Pesquisa | SciELO

RESUMO A utilização de testes eficientes, rápidos e de baixo custo, é fundamental nos programas de controle da qualidade de sementes. No presente estudo, almeja-se adequar as metodologias dos testes de pH de exsudato e precocidade de emissão de raiz para sementes de coentro. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições de 50 sementes. Quatro lotes de sementes da cv. Super Verdão foram avaliados em relação ao grau de umidade, primeira contagem, germinação, emergência, índice de velocidade de emergência, envelhecimento acelerado, massa seca total de plântulas e tetrazólio. No teste do pH de exsudato, os tempos de embebição foram de 30, 60, 90 e 120 minutos a 20, 25 e 30 °C. O teste de precocidade de emissão de raiz primária foi conduzido a 20, 25 e 30 °C, iniciando as avaliações com 24 horas após a instalação, com intervalos de 12 horas e finalizando com 120 horas. O teste de pH de exsudato a 20 °C por 30 minutos classificou os lotes de forma semelhante ao teste de germinação, no entanto, não foi eficiente nos testes de vigor. O teste de precocidade de emissão de raiz mostrou-se eficaz na classificação do vigor de lotes de sementes de coentro, sendo conduzido a 20 °C, com avaliação após 60 horas.

ABSTRACT The use of efficient, fast, and low-cost tests is essential in seed quality control programs. The objective of this study was to adapt exudate pH and primary root emergence tests for coriander (Coriandrum sativum) seeds. A completely randomized experimental design was used, with four replications of 50 seeds. Four coriander (C. sativum cv. Super Verdão) seed batches were evaluated for moisture content, first count, germination, emergence, emergence speed index, seedling total dry weight, and subjected to accelerated aging and tetrazolium tests. Exudate pH tests were conducted using soaking times of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes at 20, 25, and 30 °C. Primary root emergence tests were conducted at 20, 25, and 30 °C, starting observations 24 hours after the beginning of the test at 12-hour intervals and concluding after 120 hours. The exudate pH test at 20 °C for 30 minutes classified the batches similarly to the germination test, but differently from vigor tests. The primary root emergence test conducted at 20 °C, with evaluation after 60 hours, effectively classifies the vigor of coriander seed batches.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v29n6e288438

Early garlic as an alternative for planting in low-altitude regions in the semi-arid region
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Pereira, Dalbert de F. Grangeiro, Leilson C. Resende, Francisco V. Oliveira, Renata R.T. Morais, Éric G. Santos, Elidayane da N. Queiroz, Gabriela C.M. de Silva, Ilmara B.M. Sousa, Lucas M. da S. Ferreira, Enoch de S. Carmo, Luiz H. de A. Medeiros, Gerson B.F. de Gonçalves, Francisco das C. Costa, Romualdo M.C.

Chilean journal of agricultural research

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Fev 2025, Volume 85 Nº 1 Páginas 123 - 134

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Early garlic (Allium sativum L.) cultivars are an alternative for growing this vegetable in low-altitude semi-arid regions, due to its lower requirement for mild temperatures and photoperiod. However, it is necessary to identify the cultivars that best adapt to these environmental conditions to improve management and maximize their production characteristics. In this sense, the objective was to evaluate early garlic cultivars’ biometric, yield, and quality characteristics under low altitude conditions in the semi-arid region. Two field trials were carried out in a Brazilian semi-arid region to evaluate 14 early-cycle and virus-free garlic cultivars. The climatic variations between the experiments influenced the performance of some cultivars in terms of biometric, yield, and quality characteristics. ‘Inhumas Casca Roxa’ (65.25 and 57.62 cm; 6.49 and 6.48 t in 2022 and 2023, respectively) and ‘Ugarte’ (61.70 and 55.14 cm; 6.34 and 5.62 t in 2022 and 2023, respectively) showed higher height and total yield. Likewise, ‘Inhumas Casca Roxa’ and ‘Ugarte’ stood out for bulb mass (20.00 and 19.61 g respectively), and percentage of bulbs in classes 5 (30.6% and 32.8%, respectively) and 6 (8.3% and 9.2%). These materials also showed good post-harvest quality characteristics, such as high pungency for fresh consumption and/or processing by industry. It is recommended to cultivate ‘Inhumas Casca Roxa’ and ‘Ugarte’ for garlic production in low-altitude semi-arid conditions.

Gender and remote work: associations between mental health and hours of remote work and housework
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Silva-Costa, Aline

; Rotenberg, Lúcia

; Aquino, Estela M. L.

