ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate autoinflammatory diseases (AID) according to age at diagnosis and sex, and response to therapy in a large population. Methods: This is a cross-sectional observational study of a Latin American registry using a designed web system for data storage, collected between 2015 and 2018. Any altered findings during follow-up were recorded. The forms were translated into Portuguese and Spanish, including demographic, clinical, laboratory, genetic and treatment characteristics. Results: We included 152 patients, 51.3% male and 75% Caucasian. The median age at disease onset was 2.1 years (0–15.6 years) and median age at diagnosis 6.9 years (0–21.9 years); 111 (73%) were children (0–9 years old), and 41 (27%) were adolescents and young adults (AYA) (10–21 years old). Periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and adenitis syndrome (PFAPA) occurred in 46/152 (30%), chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) in 32/152 (21%), and familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) in 24/152 (15.7%). PFAPA was significantly higher in young children than in AYA (38.7% vs. 7.3%, p<0.001), while CNO were lower (13.5% vs. 41.5%, p<0.001). The frequency of females was significantly higher in CNO (28.4% vs. 14.1%, p=0.031) and lower in FMF (8.1% vs. 23.1%, p=0.011). The most used drugs were glucocorticoids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), and colchicine. Glucocorticoids and colchicine treatment were used in all AID with good to moderate response. However, cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS) seemed unresponsive to glucocorticoids. NSAIDs and methotrexate were the main medications used to treat CNO. Conclusions: Differences among AID patients were observed in the LA population regarding sex and age at disease diagnosis. Objective (AID Methods crosssectional cross sectional storage 201 2018 followup follow up recorded Spanish demographic clinical laboratory characteristics Results 15 513 51 3 51.3 75 Caucasian 21 2 1 2. 0–15.6 0156 0 6 (0–15. 69 9 6. 0–21.9 0219 (0–21. 11 73% 73 (73% 0–9 09 (0– old, old , old) 4 27% 27 (27% (AYA 10–21 1021 10 (10–2 old. . stomatitis pharyngitis (PFAPA 46152 46 46/15 30%, 30 30% (30%) nonbacterial non bacterial (CNO 32152 32 32/15 21%, 21% (21%) (FMF 24152 24 24/15 15.7%. 157 15.7% 7 (15.7%) 38.7% 387 38 (38.7 vs 7.3% p<0.001, p0001 p p<0.001 001 p<0.001) 13.5% 135 13 5 (13.5 415 41.5% p<0.001. 28.4% 284 28 (28.4 141 14 14.1% p=0.031 p0031 031 8.1% 81 8 (8.1 231 23 23.1% p=0.011. p0011 p=0.011 011 p=0.011) glucocorticoids nonsteroidal steroidal antiinflammatory anti inflammatory NSAID, NSAID (NSAID) However cryopyrinassociated cryopyrin associated CAPS (CAPS Conclusions 20 51. 0–15. 015 (0–15 0–21. 021 (0–21 (73 0– (0 (27 10–2 102 (10– 4615 46/1 (30% 3215 32/1 (21% 2415 24/1 15.7 (15.7% 38.7 (38. 7.3 p000 p<0.00 00 13.5 (13. 41.5 28.4 (28. 14.1 p=0.03 p003 03 8.1 (8. 23.1 p001 p=0.01 01 (NSAID 0–15 (0–1 0–21 02 (0–2 (7 ( (2 10– (10 461 46/ (30 321 32/ (21 241 24/ 15. (15.7 38. (38 7. p00 p<0.0 13. (13 41. 28. (28 14. p=0.0 8. (8 23. 0–1 0–2 (1 (3 (15. p0 p<0. p=0. (15 p<0 p=0 p< p=

