AISI 316L is a metallic biomaterial used in Unified Health System (SUS) due to low cost. However, corrosion in AISI 316L is a major cause of premature failure and toxic reactions to implants. Nanotubular or nanoporous anodized layers have proven to be good and affordable alternatives to create greater interaction and less damage to human tissue. Thus, the main of this study was to obtain a nanoporous layer by anodizing on AISI 316L, aiming to improve its corrosion resistance for use as a biomaterial. AISI 316L were anodized in 10M NaOH, 0.6mA/cm2 for 5 and 10min. Transients of current density and potential and oxide color were evaluated. Anodized layers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis and electrochemical assays. Nanoporous anodized layers with nanoplate arrangement were obtained. The 5min anodized sample showed better corrosion resistance than the original steel, being considered promising for use as a biomaterial. L SUS (SUS cost However implants tissue Thus M NaOH 06mAcm2 mAcm 0 6mA cm2 mA cm 0.6mA/cm 10min min evaluated microscopy Xray X ray assays obtained steel 06mAcm

Abstract Cerrado is the second largest biome in Brazil, and it is responsible for providing us several ecosystem services, including the functions of storing Carbon and biodiversity conservation. In this study, we developed a modeling approach to predict the Aboveground biomass (AGB) in Cerrado vegetation using Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), vegetation indices retrieved from RapidEye satellite imagery, and field data acquired within the Federal District territory, Brazil. Correlation testing was performed to identify potential vegetation index candidates to be used as input in the AGB modeling. Several ANNs were trained to predict the AGB in the study area using vegetation indices and field data. The optimum ANN was selected according to criteria of mean error of the estimate, correlation coefficient, and graphical analysis. The best performing ANN showed a predictive power of 90% and RMSE less than 17%. The validation tests showed no significant difference between the observed and ANN-predicted values. We estimated an average AGB of 16.55± 8.6 Mg.ha-1 in shrublands in the study area. Our study results indicate that vegetation indices and ANNs combined could accurately estimate the AGB in the Cerrado vegetation in the study area, showing to be a promising methodological approach to be broadly applied throughout the Cerrado biome. Brazil services conservation (AGB ANNs, , (ANNs) imagery territory coefficient analysis 90 17 17% ANNpredicted predicted values 1655 16 55 16.55 86 8 6 8. Mg.ha1 Mgha1 Mgha Mg.ha 1 Mg ha Mg.ha- (ANNs 9 165 5 16.5 ha1 16.

ABSTRACT: Vagal indigestion (VI) is a digestive disorder characterized by the dysfunction of the vagus nerve. This disorder leads to changes in forestomach motility. The causes of VI are varied. Failure to transport digestive contents may occur due to mechanical obstruction or a neurogenic origin. There are few reports in the literature regarding this disease in mini-cattle. These cattle seem to be predisposed to the development of VI. The aim of the present study was to analyze the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and electrocardiographic aspects of mini-cattle diagnosed with VI. The medical records of nine mini-cattle diagnosed with VI were retrospectively reviewed. Mini-cattle were referred to the Large Animal Hospital in Botucatu, Brazil, from 2002 to 2021. It was observed that VI affected young mini-cattle. The predominant clinical manifestations were intermittent gas ruminoreticular tympanism with increased volume in the left paralumbar fossa and increased volume in the right ventral region (apple/pear aspect), hypomotility in ruminal auscultation and the presence of pasty stools. The mean heart rate of the animals was 75 beats per minute. In one case, bradycardia was observed by electrocardiogram and Holter monitor system. In this case, the predominance of parasympathetic activity of the autonomic nervous system was observed. The main hematological findings were leukocytosis and lymphocytosis. The therapeutic approach included ruminal fistulation and the implantation of a permanent rumen cannula. All animals undergoing the procedure were discharged with daily care instructions. ABSTRACT (VI nerve motility varied origin minicattle. minicattle mini cattle. epidemiological laboratory reviewed Minicattle Mini Botucatu Brazil 200 2021 apple/pear applepear apple pear aspect, aspect , aspect) stools 7 minute case lymphocytosis cannula instructions 20 202 2

