The Neotropical genus Xanthandrus Verral, 1901 is revised. Six species are redescribed: X. bucephalus (Wiedemann, 1830), X. cubanus Fluke, 1936, X. mellinoides (Macquart, 1846), X. mexicanus Curran, 1930, X. nitidulus Fluke, 1937, and X. plaumanni Fluke, 1937. Three species are included based on original descriptions: X. flavomaculatus Shannon, 1927, X. palliatus (Fluke, 1945), and X. simplex (Loew, 1861). New synonyms proposed: Argentinomyia longicornis (Walker, 1837) = Xanthandrus biguttatus Hull, 1945 syn. nov., and Xanthandrus bucephalus (Wiedemann, 1830) = Melanostoma quadrinotata Bigot, 1884 syn. nov. Description of terminalia, a key for Neotropical species, and illustrations are also presented.

The systematic position of four species considered as Cyrtoneurina in Carvalho et al. (1993) - C. alifusca Couri, 1982; C. brunnea (Hough, 1900); C. pallipes Stein, 1918 and C. scutellata Johnson, 1919 are discussed. These species were originally described, respectively, in Cyrtoneurina, Muscina, Cyrtoneurina and Clinopera. The detailed analysis of the morphology, especially of the terminalia, enabled the transference of C. brunnea and C. pallipes to Cyrtoneuropsis and C. scutellata to Neomuscina, all are new combinations, and the confirmation of C. alifusca in the Cyrtoneurina. The morphology of the terminalia is described and illustrated. The lectotype of Cyrtoneuropsis pallipes (Stein, 1918) is herein proposed.

The redescription of Triorla interrupta (Macquart, 1834) and T. striola (Fabricius, 1805) and the description of T. parastriola sp.n. are presented with illustrations of the abdomens, inale and female terminalia and the spemiathecae.

Redescription is made for Cyrtoneurina geminata (Stein, 1904), herein considered as a good species (not synonym of Cyrtoneurina gemina as stated in Carvalho et al. 1993). The type-scries of Paracyrtoneurina gluta (Giglio-Tos, 1893) (see Pamplona in press) is analysed and the male holotype and a female paratype are redescribed.

Chortinus Aldrich, 1932 is a monobasic genus, with C. bequaerti Aldrich, 1832 as the only known described species, and was considered as a synonym of Cyrtoneurina Giglio-Tos, 1893 by Carvalho et al. (1993). Chortinus is herein revalidate, based on the examination of adults and original description. The male terminalia is herein described for the first time. A key to distinguish these two genera is also presented.

The author revalidates the genus Sarcopromusca Townsend, 1927 including two species: S. pruna (Shannon & Del Ponte, 1926) and S. sarcophagina (Wulp, 1896). The former is herein redescribed with illustrations and known geographical distribution. A key to distinguish Morellia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, Orthellia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, Pyrellia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 and Sarcopromusca Townsend, 1927 is also presented.

Data on the genus Ophyra and on its known neotropical species are presented as well as a key to segregate them.