ABSTRACT Coffee is a beverage that is widely consumed throughout the world, especially in Brazil. Its high market value makes it a prime target for fraud. To combat this fraud, different methods have been developed and improved over the years to detect potential adulterants in coffee and guarantee its authenticity. Nevertheless, these methods still pose a challenge. Therefore, this work aimed to identify adulteration markers in roasted and ground Arabica coffee using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to determine the flavonoid and phenolic acid profile. Samples of Arabica coffee beans and defective coffee beans were adulterated with coffee husks by preparing mixtures in different proportions (97:3, 90:10, 80:20 % w/w), which were then subjected to chromatographic and chemometric analyses, including principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Using the phenolic compounds associated with chemometric methods, protocatechuic acid was identified as a marker of adulteration in roasted and ground coffee with Arabica coffee husks, even at low adulterant concentrations (3 %). world Brazil fraud authenticity Nevertheless challenge Therefore highperformance performance HPLC (HPLC profile 973, 973 97 3, 3 (97:3 9010, 9010 90 10, 10 90:10 8020 80 20 80:2 w/w, ww w/w , w w/w) analyses PCA (PCA PLSDA. PLSDA PLS DA . (PLS-DA) ( %. %) 9 (97: 901 1 90:1 802 8 2 80: (PLS-DA (97 90: (9

ABSTRACT Considering that the expression of sweetpotato characters may vary according to the environment, we aimed to evaluate the nutritional performance of nine genotypes in two different regions. Experiments were carried out in Itabaiana, SE and Gama, DF, in 2015/2015 and 2015/2016 crop years. The experimental design was a four-replicate randomized block design of 10 plants per row, spaced 75 cm between rows and 40 cm between plants. The treatments were the Beauregard cultivar and eight clones 6, 8, 9, 33, 50, 66, 75, 79; in addition, two local cultivars (Olho Roxo and Ourinhos) were used as controls for sugar analysis. They were evaluated for dry matter, total carotenoid and betacarotene content; and the content of fructose, glucose, sucrose, and total soluble solids. Total and soluble sugars evaluations were performed only in 2015/2016. The resulting data underwent analysis of individual and pool variances, simple correlation, and grouping of treatment means by a Scott-Knott test. It was verified that dry matter, brix, total carotenoids, betacarotene, and sugar (fructose and glucose) levels were different in Itabaiana-SE and Gama-DF evaluations. These findings demonstrate the importance of regional validations of sweetpotato quality traits under different Brazilian conditions. environment regions Itabaiana Gama DF 20152015 2015 2015/201 20152016 2016 years fourreplicate four replicate 1 row 7 4 6 8 9 33 50 66 79 addition Olho Ourinhos matter fructose glucose sucrose solids variances correlation ScottKnott Scott Knott test brix carotenoids ItabaianaSE GamaDF conditions 2015201 201 2015/20 3 5 201520 20 2015/2 20152 2 2015/

Abstract Background and Aims: The Central Andes of Ecuador have been the scene of the cultural development of the indigenous Puruhá ethnic group. This development has been linked to the presence of the cabuya from the socio-ecological appropriation of its landscape (cabuyales) to its xeric ecosystems of the thorny steppe. Previous investigations had shown a multiplicity of uses of cabuya in the Puruhá ethnic group, but had not focused on the analysis of the biocultural persistence of this plant for the reproduction of its social being (relationships, practices and socio-ecological patterns that are produced and reproduced for the existence and survival of a particular ethnic group). Therefore, the objective of the study was to register the indicators of the cabuya as a key ethnospecies. Methods: A total of 107 field trips were carried out for the application of participatory methodologies such as participant observation and the interview in the Kichwa language. A total of 135 indigenous people were interviewed on various occasions (Max.=94/ x̅=68/Min.=32; 121 women and 14 men). The historical uses were documented through the bibliographic review of specialized literature. Key results: A total of 50 ethnobotanical uses associated with the current and historical contexts of the Puruhá culture were recorded, all these valued highly from the functions of the psycho-socio-cultural structure between 86% and 93%. The ethnotaxonomy recorded a diversity of 11 vernacular names associated with the ethnobotanical uses of cabuya, while the irreplaceability was recorded from the pre-Hispanic period of Integration (800 AD-1534 AD) to the present (XXI century). Conclusions: The results confirm that the technological process involved in the manufacture and socio-ecological use of biocultural artifacts of Furcraea andina visibilizes a routinization in the habitual activities of the puruháes and a cultural identity persistence of around 1200 years that has continuously enabled reproduction of the Puruhá social being.

