Nosso objetivo foi revisar aspectos psicológicos e sociais na esclerose lateral amiotrófica (ELA), doença neurodegenerativa do sistema motor com sobrevida média de 36 meses. Realizamos pesquisa bibliográfica em bases de dados PubMed - MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrival System Online), Lilacs (Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde) e The Cochrane Library, com descritores: a) Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Psychology , b) Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Social. Dois dos autores analisaram os estudos independentemente e concordaram com a seleção final. Nos 56 artigos selecionados, foram identificados 14 temas: más notícias - o momento do diagnóstico e a vida com ELA, relação paciente - equipe multiprofissional de saúde, qualidade de vida, personalidade pré-mórbida, depressão, esperança, mecanismos de defesa, sexualidade, labilidade emocional, final de vida, cuidadores, síndrome burnout e comunidade PatientsLikeMe - ALS. Alterações psicológicas e sociais relevantes ocorrem em pacientes com ELA, seus cuidadores / familiares e equipe multiprofissional.
Our objective was to review the psychological and social aspects in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a neurodegenerative motor disease with a median survival of 36 months. We performed a literature search in PubMed - MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrival System Online), Lilacs (Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences) and The Cochrane Library, with the descriptors: a) Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Psychology, b) Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Social. Two of the authors independently analyzed the studies and agreed to the final selection. In the 56 articles selected, we identified 14 themes: bad news - the moment of diagnosis and the life with ALS, patient - multi-professional team relationship, quality of life, premorbid personality, depression, hope, defense mechanisms, sexuality, emotional lability, end of life, caregivers, burnout syndrome and PatientsLikeMecommunity - ALS. Relevant social and psychological changes occur in patients with ALS, as well as in caregivers / family members and multidisciplinary team.