Abstract Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of malaria, causing anemia, respiratory complications, and cerebral malaria. To mitigate oxidative stress, we investigated the effect of nutritional supplementation whit lycopene (LYC) on the evolution of parasitemia and survival rate in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA (Pb), comparing to the effects promoted by N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Therefore, 175 mice were randomly distributed into 4 groups; Sham: untreated and uninfected animals; Pb: animals infected with Pb; LYC+Pb: animals treated with LYC and infected with Pb; NAC+Pb: animals treated with NAC and infected with Pb. The animals were followed for 12 days after infection, and survival and parasitemia rates were evaluated. There was a 40.1% increase in parasitemia in the animals of the Pb group on the 12th day, and a survival rate of 45%. LYC supplementation slowed the development of parasitemia to 19% and promoted a significative increase in the survival rate of 80% on the 12th day after infection, compared to the Pb group, effects superior to those promoted by NAC, providing strong evidence of the beneficial effect of LYC on in vivo malaria and stressing the importance of antioxidant supplementation in the treatment of this disease. anemia complications (LYC Pb, , (Pb) Nacetylcysteine N acetylcysteine NAC. . (NAC) Therefore 17 groups Sham LYC+Pb LYCPb NAC+Pb NACPb 1 infection evaluated 401 40 40.1 th 45 45% 19 80 disease (Pb (NAC 40. 8

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the effect of remote ischemic conditioning associated to N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on testicular ischemia∕reperfusion (I∕R) injury in rats. Methods Twenty-five adult male Wistar rats were randomly distributed into five experimental groups (n=5), as follows: Sham, I∕R, Perconditioning (PER), NAC and PER+NAC. Two-hour ischemia was induced by rotating the left testis 720° to clockwise direction, followed by 4 hours of reperfusion. Perconditioning was performed by three I/R cycles of 10 min each on the left limb, 30 min before reperfusion. N-acetylcysteine (150 mg∕kg) was administered 30 min before reperfusion. Results Statistical differences were observed in MDA levels between I/R group with all groups (p<0.01), in addition there was statistical difference between PER and Sham, and PER+ NAC groups (p<0.05) in plasma. Conclusions The protective effect of perconditioning isolated in the reduction of lipid peroxidation related to oxidative stress was demonstrated. However, when Perconditioning was associated with NAC, there was no protective effect against testicular injury of ischemia and reperfusion.

Background: Several studies have evaluated the oxidant and antioxidant status of thalassemia patients but most focused mainly on the severe and intermediate states of the disease. Moreover, the oxidative status has not been evaluated for the different beta-thalassemia mutations. Objective: To evaluate lipid peroxidation and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity in relation to serum iron and ferritin in beta thalassemia resulting from two different mutations (CD39 and IVS-I-110) compared to individuals without beta-thalassemia. Methods: One hundred and thirty subjects were studied, including 49 who were heterozygous for beta-thalassemia and 81 controls. Blood samples were subjected to screening tests for hemoglobin. Allele-specific polymerase chain reaction was used to confirm mutations for beta-thalassemia, an analysis of thiobarbituric acid reactive species was used to determine lipid peroxidation, and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity evaluations were performed. The heterozygous beta-thalassemia group was also evaluated for serum iron and ferritin status. Results: Thiobarbituric acid reactive species (486.24 ± 119.64 ng/mL) and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity values (2.23 ± 0.11 mM/L) were higher in beta-thalassemia heterozygotes compared to controls (260.86 ± 92.40 ng/mL and 2.12 ± 0.10 mM/L, respectively; p-value < 0.01). Increased thiobarbituric acid reactive species values were observed in subjects with the CD39 mutation compared with those with the IVS-I-110 mutation (529.94 ± 115.60 ng/mL and 453.39 ± 121.10 ng/mL, respectively; p-value = 0.04). However, average Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity values were similar for both mutations (2.20 ± 0.08 mM/L and 2.23 ± 0.12 mM/L, respectively; p-value = 0.39). There was no influence of serum iron and ferritin levels on thiobarbituric acid reactive species and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity values. Conclusion: This study shows an increase of oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity in beta-thalassemia heterozygotes, mainly in carriers of the CD39 mutation.

OBJETIVO: Verificar o possível papel do ácido úrico como monitor do estresse oxidativo em um retalho cutâneo randômico, no rato. MÉTODOS: Este estudo utilizou 21 ratos adultos Wistar-EPM, divididos, ao acaso, em três grupos de sete animais, para avaliar o comportamento dos níveis de ácido úrico durante o estresse oxidativo, aos zero, 5 e 15 minutos após a elevação do retalho. De acordo com os períodos de tempo estabelecidos, amostras de pele foram coletadas de modo a permitir a determinação dos níveis de ácido úrico e malondialdeído (MDA). RESULTADOS: Os níveis de ácido úrico nas amostras de pele não variaram com o tempo, mas os valores na pele normal foram maiores desde o início. Os níveis de malondialdeído (MDA) nas amostras de pele permaneceram estáveis. CONCLUSÃO: Os níveis de ácido úrico na pele do retalho foram menores que aqueles da pele normal, denotando estresse oxidativo local.

PURPOSE: To verify the possible role of uric acid as a monitor of oxidative stress in a random skin flap, in the rat. METHODS: This study utilized 21 adult male Wistar-EPM rats divided, at random, in three groups of seven animals, to evaluate the behavior of uric acid levels during oxidative stress zero, 5 and 15 minutes after elevation of the flap. According to the time schedule, skin samples were collected in order to allow determination of uric acid and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. RESULTS: Uric acid levels in the skin samples did not change with time, but the values in normal skin were higher since the beginning. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the skin samples remained stable throughout. CONCLUSION: Uric acid levels in the flap skin were lower than those in the normal skin, denoting local oxidative stress.