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar as doenças autoinflamatórias (DAI) de acordo com sexo e idade no momento do diagnóstico e a resposta terapêutica em uma grande população. Métodos: Este é um estudo observacional transversal de um registro latino-americano que usou um sistema de dados coletados entre 2015 e 2018. Quaisquer achados alterados ao longo do acompanhamento foram registrados. Os formulários foram traduzidos para os idiomas português e espanhol, incluindo características demográficas, clínicas, laboratoriais, genéticas e de tratamento. Resultados: Incluímos 152 pacientes, sendo 51,3% do sexo masculino e 75% da raça branca. A média de idade de início da doença foi de 2,1 anos (0–15,6 anos) e a média de idade de diagnóstico 6,9 anos (0–21,9 anos); 111 (73%) eram crianças (0–9 anos) e 41 (27%) adolescentes/adultos jovens (10–21 anos). A síndrome de febre periódica, estomatite aftosa, faringite e adenite (PFAPA) ocorreu em 46/152 (30%), osteomielite não bacteriana crônica (CNO) em 32/152 (21%) e febre familiar do Mediterrâneo (FMF) em 24/152 (15,7%). A PFAPA foi significativamente maior em crianças pequenas (38,7 vs. 7,3%, p<0,001), e a CNO, em adolescentes/adultos jovens (13,5 vs. 41,5%, p<0,001). A frequência do sexo feminino foi significativamente maior na CNO (28,4 vs. 14,1%, p=0,031) e menor na FMF (8,1 vs. 23,1%, p=0,011). Os medicamentos mais utilizados foram glicocorticoides, anti-inflamatórios não esteroidais (AINE) e colchicina. O tratamento com glicocorticoides e colchicina foi usado em todas as DAI com resposta boa a moderada. No entanto, as síndromes periódicas associadas à criopirina (CAPS) pareciam não responder aos glicocorticoides. AINE e metotrexato foram os principais medicamentos utilizados no tratamento da CNO. Conclusões: Diferenças de pacientes com DAI foram observadas na população latino-americana em pacientes agrupados por sexo e idade ao diagnóstico da doença. Objetivo (DAI Métodos latinoamericano latino americano 201 2018 registrados espanhol demográficas clínicas laboratoriais Resultados 15 513 51 3 51,3 75 branca 21 2 1 2, 0–15,6 0156 0 6 (0–15, 69 9 6, 0–21,9 0219 (0–21, 11 73% 73 (73% 0–9 09 (0– 4 27% 27 (27% adolescentesadultos adolescentes adultos 10–21 1021 10 (10–2 anos. . periódica aftosa (PFAPA 46152 46 46/15 30%, 30 30% , (30%) (CNO 32152 32 32/15 21% (21% (FMF 24152 24 24/15 15,7%. 157 15,7% 7 (15,7%) 38,7 387 38 (38, vs 7,3% p<0,001, p0001 p p<0,001 001 p<0,001) 13,5 135 13 5 (13, 415 41,5% p<0,001. 28,4 284 28 (28, 141 14 14,1% p=0,031 p0031 031 8,1 81 8 (8, 231 23 23,1% p=0,011. p0011 p=0,011 011 p=0,011) antiinflamatórios anti inflamatórios (AINE moderada entanto CAPS (CAPS Conclusões latinoamericana americana 20 51, 0–15, 015 (0–15 0–21, 021 (0–21 (73 0– (0 (27 10–2 102 (10– 4615 46/1 (30% 3215 32/1 (21 2415 24/1 15,7 (15,7% 38, (38 7,3 p000 p<0,00 00 13, (13 41,5 28, (28 14,1 p=0,03 p003 03 8, (8 23,1 p001 p=0,01 01 0–15 (0–1 0–21 02 (0–2 (7 ( (2 10– (10 461 46/ (30 321 32/ 241 24/ 15, (15,7 (3 7, p00 p<0,0 (1 41, 14, p=0,0 23, 0–1 0–2 (15, p0 p<0, p=0, (15 p<0 p=0 p< p=

Resumo Este trabalho analisa o sistema prisional brasileiro, destacando o aumento da população carcerária, superlotação, violência, seletividade penal e as penas alternativas. Explora-se a contribuição de intelectuais, como Clóvis Moura, Florestan Fernandes, Octavio Ianni, Darcy Ribeiro, Jacob Gorender e Lucio Kowarick, para entender o encarceramento no Brasil, considerando suas raízes no período escravista e colonial. Este ensaio bibliográfico busca lançar luz à resiliência do punitivismo no país, baseando-se nas protoformas escravistas do capitalismo dependente, conforme descrito pelos clássicos do pensamento social brasileiro. Posteriormente, o ensaio explora as influências do capitalismo dependente no sistema penal, com base em dados estatísticos e autores da criminologia crítica, abolicionismo penal e minimalismo penal. Concluímos que a autocracia e sua política penal, com raízes na herança escravista, parecem operar incessantemente, transcendendo as fronteiras governamentais, alimentando a violência e as ilegalidades que ela mesma se propõe a reprimir e controlar. brasileiro carcerária superlotação alternativas Explorase Explora intelectuais Moura Fernandes Ianni Ribeiro Kowarick Brasil colonial país baseandose baseando Posteriormente crítica incessantemente governamentais controlar