RESUMO: A indigestão vagal (IV) é um distúrbio digestivo caracterizado pela disfunção do nervo vago. Esse distúrbio leva a alterações na motilidade dos pré-estômagos. As causas da IV são variadas. A falha no transporte do conteúdo digestivo pode ocorrer por obstrução mecânica ou pode ser de origem neurogênica. Há poucos relatos na literatura a respeito dessa enfermidade em mini-bovinos. Esses bovinos parecem estar predispostos ao desenvolvimento de IV. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar os aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos, laboratoriais e eletrocardiográficos de mini-bovinos diagnosticados com IV. Os prontuários de nove mini-bovinos diagnosticados com IV foram revisados retrospectivamente. Os mini-bovinos foram encaminhados ao Hospital de Grandes Animais de Botucatu, Brasil, de 2002 a 2021. Observou-se que a IV acometeu mini-bovinos jovens. As manifestações clínicas predominantes foram timpanismo ruminoreticular gasoso intermitente com aumento de volume na fossa paralombar esquerda e aumento de volume na região ventral direita (aspecto maçã/pêra), hipomotilidade na ausculta ruminal e presença de fezes pastosas. A frequência cardíaca média dos animais foi de 75 batimentos por minuto. Em um caso, foi observada bradicardia por meio do eletrocardiograma e do sistema Holter. Neste caso observou-se a predominância da atividade parassimpática do sistema nervoso autônomo. Os principais achados hematológicos foram leucocitose e linfocitose. A abordagem terapêutica incluiu fistulação ruminal e implante de cânula ruminal permanente. Todos os animais submetidos ao procedimento receberam alta hospitalar com orientações de cuidados diários. RESUMO (IV vago préestômagos. préestômagos pré estômagos. estômagos pré-estômagos variadas neurogênica minibovinos. minibovinos mini bovinos. epidemiológicos clínicos retrospectivamente Botucatu Brasil 200 2021 Observouse Observou se jovens aspecto maçã/pêra, maçãpêra maçã/pêra , maçã pêra maçã/pêra) pastosas 7 minuto Holter observouse observou autônomo linfocitose permanente diários 20 202 2

This study seeks to synthesize, by the sol-gel method, an organic-inorganic hybrid coating of polyurethane, siloxane and silver nanoparticles to cover titanium prostheses, aiming to act as an anticorrosive protection barrier, inhibiting the release of metallic ions in the human body. In this context, a hybrid based on the TEOS (tetraethyl orthosilicate) alkoxide precursor was used to carry out the acid hydrolysis/condensation process. Then, silver nanoparticles were added, and the mixture was done with the incorporation of polycaprolactone diol, followed by the addition of hexamethylene diisocyanate, to form polyurethane. The hybrid coatings were applied on titanium plates, and morphological, physical-chemical and electrochemical characterizations were carried out, as well as the evaluation of bactericidal and antifungal activity, in order to evaluate the performance of the coatings and the influence of diferente concentrations of silver nanoparticles (10 mL, 20 mL and 40 mL). The results showed that although Híbrido 10 (lowest concentration of silver nanoparticles, 10 mL) presented the best morphological characteristic without cracks and with satisfactory roughness to obtain the best bacterial behavior, the Híbrido 20 sample presented the best electrochemical performance. synthesize solgel sol gel method organicinorganic organic inorganic polyurethane prostheses barrier body context tetraethyl orthosilicate hydrolysiscondensation hydrolysis condensation process Then added diol diisocyanate plates physicalchemical physical chemical activity (1 2 4 mL. . 1 lowest behavior (

