RESUMO Os Chalcididae são parasitoides com distribuição ampla e grande riqueza com quase 1.500 espécies descritas. Apresentam potencial de diversidade maior, principalmente em função dos poucos estudos e da complexidade taxonômica associada. Estudos em regiões semiáridas são escassos e necessários para contribuir com conhecimento biogeográfico da fauna Neotropical, portanto o objetivo desse trabalho foi registrar as espécies de Chalcididae que ocorrem no município de Barra do Choça, Bahia, inserido no no semiárido da Bahia. Foram utilizadas cinco armadilhas do tipo Malaise distribuídas em duas áreas de vegetação nativa e uma constituída demonocultura, com monitoramento mensal por dois anos consecutivos. Os insetos foram triados e os espécimes da família Chalcididae identificados em nível de espécie, quando possível. Totalizaram-se 182 espécimes, distribuídos em cinco gêneros (Aspirrhina Kyrbi, 1883; Brachymeria Westwood, 1829; Conura Spinola, 1837; Dirhinus Dalman, 1818 e Haltichella Spinola, 1811), 18 espécies identificadas e 32 morfotipadas. O gênero Conura foi o mais abundante e também o mais, com 12 espécies nomeadas e potencialmente 30 novas espécies. A vegetação nativa apresentou maior abundância e maior riqueza taxonômica, principalmente na capoeira. O eucalipto teve baixa diversidade com predominância de Brachymeria. A espécie C. nigricornis se apresentou com maior frequência relativa. Este estudo constitui a primeira lista de espécies de Chalcididae no semiárido. As amostragens realizadas no semiárido baiano evidenciaram uma diversidade relevante de Chalcidade quando comparada com outras regiões brasileiras.

ABSTRACT Chalcididae is a family of parasitoids with wide distribution and great richness, with almost 1,500 described species. Its diversity might be greater than that known today, mainly due to the few existing studies and its taxonomic complexity. Studies in semiarid regions are scarce and necessary to contribute to the biogeographic knowledge of the neotropical fauna. Therefore, the objective of this work was to record Chalcididae species that occur in the municipality of Barra do Choça, in the Semiarid region of the state of Bahia, Brazil. Five Malaise traps were distributed in two areas with native vegetation and an area with eucalyptus plantation, which were monitored monthly for two consecutive years. The insects were sorted and specimens of the family Chalcididae were identified at the species level, when possible. A total of 182 specimens from five genera (Aspirrhina Kyrbi, 1883; Brachymeria Westwood, 1829; Conura Spinola, 1837; Dirhinus Dalman, 1818, and Haltichella Spinola, 1811), and 18 species were identified and 32 were morphotyped. The genus Conura was the most abundant and the most diverse, with 12 species identified and 30 potential new species. The native vegetation presented higher abundance and higher taxonomic wealth, mainly in the area at initial stage of succession (capoeira). The eucalyptus area presented low diversity, with predominance of Brachymeria species. The species C. nigricornis presented the highest relative frequency. This study constitutes the first list of Chalcididae species in the Semiarid region of Brazil. The sampling carried out in the state Bahia showed an important diversity of Chalcididae species when compared to other regions of Brazil.

Surface modification techniques based on the grafting of chemical functional groups and immobilization of bioactive molecules have been used to improve biocompatibility and clinical performance of bioabsorbable scaffolds in tissue engineering and medicine regenerative applications. This study aimed at developing and characterizing a biomimetic surface to stimulate bone regeneration by a simple and low-cost method of surface biofunctionalization of the poly (L-co-D,L lactic acid)-PLDLA scaffolds. The method was obtained by grafting reaction of carboxyl groups (-COOH) on their surface via acrylic acid (AAc) polymerization process, followed by immobilization of collagen type I (Col). Such approach resulted in a surface morphology markedly modified after treatment, with increase of pores and roughness on PLDLA-AAc surfaces and a network of fibrillar collagen deposition in non-specific areas of PLDLA-Col surfaces. The cytocompatibility of collagen-immobilized scaffolds was significantly improved in terms of cellular adhesion, proliferation, collagen synthesis and maintenance of osteoblast-like phenotype, indicating, therefore, the fundamental role of collagen protein over the biological interactions that occur by bio-recognition mimetic mechanisms at biomaterials interface. These results indicate that the surface modification method used here may be useful as a strategy to develop biofunctional scaffolds, which provide a more successful clinical application of biomaterials in the tissue engineering field.