Abstract This article interprets the song Lamento Sertanejo starting from a “history from the vanquished point of view”. We interpret the song in dialogue with the works Os Sertões by Euclides da Cunha, and Grande Sertão: Veredas, by Guimarães Rosa. Our hypothesis is that Lamento Sertanejo expresses the country/city duality in another interpretative key, presenting a vision of a nation where these two spaces are connected in a contradictory unity. Bringing the theme of isolation in the big city and the memory, Lamento Sertanejo offers us a panorama of the nation fractured by the conservative modernization process perpetuated by the civil military dictatorship in the 1970s. history view. view . view” Cunha Sertão Veredas Rosa countrycity country key unity memory 1970s s

Resumo Este artigo faz uma interpretação da canção Lamento Sertanejo partindo de uma “história do ponto de vista dos vencidos”. Interpretamos a canção em diálogo com as obras Os Sertões, de Euclides da Cunha, e Grande Sertão: Veredas, de Guimarães Rosa. Nossa hipótese é a de que Lamento Sertanejo expressa a dualidade sertão/cidade, presente nas duas obras, em outra chave interpretativa, apresentando uma visão de país em que esses dois espaços se conectam em uma unidade contraditória. A obra se configura como uma “canção de exílio”. Trazendo o tema do isolamento na cidade grande e da memória, Lamento Sertanejo nos oferece um panorama da nação fraturada pelo processo de modernização conservadora empenhado pela ditadura civil militar nos anos 1970. história vencidos. vencidos . vencidos” Sertões Cunha Sertão Veredas Rosa sertãocidade sertão sertão/cidade interpretativa contraditória exílio. exílio exílio” memória 1970 197 19 1

ABSTRACT: The use of crop residues as a bioenergy feedstock is considered a potential strategy to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, indiscriminate harvesting of crop residues can induce deleterious effects on soil functioning, plant growth and other ecosystem services. Here, we have summarized the information available in the literature to identify and discuss the main trade-offs and synergisms involved in crop residue management for bioenergy production. The data consistently showed that crop residue harvest and the consequent lower input of organic matter into the soil led to C storage depletions over time, reducing cycling, supply and availability of soil nutrients, directly affecting the soil biota. Although the biota regulates key functions in the soil, crop residue can also cause proliferation of some important agricultural pests. In addition, crop residues act as physical barriers that protect the soil against raindrop impact and temperature variations. Therefore, intensive crop residue harvest can cause soil structure degradation, leading to soil compaction and increased risks of erosion. With regard to GHG emissions, there is no consensus about the potential impact of management of crop residue harvest. In general, residue harvest decreases CO2 and N2O emissions from the decomposition process, but it has no significant effect on CH4 emissions. Plant growth responses to soil and microclimate changes due to crop residue harvest are site and crop specific. Adoption of the best management practices can mitigate the adverse impacts of crop residue harvest. Longterm experiments within strategic production regions are essential to understand and monitor the impact of integrated agricultural systems and propose customized solutions for sustainable crop residue management in each region or landscape. Furthermore, private and public investments/cooperations are necessary for a better understanding of the potential environmental, economic and social implications of crop residue use for bioenergy production.

Aiming to estimate the combining ability in tropical and temperate popcorn (Zea mays L. var. everta Sturt.) lines using multivariate analysis, ten popcorn lines were crossed in a complete diallel without reciprocals and the lines and hybrids were tested in two randomized complete block experiments with three replicates. Data were subjected to univariate and multivariate ANOVA, principal component analysis, and univariate and multivariate diallel analysis. For multivariate diallel analysis, variables were divided into group I (grain yield, mean weight of ears with grains, popping expansion, mean number of ears per plant, and final stand) and group II (days to silking, plant height, first ear height, and lodged or broken plants). The P2 line had positive values for agronomic traits related to yield and popping expansion for group I, whereas the P4 line had fewer days to silking and lodged or broken plants for group II. Regarding the hybrids, P2 x P7 exhibited favorable values for most of the analyzed variables and had potential for recommendation. The multivariate diallel analysis can be useful in popcorn genetic improvement programs, particularly when directed toward the best cross combinations, where the objective is to simultaneously obtain genetic gains in multiple traits.