; Cardoso, Letícia de Oliveira

; Patrão, Ana Luísa

; Fonseca, Maria de Jesus M. da

; Griep, Rosane Härter

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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Jan 2025, Volume 30 Nº 1 elocation e04892023

Resumo: Pt En Es | Texto: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo Investigar associações das horas de trabalho remoto (TR) e doméstico (TD), separadamente e combinadas (TT), com o gênero e o sofrimento mental de trabalhadores em trabalho remoto durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Estudo transversal com dados do ELSA-Brasil (N = 2.318). Em média, mulheres referiram mais tempo de TD e TT do que os homens, mas não foi observada diferença de gênero quanto ao TR. Depressão, ansiedade e estresse foram mais frequentes nas mulheres. Mulheres com jornadas mais longas (TR, TD e TT) apresentaram maiores chances de sintomas de ansiedade e estresse do que os homens com jornadas mais curtas. Para os sintomas de depressão, as razões de chance mais altas foram observadas apenas entre as mulheres com moderada ou longa jornadas de TD e TT. A perspectiva de gênero quanto ao efeito do trabalho remoto contribui para o reconhecimento de iniquidades em saúde entre homens e mulheres.

Abstract To investigate the association between hours of remote work (RWHs) and housework (HWHs), independently, as well as the combined total of work hours (WHs), with gender and mental health of remote workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Cross-sectional study with data from the ELSA-Brasil (N = 2,318). On average, women reported more time spent on HWHs and WHs than men, while no difference was found in RWHs. Depression, anxiety and stress were more prevalent among women. Women with longer working hours (RWHs, HWHs and WHs) had higher odds of displaying anxiety or stress symptoms than men with shorter working hours. For symptoms of depression, the highest odds ratios were found only among those women with medium or long HWHs and long WHs. A gender perspective into studies of remote work effects has contributed to the recognition of health inequalities between men and women.

Resumen Investigar las asociaciones de las horas de trabajo remoto (TR) y horas de trabajo doméstico (TD), separadas y combinadas (TT), con el género y la salud mental de los trabajadores que trabajan de forma remota durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Estudio transversal con datos de lo ELSA-Brasil (N = 2.318). En promedio, las mujeres reportaron más tiempo de TD y TT que los hombres, pero no se observó diferencia entre géneros en términos de horas de TR. Depresión, ansiedad y estrés fueron más frecuentes en las mujeres. Las mujeres con jornadas laborales más largas (TR, TD y TT) tenían más probabilidades de experimentar síntomas de ansiedad y estrés que los hombres con jornadas laborales más cortas. Para los síntomas de depresión, los odds ratios más altos se observaron sólo entre mujeres con recorridos TD y TT moderados o largos. La perspectiva de género en los estudios sobre el efecto del trabajo remoto contribuye al reconocimiento de las inequidades en salud entre hombres y mujeres.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232025301.04892023

Safety of two-dose schedule of COVID-19 adsorbed inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac; Sinovac/Butantan) and heterologous additional doses of mRNA BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) in immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals
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Miyaji, Karina Takesaki

; Ibrahim, Karim Yaqub

; Infante, Vanessa

; Moreira, Raquel Megale

; Santos, Carolina Ferreira dos Belizário, Juliana de Cássia Pinto, Maria Isabel de Moraes Marinho, Ana Karolina Barreto Berselli Pereira, Juliana Marquezi Mello, Liliane Saraiva de Silva, Vitor Gabriel Lopes da Sato, Paula Keiko Strabelli, Tânia Mara Varejão Ragiotto, Lucas Pacheco, Pedro Henrique Theotonio de Mesquita Braga, Patricia Emilia Loch, Ana Paula Precioso, Alexander Roberto Sartori, Ana Marli Christovam França, João Ítalo Lima, Marcos Alves de Ando, Mauricio Cesar Sampaio Rodrigues, Camila Cristina Martini Song, Alice Tung Wan Lara, Amanda Nazareth Belizário, Ana Cristina Lima, Anna Helena Simões Bortulucci de Zanetti, Ariane Cristina Barboza Paulo, Audrey Rose da Silveira Amancio de Rosa, Barbara Miranda dos Santos Moraes, Bruna Del Guerra de Carvalho Oliveira, Bruna Ribeiro de Picone, Camila de Melo Aranda, Carolina Sanches Troli, Carolinne Paioli Kokron, Cristina M. Terrabuio, Debora Raquel Benedita Abdala, Edson David Neto, Elias Nakanishi, Érika Yoshie Shimoda Lima, Fabiana Mascarenhas Souza Firmino, Fabio Batista Santos, Fernanda Barone Alves dos Bacal, Fernando Fatobene, Giancarlo Santana, Jaqueline Oliveira Kalil, Jorge Barbosa, Julia Gonçalves, Leandro Peres Otuyama, Leonardo Jun Pierrotti, Ligia Camera Compte, Livia Caroline Mariano Marinho, Livia Chaer, Livia Netto Seguro, Luis Fernando Azevedo, Luiz Sergio Ueda, Márcia Aiko Terreri, Maria Teresa Barros, Myrthes Anna Maragna Toledo Grecco, Octávio Sejas, Odeli Nicole Encinas Musqueira, Priscila Tavares Ito, Raquel Keiko de Luca Teixeira, Samia Silveira Souza Fidalgo, Serafim Costa, Silvia Figueiredo Campos, Silvia Vidal Fernandes, Tamiris Hinsching Rocha, Vanderson Geraldo Coelho, Vivian Caso

