ABSTRACT Purpouse: One of the many artificial intelligence based tools that has gained popularity is the Chat-Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT). Due to its popularity, incorrect information provided by ChatGPT will have an impact on patient misinformation. Furthermore, it may cause misconduct as ChatGPT can mislead physicians on the decision-making pathway. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of ChatGPT answers regarding urological diagnoses. Materials and Methods: ChatGPT 3.5 version was used. The questions asked for the program involved Primary Megaureter (pMU), Enuresis and Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR). There were three queries for each topic. The queries were inserted twice, and both responses were recorded to examine the reproducibility of ChatGPT's answers. Afterwards, both answers were combined. Finally, those rwere evaluated qualitatively by a board of three specialists. A descriptive analysis was performed. Results and Conclusion: ChatGPT simulated general knowledge on the researched topics. Regarding Enuresis, the provided definition was partially correct, as the generic response allowed for misinterpretation. For VUR, the response was considered appropriate. For pMU it was partially correct, lacking essential aspects of its definition such as the diameter of the dilatation of the ureter. Unnecessary exams were suggested, for Enuresis and pMU. Regarding the treatment of the conditions mentioned, it specified treatments for Enuresis that are ineffective, such as bladder training. Therefore, ChatGPT responses present a combination of accurate information, but also incomplete, ambiguous and, occasionally, misleading details. Purpouse ChatGenerative Chat Generative PreTrained Pre Trained ChatGPT. . (ChatGPT) misinformation Furthermore decisionmaking decision making pathway Therefore diagnoses Methods 35 3 5 3. used pMU, , (pMU) VUR. VUR (VUR) topic twice ChatGPTs s Afterwards combined Finally specialists performed Conclusion topics correct misinterpretation appropriate ureter suggested mentioned ineffective training incomplete occasionally details (ChatGPT (pMU (VUR

ABSTRACT Objective: To review the pathological diagnosis of possible cases and/or hidden cases of malignant mesothelioma (MM) between 2000 and 2012 using the Hospital-Based Cancer Registry database in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Possible cases were retrieved by assessing the database. Inclusion criteria were being older than 30 years of age and having ICD-O-3 topography and morphology codes related to MM. A board of expert pathologists reviewed the pathology reports and requested paraffin blocks in cases that demanded revision. After staining with calretinin, D2-40, WT-1 (as positive MM markers) and Ber-EP4 and MOC31 (as negative MM markers), cases were divided and studied independently by a pair of pathologists to confirm or discard the diagnosis of MM. Results: Our sample comprised 482 cases from 25 hospitals, and 130 needed further histological revision. We received 73 paraffin blocks with adequate material. After board analysis, there were 9 cases with a definitive diagnosis of MM, improving the diagnostic rate in 12%. Two cases of previously diagnosed MM were discarded by review. Conclusions: Our results confirm that part of MM underdiagnosis and underreporting in Brazil is due to incomplete or mistaken pathological diagnosis. Objective andor (MM 200 201 HospitalBased Hospital Based Paulo Methods 3 ICDO3 ICDO ICD O ICD-O- revision calretinin D240, D240 D D2 40, 40 D2-40 WT1 WT 1 WT- as markers BerEP4 BerEP Ber EP4 EP Ber-EP MOC MOC3 markers, , Results 48 2 hospitals 13 7 material analysis 12 12% Conclusions 20 ICD-O D24 4 D2-4 D2-

Abstract Background: The optimal amount for initial fluid resuscitation is still controversial in sepsis and the contribution of non-resuscitation fluids in fluid balance is unclear. We aimed to investigate the main components of fluid intake and fluid balance in both survivors and non-survivor patients with septic shock within the first 72 hours. Methods: In this prospective observational study in two intensive care units, we recorded all fluids administered intravenously, orally, or enterally, and losses during specific time intervals from vasopressor initiation: T1 (up to 24 hours), T2 (24 to 48 hours) and T3 (48 to 72 hours). Logistic regression and a mathematical model assessed the association with mortality and the influence of severity of illness. Results: We included 139 patients. The main components of fluid intake varied across different time intervals, with resuscitation and non-resuscitation fluids such as antimicrobials and maintenance fluids being significant contributors in T1 and nutritional therapy in T2/T3. A positive fluid balance both in T1 and T2 was associated with mortality (p = 0.049; p = 0.003), while nutritional support in T2 was associated with lower mortality (p = 0.040). The association with mortality was not explained by severity of illness scores. Conclusions: Non-resuscitation fluids are major contributors to a positive fluid balance within the first 48 hours of resuscitation. A positive fluid balance in the first 24 and 48 hours seems to independently increase the risk of death, while higher amount of nutrition seems protective. This data might inform fluid stewardship strategies aiming to improve outcomes and minimize complications in sepsis. Background nonresuscitation non unclear nonsurvivor survivor 7 Methods units intravenously orally enterally initiation T up 2 hours, , (2 4 (4 . Results 13 T2T3 TT T2/T3 0.049 0049 0 049 0.003, 0003 0.003 003 0.003) 0.040. 0040 0.040 040 0.040) scores Conclusions Nonresuscitation Non death protective ( 1 T2T T2/T 0.04 004 04 000 0.00 00 0.0 0.