ABSTRACT Porcine hemoplasmosis is characterized as a geographically cosmopolitan disease caused by Mycoplasma suis and Mycoplasma parvum. Asymptomatic pigs are considered the focus of hemoplasmosis because they are carriers and reservoirs to new infections. This study aimed to determine the molecular occurrence of porcine hemoplasmas (PH) in the production cycle of technified farrow-to-finished swine herds. For this purpose, 20 swine herds were evaluated, where 501 whole blood samples were collected for qPCR and phylogenetic analyses for hemoplasmas. The epidemiological analysis was performed for the entire population and per the growth stage. The total prevalence for PH was 31.93% (161/501); 95% (19/20) of sampled herds were positive. The occurrence of PH by swine growth stages was nursery (30.47%), growing (31.29%), finishing (26.18%), and slaughter (40.25%). The quantification cycles (Cq) ranged from 3.18- 39.56 and the number of PH 16S rRNA copies per µL of DNA ranged from 5,57 x10-2 to 2.23 x1010. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of five selected samples showed 100% identity with M. parvum strain Indiana and two M. parvum sequences from Brazil/Goiás. This is the first report on PH in technified herds in Southeastern Brazil by growth stages. infections (PH farrowtofinished farrow finished purpose 2 evaluated 50 stage 3193 31 93 31.93 161/501 161501 161 (161/501) 95 19/20 1920 19 (19/20 positive 30.47%, 3047 30.47% , 30 47 (30.47%) 31.29%, 3129 31.29% 29 (31.29%) 26.18%, 2618 26.18% 26 18 (26.18%) 40.25%. 4025 40.25% . 40 25 (40.25%) Cq (Cq 3.18 318 3 3956 39 56 39.5 S 557 5 57 5,5 x102 x x10 x10- 223 23 2.2 x1010 100 M BrazilGoiás Goiás Brazil/Goiás 319 9 31.9 161/50 16150 16 (161/501 19/2 192 1 (19/2 304 30.47 4 (30.47% 312 31.29 (31.29% 261 26.18 (26.18% 402 40.25 (40.25% 3.1 395 39. 55 5, x1 22 2. x101 10 31. 161/5 1615 (161/50 19/ (19/ 30.4 (30.47 31.2 (31.29 26.1 (26.18 40.2 (40.25 3. 161/ (161/5 (19 30. (30.4 (31.2 26. (26.1 40. (40.2 (161/ (1 (30. (31. (26. (40. (161 ( (30 (31 (26 (40 (16 (3 (2 (4

RESUMO A hemoplasmose suína é uma doença geograficamente cosmopolita, causada por Mycoplasma suis e Mycoplasma parvum. Suínos assintomáticos são considerados foco de hemoplasmose por serem portadores e reservatórios de novas infecções. Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar a ocorrência molecular de hemoplasmas suínos (HP) no ciclo de produção de rebanhos suínos tecnificados. Foram avaliados 20 rebanhos suínos e coletadas 501 amostras de sangue total para qPCR e análises filogenéticas para hemoplasmas. A análise epidemiológica foi realizada pela população e por estágio de crescimento. A prevalência total de HP foi de 31,93% (161/501); 95% (19/20) dos rebanhos amostrados foram positivos. A ocorrência de HP por fases de crescimento dos suínos foi: creche (30,47%), em crescimento (31,29%), acabamento (26,18%) e abate (40,25%). Os ciclos de quantificação (Cq) variaram de 3,18-39,56 e o número de cópias de rRNA PH 16S por µL de DNA variou de 5,57 x10-2 a 2,23 x1010. O sequenciamento e a análise filogenética de cinco amostras selecionadas mostraram 100% de identidade com a cepa indiana de M. parvum e duas sequências de M. parvum do Brasil / Goiás. Este é o primeiro relato de HP em rebanhos tecnificados, na região Sudeste do Brasil, por estágios de crescimento. cosmopolita infecções (HP tecnificados 2 50 3193 31 93 31,93 161/501 161501 161 (161/501) 95 19/20 1920 19 (19/20 positivos 30,47%, 3047 30,47% , 30 47 (30,47%) 31,29%, 3129 31,29% 29 (31,29%) 26,18% 2618 26 18 (26,18% 40,25%. 4025 40,25% . 40 25 (40,25%) Cq (Cq 3,1839,56 3183956 3,18 39,56 3 39 56 3,18-39,5 S 557 5 57 5,5 x102 x x10 x10- 223 23 2,2 x1010 100 M Goiás 319 9 31,9 161/50 16150 16 (161/501 19/2 192 1 (19/2 304 30,47 4 (30,47% 312 31,29 (31,29% 26,18 261 (26,18 402 40,25 (40,25% 1839 3,1839,5 318395 318 3,1 3956 39,5 3,18-39, 55 5, x1 22 2, x101 10 31, 161/5 1615 (161/50 19/ (19/ 30,4 (30,47 31,2 (31,29 26,1 (26,1 40,2 (40,25 183 3,1839, 31839 3, 395 39, 3,18-39 161/ (161/5 (19 30, (30,4 (31,2 26, (26, 40, (40,2 3,1839 3183 3,18-3 (161/ (1 (30, (31, (26 (40, 3,183 3,18- (161 ( (30 (31 (2 (40 (16 (3 (4

