ABSTRACT: The Reloncaví Sound (41°S) is located in the northern Patagonia of Chile and is characterized by a significant local marine productivity. In the place where this sound connects with the fjord of the same name is the Caicura Islands (41°42'S; 72°41'W). During three consecutive breeding seasons (2013-14, 2014-15, 2015-16) we studied the biodiversity of birds and marine mammals present on these islands, mainly on Pirén Islet. The taxonomic composition of the total number of birds observed was structured into five orders and 10 families, represented by 20 species. The most abundant birds were Larus dominicanus, Phalacrocorax atriceps, Phalacrocorax magellanicus, and Phalacrocorax gaimardi. We recorded the nesting of nine species of seabirds, of which L. dominicanus and P. atriceps presented the most abundant reproductive populations, followed by P. magellanicus and P. gaimardi. On the other hand, the taxonomic composition of marine mammals was structured in two orders and three families, represented by three species. The mammal with the greatest abundance was Otaria flavescens, which presented resting and breeding sites in the place. The Caicura Islands make up the most important site for the conservation of the diversity of birds and marine mammals of the Reloncaví Sound, which mostly corresponds to endemic species and with conservation problems.

RESUMEN: El seno de Reloncaví (41°S) se ubica en la Patagonia norte de Chile y se caracteriza por una importante productividad marina local. En el lugar donde este seno se conecta con el fiordo del mismo nombre se ubican las islas Caicura (41°42'S; 72°41'O). Durante tres temporadas reproductivas consecutivas (2013-14, 2014-15, 2015-16) estudiamos la biodiversidad de aves y mamíferos marinos presentes en estas islas, principal mente en el islote Pirén. La composición taxonómica del total de aves observadas se estructuró en cinco órdenes y 10 familias, representadas por 20 especies. Las aves más abundantes fueron Larus dominicanus, Phalacrocorax atriceps, Phalacrocorax magellanicus y Phalacrocoraxgaimardi. Registramos la nidificación de nueve especies de aves marinas y costeras, de las cuales L. dominicanus y P. atriceps presentaron las poblaciones reproductivas más abundantes, seguidas por P magellanicus y P gaimardi. Por otra parte, la composición taxonómica de mamíferos marinos se estructuró en dos órdenes y tres familias, representadas por tres especies. El mamífero con mayor abundancia fue Otaria flavescens que presentó sitios paraderos y también parideros en el lugar. Las islas Caicura conforman un sitio importante para la conservación de la diversidad de aves y mamíferos marinos del seno de Reloncaví, que en su mayoría corresponde a especies endémicas y con problemas de conservación.

Resumo O “blenny da patagônia” (Eleginops maclovinus) é uma espécie endêmica da América do Sul, com características fisiológicas que facilitariam sua incorporação na aquicultura chilena. No entanto, atualmente não há alimento artificial específico que possa ser usado para criar E. maclovinus. Diante desse problema, este estudo descreve a composição proximal e o perfil de ácidos graxos do caranguejo Hemigrapsus crenulatus, um dos principais alimentos de E. maclovinus. O objetivo do estudo é servir como informação básica para o desenvolvimento de uma dieta artificial específica para espécies juvenis desse peixe. A análise proximal do corpo completo de H. crenulatus indica que ele é composto, principalmente, de cinzas (35,9%), proteínas (32,2%), glicídios (19,8%) e lipídios menores (3,6%). O perfil de ácidos graxos é 40,7% PUFA, 29,7% MUFA e 29,5% SAFA, e os ácidos mais abundantes são eicosapentaenoico (18,8%), oleico (6,8%) e palmítico (16,6%), respectivamente. H. crenulatus possui o mais alto nível de proteínas, lipídios e PUFAs entre as espécies da infraordem de Brachyura.

