Abstract Studies and innovations on alternative feed additives, especially on homeopathic remedies have been highlighted in order to replace or reduce the use of antibiotics in pig production. This paper aimed to assess the addition of homeopathic products in pig diet and their effects on the growth performance, serum metabolites, nutrient and energy digestibility, carcass traits and meat quality. A total of 60 immunocastrated male pigs, weighing on average 30.91 ± 0.95 kg, were distributed in two treatments, 10 replicates and three animals/experimental unit. There was no effect (P≥0.05) of treatment on the growth performance and serum metabolites. The percentage of acid-insoluble ash recovered in the diet was greater (P≤0.01) in diets containing homeopathic products. The apparent digestible energy of diets containing homeopathic products was reduced (P≤0.01) in the growing phase and reduced (P≤0.01) the apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter, crude protein, soluble neutral and acid detergent fibers, and gross energy in the growing and finishing phases. Pig that received diets with homeopathic products had higher (P≤0.05) amount of meat, percentage of meat and marbling. The use of homeopathic products in diets improves the percentage and quality of meat, as well as the marbling of the pig carcass, maintaining the performance. additives production metabolites 6 pigs 3091 30 91 30.9 095 0 95 0.9 kg treatments 1 animalsexperimental animals experimental unit P≥0.05 P005 P 05 (P≥0.05 acidinsoluble insoluble P≤0.01 P001 01 (P≤0.01 matter protein fibers phases P≤0.05 (P≤0.05 309 3 9 30. 09 0. P≥0.0 P00 (P≥0.0 P≤0.0 (P≤0.0 P≥0. P0 (P≥0. P≤0. (P≤0. P≥0 (P≥0 P≤0 (P≤0 P≥ (P≥ P≤ (P≤ (P

ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of powder cinnamon in the diet of Japanese quails, regarding their performance and egg quality. A total of 360 quails, 18 weeks old, were distributed in a completely randomized design with five treatments and six replicates of 12 animals. The experimental period lasted 84 days. The treatments were the inclusion of 0; 3.0; 6.0; 9.0 and 12.0 g kg-1 of cinnamon powder in the diet. The performance and quality of eggs produced were evaluated. A sensorial analysis of the eggs was carried out to evaluate the color of the egg yolk, the taste of the egg and the purchase intention. There was no significant effect on the performance and egg quality variables, except for the specific gravity and color of the yolk, which increased linearly. The evaluators presented a higher intention to purchase eggs from the treatment with 6g kg-1 of cinnamon addition in the diet. We concluded that the inclusion of 12.0 g kg-1 of cinnamon powder in the diet for laying quail does not affect the performance and the taste of the eggs, nevertheless, this level of inclusion provides an improvement in the specific gravity and color of the yolk.

Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación fue verificar los efectos del tipo de maternidad sobre el comportamiento de cerdas lactantes, las cuales estuvieron alojadas en jaulas por 28 días durante el invierno, se evaluaron 27 matrices distribuidas en un delineamiento completamente al azar con tres tratamientos (maternidad convencional con resguardos para estar abrigados, maternidad convencional con resguardos para estar abrigados con calentamiento del piso para lechones y maternidad alternativa con acceso a potreros) y nueve repeticiones. Las cerdas fueron filmadas a los 7, 14, 21 y 27 días por 24 horas. Las cerdas mantenidas en jaulas de maternidad con acceso a potreros permanecieron por más tiempo en el comedero, con mayor frecuencia y gastaron más tiempo en el bebedero en relación a las cerdas confinadas en jaulas de maternidad convencional. Las cerdas mantenidas en las jaulas de maternidad convencional permanecieron más tiempo en otras posiciones que las matrices mantenidas en la maternidad con acceso a los potreros. Las cerdas sometidas a las jaulas de maternidad alternativa presentaron mejores parámetros fisiológicos que las cerdas evaluadas en jaulas de maternidad convencional. Se concluye que las jaulas de maternidad alternativa con acceso a potreros y calentamiento del piso para lechones proporcionan mejores condiciones de bienestar cuando son comparadas con las jaulas de maternidad convencional, tanto para las cerdas como para los lechones

Abstract Aiming to evaluate the effects of different housing systems on the behavior of lactating sows during the winter, 27 sows were used in a 28 days trial. The design used was completely randomized, with three treatments (Conventional housing system with piglet; Conventional housing with piglet and with floor heating for piglets, and an alternative housing system with access to an open area) and nine replicates. Each sow had a 24 hours period of recording at days 7, 14, 21 and 27 to evaluate their behavior. Sows kept in the alternative system spent more time at the feeder and drinking water when compared to sows kept in the conventional housing system. Sows kept in conventional housing spent more time in other activities than eating and drinking when compared to the sows in the alternative system. Also, sows in the alternative housing system had better physiological parameters than those of conventional systems. In conclusion, the alternative house system and the conventional one with floor heating for piglets provide increased welfare for sows and for piglets when compared to conventional housing system