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2025, Volume 67 elocation e2

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Immunocompromised individuals were considered high-risk for severe disease due to SARS COV-2 infection. This study aimed to describe the safety of two doses of COVID-19 adsorbed inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac; Sinovac/Butantan), followed by additional doses of mRNA BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) in immunocompromised (IC) adults, compared to immunocompetent/healthy (H) individuals. This phase 4, multicenter, open label study included solid organ transplant and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients, cancer patients and people with inborn errors of immunity with defects in antibody production, rheumatic, end-stage chronic kidney or liver disease, who were enrolled in the IC group. Participants received two doses of CoronaVac and additional doses of mRNA BNT162b2. Adverse reactions (AR) data were collected within seven days after each vaccination. Serious adverse events and of special interest (AESI) were monitored throughout the study. We included 241 immunocompromised and 100 immunocompetent subjects. Arthralgia, fatigue, myalgia, and nausea were more frequent in the IC group after CoronaVac. Following the first additional dose of mRNA BNT162, pain, induration, and tenderness at injection site, fatigue and myalgia were more frequent in the H group. A heart transplant recipient had a graft rejection temporally associated with the second CoronaVac dose, but there was no literature evidence of causal association. Four cases of AESI were considered related to the vaccine: three erythema multiforme after CoronaVac, all in IC participants, and one paresthesia after mRNA, in a H participant. Our findings were comparable to other studies that evaluated the safety of COVID-19 vaccines in different immunocompromised populations. Both vaccines were safe for immunocompromised participants.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202567002

Study of the Chemical Diversity in Spondias tuberosa Leaves During the Phenological Evolution Stages: Metabolomic and Chemometric Approaches Associated with Antioxidant and Antiglycant Activities
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Nascimento, Francisco Wendell M. do

; Gondim, Tamyris A.

; Ribeiro, Paulo R. V.

; Lima, Maria Auxiliadora C. de Oliveira, Viseldo R. de Câmara Neto, João Francisco Ribeiro, Maria Elenir N. P. Ferrari, Anna Beatriz S. Zeraik, Maria Luiza Guedes, Jhonyson A. C. Zocolo, Guilherme J.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2025, Volume 36 Nº 5 elocation e-20240219

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Spondias tuberosa (umbu) has been studied from the perspective of natural product and pharmacology, revealing relevant biological activities. Therefore, from the point of view of chemical and biological studies, deepening knowledge about this species is of great importance. Additionally, the evaluation related to the metabolic variations of the same species during different phenological evolution stages is also an interesting aspect of the research. Thereby, ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UPLC-QToF-MSE) was used to trace the chemical profile from umbu leaves at different phenological stages, allowing the detection of 40 metabolites, which 16 were annotated, such as phenolics and anacardic acids. Furthermore, the use of chemoinformatics tools allowed obtaining information on phenological development in the three leaves phases: post-flowering (young leaves), full production and senescence. The antiglycation activity assay revealed a potential inhibition of the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in the leaves at different phenological stages. The antioxidant activity was satisfactory and in agreement with previously reported results, evidencing the potential for using umbu leaves, currently completely discarded, as an alternative source of antioxidants, which may provide increased added value to the cultivation of umbu, stimulating family farming and the recovery of tree density in degraded areas.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20240219

A 1D-FDM Transmission Line Model for Partial Discharge Current Simulations Validated Against Needle-Plate HVDC Laboratory Experiments: Calculations of Ionized Air Conductivity
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Oliveira, Rodrigo M. S. de

; Lopes, Nathan M.

