posterior análisis de contenido. La muestra de estudio está compuesta por terapeutas ocupacionales que ejercen su labor en hospitales públicos del país. Resultados Se identifica a terapeutas ocupacionales como agentes que otorgan cuidados humanizantes y acompañamiento durante las intervenciones en procesos de fin de vida, y a las familias como un facilitador del mismo. Se releva una visión integral de la persona en estos procesos. Conclusiones Existe consenso en el enfoque e intervenciones de terapia ocupacional identificadas por las/os participantes, y resulta similar a lo descrito en la literatura internacional. Faltan lineamientos de política pública local que permitan definir de mejor manera el rol profesional en este contexto.

RESUMEN Fundamentos: La bronquiolitis es la primera causa de hospitalización en menores de un año, presentándose en forma de epidemias anuales. Desde el inicio de la pandemia por la enfermedad causada por el coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) se ha producido un cambio en la transmisión de otros virus respiratorios. Nuestro objetivo en este trabajo fue describir cómo había afectado la pandemia de la COVID-19 a la distribución de la bronquiolitis aguda en nuestro país. Métodos: Realizamos un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de los casos de bronquiolitis atendidos en una muestra de hospitales españoles que pertenecían a cuatro comunidades autónomas. Empleado el test chi-cuadrado y la prueba t de Student comparamos variables epidemiológicas y demográficas de los casos de bronquiolitis atendidos durante enero de 2021 y junio 2021, con los tres años anteriores (2018-2020). Resultados: Analizamos 6.124 casos de bronquiolitis (58,8% varones y 41,2% mujeres). La media de edad fue de 0,5 años (DE: 0,4). En 2020 observamos un descenso de casos de bronquiolitis con respecto a 2019 del 67%. Durante 2020 y 2021 la temporada epidémica empezó en enero-febrero y alcanzó su pico máximo en junio. Durante el primer semestre de 2021, el porcentaje más elevado de ingresos por bronquiolitis asociados a infección VRS fue observado en hospitales del centro de España correspondientes a la Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid (78,5% de los ingresos). Conclusiones: La pandemia por la COVID-19 modifica de manera significativa la estacionalidad de la bronquiolitis. En nuestro país, el flujo y distribución de la enfermedad no es uniforme, comenzado por el centro peninsular y, por último, la zona litoral.

ABSTRACT Background: Bronchiolitis is the leading cause of hospitalization in children under one year of age, with annual epidemics. Since the onset of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19), there has been a change in the transmission of other respiratory viruses. Our aim in this paper was to describe how COVID-19 had affected the distribution of acute bronchiolitis in our country. Methods: We conducted a retrospective descriptive study of the cases of bronchiolitis treated in a sample of Spanish hospitals belonging to four autonomous communities. A chi-square test and Student's t- test were used to compare epidemiological and demographic variables between patients attending the hospital with bronchiolitis during January 2021-June 2021 with patients attending the hospital in the previous three years (2018-2020). Results: We analyzed 6,124 cases of bronchiolitis (58.8% males and 41.2% females). The mean age was 0.5 years (SD: 0.4). In 2020, we observed a decrease of bronchiolitis cases compared to 2019 of 67%. During 2020 and 2021, the epidemic season started in January-February and peaked in June. During the first half of 2021, the highest percentage of admissions for bronchiolitis associated with RSV infection was observed in hospitals in central Spain corresponding to the Autonomous Community of Madrid (78.5% of admissions). Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly modifies the seasonality of bronchiolitis. In our country, the flow and distribution of the disease are not uniform. It starts in the center of Spain and ends on the coast.