ABSTRACT Objective: To review the pathological diagnosis of possible cases and/or hidden cases of malignant mesothelioma (MM) between 2000 and 2012 using the Hospital-Based Cancer Registry database in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Possible cases were retrieved by assessing the database. Inclusion criteria were being older than 30 years of age and having ICD-O-3 topography and morphology codes related to MM. A board of expert pathologists reviewed the pathology reports and requested paraffin blocks in cases that demanded revision. After staining with calretinin, D2-40, WT-1 (as positive MM markers) and Ber-EP4 and MOC31 (as negative MM markers), cases were divided and studied independently by a pair of pathologists to confirm or discard the diagnosis of MM. Results: Our sample comprised 482 cases from 25 hospitals, and 130 needed further histological revision. We received 73 paraffin blocks with adequate material. After board analysis, there were 9 cases with a definitive diagnosis of MM, improving the diagnostic rate in 12%. Two cases of previously diagnosed MM were discarded by review. Conclusions: Our results confirm that part of MM underdiagnosis and underreporting in Brazil is due to incomplete or mistaken pathological diagnosis. Objective andor (MM 200 201 HospitalBased Hospital Based Paulo Methods 3 ICDO3 ICDO ICD O ICD-O- revision calretinin D240, D240 D D2 40, 40 D2-40 WT1 WT 1 WT- as markers BerEP4 BerEP Ber EP4 EP Ber-EP MOC MOC3 markers, , Results 48 2 hospitals 13 7 material analysis 12 12% Conclusions 20 ICD-O D24 4 D2-4 D2-

Abstract Since the inception of COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a challenging race for the development of precise diagnostic tests. Specific SARS-CoV-2 serological assays are the main tools used to estimate the rate of past infections or herd immunity in epidemiological studies, in addition to being helpful in guiding public health management policies. In this study, an in-house ELISA based on the construct of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) proteins, named rCoV2, rCoV4, and rCoV7, showed diagnostic performance for the detection of IgG antibodies. Sensitivity was evaluated in serum samples from patients with mild to moderate or severe COVID-19 infections, which were collected at different time points, while specificity was evaluated using pre-pandemic sera. In samples from mild to moderate cases obtained ≥16 days after the onset of symptoms, the sensitivities for rCoV2, rCoV4, and rCoV7 were 66.7%, 75%, and 77.8%, respectively. For samples from severe cases, the sensitivity was above 80% for all constructs. All proteins showed high specificity (94-98%). Overall, rCoV7 (C-terminus N-protein portion) showed better diagnostic performance, with 62.3% sensitivity in moderate and severe cases and 96.6% specificity. The SARS-CoV-2 ELISA using N-protein-based constructs could be a promisor tool for investigate the epidemiology of COVID-19 and monitor population-level serosurveillance. COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 pandemic tests SARSCoV2 SARSCoV SARS CoV 2 SARS-CoV- studies policies study inhouse house N (N rCoV2 rCoV rCoV4 antibodies points prepandemic pre sera 16 ≥1 symptoms 667 66 7 66.7% 75 75% 778 77 8 77.8% respectively 80 9498%. 9498 94 98% . 98 (94-98%) Overall Cterminus C terminus Nprotein protein portion 623 62 3 62.3 966 96 6 96.6 Nproteinbased populationlevel population level serosurveillance COVID1 1 COVID- SARS-CoV ≥ 66.7 77.8 9498% 949 9 (94-98% 62. 96. 66. 77. (94-98 (94-9 (94- (94 (9 (

ABSTRACT The post-planting growth of eucalyptus requires proper fertilization to provide nutrients in adequate amounts for the seedlings. This study aimed to determine the contribution of organomineral fertilizers and soil remineralizers to the initial growth of mycorrhized Eucalyptus grandis. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Federal University of Santa Maria, Frederico Westphalen campus. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial arrangement (2x6), combined or not with inoculation of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus microcarpus and six fertilizers (mineral fertilizer, mineral fertilizer with remineralizer, organomineral fertilizer, with two levels of phosphorus content — high and low), with five repetitions. After ninety days of cultivation, the height, stem diameter, number of leaves, dry mass of aerial parts, root dry mass, total dry mass, root volume, height/stem diameter ratio, Dickson Quality Index, relative growth efficiency index, and mycorrhizal colonization were evaluated. The results were submitted to analysis of variance and the means compared using Tukey’s test. The results showed that the organomineral fertilizer increased the morphological parameters and quality of Eucalyptus grandis, with the seedlings achieving greater mycorrhizal colonization in treatments with the remineralizer or organic fertilizer in the composition with the mineral fertilizer. postplanting post planting grandis Maria campus 2x6, 2x6 x , (2x6) low, low low) repetitions cultivation height leaves parts volume heightstem ratio Index index evaluated Tukeys Tukey s test 2x (2x6 (2x