Resumen Antecedentes y Objetivos: Los Andes Centrales del Ecuador han sido el escenario del desarrollo cultural de la etnia indígena Puruhá. Este desarrollo ha estado vinculado a la presencia de la cabuya desde la apropiación socio-ecológica de su paisaje (cabuyales) hasta sus ecosistemas xerófilos de la estepa espinosa. Investigaciones previas demuestran una multiplicidad de usos de la cabuya en la etnia Puruhá, pero no se habían focalizado en el análisis de la persistencia biocultural de esta planta para la reproducción de su ser social (relaciones, prácticas y patrones socio-ecológicos que se producen y reproducen para la existencia y pervivencia de un grupo étnico particular). Por ello, el objetivo del estudio fue registrar los indicadores de la cabuya como una etnoespecie clave. Métodos: Se realizaron 107 salidas de campo para la aplicación de metodologías participativas como la observación participante y la entrevista en lengua Kichwa. Un total de 135 indígenas fueron entrevistados en varias ocasiones (Máx.=94/ x̅=68/Mín.=32; 121 mujeres y 14 varones). Los usos históricos se documentaron mediante la revisión bibliográfica de literatura especializada. Resultados clave: Se registraron un total de 50 usos etnobotánicos asociados a los contextos actual e histórico de la cultura Puruhá, todos estos valorados altamente desde las funciones de la estructura psico-socio-cultural entre 86 y 93%. La etnotaxonomía registró una diversidad de 11 nombres vernáculos asociados a los usos etnobotánicos de la cabuya, mientras que la insustituibilidad fue registrada desde el periodo prehispánico de Integración (800 DC-1534 DC) hasta la actualidad (siglo XXI). Conclusiones: Los resultados confirman que el proceso tecnológico que conlleva la fabricación y uso socio-ecológico de los artefactos bioculturales de Furcraea andina, visibiliza una rutinización en las actividades habituales de los puruháes y una persistencia cultural identitaria de alrededor de 1200 años que ha posibilitado continuamente la reproducción del ser social Puruhá.

Abstract This work aimed to characterize some of the bioactive compounds of Eugenia punicifolia (Kunth) DC. fruit to enhance the knowledge of its functional potential. Ripe fruits were collected from the restinga of Maricá, in the state of Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. Bioactive compounds were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Ascorbic acid (74.14 mg 100-1 g-1), lycopene (504 µg g-1) and total carotenoids (632 µg g-1) contents were superior to other fruits rich in these compounds. In fact, E. punicifolia fruits are an excellent source of carotenoids and can be considered a good source of ascorbic acid (vitamin C). Furthermore, its chemical composition has presented phenolic compounds like gallic acid and anthocyanins. Thus, this underutilized Brazilian fruit stands out as a source of bioactive compounds, presenting a good potential as a functional food, especially due to the high content of lycopene. Kunth (Kunth DC Maricá RJ, RJ , (RJ) Brazil HPLC. HPLC . (HPLC) 74.14 7414 74 14 (74.1 1001 100 1 100- g1, g1 g 504 (50 g-1 632 (63 fact E vitamin C. C C) Furthermore anthocyanins Thus food (RJ (HPLC 74.1 741 7 (74. 10 50 (5 g- 63 (6 74. (74 5 ( 6 (7