Resumen Introducción: Datos de varios países del mundo sugieren que los niños con COVID-19 podrían presentar síntomas diferentes y menos graves que los adultos. Sin embargo, los patrones epidemiológicos y clínicos en este grupo poblacional son poco claros. Métodos: El presente es un estudio observacional, con una caracterización inicial transversal-analítica, y con un componente longitudinal o de seguimiento a un grupo de menores con sospecha y/o diagnóstico confirmado de COVID-19, que presentaron desenlaces como mejoría, traslado a un nivel superior de atención o defunción por sintomatología respiratoria. Los niños recibieron atención médica en el Hospital General Regional con Medicina Familiar N.° 1 (HGR C/MF N.° 1), y se les realizó prueba de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en tiempo real (RT-PCR). Resultados: Se estudiaron 98 niños como casos sospechosos para COVID-19, a quienes se les realizó RT-PCR. Del total, 24 resultaron positivos y 74 fueron negativos. La mediana de edad de los participantes fue 64,4 meses (0 a 203 meses), 55 menores eran de sexo masculino, 59 niños tuvieron manejo ambulatorio, y de estos, 14 presentaron resultado positivo. Entre los que requirieron manejo hospitalario (39), 10 niños dieron positivo para SARS-CoV-2, 84,7% alcanzaron mejoría y fueron dados de alta, 4 fueron trasladados a hospitales de nivel superior de atención. De los 98 niños en estudio, 11 fallecieron, 7 con resultado negativo y 4 con resultado positivo para SARS-CoV-2. Conclusiones: Los principales síntomas de la población pediátrica en este estudio fueron fiebre, tos y malestar general. De los niños que fallecieron, 4 presentaron resultado positivo para SARS-CoV-2, no obstante, estos presentaban otras comorbilidades.

Abstract Introduction: Data from several countries around the world suggest that children with COVID-19 may present different and less severe symptoms than adults. However, the epidemiological and clinical patterns in this population group have been unclear. Methods: This is an observational study, with an initial cross-analytical characterization, and with a longitudinal or follow-up component in a group of minors with suspected and or confirmed case of COVID-19, which have outcomes such as improvement, transfer to a higher level of care or death due to respiratory symptoms. The children received medical attention at the Regional General Hospital with Family Medicine No 1 (HGR C / MF No 1), and underwent a Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction test (RT-PCR). Results: 98 children were studied as suspected cases for COVID-19, who underwent RT-PCR. Of the total 24 were positive and 74 were negatives. The median age was 64.4 months (0 to 203 months), 55 minors were male, 59 children had outpatient management, and of these, 14 had a positive result. Among those who required hospital management (39), 10 children were positive for SARS-CoV-2, 84.7% achieved improvement and were discharged, and four were transferred to a higher level of care hospital. Of the 98 children in the study, 11 died, seven had a negative result and four a positive result for SARS-CoV-2. Conclusions: The main symptoms of the pediatric population in this study were fever, cough and general discomfort. Four of those who died had a positive result for SARS-CoV-2, however, they had other comorbidities.

Abstract: Ecuador, under the right of access to public information, created the Automatic Ecuadorian Judicial Procedure System (SATJE). This system was born in 1999 as an automation process after the entry into force of the Law of Transparency and Free Access to Public Information, with the aim of complying with the right to public information in court cases. The objective of this investigation was to determine if SATJE can affect fundamental human rights in relation to the external consultation module. In conclusion, the case consultation module may violate human rights such as privacy, honor and data protection, as well as emerging rights such as the right to be forgotten.

Resumen: Ecuador, bajo el derecho al acceso a la información pública, creó el Sistema Automático de Trámite Judicial Ecuatoriano (SATJE). Este sistema surgió con el objetivo de cumplir con el derecho de acceso a la información pública de las causas judiciales. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar si el SATJE puede afectar los derechos humanos fundamentales contemplados en la Constitución de 2008. Para ello, se aplicó una metodología cualitativa con énfasis en la investigación bibliográfica y en las decisiones jurisprudenciales de la Corte Constitucional del Ecuador. De esta forma, se llegó a la conclusión de que el módulo de consulta de causas puede vulnerar derechos humanos como la intimidad, el honor y la protección de datos, así como derechos emergentes, por ejemplo, el derecho al olvido.