; Nascimento, Júlio A. S. do

Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications

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2025, Volume 24 Nº 1 elocation e2025287804

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract In this paper, we present a novel numerical model for simulating partial discharges (PDs) transient currents excited by high-voltage DC (HVDC) systems. The model is based on the telegraph equations, which are solved in the time domain via the finite-difference method (FDM). With the proposed model, one can simulate air ionization through its distinct phases based on the electric field’s magnitude. This study specifically provides effective electrical conductivity of ionized air over time and space, calculated in the discharge channel also as a function of voltage and gap distance in a needle-plate setup. Validation is performed against experimental results from our laboratory experiments, demonstrating agreement despite the model’s one-dimensional nature. The simplicity of the model leads to much smaller simulation times (up to two minutes) compared to more complex three-dimensional models (typically requiring hours to complete), highlighting its potential for efficient PD analysis and future developments of general PD models based on effective plasma conductivity.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-10742025v24i1287804

HOMOGENIZATION AND CRYSTALLIZATION TO IMPROVE TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF WHOLE MILK POWDER FOR APPLICATIONS IN FOOD INDUSTRY
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Santos, Valéria M.

; Francisquini, Júlia d’A.

; Lima, Tatiana S.

; Mesa, Natalia C.

; Oliveira, Luiz Fernando C. de Stephani, Rodrigo Carvalho, Antônio F. de Perrone, Ítalo T.

Química Nova

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2025, Volume 48 Nº 4 elocation e-20250096

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different pressures of homogenization on whole milk powder with crystallized lactose on free fat content and particle size. Three homogenization pressure levels were applied. The powder produced at homogenization pressure of 75/5 MPa presented a smaller number of particles in the region < 1 μm (39.28%) and higher free fat content (13.78%) when compared to the powder produced at conventional homogenization pressure (15/5 MPa), which presented 59.40% particles in the region < 1 μm and 5.03% of free fat. Milk powder produced at 0/0 MPa presented the lowest number of particles in the region < 1 μm (24.60%) and the highest free fat content (19.39%). This study showed that the powder produced at a homogenization pressure of 15/5 MPa, which is commonly used in the industry, produces a crystallized milk powder with less suitable properties than the one obtained without homogenization.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20250096

Reproductive potential of the endangered land crab, Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) (Brachyura: Gecarcinidae), from Trindade Island, Brazil
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Mosna, Esli E. D.

; Oliveira, Maria A. M.

; João, Marcio C. A.

; Pinheiro, Marcelo A. A.

Nauplius

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2025, Volume 33 elocation e20250549

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract An analysis of reproductive potential can elucidate significant aspects of the population biology and evolution of brachyuran crabs, providing a crucial baseline for conservation efforts concerning endangered species. Johngarthia lagostoma is an endemic species to Atlantic Oceanic islands (Rocas Atoll, Fernando de Noronha, Ascension, and Trindade), and it is classified as endangered (EN) in Brazilian territory according to IUCN criteria. Until now, the reproductive potential of this species has only been described for the Ascension Island population. Therefore, we assessed the reproductive effort and fecundity of J. lagostoma on Trindade Island. A total of 43 ovigerous females in the final stage of embryonic development were analyzed. Their egg masses were removed, weighed, and counted using a volumetric method. The carapace width ranged from 55.3 to 100.1 mm (mean ± standard deviation: 75.2 ± 13.1 mm). It exhibited a good fit and positive correlation with the egg weight and fecundity data but a poor fit and negative correlation with reproductive effort. The contrasting results of fecundity (82,938 ± 43,673 eggs) and reproductive effort (10.5 ± 1.5 %) recorded for J. lagostoma reveal a well-established population on Trindade Island compared to Ascension Island. These observations provide valuable information for proposing more effective management strategies for this endangered species across these Atlantic oceanic islands.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2358-2936e20250549

Intracameral voriconazole for severe fungal keratitis: a case series
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Bezerra, Fernanda M.

; Silva, Ludmila N. P.

; Aguiar, Larissa L.

; Yu, Maria Cecília Z.

; Rocha, Flavio J.

; Sousa, Luciene B.