Resumo Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar alguns dos compostos bioativos do fruto da Eugenia punicifolia (Kunth) DC. para aprofundar o conhecimento do seu potencial funcional. Frutos maduros foram coletados da restinga de Maricá-RJ, Brasil. Os compostos bioativos foram analisados por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência. Os teores de ácido ascórbico (74,14 mg 100-1 g-1), licopeno (504 µg g-1) e carotenoides totais (632 µg g-1) foram superiores aos de outras frutas ricas nesses compostos. Os frutos de E. punicifolia são uma excelente fonte de carotenoides e podem ser considerados uma boa fonte de ácido ascórbico (vitamina C). Além disso, sua composição química apresentou compostos fenólicos, como ácido gálico e antocianinas. Assim, essa fruta brasileira subutilizada se destaca como fonte de compostos bioativos, apresentando um bom potencial como alimento funcional, principalmente devido ao alto teor de licopeno. Kunth (Kunth DC funcional MaricáRJ, MaricáRJ Maricá RJ, RJ Maricá-RJ Brasil eficiência 74,14 7414 74 14 (74,1 1001 100 1 100- g1, g1 g , 504 (50 g-1 632 (63 E vitamina C. C . C) disso fenólicos antocianinas Assim 74,1 741 7 (74, 10 50 (5 g- 63 (6 74, (74 5 ( 6 (7

Abstract The soymilk is a ready-to-eat, nutritious and naturally cholesterol-free product. Several soybean specialty cultivars were developed in Brazil in order to increase the human consumption of soybean products. The aim of this work was to evaluate the nutritional composition and consumer acceptance of soymilk from three soybean cultivars with special features such as high-protein and isoflavone contents, mild flavor and lipoxygenase-free compared to three conventional ones. The soymilk was obtained after blanching with a bicarbonate solution, grinding, centrifugation and pasteurization. The physicochemical and nutritional evaluation data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s test to check differences among means, and the consumer data through cluster analysis and internal preference mapping. The lipoxygenases were inactivated after thermal processing. There were significant differences among soybean cultivars and soymilks related to the protein, isoflavones, oil, and sugar contents and soymilk yield (p < 0.05). The BRS 133 and BRS 284 cultivars and soymilks presented the highest total isoflavone content (p < 0.05). Regarding the overall consumer acceptance, there were significant differences among cultivars (p < 0.05) with means ranging from 5.9 to 6.7 and the lower score was obtained by BRS 267. However, the cluster analysis identified three consumer segments according to preference similarity. The cultivars BRS 284 and BRS 267 reached the highest mean among the consumers of segment 1 (6.8 and 6.7 respectively). The consumers of segment 2 preferred the cultivar without lipoxygenases, BRS 213 (mean of 7.5) while segment 3 preferred the BRS 133 (mean of 7.4). The process of blanching of soybean with bicarbonate solution, grinding with boiling water and pasteurization mitigated the differences between conventional and specialty cultivars and the six cultivars evaluated were suitable for soymilk production. readytoeat, readytoeat ready eat, eat ready-to-eat cholesterolfree cholesterol free product products highprotein high protein lipoxygenasefree lipoxygenase ones solution ANOVA (ANOVA Tukeys Tukey s mapping processing isoflavones oil p 0.05. 005 0.05 . 0 05 13 28 59 5 9 5. 67 6 7 6. However similarity 26 6.8 68 8 (6. respectively. respectively respectively) 21 7.5 75 7.4. 74 7.4 4 7.4) production 00 0.0 (6 7. 0. (