Resumo Objetivando-se verificar os efeitos do tipo de maternidade sobre o comportamento de porcas lactantes, alojadas por 28 dias no inverno, foram usadas 27 matrizes distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com três tratamentos (maternidade convencional com abrigo escamoteador; maternidade convencional com abrigo escamoteador e aquecimento do piso para leitões e maternidade alternativa com acesso a piquetes) e nove repetições. As porcas foram filmadas aos 7, 14, 21 e 27 dias por 24 horas. As porcas mantidas em maternidade com acesso a piquetes permaneceram por mais tempo no comedouro e frequentaram e despenderam mais tempo no bebedouro em relação às matrizes mantidas na maternidade convencional. As matrizes mantidas nas maternidades convencionais permaneceram mais tempo em outras posições do que as matrizes mantidas na maternidade com acesso a piquetes. As porcas submetidas à maternidade alternativa apresentaram melhores parâmetros fisiológicos que as da maternidade convencional. Conclui-se que maternidades alternativas com acesso a piquetes e o aquecimento do piso para leitões proporcionam melhores condições de bem-estar, tanto para porcas como para leitões, quando comparadas a maternidades convencionais

Visando-se determinar se o plasma sangüíneo tem efeitos sobre o crescimento, o desenvolvimento bacteriano e a estrutura intestinal de leitões desmamados aos 28 dias de idade consumindo quantidades iguais de dietas, 24 leitões desmamados aos 28 dias de idade foram utilizados em um experimento com delineamento em blocos ao acaso com quatro tratamentos (dietas com 0,0; 2,5; 5,0 e 7,5% de plasma sangüíneo), seis repetições e um animal por unidade experimental. Foram constatadas diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos em relação aos ganhos de peso, às conversões alimentares e às quantidades de colônias de E. coli. Os animais que consumiram as dietas com plasma sangüíneo apresentaram maiores ganhos de peso, melhores conversões alimentares e menores quantidades de E. coli no intestino delgado do que os animais que receberam dietas sem plasma. Não se observou efeitos significativos das quantidades de plasma sangüíneo consumido sobre a estrutura intestinal dos leitões doze dias após o desmame. Concluiu-se que a inclusão de plasma sangüíneo na proporção mínima de 2,5% aumenta ganho de peso, melhora conversão alimentar e reduz a incidência de colônias de E. coli no intestino de leitões desmamados aos 28 dias de idade criados em condições de desafio, mas não afeta a estrutura intestinal.

In order to evaluate the effects of spray-dried plasma on performance (weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion), growth, intestinal health (microflora colonization and intestinal wall morphology) of piglets fed equal amounts per day of feed, 24 piglets weaned at 28 days old were used in an experiment performed as a randomised block design with four treatments (diets with 0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5% inclusion of spray-dried plasma), six replicates and one animal per experimental unit. Significant differences were observed among treatments weight gain, feed conversion and numbers of E. coli colony forming-units (CFU). Pigletsfed diets with different levels of spray-dried plasma had higher weight gain, better feed conversion and lower amounts of E. coli CFU in the small intestine than animals fed diets without spray-dried plasma in the diets. No significant effect of the treatments on the intestinal wall morphology at day twelve after weaning was observed. In conclusion, the inclusion of 2.5% spray-dried plasma in the diets in creases weight gain, improves feed conversion and reduces the incidence of E. coli CFU in the small intestine of piglets weaned at 28 days of age reared under challenging conditions, however, no beneficial effect on the intestinal wall morphology was observed with the inclusion of spray dried plasma in the diets.

Com o objetivo de avaliar diferentes níveis de lisina digestível 35 suínos machos castrados com peso inicial de 95,6 ± 1,1kg e mantidos em salas bioclimáticas reguladas à 32ºC foram distribuídos em um experimento com delineamento inteiramente casualizado dentro de cinco níveis de lisina digestível (0,66; 0,78; 0,90; 1,02 e 1,14%) sete repetições e um animal por unidade experimental. O fornecimento de ração foi realizado duas vezes ao dia e restrito pelo menor consumo dentro de cada repetição. O peso final, o consumo de ração médio diário, a espessura de toucinho, a profundidade de músculo, a área de olho de lombo e o percentual de carne na carcaça não foram afetados pelos níveis de lisina digestível. Houve tendência quadrática sobre o ganho de peso (P=0,08), deste modo, a conversão alimentar apresentou efeito quadrático (P=0,05), os quais estimaram níveis de 0,99 e 0,98% de lisina digestível, correspondentes aos consumos estimados de 23,04 e 26,21g/dia de lisina digestível, respectivamente. Os níveis de lisina digestível também afetaram de forma quadrática o peso e o rendimento de carcaça; os quais foram estimados em 0,95% e em 0,86% de lisina digestível, respectivamente. Houve redução linear no peso relativo do intestino delgado. Conclui-se que o nível de lisina digestível para suínos machos castrados em fase de terminação e mantidos sob estresse por calor é de 0,98 %.