RESUMO O crescimento pós-plantio do eucalipto requer correta adubação, a fim de disponibilizar nutrientes em quantidade adequada para as mudas. O trabalho objetivou determinar a contribuição de fertilizantes organomineral e de remineralizadores do solo no crescimento inicial de Eucalyptus grandis micorrizado. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, campus de Frederico Westphalen. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado em arranjo fatorial (2x6), combinado ou não com inoculação do fungo ectomicorrízico Pisolithus microcarpus e seis fertilizantes (fertilizante mineral, fertilizante mineral com remineralizador, fertilizante organomineral, com dois níveis de fósforo – com alto e baixo teor de fósforo), com cinco repetições. Decorridos noventa dias de cultivo, foi avaliada a altura, diâmetro de colo, número de folhas, massa seca da parte aérea, massa seca da raiz, massa seca total, volume radicular, relação altura/diâmetro de colo, Índice de Qualidade de Dickson, índice de eficiência relativa no crescimento e colonização micorrízica. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey. O fertilizante organomineral possibilita incremento nos parâmetros morfológicos e qualidade do Eucalyptus grandis, as mudas obtiveram maior colonização micorrízica nos tratamentos com adição de remineralizador ou fertilizante orgânico na composição com o fertilizante mineral. pósplantio pós plantio adubação micorrizado Maria Westphalen 2x6, 2x6 x , (2x6) fósforo, fósforo) repetições cultivo altura colo folhas aérea raiz total radicular alturadiâmetro Dickson Tukey 2x (2x6 (2x

Background Few studies compared populations with similar genetic and culture background on different continents with standardized methods. Objective To describe methodological issues of the Study of Health in Pomerode - SHIP-Brazil and some characteristics of the participants of the baseline examination. Design and Setting Prospective, population-based cohort study of a representative sample of residents (aged 20 to 79 years) of Pomerode, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Methods Data for the baseline survey (from 2014 to 2018) were collected through interviews and medical examinations, including socio-demographic and lifestyle information, clinical and subclinical conditions, oral and mental health, among others. Biosamples (blood, urine, stool, and saliva) were collected and stored. Methods of data collection and quality control are described. Preliminary descriptive statistics were performed. Results The response rate was 67.6% (n=2,488 individuals). The Kappa test-retest of some variables varied from 0.54 to 1.0. German culture participants are older (46.5 vs 38.7 years), self-declared white (97.3% vs 82.1%), more frequently never smokers (71.4% vs 66.9%) but had higher risk of consuming alcohol (16.9% vs 13.4%) compared to participants with non-German background. Germans were taller (169 cm vs 166 cm), had greater abdominal circumference among men (101.9 cm vs 97.3 cm). Furthermore, they reported more multimorbidity (56.7% vs 43.6%) , had more arterial hypertension (30.7% vs 18.5%), but less depression (15.4% vs 19,1%) than non-Germans. Conclusions The interaction of genetic and social/environmental issues should be examined to understand the role of risk factors on clinical conditions observed.