Resumo O extrato de soja é um produto pronto para o consumo, nutritivo e naturalmente livre de colesterol. Diversas cultivares especiais de soja foram desenvolvidas no Brasil com o objetivo de aumentar o consumo humano de produtos derivados da soja. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a composição nutricional e a aceitação pelo consumidor do extrato de soja de três cultivares de soja com características especiais, como alto teor de proteínas e isoflavonas, sabor suave e livre de lipoxigenases, em relação a três cultivares convencionais. O extrato de soja foi obtido após branqueamento com solução de bicarbonato, trituração, centrifugação e pasteurização. Os resultados foram analisados por meio do teste de Anova e Tukey, para verificar diferenças entre as médias, e os dados do consumidor, por meio de análise de agrupamento e mapa de preferência interno. As lipoxigenases foram inativadas após o processamento térmico. Houve diferenças significativas entre as cultivares de soja e os extratos obtidos em relação aos teores de proteína, isoflavonas, lipídios e açúcares, e para o rendimento de extrato (p < 0,05). As cultivares BRS 133 e BRS 284 apresentaram o maior teor de isoflavonas totais (p < 0,05). Em relação à aceitação geral pelo consumidor, houve diferenças significativas entre as cultivares (p < 0,05), sendo que a menor média foi obtida por BRS 267. No entanto, a análise de cluster identificou três segmentos de consumidores de acordo com a similaridade de preferência. As cultivares BRS 284 e BRS 267 alcançaram a maior média entre os consumidores do segmento 1 (6,8 e 6,7, respectivamente). Os consumidores do segmento 2 preferiram a cultivar sem lipoxigenases, BRS 213 (média de 7,5), enquanto o segmento 3 preferiu a BRS 133 (média de 7,4). O processo de branqueamento da soja com solução de bicarbonato, trituração com água quente e pasteurização atenuou as diferenças entre as cultivares convencionais e especiais, e as seis cultivares avaliadas foram adequadas para a produção de extrato de soja. colesterol bicarbonato Tukey médias interno térmico proteína açúcares p 0,05. 005 0,05 . 0 05 0,05) 13 28 0,05, , entanto 26 6,8 68 6 8 (6, 67 7 6,7 respectivamente. respectivamente respectivamente) 21 7,5, 75 7,5 5 7,5) 7,4. 74 7,4 4 7,4) 00 0,0 6, (6 7, 0, (

Abstract Lycopene is a hydrocarbon-carotenoid commonly found in red fruits intake with major function correlated to antioxidative capacity in several pathological conditions, including cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Recently, lycopene has been associated with hematopoiesis, although the effects on B lymphocyte differentiation and antibody production are poorly understood. In this work, the principal aim was to investigate whether lycopene affects B lymphopoiesis and terminal differentiation into plasma cells. Distinct in vivo and in vitro strategies based on lycopene supplementation were used direct in Balb/c mice or in culture systems with cells derived of these mice. In the bone marrow, lycopene expanded B220+IgM- progenitor B cells and B220+IgM+ immature B lymphocytes. In the spleen, lycopene induced terminal CD138+ plasma cell generation. In the blood, we found prominent IgA and low IgM levels after lycopene administration. Interestingly, the pattern of peritoneal IgM+ and IgA+ B cells indicated a significant IgM-to-IgA class switching after lycopene injection. These data indicated that lycopene induces B cell differentiation into IgA-producing plasma cells. Thus, a new cellular function has been attributed to lycopene for B lymphocyte biology and possibly associated with humoral responses and mucosal immunity.

RESUMO: Foi realizado um estudo comparativo com a extração convencional e assistida por ultrassom em resíduos do processamento de tomate. A extração ultrassônica exibiu teor de fenólicos e flavonóides ligeiramente maiores, bem como maior capacidade antioxidante ABTS + (4,63 mg AG.g-1, 0,96 mg RUE.g-1 e 27,90 μmol TE.g -1, respectivamente). Em ambos os extratos, uma alta porcentagem de flavonóides foi perdida durante a digestão simulada, resultando em uma bioacessibilidade de aproximadamente 13%. Os extratos apresentaram boa estabilidade durante as condições de armazenamento, o que indica uma possível aplicação tecnológica.

ABSTRACT: A comparative study was perfomed with conventional and ultrasound assisted extraction on tomato processing waste. Ultrasound extraction exhibited slightly higher phenolic and flavonoids content, as well as higher ABTS + radical scavenging capacity (4.63 mg GAE.g-1, 0.96 mg RUE.g-1 and 27.90 μmol TE.g -1 respectively). On both extracts, a high percentage of flavonoids was lost during simulated digestion, resulting on a bioacessibility of approximately 13 %. Extracts presented good stability during storage conditions, which indicates a possible technological application.