Abstract The Patagonian blenny (Eleginops maclovinus) is species endemic to South America with physiological characteristics that would facilitate its incorporation into Chilean aquaculture. However, there is currently no specific artificial food that can be used to raise E. maclovinus. In light of this problem, this study describes the proximal composition and fatty acid profile of the crab Hemigrapsus crenulatus, one of the main foods of E. maclovinus. The purpose of the study is to serve as basic information for the development of a specific artificial diet for juveniles of this fish species. The proximal analysis of the complete body of H. crenulatus indicates that it is mainly composed of ash (35.9%), proteins (32.2%), glucides (19.8%) and minor lipids (3.6%). The fatty acid profile is 40.7% PUFAs, 29.7% MUFAs and 29.5% SAFAs, and the most abundant acids are Eicosapentaenoic (18.8%), Oleic (6.8%) and Palmitic (16.6%), respectively. H. crenulatus has highest level of proteins, lipids and PUFAs among the species of the Brachyura infraorder.

Abstract: The Lafken Mapu Lahual Coastal Marine Protected Area of Multiple Uses (Lafken Mapu Lahual), Osorno coast, southern Chile, is one of the first protected areas created in Chile during 2006, but only in 2019 its Management Plan was presented. This study provides information on its marine mammal species to be used in future biodiversity monitoring plans. The sighted mammals were recorded and counted through 18 navigation tracks and one observation point in the 2014-2015 austral breeding season. Five species were recorded systematically (one whale species, two dolphin species, one marine otter species and a one sea lion species). Two of them (Lontra felina and Balaenoptera musculus) are classified by the IUCN in the conservation category corresponding to Endangered. Laken Mapu Lahual is an important area for the species of whales that use it for their migratory route to the south of Chile.

Abstract: The recently approved Chilean standard NCh3565 for the use of Concrete Maturity to estimate the Concrete Strength has greatly facilitated the technological transfer of new wireless measurement technologies with online connection (IoT), represented by the maturity sensors. In this sense, preliminary on field tests carried out on pavements incorporating sensors in the city of Punta Arenas made it possible to detect that the assignment of the value of the Datum Temperature to the fixed value of 0 °C does not deliver the real resistance results determined by means of control cylinders and concrete cores. This work deepens on this topic proposing as a conclusion the use of a variable value of Datum Temperature for cold climates.

Resumen: La reciente entrada en vigencia de la norma chilena NCh3565 sobre el uso de la Madurez del Hormigón para estimar la Resistencia del hormigón, ha facilitado enormemente la transferencia de nuevas tecnologías inalámbricas de medición con conexión en línea, representada por los sensores de madurez. En este sentido, pruebas preliminares de terreno realizadas en pavimentos de prueba con sensores en la ciudad de Punta Arenas permitieron detectar que la asignación del valor de la Temperatura Datum al valor fijo de 0°C no entrega los resultados de resistencia real determinados mediante cilindros de control y testigos. Este trabajo profundiza sobre este tema proponiendo como conclusión el uso de un valor variable de Temperatura Datum en climas fríos.

ABSTRACT Kinetic spectrophotometry methods have levels of accuracy and sensitivity which are comparable to those of other methods and have been used in the quantification of different pharmaceutical analytes in different matrices. This work describes an indirect kinetic spectrophotometric method for the determination of diphenhydramine by the alkaline oxidation with permanganate in pharmaceutical formulations (injection) and tap water spiked samples. Measurements of changes in absorbance at 610 nm were used as criterion of the reaction progress. The optimization of chemical variables of oxidation reaction was realized using experimental design by multivariate analysis. The optimized values were 20 min of reaction time, KMnO4 1.00x10−3 molL−1, Na2SO4 0.20 molL-1 and NaOH 0.20 molL-1. Under these conditions calibration curves were constructed. The detection limits obtained in pharmaceutical formulations (injection) and tap water spiked samples, were 9.65x10-7 mol L−1 and 1.23x10-6 mol L−1, respectively. The method is simple and does not require expensive instruments or complicated extraction steps of the reaction product