RESUMO Objetivou-se estimar parâmetros genéticos para dados simulados de peso corporal (PC), largura abdominal (LA), comprimento abdominal (CA) e oviposição (OV). A simulação foi conduzida com base em dados reais, coletados em apiários da região do Campo das Vertentes, Minas Gerais. As estimativas das análises genéticas foram realizadas por modelos uni e bicaracterísticos, sendo os componentes de (co) variância estimados pelo método da máxima verossimilhança restrita. As herdabilidades para PC, LA, CA e OV foram de 0,54, 0,47, 0,31 e 0,66 respectivamente. As correlações genéticas foram positivas e de alta magnitude para PC e LA (0,80), PC e OV (0,69), LA e OV (0,82) e CA e OV (0,96). Para PC e CA (0,11) e LA e CA (0,26), as correlações genéticas foram moderadas e de baixa magnitude. As correlações fenotípicas foram positivas e de alta magnitude para PC e LA (0,97), PC e CA (0,96) e LA e CA (0,98). Para OV e CA (0,02), OV e LA (-0,02) e OV e PC (-0,03), foram encontradas correlações fenotípicas de magnitude baixa e próximas de zero. Novos estudos devem ser realizados em populações com dados biológicos, a fim de se observar o impacto da seleção em características de interesse econômico.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to estimate genetic parameters for simulated data of body weight (BW), abdominal width (AW), abdominal length (AL), and oviposition. Simulation was performed based on real data collected at apiaries in the region of Campo das Vertentes, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Genetic evaluations were performed using single- and two-trait models and (co)variance components were estimated by the restricted maximum likelihood method. The heritability for BW, AW, AL and oviposition were 0.54, 0.47, 0.31 and 0.66, respectively. Positive genetic correlations of high magnitude were obtained between BW and AW (0.80), BW and oviposition (0.69), AW and oviposition (0.82), and AL and oviposition (0.96). The genetic correlations between BW and AL (0.11) and between AW and AL (0.26) were considered moderate and low. In contrast, the phenotypic correlations were positive and high between BW and AW (0.97), BW and AL (0.96), and AW and AL (0.98). Phenotypic correlations of low magnitude and close to zero were obtained for oviposition with AL (0.02), AW (-0.02), and BW (-0.03). New studies involving these characteristics should be conducted on populations with biological data in order to evaluate the impact of selection on traits of economic interest.