ABSTRACT: Vitamin A deficiency is the third most important micronutrient deficiency having a significant impact on public health worldwide. The aim of this study was to develop a carotenoid extraction process with edible vegetable oils, using a central composite design which, concurrently, enriches the oils with provitamin A carotenoids. The stability of carotenoids in the oil and their shelf life was also evaluated. The process also aimed to meet the Recommended Daily Intake for vitamin A (600 μg retinol equivalent for an adult) with the enriched oil. The results showed that 20 % of the vegetable matrix (dried carrot) in vegetable oil and 5 min of extraction time was an optimum combination for both soy oil (64.43 μg retinol equivalent mL−1) and olive oil (62.98 μg retinol equivalent mL−1). Furthermore, the ingestion of just a spoonful (∼10 mL) of the enriched oils would meet the Recommended Daily Intake for vitamin A (600 μg retinol equivalent), and, thus, it was possible to affirm that a dose of vegetable oils enriched with provitamin A contributes to meeting the Recommended Daily Intake for vitamin A. The proposed process is based on simple and low-cost technology that can be used to enrich edible oils (soybean and olive oil) with provitamin A.

ABSTRACT Acylated anthocyanins from a purple-fleshed sweet potato (PFSP), obtained by organic cultivation in Brazil, were characterized after separation by a high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-PDA). These anthocyanins were manually collected at the detector output, concentrated and injected into a high resolution mass spectrometer (ESI-QTOF-MS2). Twenty-two acylated anthocyanins were detected. Among them, sixteen had been reported in the literature and six, derived from peonidin were reported for the first time in sweet potato roots in this study. These compounds showed molecular ions with accurate mass/charge ratios (m/z) of 909.2081, 961.3010, 961.2571, 963.3345, 1123.2932 and 1179.3862. Although anthocyanins in PFSP have already been extensively studied, the variety studied in this work is probably genetically different from all varieties and cultivars already researched, which would explain why these anthocyanins have not been observed in the previously studied varieties.

Abstract Whey is well-known for the functional and bioactive properties of its proteins and peptides, which are of great interest to food and nutraceutical industries. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of four different commercial proteases (Novo ProD® (NPD), Alcalase® (ALC), Pancreas Trypsin® (TRY), and Flavourzyme® (FLA)) in the generation of hydrolysates with emulsifying and antioxidant activities. Hydrolysis processes were carried out for 5 h, reaching maximum degrees of 18.5, 15.5, 9.2, and 8.7% for NPD, ALC, TRY, and FLA, respectively. All tested enzymes generated very diverse, but conservative peptide profiles when comparing the treatments along the time, with the main enzymatic actions up to 120 min-reaction. An increase in the in vitro antioxidant activity was found for all treatments, achieving 46%, 40%, 40% and 22% for ALC, TRY, NDP and FLA, respectively. TRY hydrolysate maintained or slightly increased its emulsifying capacity along the time, however, a decrease in emulsifying capacity was found for ALC and NPD hydrolysates when compared to the non-hydrolyzed whey protein concentrate (WPC). All tested enzymes generated hydrolysates with enhanced antioxidant and/or emulsifying activities, which may be used as food ingredients and the choice of the enzyme will depend on the need.

Resumo Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do armazenamento a 6 °C nas características do suco de umbu pasteurizado. A pasteurização foi realizada a 86 °C por 25 s em um pasteurizador de superfície raspada, sendo o suco de umbu mantido a 6 °C por 90 dias. O suco pasteurizado atendeu ao padrão estabelecido pela legislação brasileira com contagem <3 NMP.g-1 para coliformes a 45 °C e ausência de Salmonella sp. Nesta condição de processo, a pasteurização foi eficiente também para a redução de bactérias aeróbias mesófilas. O teor de compostos fenólicos totais e, em particular, da rutina, assim como a atividade antioxidante do suco, não foram afetados pelo tratamento térmico. Ao longo do armazenamento, apesar de não perceptível visualmente, os parâmetros de cor do suco variaram significativamente (p<0,05). Apesar de pequena, também houve variação significativa (p<0,05) nos teores dos compostos fenólicos e de carotenoides. Por outro lado, o suco de umbu se manteve microbiologicamente estável durante o armazenamento, sendo, portanto, possível sua conservação por um período de 90 dias sem o uso de aditivos, quando submetido à pasteurização e mantido sob refrigeração.