; Höfling-Lima, Ana Luisa

; Oliveira, Lauro A. de

Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia

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2025, Volume 88 Nº 3 elocation e2024-0207

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aimed to report the use, efficacy, and safety of intracameral voriconazole as an adjuvant treatment for deep fungal keratitis. Methods: This was a prospective case series of seven eyes with fungal keratitis with anterior chamber involvement or a corneal ulcer refractory to conventional topical treatment. In addition to topical treatment with 0.15% amphotericin B eye drops, voriconazole 50 μg/ 0.1 mL was administered to the anterior chamber of each affected eye up to four times within 72 h. The primary outcome measures were healing (fungal eradication) and the need for therapeutic keratoplasty. Best-corrected visual acuity was a secondary outcome measure. Results: Three cases were confirmed by confocal microscopy, and four were diagnosed from positive culture tests. At presentation, one patient had a best-corrected visual acuity of 20/80, while all others had hand motion or worse. Four cases received one intracameral injection, two cases received three, and one case received four injections. There were no complications after any of the intracameral voriconazole injections. Four patients had imminent corneal perforations and were treated with cyanoacrylate adhesive and bandage contact lenses. Four patients recovered from the infection, and three underwent therapeutic keratoplasty. The final best-corrected visual acuity was improved in two cases but all patients had a final visual acuity of counting fingers or worse. Conclusion: As an adjuvant treatment for deep fungal keratitis, intracameral voriconazole injection is a feasible option. Although fungal eradication was achieved in all patients, three required therapeutic keratoplasty and all patients had unsatisfactory visual acuity outcomes.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.2024-0207

10.

Exploring the relationship between ultra-processed food consumption and gut microbiota at school age in a Brazilian birth cohort
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Alves, Etiene Dias

; Carpena, Marina Xavier

; Barros, Aluísio J. D.

; Comelli, Elena M.

; López-Domínguez, Lorena

; Bandsma, Robert H. J.

; Santos, Iná da Silva dos

; Matijasevich, Alicia

; Vaz, Juliana dos Santos

; Buffarini, Romina

; Bierhals, Isabel Oliveira

; Borges, Maria Carolina

; Tovo-Rodrigues, Luciana

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2025, Volume 41 Nº 2 elocation e00094424

Resumo: Pt Es En | Texto: Pt Es En | PDF: Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumo: Os padrões alimentares impactam significativamente os desfechos de saúde e a composição da microbiota intestinal. No entanto, estudos longitudinais sobre o consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados e a composição da microbiota intestinal, especialmente entre adolescentes em países de baixa e média renda, são escassos. Este estudo teve como objetivo explorar essa associação utilizando dados coletados de 364 participantes aos 6, 11 e 12 anos, da Coorte de Nascimentos de Pelotas (Brasil) de 2004. Os dados sobre microbiota foram obtidos aos 12 anos por meio de sequenciamento do gene 16S rRNA de amostras fecais autocoletadas. Modelos de regressão linear e logística avaliaram a relação entre faixas etárias e resultados da microbiota intestinal (diversidade alfa, diversidade beta e abundâncias relativas nos níveis de filo e gênero), considerando fatores demográficos, socioeconômicos, relacionados à saúde, comportamentais e covariáveis dietéticas. Não foram observadas associações significativas entre o consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados e a diversidade alfa após correção para múltiplos testes, e não foram encontradas evidências de uma ligação entre o consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados e a diversidade beta, com as métricas não ponderadas explicando pouca variância aos 11 e 12 anos. Foram encontradas associações nominais entre o consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados e as abundâncias relativas de Actinobacteria (p = 0,032) e Proteobacteria (p = 0,045) (filos), assim como entre Bacteroides (p = 0,037 aos 6 anos; p = 0,015 aos 11 anos) e Peptostreptococcus (p = 0,025 aos 6 anos; p = 0,010 aos 11 anos) (gêneros). No entanto, essas associações perderam significância estatística após os ajustes para comparações múltiplas. Esses achados destacam a necessidade de mais estudos longitudinais para compreender melhor a complexa interação entre o consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados e a composição da microbiota intestinal em populações adolescentes de países de baixa e média renda.