RESUMO Objetivou-se descrever os principais comportamentos que os queixadas (Tayassu pecari) expressam em sistema de produção semi-intensivo no Brasil, bem como suas diferenças de frequências comportamentais em função do período do dia. Foram avaliadas as atividades comportamentais de dois grupos de queixadas alocados em dois piquetes, totalizando 17 animais adultos e eventuais filhotes em diferentes estágios comportamentais. Na fase adaptativa e experimental os animais foram observados visualmente pelos métodos ad libitum e scan sample, respectivamente. Os animais foram avaliados nos períodos da manhã, tarde e noite. As atividades comportamentais observadas pelo método ad libitum foram alimentação, contato com a piscina, movimentação, interior do brete de manejo, descanso, lameando, esfregação mútua, esfregar-se, agressão, comportamento sexual, cópula, fuçando, amamentação, dormindo, marcando território, interações, manilha, parição, roendo e outros comportamentos. Todos os comportamentos observados pelo método ad libitum foram confirmados no período experimental scan sample, exceto para as variáveis marcando território e parição. O efeito do período do dia foi estatisticamente significativo (P<0,05) sobre as frequências dos comportamentos alimentação, contato com a piscina, movimentação, interior do brete de manejo, descanso, lameando e dormindo. Os resultados contribuem para a compreensão dos hábitos instintivos dos animais e, com isso, colaborar com a elaboração de protocolos de manejo nutricional, ambiental e sanitário, buscando-se suprir as necessidades dos queixadas. Futuras pesquisas envolvendo queixadas em cativeiro fomentarão os estudos voltados aos aspectos biológicos, conservacionistas e produtivos.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to describe the main behaviors of white-lipped peccaries (Tayassu pecari) expressed in a semi-intensive production system in Brazil. The behavioral activities of two groups of peccaries allocated in two paddocks were assessed, totaling 17 adult animals and eventual pups in different developmental stages. The animals were visually observed using the ad libitum sampling and scan sample methods during the adaptation and experimental phases, respectively. The animals were evaluated in the morning, afternoon, and at night. The behavioral activities observed by ad libitum sampling comprised feeding, pool contact, moving, staying inside the handling area, resting, mud bathing, mutual rubbing, rubbing, aggression, sexual behavior, copulation, foraging, breastfeeding, sleeping, territorial marking, interactions, birthing, gnawing, and other behaviors. All behaviors observed by the ad libitum sampling method were confirmed in the experimental period by scan sample, except for territorial marking and birthing. The effects of time of day were statistically significant (p <0.05) for eating, pool contact, movement, staying inside the handling area, resting, mud bathing and sleeping. These results contribute to the understanding of instinctive animal habits and to the development of nutritional, environmental and health management protocols that meet the requirements of peccaries.

RESUMO O queijo minas artesanal é produzido por culturas starters endógenas, incluindo bactérias ácido-láticas (BAL). Algumas BAL podem possuir potencial probiótico. Com isso, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as propriedades probióticas in vitro de lactobacilos isolados de queijo minas artesanal produzido no estado de Minas Gerais. Dez amostras de lactobacilos, previamente isoladas desses queijos, foram submetidas aos seguintes testes: susceptibilidade aos antimicrobianos, tolerância ao suco gástrico artificial e aos sais biliares, produção de peróxido de hidrogênio e antagonismo contra micro-organismos patogênicos e não patogênicos. Apenas L. plantarum (C0) foi sensível a todos os antimicrobianos testados, enquanto as outras amostras de BAL foram resistentes a, pelo menos, uma droga testada. Seis amostras foram tolerantes ao suco gástrico artificial, e L. brevis (A6) apresentou crescimento nesse meio. Três amostras foram tolerantes aos sais biliares. Apenas L. brevis (E35) produziu peróxido de hidrogênio. Diferença (P<0,05) foi observada entre as médias dos halos de inibição de lactobacilos contra Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 19433 e Lactobacillus plantarum C24 no teste do spot-on-the-lawn. Todas as amostras de lactobacilos inibiram Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella enterica var. Typhimurium ATCC 14028 no teste de antagonismo em cocultura (P<0,0001). A maioria das amostras de lactobacilos apresentou potencial probiótico in vitro. Com base nas amostras testadas, L. brevis (A6) apresentou os melhores resultados, considerando-se todos os testes probióticos in vitro.