Abstract This work aimed to evaluate the effect of storage at 6 °C on the characteristics of pasteurized umbu juice. Pasteurization was carried out at 86 °C for 25 s in a scraped surface heat exchanger and storage at 6 °C for 90 days. The pasteurized umbu juice conformed to the standards established by Brazilian legislation, presenting <3 MPN.g–1 for coliforms at 45 °C and absence of Salmonella sp. Under these processing conditions, pasteurization was also efficient in reducing the mesophilic aerobic bacteria. The phenolic compounds content, and specifically that of rutin, and the antioxidant activity of the juice were not affected (p<0.05) by the heat treatment. Although not visually perceptible, the colour parameters of the umbu juice were significantly affected by storage (p<0.05). Although small, there was also significant variation (p<0.05) in the phenolic compounds and carotenoid contents. On the other hand, the umbu juice remained microbiologically stable during storage, showing that it is possible to preserve it for a period of 90 days without the use of preservatives when submitted to pasteurization and kept under refrigeration.

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos genéticos aditivos e não aditivos sobre a eficiência de uso de P e a responsividade ao nutriente em linhagens de milho. Nove linhagens contrastantes - eficientes ou não quanto ao uso de P - foram avaliadas em cruzamentos dialélicos, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, por dois anos, sob dois níveis de disponibilidade do nutriente em Latossolo Vermelho-Escuro distrófico. As linhagens L3 e L228-3 apresentaram os maiores efeitos médios da capacidade geral de combinação (CGC, ), o que é indício de eficiência, na ausência de P, e de responsividade, na presença. Os cruzamentos L51502020 x L22 e L36 x L56.800.84 apresentaram os maiores efeitos médios da capacidade específica de combinação (CEC, ), na presença e na ausência de P, respectivamente. Os componentes quadráticos para CGC foram superiores aos da CEC, na ausência de P, e inferiores, na presença, o que mostra que os efeitos aditivos predominaram na eficiência de uso, e os não aditivos, na responsividade ao nutriente. A capacidade combinatória dos genótipos interagiu com os ambientes; portanto, a seleção do melhor progenitor e da melhor combinação híbrida deve ser realizada para ambiente específico. As linhagens apresentam complementariedade gênica quanto à eficiência de uso de P.

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate additive and nonadditive genetic effects on responsiveness and the P use efficiency by maize lines. Nine contrasting inbred lines - efficient or not regarding their P use efficiency - were evaluated in diallel crosses, in a randomized complete block design, for two years, under two availability levels of the nutrient in an Oxisol. The lines L3 and L228-3 showed the highest average effects for general combining ability (GCA, ), indicating use efficiency in the absence of P, and responsiveness, in the presence. The crosses L51502020 x L22 and L36 x L56.800.84 had the highest average effects for specific combining ability (SCA, ) in the presence and in the absence of P, respectively. The quadratic components for GCA were higher than those of SCA, in the absence of P, and lower in the presence, showing that the additive effects predominated in P use efficiency, and the nonadditive ones predominated in the plant responsiveness to the nutrient. The genotype combining ability interacted with the environments; therefore, the selection of the best parent and of the best hybrid combination should be done in specific environments. The inbred lines show genic complementary action regarding P use efficiency.