Resumen: Los patrones dietéticos afectan significativamente la salud y la composición de la microbiota intestinal. No obstante, se observan escasos estudios longitudinales sobre el consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados y la composición de la microbiota intestinal, especialmente entre adolescentes de países de ingresos bajos y medianos. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo explorar esta asociación a partir de datos recopilados de 364 participantes de 6, 11 y 12 años de edad de la Cohorte de Nacimientos de Pelotas (Brasil), 2004. Los datos de la microbiota se obtuvieron a los 12 años mediante la secuenciación del gen ARNr 16S de muestras fecales autorecogidas. Los modelos de regresión lineal y logística evaluaron la relación entre los grupos de edad y los resultados de la microbiota intestinal (diversidad alfa, diversidad beta y abundancias relativas a nivel de filo y género) teniendo en cuenta las covariables demográficas, socioeconómicas, relacionadas con la salud, el comportamiento y la dieta. No se observaron asociaciones significativas entre el consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados y la diversidad alfa después de la corrección para múltiples pruebas, y no se encontró evidencia de un vínculo entre el consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados y la diversidad beta, con métricas no ponderadas que explican poca varianza a los 11 y 12 años. Se encontraron asociaciones nominales entre el consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados y las abundancias relativas de Actinobacteria (p = 0,032) y Proteobacteria (p = 0,045) (filos), así como entre Bacteroides (p = 0,037 a los 6 años; p = 0,015 a los 11 años) y Peptostreptococcus (p = 0,025 a los 6 años; p = 0,010 a los 11 años) (géneros). Sin embargo, estas asociaciones perdieron significación estadística después de los ajustes para comparaciones múltiples. Estos hallazgos resaltan la necesidad de realizar más estudios longitudinales para conocer mejor la compleja interacción entre el consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados y la composición de la microbiota intestinal en poblaciones de adolescentes de países de ingresos bajos y medianos.

Abstract: Dietary patterns significantly impact health outcomes and gut microbiota composition. However, longitudinal studies associating ultra-processed food consumption with gut microbiota composition, especially among adolescents in low- and middle-income countries, are lacking. This study aimed to explore this association using data collected from 364 participants at ages 6, 11, and 12 years from the 2004 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort. Microbiota data was obtained at age 12 after 16S rRNA gene sequencing of self-collected fecal samples. Linear or logistic regression models evaluated the relationship between age groups and gut microbiota outcomes (alpha diversity, beta diversity and relative abundances at the phylum and genus levels), considering dietary covariates and demographic, socioeconomic, health-related, and behavioral factors. No significant associations between ultra-processed food consumption and alpha diversity were observed after multiple testing corrections, and there was no strong evidence linking ultra-processed food consumption and beta diversity, with unweighted metrics explaining little variance at ages 11 and 12. Nominal associations were found between ultra-processed food and relative abundances of Actinobacteria (p = 0.032) and Proteobacteria (p = 0.045) (phyla), Bacteroides (p = 0.037 at age 6; p = 0.015 at age 11) and Peptostreptococcus (p = 0.025 at age 6; p = 0.010 at age 11) (genera). However, these associations lost statistical significance after adjustments for multiple comparisons. These findings highlight the need for more longitudinal studies to better understand the complex interaction between ultra-processed food intake and gut microbiota composition in adolescent populations in low- and middle-income countries.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311xen094424

11.

Gender and remote work: associations between mental health and hours of remote work and housework
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Silva-Costa, Aline

; Rotenberg, Lúcia

; Aquino, Estela M. L.

; Cardoso, Letícia de Oliveira

; Patrão, Ana Luísa

; Fonseca, Maria de Jesus M. da

; Griep, Rosane Härter

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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2025, Volume 30 Nº 1 elocation e04892023

Resumo: Pt Es En | Texto: Pt Es En | PDF: Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232025301.04892023

12.

Physicochemical quality and bioactive compounds in orange-fleshed sweet potato
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Santos Júnior, José T. dos

; Oliveira, Pablo H. de A.

; Silveira, Flávio P. da M.

; Santos, Gisele L. dos

; Ribeiro, João E. da S.

; Silva, Antonio G. C. da

; Barros Júnior, Aurélio P.

; Silveira, Lindomar M. da

Revista Caatinga

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2025, Volume 38 elocation e12724