ABSTRACT Minas artisanal cheese is made from endogenous starter cultures, including lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Some LAB may possess probiotic potential. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the in vitro probiotic properties of lactobacilli isolated from Minas artisanal cheeses produced in Minas Gerais. Ten samples of lactobacilli, formerly isolated from those cheeses, were submitted to the following assays: antimicrobial susceptibility, tolerance to artificial gastric juice and biliary salts, production of hydrogen peroxide and antagonism against pathogenic and non-pathogenic micro-organisms. Only L. plantarum (C0) was sensitive to all tested antimicrobials, while the other LAB samples were resistant to at least one drug. Six samples were tolerant to artificial gastric juice, and L. brevis (A6) even grew in that medium. Three samples were tolerant to biliary salts. Only L. brevis (E35) produced hydrogen peroxide. Difference (P< 0.05) was observed among the means of inhibition haloes of lactobacilli against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 19433 and Lactobacillus plantarum C24 in spot-on-the-lawn assay. All samples of lactobacilli inhibited Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella enterica var. Typhimurium ATCC 14028 in co-culture antagonism test (P< 0.0001). Most lactobacilli samples showed in vitro probiotic potential. From the tested samples, L. brevis (A6) presented the best results considering all in vitro probiotic tests.

Tachigali vulgaris L.G. Silva & H.C. Lima é uma espécie pioneira, colonizador de terrenos marginais e margens de estradas, que frequentemente inicia sucessão secundária em áreas abertas pela intensa germinação de suas sementes no solo. Estudos sobre espécies amazônicas de rápido crescimento são muito escassos, quando se refere à influência de fatores abióticos sobre a ecofisiologia. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação pertencente ao laboratório de Estudos da Biodiversidade de Plantas Superiores da Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia. O experimento foi inteiramente casualizado em regime de parcelas divididas, dois tempos: cinco e dez dias de suspensão de água e duas condições de água: controle e déficit de água, com quatro repetições com uma planta/vaso. A condição de deficiência de água por dez dias afetou negativamente o crescimento e os indicadores de troca de gás (A, gs e E). Adicionando ao fato de que o experimento ocorreu em um ano de anomalia climática extrema (El Niño), as plantas não resistiram e morreram nas condições internas de casa de vegetação. A condição de deficiência de água alterou os parâmetros de crescimento e as relações ambientais da espécie Tachigali vulgaris, evidenciando assim sua baixa plasticidade fisiológica a esta condição abiótica.

Tachigali vulgaris L.G. Silva & H.C. Lima is a pioneer species, colonizer of marginal lands and road margins, which often initiates secondary succession in open areas by the intense germination of their seeds in the soil. Studies on fast-growing Amazon forest species are very scarce, when it refers to the influence of abiotic factors on an ecophysiology of the species. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse belong to laboratory of Estudos da Biodiversidade de Plantas Superiores of the Federal Rural University of Amazonia. The experiment was completely randomized in split plot scheme, two times: five and ten days of water suspension, and two water conditions: control and water deficit, with four replications with one plant /pot. The water deficiency condition for ten days negatively affected the growth and indicators of gas exchange (A, gs and E). Adding to the fact that the experiment occurred in a year of extreme climatic anomaly (El Niño), the plants did not resist and perished in the internal conditions of greenhouse. The water deficiency condition altered the growth parameters and the environmental relations of the Tachigali vulgaris species, thus evidencing its low physiological plasticity to this abiotic condition.