Introdução Poucos estudos compararam populações com histórico genético e cultural semelhante em diferentes continentes com métodos padronizados. Objetivos Descrever questões metodológicas do estudo de “Vida e Saúde em Pomerode - SHIP-Brazil” e algumas características dos participantes do exame inicial do estudo. Desenho de estudo e local Estudo de coorte prospectivo de base populacional em amostra representativa de moradores (20 a 79 anos) de Pomerode, Santa Catarina. Métodos As informações para a linha de base (de 2014 a 2018) foram coletadas por meio de entrevistas e exames médicos, incluindo dados sociodemográficos, de estilo de vida, condições clínicas e subclínicas, saúde bucal e mental, entre outros. Amostras biológicas (sangue, urina, fezes e saliva) foram coletadas e armazenadas. A coleta de dados e o controle de qualidade foram descritos. Foram realizadas análises descritivas preliminares. Resultados A taxa de resposta foi de 67,6% (n=2.488 indivíduos). O Kappa teste-reteste de algumas variáveis variou&nbsp; de 0,54 a 1,0. Os participantes de cultura alemã são mais velhos (46,5 vs 38,7 anos ), autodeclarados brancos (97,3% vs 82,1%), com menor número de fumantes (71,4% vs 66,9%), mas tiveram maior risco de consumir álcool (16,9% vs 13,4%), eram mais altos (169 cm vs 166 cm), tinham maior circunferência abdominal entre os homens (101,9 cm vs 97,3 cm) em comparação com participantes “não-alemães”. Pessoas de cultura alemã relataram mais multimorbidade (56,7% vs 43,6%), apresentavam mais hipertensão arterial (30,7% vs 18,5%), mas menos depressão (15,4% vs 19,1%). Conclusões A interação genética e social/ambiental devem ser examinadas para melhor entender o papel desses fatores de risco nas condições clínicas observadas.

ABSTRACT Late sowings anticipate flowering and decrease the soybean vegetative plasticity. These changes may limit the ability of plants to tolerate leaf area losses. The objective of this research was to evaluate the sowing date effect on soybean tolerance to defoliation at the beginning of pod formation. The experiment was set in Lages (Santa Catarina State, Brazil) during the 2016/2017 growing season. Two sowing dates were tested: November 2, 2016 (preferential) and December 15, 2016 (late). Five levels of defoliation (0%, 17%, 33%, 50% and 67%) of cultivar NA 5909 RG were imposed at the R3 growth stage. Grain yield showed a quadratic response to defoliation, ranging from 4,313 to 6,478 kg ha-1 in the preferential sowing date and from 3,374 to 4,443 kg ha-1 in the late sowing date. The plants tolerated up to 45.6% of defoliation in early sowing and 55.8% in late sowing, without yield losses, in comparison to the control. The highest level of defoliation reduced grain yield by 26.9% and 13.4% in early and late sowings, respectively, compared to the control. The delay of sowing date did not increase the sensitivity of cultivar NA 5909 RG to defoliation at the beginning of pod formation. plasticity losses formation Santa State Brazil 20162017 2017 2016/201 season tested 2 201 (preferential 15 late. . (late) 0%, 0 (0% 17 17% 33 33% 50 67% 67 590 R stage 4313 4 313 4,31 6478 6 478 6,47 ha1 ha 1 ha- 3374 3 374 3,37 4443 443 4,44 456 45 45.6 558 55 8 55.8 control 269 26 9 26.9 134 13 13.4 respectively 2016201 2016/20 20 (late 0% (0 5 59 431 31 4,3 647 47 6,4 337 37 3,3 444 44 4,4 45. 55. 26. 13. 201620 2016/2 ( 43 4, 64 6, 3, 20162 2016/

Abstract Although widely used in medicine, separation technology, and other fields, the effects of cyclodextrins on the activities of phosphoryl transfer enzymes have not been previously evaluated. In vivo studies evaluated the function of cyclodextrins as active compounds. Despite the use of cyclodextrins as active compounds, the effects of cyclodextrins on hepatic and renal tissues remain to be fully elucidated. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of β- cyclodextrins, methyl-β-cyclodextrin (M-β- cyclodextrins), and (2-hydroxypropyl)-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-cyclodextrins) on enzyme activities regulating the maintenance of energy homeostasis in the kidney and liver tissues in relation to toxicity. Serum levels of liver and kidney markers were measured, and oxidative stress parameters were assessed. After 60-day treatments, we observed that the administration of β-cyclodextrins and M-β-cyclodextrins inhibited the hepatic activity of pyruvate kinase, an irreversible enzyme within the glycolytic pathway. Additionally, administration of HP-β-cyclodextrins inhibited creatine kinase activity and increased the total sulfhydryl content in kidneys. Here, we demonstrated for the first time that β-cyclodextrins, M-β-cyclodextrins, and HP-β-cyclodextrins cause bioenergetic dysfunction in renal and hepatic tissues. These findings suggest that understanding the balance between cyclodextrins’ efficacy and adverse effects is essential for better accepting their use in medicine. medicine technology fields compounds elucidated β methylβcyclodextrin methyl cyclodextrin Mβ M (M-β , cyclodextrins) 2hydroxypropylβcyclodextrin hydroxypropylβcyclodextrin 2 hydroxypropyl HPβcyclodextrins HP (HP-β-cyclodextrins toxicity measured assessed 60day day 60 treatments βcyclodextrins Mβcyclodextrins pathway Additionally kidneys Here βcyclodextrins, Mβcyclodextrins, 6