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Sweet potato is a vital food root, rich in vitamins, minerals, and bioactive compounds. Genotypes that meet these nutritional demands are essential to combat nutrient deficiencies and promote human health. Thus, it presupposes the hypothesis that sweet potato genotypes differ in physicochemical quality and bioactive compounds when evaluated under the same environmental conditions. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the physicochemical quality and bioactive compounds in genotypes of orange-fleshed sweet potato. The experiment was conducted from April 2022 to August 2022 in the experimental area of Agronomic Engineering, located at the Academic Unit Specialized in Agricultural Sciences (UAECA) - UFRN, in Macaíba, RN, Brazil. The treatments were composed of eight genotypes, being two cultivars (BRS Amélia and Beauregard) and six accessions (Macaíba I, Macaíba II, Macaíba III, Macaíba IV, Ceará-Mirim, and Natal I) of orange-fleshed sweet potato from the UAECA teaching collection. After harvest, the following characteristics were evaluated: firmness, elasticity, hydrogen potential (pH), titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids (SS), ratio (SS/TA), Vitamin C, and the bioactive compounds: anthocyanins, flavonoids, and total carotenoids. The orange-fleshed sweet potato genotypes showed distinct characteristics for the physicochemical variables and the bioactive compounds. Due to increased pulp pH, anthocyanins were reduced in the Ceará-Mirim, Macaíba III, and Macaíba IV genotypes. The Macaíba II and Natal I genotypes stood out regarding the SS/TA ratio, flavonoids, and anthocyanins. In contrast, the Macaíba III genotype had the highest carotenoid content and great bioactive potential.

RESUMO A batata-doce é uma raiz alimentar vital, rica em vitaminas, minerais e compostos bioativos. Genótipos que atendam a essas demandas nutricionais são essenciais para combater deficiências de nutrientes e promover a saúde humana. Assim, pressupõe-se a hipótese de que os genótipos de batata-doce diferem na qualidade físico-química e nos compostos bioativos quando avaliados sob as mesmas condições ambientais. Deste modo, este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a qualidade físico-química e os compostos bioativos em genótipos de batata-doce de polpa alaranjada. O experimento foi conduzido de abril de 2022 a agosto de 2022, na área experimental de Engenharia Agronômica, localizada na Unidade Acadêmica Especializada em Ciências Agrárias (UAECA) - UFRN, em Macaíba, RN, Brasil. Os tratamentos foram compostos por oito genótipos, sendo duas cultivares (BRS Amélia e Beauregard) e seis acessos (Macaíba I, Macaíba II, Macaíba III, Macaíba IV, Ceará-Mirim e Natal I) de batata-doce de polpa alaranjada da coleção didática da UAECA. Após a colheita, foram avaliadas as seguintes características: firmeza, elasticidade, potencial hidrogeniônico (pH), acidez titulável (AT), sólidos solúveis (SS), razão (SS/AT), vitamina C e os compostos bioativos: antocianinas, flavonoides e carotenoides totais. Os genótipos de batata-doce de polpa alaranjada apresentaram características distintas para as variáveis físico-químicas e os compostos bioativos. Devido ao aumento do pH da polpa, as antocianinas foram reduzidas nos genótipos Ceará-Mirim, Macaíba III e Macaíba IV. Os genótipos Macaíba II e Natal I se destacaram quanto à relação SS/AT, flavonoides e antocianinas. Em contrapartida, o genótipo Macaíba III apresentou o maior teor de carotenoides e grande potencial bioativo.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252025v3812724rc

13.

Growth stimulants for seed treatment and foliar aplication in watermelon crops
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Oliveira, Silvia S. C. de

; Ponciano, Vanessa de F. G.

; Cruz, Sihélio J. S.

; Valichesky, Romano R.

; Goulart, Raphael M.

Revista Caatinga

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2025, Volume 38 elocation e12547

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Plant growth stimulants are a promising technology for agriculture to improve plant growth. These stimulants are often derived from a blend of plant regulators, minerals, amino acids, and other substances tested on various plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a growth stimulant (micronutrients and amino acids) for seed treatment and foliar application on the initial growth of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus; cultivar Crimson Sweet). A randomized block experimental design with four replications was used, in a 6×2 factorial arrangement consisted of six growth stimulant rates (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 mL kg-1) for seed treatment, combined or not with foliar application of the same growth stimulant at 300 mL ha-1 26 days after sowing. The plant characteristics evaluated were: number of leaves per plant; shoot, root, and total plant lengths (cm); and shoot, root, and total dry weights. The use of the growth stimulant rate of 4 mL kg-1 for treating watermelon seeds, combined with foliar application of the growth stimulant (300 mL ha-1 26 days after sowing), provided the best growth conditions to the plants, which was shown by their higher number of leaves, shoot length, and shoot and total dry weights.