RESUMO A lesão renal isquêmica pode estar associada a procedimentos urológicos, tais como cirurgia renovascular, cirurgia renal extracorpórea ou transplante renal. Essa injúria, muitas vezes, é seguida de insuficiência renal aguda. O objetivo deste trabalho foi observar a localização da E-caderina e da β-catenina em rim de cães, além de relacionar a expressão dessas proteínas das junções de aderência em diferentes tempos de isquemia e reperfusão com ou sem a aplicação de clorpromazina. Para tanto, foram utilizados 12 cães, distribuídos aleatoriamente em dois grupos de seis indivíduos: grupo A, com isquemia e reperfusão sem tratamento por clorpromazina, e o grupo B, com isquemia e reperfusão tratado por clorpromazina. No procedimento cirúrgico, foi realizada uma incisão paracostal esquerda para identificação e isolamento do rim esquerdo e da artéria renal esquerda. Após o isolamento da artéria, os animais de todos os grupos tiveram o vaso ocluído. Os animais do grupo B receberam clorpromazina via endovenosa, na dose de 5mg/kg, 15min antes da clampagem do vaso, que durou uma hora. Após este período, as artérias renais foram desobstruídas e os órgãos permaneceram em reperfusão por duas horas. Em cada grupo, foram extraídas seis amostras de parênquima renal, com utilização de agulha tru-cut, para marcação com anticorpos anti-E-caderina e anti-β-catenina por meio de imunoistoquímica. E-caderina e β-catenina são diferencialmente expressas em segmentos do córtex e da medula em rim de cães e o uso da clorpromazina não alterou a expressão das duas proteínas.

ABSTRACT Renal ischemia can be associated with some urological procedures, such as renovascular surgery or kidney transplantation, that are often followed by acute renal failure. The aim of this study was to verify the E-cadherin and β-catenin localization in canine kidney in different times of renal ischemia and reperfusion after chlorpromazine application. Twelve dogs were randomly distributed equally into two groups. GroupA with ischemia and reperfusion without chlorpromazine and groupB with ischemia and reperfusion treated by chlorpromazine. GroupB received intravenous chlorpromazine, 15 min before the artery obstruction, which lasted 1 hour. After this period, the clamps in the renal arteries were released and the organ remained in reperfusion for 2 hours. In each group, anti-E-cadherin and anti-β-catenin antibodies were made in six tissue samples from renal parenchyma. E-cadherin and β-catenin are differentially expressed in segments from cortex and medulla in dog’s kidneys and the use of chlorpromazine did not alter the expression of both proteins. Occlusion of the left renal artery in dogs causes morphological alterations mainly in proximal convoluted tubules, beginning 30min after the start of ischemia and being aggravated after two hours of reperfusion. These results reveal that chlorpromazine did not change kidneys’ histological aspect nor E-cadherin and β-catenin expression.

Abstract Selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) has become an important technique for reducing NOx emissions in industrial furnaces. The occurrence of convective recirculation can cause significant changes in SNCR performance. This paper presents the results of a study performed by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) considering: (i) changes of initial NOX; (ii) injection plan and (iii) NH3/NO molar ratio. The simulations have demonstrated that the convective recirculation (resultant from different injection plans and high temperature gradients) of flue gas assumes a role of vital importance for performance analysis of existing plants and the potential NOX reduction in furnaces during the design phase.

ABSTRACT The phytochemical study of the extract leaves from Maytenus distichophylla Mart. and Salacia crassifolia (Mart. ex Schult.) G. Don, Celastraceae, resulted in the isolation of 3-oxofriedelane, 3β-hydroxyfriedelane, 3β,24-dihydroxyfriedelane, 3-oxo-28,29-dihydroxyfriedelane, two mixtures of pentacyclic triterpenes (α-amyrin with β-amyrin and 3β-stearyloxy-urs-12-ene with 3β-stearyloxy-olean-12-ene), 3β-palmityloxy-urs-12-ene, the steroid β-sitosterol and its glycosylated derivative β-glucosyl-β-sitosterol, tritriacontanoic acid and the natural polymer gutta percha. The chemical structures of these constituents were established by IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectral data. Crude extracts, the mixtures of triterpenes and the isolated constituents were subjected to in vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory evaluation. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effect was observed for crude chloroform extract leaves from M. distichophylla (100%) and S. crassifolia (97.93 ± 5.63%) and for the triterpenes 3β,24-dihydroxyfriedelane (99.05 ± 1.12%), 3-oxo-28,29-dihydroxyfriedelane (90.59 ± 3.76%) and 3β-palmityloxy-urs-12-ene (97.93 ± 1.47%). The percent inhibitions induced by these natural products were very similar to those produced by physostigmine (93.94 ± 2.10%) a standard acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. Therefore, these results open perspectives for the use of these species as source of compounds with similar physostigmine pharmacological effect.