Abstract Background Data on post-acute COVID-19 in autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD) are scarce, focusing on a single disease, with variable definitions of this condition and time of vaccination. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and pattern of post-acute COVID-19 in vaccinated patients with ARD using established diagnosis criteria. Methods Retrospective evaluation of a prospective cohort of 108 ARD patients and 32 non-ARD controls, diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection (RT-PCR/antigen test) after the third dose of the CoronaVac vaccine. Post-acute COVID-19 (≥ 4 weeks and > 12 weeks of SARS-CoV-2 symptoms) were registered according to the established international criteria. Results ARD patients and non-ARD controls, balanced for age and sex, had high and comparable frequencies of ≥ 4 weeks post-acute COVID-19 (58.3% vs. 53.1%, p = 0.6854) and > 12 weeks post-acute COVID-19 (39.8% vs. 46.9%, p = 0.5419). Regarding ≥ 4 weeks post-acute COVID-19, frequencies of ≥ 3 symptoms were similar in ARD and non-ARD controls (54% vs. 41.2%, p = 0.7886), and this was also similar in > 12 weeks post-acute COVID-19 (68.3% vs. 88.2%, p = 0.1322). Further analysis of the risk factors for ≥ 4 weeks post-acute COVID-19 in ARD patients revealed that age, sex, clinical severity of COVID-19, reinfection, and autoimmune diseases were not associated with this condition (p > 0.05). The clinical manifestations of post-acute COVID-19 were similar in both groups (p > 0.05), with fatigue and memory loss being the most frequent manifestations. Conclusion We provide novel data demonstrating that immune/inflammatory ARD disturbances after third dose vaccination do not seem to be a major determinant of post-acute COVID-19 since its pattern is very similar to that of the general population. Clinical Trials platform (NCT04754698). postacute post acute COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 (ARD scarce disease criteria 10 nonARD non SARSCoV2 SARSCoV SARS CoV 2 SARS-CoV- RTPCR/antigen RTPCRantigen RT PCR/antigen PCR antigen test vaccine Postacute Post ( 1 sex 58.3% 583 58 (58.3 vs 531 53 53.1% 0.6854 06854 0 6854 39.8% 398 39 8 (39.8 469 46 9 46.9% 0.5419. 05419 0.5419 . 5419 0.5419) COVID19, 19, 54% 54 (54 412 41 41.2% 0.7886, 07886 0.7886 , 7886 0.7886) 68.3% 683 68 (68.3 882 88 88.2% 0.1322. 01322 0.1322 1322 0.1322) reinfection 0.05. 005 0.05 05 0.05) 0.05, immuneinflammatory immune inflammatory population NCT04754698. NCT04754698 NCT (NCT04754698) COVID1 COVID- SARS-CoV RTPCR PCRantigen 58.3 5 (58. 53.1 0.685 0685 685 39.8 (39. 46.9 0541 0.541 541 (5 41.2 0788 0.788 788 68.3 6 (68. 88.2 0132 0.132 132 00 0.0 NCT0475469 (NCT04754698 58. (58 53. 0.68 068 39. (39 46. 054 0.54 41. 078 0.78 78 68. (68 88. 013 0.13 13 0. NCT047546 (NCT0475469 0.6 06 (3 0.5 07 0.7 7 (6 01 0.1 NCT04754 (NCT047546 NCT0475 (NCT04754 NCT047 (NCT0475 NCT04 (NCT047 NCT0 (NCT04 (NCT0 (NCT

ABSTRACT. The selection of superior sweet potato genotypes using Bayesian inference is an important strategy for genetic improvement. Sweet potatoes are of social and economic importance, being the material for ethanol production. The estimation of variance components and genetic parameters using Bayesian inference is more accurate than that using the frequently used statistical methodologies. This is because the former allows for using a priori knowledge from previous research. Therefore, the present study estimated genetic parameters and selection gains, predicted genetic values, and selected sweet potato genotypes using a Bayesian approach with a priori information. Root shape, soil insect resistance, and root and shoot productivity of 24 sweet potato genotypes were measured. Heritability, genotypic variation coefficient, residual variation coefficient, relative variation index, and selection gains direct, indirect and simultaneous were estimated, and the data were analyzed using Bayesian inference. Data from 11 experiments were used to obtain a priori information. Bayesian inference was a useful tool for decision-making, and significant genetic gains could be achieved with the selection of the evaluated genotypes. Root shape, soil insect resistance, commercial root productivity, and total root productivity showed higher heritability values. Clones UFVJM06, UFVJM40, UFVJM54, UFVJM09, and CAMBRAIA can be used as parents in future breeding programs.