RESUMO O uso de estimulante de crescimento é uma tecnologia promissora para a agricultura por proporcionar melhor condição de crescimento para as plantas, pois são oriundos da mistura de reguladores vegetais, minerais, aminoácidos e outras substâncias que têm sido testadas em diferentes plantas. Assim, objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar os efeitos do tratamento com micronutrientes e aminoácidos em sementes e adubação foliar em plantas de melancia (Citrullus lanatus), sobre o crescimento inicial das plantas. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições e arranjo fatorial 6 x 2 composto por seis doses do tratamento de sementes (0; 1; 2; 3; 4 e 5 mL kg-1 sementes) e sem ou com adubação foliar utilizando o bioestimulante na dose de 300 mL ha-1. Foram avaliados: número de folhas por planta; comprimento da parte aérea, raiz e total das plantas (cm); massa seca da parte aérea, raiz e total das plantas. A dose de 4 mL kg-1 sementes de melancia, cultivar Crimson Sweet, no tratamento de sementes e a adubação foliar no vigésimo sexto dia após a emergência das plântulas na dose de 300 ml ha-1 proporcionam melhores condições de crescimento as plantas devido aos incrementos nas variáveis número de folhas, comprimento e massa seca da parte aérea e total.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252025v3812547rc

14.

Synthesis, Antileishmanial Activity, and in silico Study of 2-Hydroxy 3 (1,2,3 triazolyl)propyl Vanillin Derivatives
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Santiago, Samira S.

; Freitas, Camila S.

; Costa, Adilson V.

; Oliveira, Mariana B. de

; Faria, Aidene F. C.

; Belarmino, William S.

; Moura, Gisely F.

; Santos, Nayara A. dos

; Romão, Wanderson

; Lacerda Júnior, Valdemar

; Oliveira, Fabrício M. de

; Oliveira, Osmair V.

; Coelho, Eduardo A. F.

; Teixeira, Róbson R.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2025, Volume 36 Nº 5 elocation e-20240200

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

This study details the preparation, antileishmanial assay, and in silico analysis of twenty 2-hydroxy-3-(1,2,3-triazolyl)propyl vanillin derivatives. These compounds were synthesized in three steps and evaluated against Leishmania infantum, Leishmania amazonensis, and Leishmania braziliensis promastigotes. Compounds 3s and 3t were the most effective, showing good activity against all Leishmania species tested. Molecular docking indicated that all compounds bind favorably to the sterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51) enzyme from L. infantum. ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity) analysis indicated good oral bioavailability, non blood-brain barrier penetration, and high gastrointestinal absorption. Posaconazole and compounds 3e, 3s, and 3t remained stable in the CYP51 binding region during 100 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Root mean square deviation (RMSD) and root mean square fluctuations (RMSF) analyses from the MD trajectory revealed significant conformational fluctuations of the CYP51 N-terminal, suggesting occasional expulsion of 3e, potentially explaining its higher IC50 (half-maximal inhibitory concentration) values. Pairwise decomposition analyses from molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM/PBSA) calculations highlighted the importance of hydrophobic residues in interacting with the synthesized derivatives.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20240200

15.

Integration of LBDD and SBDD Studies on Drug Design: A Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase (FAAH) Case Study
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Santana, Pedro A. L.

; Ruas, Marina S. M. Veríssimo, Gabriel C. Terra, Ana C. G. Oliveira, Renata B. de Maltarollo, Vinícius G.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2025, Volume 36 Nº 2 elocation e-20240117

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The inhibition of the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), an endocannabinoid system component, emerged as a potentially new therapeutic target for a range of clinical disorders such as acute and chronic pain. Some α-ketoheterocycle derivatives demonstrated interesting analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities in vitro. Ligand-Based Drug Design techniques such as knowledge graph convolutional networks (kGCN) and hologram quantitative structure-activity relationship (HQSAR) using α-ketoheterocycle derivatives from five different datasets were generated to discover the relation between the chemical structures and the inhibition activity. Meanwhile, structure-based drug design simulations as interaction fields (MIF), molecular docking, and ligand sites studies (LSI) from FAAH were performed using Autogrid software and FTmap/FTsite servers. The results of both studies were merged to propose predictive models. The resulting kGCN model demonstrated adequate accuracy area under the curve by receiver operating characteristic (AUC-ROC 0.7922). From contribution maps of the Ligand-Based Drug Design (LBDD) models and the generated probes using MIF and LSI, it was observed that the oxazole ring, the ketone group, and the apolar chain present in the structures of the inhibitors are important, besides the evidence of the Cys269 and Val270 residues importance for the potential interaction, confirmed by carried docking studies. These fragments and structural information can be used to carry out new FAAH potential inhibitors studies and report kGCN as an accurate classification technique.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20240117

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