ABSTRACT Myrciaria floribunda (H. West ex Willd.) O. Berg, Myrtaceae, is a native plant species of the Atlantic Rain Forest, from north to south of Brazil. The lyophilized ethyl acetate extract from the leaves of M. floribunda was investigated for its antiproliferative activity in tumor cell lines, antioxidant capacity and its total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin contents. Antiproliferative activity was tested in vitro against seven human cancer cells and against immortalized human skin keratinocytes line (HaCat, no cancer cell). Antioxidant activity was determined using 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and oxygen radical absorbing capacity (ORAC) assays and total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin contents were determined by spectrophotometric techniques. Ethyl acetate extract of M. floribunda exhibited antiproliferative activity against cancer cell lines with total growth inhibition (TGI) between 69.70 and 172.10 µg/mL. For HaCat cell, TGI value was 213.60 µg/mL. M. floribunda showed a strong antioxidant potential: EC50 of 45.89±0.42 µg/mL and 0.55±0.05 mmol TE/g for DPPH and ORAC, respectively. Total phenolic content was 0.23±0.013g gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g extract and exhibited 13.10±1.60% of tannins content. The content of flavonoid was 24.08±0.44% expressed as rutin equivalents. These results provide a direction for further researches about the antitumoral potential of M. floribunda.

ABSTRACT A new lactone, 7-epi-griffonilide (1), and six known compounds, 2, 3a - 3c, 4a and 4b, were isolated from the leaves of Bauhinia pentandra (Fabaceae). The structures elucidation of 1 and 2 were based on detailed 2D NMR techniques and spectral comparison with related compounds, leading to complete assignment of the 1H and 13C NMR spectra.

RESUMO A torção esplênica isolada ou primária é uma enfermidade de ocorrência rara em cães, caracterizada pela torção do pedículo esplênico, sem que haja outra enfermidade concomitante. Os sinais clínicos e os exames laboratoriais são inespecíficos, porém a ultrassonografia, juntamente com o uso de Doppler colorido, tem sido importante para sugerir o diagnóstico, que é confirmado por meio de laparotomia exploratória. Este estudo relata o caso de um cão da raça Bulldog campeiro, cinco anos de idade, muito ativo, que recebia alimentação apenas uma vez ao dia. Este foi atendido no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Luterana do Brasil (HV-Ulbra), com histórico de prostração, emagrecimento e anorexia intermitente havia 10 dias. Neste caso relatado, o exame ultrassonográfico com Doppler colorido foi imprescindível para o diagnóstico, que pôde ser confirmado posteriormente pela laparotomia exploratória. Na celiotomia, observou-se o baço aumentado e rotacionado, envolto com o omento, e ambos encontravam-se desvitalizados. Por essa razão, foram realizados os procedimentos de esplenectomia total e omentectomia parcial da porção acometida.

ABSTRACT The individual or primary splenic torsion is a rare disease occurrence in dogs characterized by twisting the splenic pedicle, without any other concomitant disease. Clinical signs and laboratory tests are nonspecific, however, ultrasonography, along with the use of color Doppler, has been important to suggest the diagnosis is confirmed through exploratory laparotomy. This study reports the case of a 5-year-old very active male Bulldog Campeiro, who received food once a day, which was attended at the Veterinary Hospital of Universidade Luterana do Brasil (HV ULBRA) with a history of prostration, weight loss and intermittent anorexia during 10 days. Ultrasonography with color Doppler exam was essential for the diagnosis, which could be confirmed later by exploratory laparotomy. In celiotomy it was observed the spleen increased in size and rotated, wrapped with omentum and both were found devitalized. For this reason, the procedures of total splenectomy and partial omentectomy of the affected portion were performed.