ABSTRACT Soybean tolerance to defoliation may be affected by population density, as the plant population interferes with the crop leaf area index . This study aimed to evaluate the effect of defoliation at the beginning of pod formation on the agronomic performance of soybean at different plant densities. The experiment was conducted under field conditions in Campos Novos, SC, Brazil, during 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 growing season. The experimental design was a randomized block in a split-plot arrangement. The main plot consisted of three densities (100,000, 300,000, and 500,000 plants ha−1), whereas the subplots consisted of the cultivar NA 5909 RG submitted to five defoliation levels (0, 16.6, 33.3, 50, and 66.6%). Grain yield ranged from 4,219 to 5,356 kg ha−1 in the 2016/2017 growing season and 3,732 to 5,186 kg ha−1 in the 2017/2018 growing season. Plant density did not interfere with the grain yield response to defoliation performed at the beginning of pod formation. The 16.6% defoliation increase grain yield by 7.5 and 5.6% relative to the control in 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 growing seasons, respectively. The soybean tolerate defoliation of up to 33.3% at R3 with no significant decrease in grain yield, regardless of the plant density.

Resumo Objetivo Descrever os efeitos do contraceptivo oral combinado (COC) no sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterona (SRAA). Fontes dos dadosTrata-se de uma revisão sistemática de acordo com os critérios do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), registrada no PROSPERO sob ID: CRD42020200019. As buscas foram realizadas entre agosto de 2020 e dezembro de 2021 nas bases de dados: Medline via Pubmed, Biblioteca Cochrane Central, Scientific Electronic Library Online, e Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde via Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Consultado os artigos sobre os efeitos do contraceptivo oral combinado nos valores da atividade da renina plasmática, valores plasmáticos da renina, valores do angiotensinogênio – também conhecido como substrato da renina plasmática –, valores da angiotensina e/ou aldosterona. Seleção dos estudosForam selecionados 877 estudos e, destes, 10 artigos preencheram os critérios de elegibilidade e foram incluídos nesta revisão. Coleta de dadosOs dados foram combinados por meio de síntese qualitativa e inclusos em uma planilha elaborada previamente pelos autores. Síntese dos dadosAs amostras coletadas variavam entre 18 e 137 participantes, totalizando 501 mulheres com idade entre 18 e 49 anos em todos os estudos. Os estudos apresentaram aumento da atividade da renina plasmática, do substrato da renina plasmática, da angiotensina II e da aldosterona nessa população. Conclusão Os achados deste estudo sugerem que o COC promove maior ativação do SRAA. Apoiando a ideia de que o seu uso esteja relacionado ao aumento do risco de eventos cardiovasculares, incluindo a hipertensão arterial sistêmica.

Abstract Objective To describe the effects of combined oral contraceptives (COC) on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Data sourcesThis is a systematic review according to the criteria of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), registered in PROSPERO under the ID: CRD42020200019. Searches were performed between August 2020 and December 2021, in the following databases: Medline via Pubmed, Cochrane Central Library, Scientific Electronic Library Online, and Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences via Virtual Health Library. The effects of the combined oral contraceptive on plasma renin activity values, plasma renin values, angiotensinogen values— also known as plasma renin substrate— angiotensin, and/or aldosterone values. Study selectionA total of 877 studies were selected and, of these, 10 articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in this review. Data collectionData were combined through qualitative synthesis and included in a spreadsheet previously prepared by the authors. Data synthesisThe collected samples ranged from 18 to 137 participants, totaling 501 women aged between 18 and 49 years throughout all studies. The studies showed increased activity of plasma renin, plasma renin substrate, angiotensin II, and aldosterone in this population. Conclusion The findings of this study suggest that the COC promotes greater activation of the RAAS. Supporting the idea that its use is related to an increased risk of cardiovascular events, including systemic arterial hypertension.