With the objective of evaluated different digestible lysine levels 35 castrated male pigs with initial weight of 95.6 ± 1.1kg and housed in bioclimatic rooms regulated at 32ºC were distributed in experimental design of randomized blocks into of five digestible lysine levels (0.66; 0.78; 0.90; 1.02 and 1.14%), seven replications and one pig per experimental unit. The supply of feed was realized twice per day and restricted by lesser feed intake within each repetition. The final body weight, average daily feed intake, backfat thickness, muscle depth rate, longissimus dorsi muscle area and carcass meat percentage were not affecteed by digestible lysine levels. There was quadratic trend on average weight gain (P=0.08) and this way, the feed conversion showed a quadratic effect (P=0.05), which estimated digestible lysine levels of 0.98 and 0.99%, corresponding at estimated intake of 23.04 and 26.21g/day of digestible lysine, respectively. The digestible lysine levels also showed quadratic effect on the weight and yield of carcass, which were estimated in 0.95 and 0.86% of digestible lysine, respectively. There was linear decrease in small intestine relative weight. The digestible lysine level for finishing phase barrows and housed under heat stress is 0.98%.

Objetivou-se avaliar a produção, a composição e o rendimento (na fabricação de queijos) do leite de ovelhas Santa Inês tratadas ou não com ocitocina. Os animais foram mantidos em regime de confinamento e receberam uma dieta com 12% de PB e 65% de NDT. As ovelhas foram distribuídas em dois tratamentos: ordenha manual com injeção endovenosa de três UI de ocitocina e ordenha manual sem injeção de ocitocina (grupo controle). Realizou-se uma ordenha diária, de modo que, até a desmama, as ovelhas permaneceram diariamente com os cordeiros durante 14 horas. Os cordeiros foram desmamados aos 60 dias e as ovelhas continuaram sendo ordenhadas uma vez ao dia até o final da lactação. Foram coletadas amostras de leite para análise dos teores de gordura, de sólidos totais e de sólidos desengordurados. A duração média da lactação foi de 225±27,24 e 210±38,77 dias para as ovelhas controle e tratadas com ocitocina, respetivamente. Até os 133 dias de lactação, o tratamento com ocitocina (141,63±51,52 kg) foi superior ao controle (89,39±16,65 kg), entretanto, durante todo o período de lactação, não diferiu (169,64 ± 71,05) do controle (119,72±32,73). As porcentagens de gordura (5,84±0,44 e 4,96±0,47), sólidos totais (17,40±0,42 e 16,18±0,57) e sólidos desengordurados (11,57±0,15 e 11,22±0,25) no leite foram influenciadas pela aplicação de ocitocina. Os resultados revelaram diferença significativa para as ovelhas tratadas com ocitocina, as quais apresentaram maior produtividade e, inclusive, melhor composição química do leite. A aplicação de ocitocina é recomendada para animais não adaptados à rotina de ordenha. O leite das ovelhas Santa Inês apresentou rendimentos de 4,80; 8,29 e 5,99 L/kg para os queijos tipo azeitão, pecorino e roquefort, respectivamente.

The objective of this trial was to investigate the effects of oxytocin on milk yield and composition and on cheese yield of Santa Inês sheep receiving a diet containing 12% CP and 65% TDN. Animals were maintained in pens and were assigned to one of the following two treatments: hand milking plus an intravenous injection of 3 IU of oxytocin or hand milking without oxytocin injection (control group). Ewes were milked daily and remained with their lambs for a daily period of 14 hours until weaning; lambs were weaned at 60 days of age and ewes still milked once a day until the end of lactation. Milk samples were collected for analysis of fat, total solids, and solids non-fat. Lactation length averaged 225±27.24 and 210±38.77 for control and oxytocin-treated ewes, respectively. Ewes receiving oxytocin yielded more milk (141.63±51.52 kg) than those on the control group (89.39±16.65 kg) until 133 days of lactation; however, total milk yield on the entire lactation did not differ significantly comparing oxyitocin-treated (169.64 ± 71.05) with control (119.72±32.73) animals. Milk contents of fat (5.84±0.44 and 4.96±0.47), total solids (17.40±0.42 and 16.18±0.57) and solids non-fat (11.57±0.15 and 11.22±0.25) differed between both groups of animals, respectively. Results showed improved milk yield and composition on oxytocin-injected ewes; therefore, it is recommended the use of oxytocin to facilitate milk ejection on ewes not adapted to the milking routine. Yields of cheese (L of milk/kg of cheese) averaged 4.80, 8.29 and 5.99 L/kg for azeitão, pecorino, and roquefort cheeses, respectively.