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) affecting the articular disc and/or the facial muscles are common among the population, recording a higher incidence in women age 20-40 years. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between facial types and muscle TMD in women. This study comprised 56 women age 18 to 49 years, seeking treatment for TMD at the School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo. All of the study individuals were diagnosed with muscle TMD, based on the Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC). Facial type was determined using the Facial Brugsch Index and classified as euryprosopic (short and/or broad), mesoprosopic (average width) and leptoprosopic (long and/or narrow). The data were submitted to the Chi-square test and ANOVA-Tukey’s test to conduct the statistical analysis. The faces of 27 individuals were classified as euryprosopic (48%), 18 as mesoprosopic (32%), and 11 as leptoprosopic (20%). A statistically significant difference (Chi-square, p = 0.032) was found among the facial types, in that leptoprosopic facial types showed the lowest values for muscle TMD. A greater number (p = 0.0007) of cases of muscle TMD were observed in the 20 to 39 year-old subjects than in the subjects of other age segments. In conclusion, women with euryprosopic facial types could be more susceptible to muscle TMD. Further studies are needed to investigate this hypothesis.

Experience and observation identified segmentation in students when entering professions that contain, in their curriculum, science subjects, as well as a high and/or low commitment to the challenges undertaken in each profession. The challenge is faced, institutionally, through learning methodologies based on the convergence of customary pedagogical elements and technologies of the educational field, both evaluated under a prism of traditional teaching quality and control instruments which result suitable and functional and which relegate the multidimensionality of people surpassing the homogeneous linear response of the education system ("more learning, more resources"). This is the basis of this work, which proposes a proof of concept based on a model that validates the interrelated dimensionalities defined for learning and the influence of emotions, causing connectivity as key to the significance and the quality of the process.

Por medio de la experiencia y la observación se identificó a un segmento del alumnado que ingresa a profesiones que contienen en su malla curricular asignaturas de ciencias, descubriéndose alumnos con alto y/o muy bajo compromiso hacia los desafíos asumidos. Este reto es enfrentado, institucionalmente, con metodologías de aprendizaje fundadas en la convergencia de elementos pedagógicos usuales y de tecnologías del mercado de la educación, evaluadas en sus procesos e instrumentos de control bajo un prisma de calidad de la enseñanza tradicional que le es muy propicio y funcional, pero que relega la multidimensionalidad de las personas, la que va más allá de la respuesta lineal homogénea ("más recursos, más aprendizaje") del sistema educativo. Ésta es la base del presente trabajo, que propone una prueba de concepto basada en un modelo que valida las dimensionalidades interrelacionadas definidas para el aprendizaje y la influencia de las emociones, obteniéndose la conectividad como clave para la significancia y la calidad del proceso.

Por meio da experiência e observação, identificou-se no segmento de estudantes que ingressam em profissões que contêm disciplinas de Ciências em sua grade curricular, estudantes com alto e/ou muito baixo compromisso com os desafios assumidos. Tal problema é enfrentado, institucionalmente, com metodologias de aprendizagem baseadas na convergência de elementos pedagógicos usuais e tecnologias do mercado da educação, avaliadas em seus processos e intrumentos de controle por um prisma da qualidade do ensino tradicional ao qual são muito propícios e funcionais, mas que desconsideram a multidimensionalidade das pessoas, o que vai mais além da resposta linear homogênea ("mais recursos, mais aprendizagem") do sistema educativo. Esta é a base do trabalho que propõe uma prova de conceito baseada em um modelo que valida as dimensionalidades inter-relacionadas definidas para a aprendizagem e a influência de estas sobre as emoções, obtendo-se a conectividade como a chave para a significância e qualidade do processo.

In order to generate simple, efficient analytical methods that are also fast, clean, and economical, and are capable of producing reliable results for a large number of samples, a micro scale extraction method for analysis of carotenoids in vegetable matrices was developed. The efficiency of this adapted method was checked by comparing the results obtained from vegetable matrices, based on extraction equivalence, time required and reagents. Six matrices were used: tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), carrot (Daucus carota L.), sweet potato with orange pulp (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.), pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch.), watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai) and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) flour. Quantification of the total carotenoids was made by spectrophotometry. Quantification and determination of carotenoid profiles were formulated by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with photodiode array detection. Microscale extraction was faster, cheaper and cleaner than the commonly used one, and advantageous for analytical laboratories.