RESUMO Objetivos: Há diversas terapias sendo utilizadas ou propostas para a COVID-19, muitas carecendo de apropriada avaliação de efetividade e segurança. O propósito deste documento é elaborar recomendações para subsidiar decisões sobre o tratamento farmacológico de pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19 no Brasil. Métodos: Um grupo de 27 membros, formado por especialistas, representantes do Ministério da Saúde e metodologistas, integra essa diretriz. Foi utilizado o método de elaboração de diretrizes rápidas, tomando por base a adoção e/ou a adaptação de recomendações a partir de diretrizes internacionais existentes (GRADE ADOLOPMENT), apoiadas pela plataforma e-COVID-19 RecMap. A qualidade das evidências e a elaboração das recomendações seguiram o método GRADE. Resultados: Foram geradas 16 recomendações. Entre elas, estão recomendações fortes para o uso de corticosteroides em pacientes em uso de oxigênio suplementar, para o uso de anticoagulantes em doses de profilaxia para tromboembolismo e para não uso de antibacterianos nos pacientes sem suspeita de infecção bacteriana. Não foi possível fazer uma recomendação quanto à utilização do tocilizumabe em pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19 em uso de oxigênio, pelas incertezas na disponibilidade e de acesso ao medicamento. Foi feita recomendação para não usar azitromicina, casirivimabe + imdevimabe, cloroquina, colchicina, hidroxicloroquina, ivermectina, lopinavir/ ritonavir, plasma convalescente e rendesivir. Conclusão: Até o momento, poucas terapias se provaram efetivas no tratamento do paciente hospitalizado com COVID-19, sendo recomendados apenas corticosteroides e profilaxia para tromboembolismo. Diversos medicamentos foram considerados ineficazes, devendo ser descartados, de forma a oferecer o melhor tratamento pelos princípios da medicina baseada em evidências e promover economia de recursos não eficazes.

ABSTRACT Objective: Several therapies are being used or proposed for COVID-19, and many lack appropriate evaluations of their effectiveness and safety. The purpose of this document is to develop recommendations to support decisions regarding the pharmacological treatment of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Brazil. Methods: A group of 27 experts, including representatives of the Ministry of Health and methodologists, created this guideline. The method used for the rapid development of guidelines was based on the adoption and/or adaptation of existing international guidelines (GRADE ADOLOPMENT) and supported by the e-COVID-19 RecMap platform. The quality of the evidence and the preparation of the recommendations followed the GRADE method. Results: Sixteen recommendations were generated. They include strong recommendations for the use of corticosteroids in patients using supplemental oxygen, the use of anticoagulants at prophylactic doses to prevent thromboembolism and the nonuse of antibiotics in patients without suspected bacterial infection. It was not possible to make a recommendation regarding the use of tocilizumab in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 using oxygen due to uncertainties regarding the availability of and access to the drug. Strong recommendations against the use of hydroxychloroquine, convalescent plasma, colchicine, lopinavir + ritonavir and antibiotics in patients without suspected bacterial infection and also conditional recommendations against the use of casirivimab + imdevimab, ivermectin and rendesivir were made. Conclusion: To date, few therapies have proven effective in the treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19, and only corticosteroids and prophylaxis for thromboembolism are recommended. Several drugs were considered ineffective and should not be used to provide the best treatment according to the principles of evidence-based medicine and promote economical resource use.

ABSTRACT. Water deficiency reduces leaf expansion and photosynthetic efficiency, potentially reducing the ability to withstand leaf area (LA) loss. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of water restriction on soybean tolerance to defoliation in the vegetative and reproductive periods of development. Two experiments were conducted in a greenhouse located in Lages, Santa Catarina State Brazil, during the 2017/2018 growing season. Cultivar NA 5909 RG was subjected to three WR levels (none, moderate, and severe) and five defoliation levels (0, 17, 33, 50, and 67%). Defoliation occurred at the V6 stage in the first experiment and R3 in the second. WR occurred for 7 days after defoliation. LA at R2 and R5 after defoliation at V6 and R3 decreased by 27.5 and 64.6%, respectively, regardless of WR. LA between V6 and R2 was not influenced by WR or defoliation. Moderate or severe WR reduced plant ability to recover LA between R3 and R5. Severe WR decreased grain production by 22.2% in the vegetative period and 21.2% per plant in the reproductive period compared to that of the control, regardless of defoliation. The highest defoliation level reduced grain production per plant by 24.7 and 24.3% relative to the control at stages V6 and R3, respectively, regardless of WR. WR imposed at the vegetative and reproductive stages did not increase defoliation sensitivity.