Resumo: As sementes de arroz possuem uma dormência a qual é entendida como uma resistência à germinação pré e pós-colheita. Assim, o presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar períodos e temperaturas na pré-secagem de sementes de arroz (cultivar IRGA 431 CL) para superação da dormência. Foi conduzido experimento em delineamento inteiramente casualizado no Laboratório Didático e de Pesquisa em Sementes, da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Foram utilizados três lotes da cultivar IRGA 431 CL. Para o presente estudo foram utilizadas as temperaturas de 35, 40, 45, 50 e 55 °C em estufa de circulação de ar forçado, para superar a dormência das sementes. Em cada temperatura as sementes permaneceram por um período de 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, 168 h. No experimento foi avaliada a primeira contagem, germinação, comprimento de raiz e de parte aérea de plântulas. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância e comparados por superfície resposta. Para superação de dormência de sementes da cultivar IRGA 431 CL em estufa de circulação de ar forçado é mais indicada a temperatura entre 41° e 44 °C por um período de 95 h. Resumo póscolheita. póscolheita pós colheita. colheita pós-colheita Assim présecagem secagem 43 Sementes Maria 35 40 45 5 C 24 48 72 96 120 144 16 h contagem plântulas resposta 41 4 9 3 2 7 12 14 1

Abstract: Rice seeds have a dormancy which is understood as resistance to pre- and post-harvest germination. Thus, the present study aims to evaluate periods and temperatures in the pre-drying of rice seeds (cultivar IRGA 431 CL) to overcome dormancy. An experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design at the Didactic and Seed Research Laboratory, at the Federal University of Santa Maria. Three lots of the cultivar IRGA 431 CL were used. For the present study, temperatures of 35, 40, 45, 50 and 55 °C in a forced-air circulation oven were used to overcome seed dormancy. At each temperature the seeds remained for periods of 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144 and 168 h. First count, germination, and seedling root and shoot lengths were evaluated in the experiment. The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance and compared by response surface. Temperature between 41 and 44 °C for a period of 95 h is more indicated to overcome dormancy in seeds of the IRGA 431 CL cultivar in a forced-air circulation oven. Abstract pre postharvest post harvest germination Thus predrying drying 43 Laboratory Maria 35 40 45 5 C forcedair forced air 24 48 72 96 120 14 16 count surface 4 9 3 2 7 12 1

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Although studies have examined the relationship between variables associated with active aging and quality of life (QoL), no studies have been identified to have investigated the effect of a structural model of active aging on QoL in a representative sample of older people in the community. OBJECTIVE: To measure the domains and facets of QoL in older people and identify the effect of the structural model of active aging on the self-assessment of QoL. DESIGN AND SETTING: This cross-sectional analytical study included 957 older people living in urban areas. Data were collected from households using validated instruments between March and June 2018. Descriptive, confirmatory factor, and structural equation modeling analyses were performed. RESULTS: Most older people self-rated their QoL as good (58.7%), and the highest mean scores were for the social relationships domain (70.12 ± 15.4) and the death and dying facet (75.43 ± 26.7). In contrast, the lowest mean scores were for the physical domains (64.41 ± 17.1) and social participation (67.20 ± 16.2) facets. It was found that active aging explained 50% of the variation in self-assessed QoL and directly and positively affected this outcome (λ = 0.70; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Active aging had a direct and positive effect on the self-assessment of QoL, indicating that the more individuals actively aged, the better the self-assessment of QoL. BACKGROUND , (QoL) community OBJECTIVE selfassessment self assessment SETTING crosssectional cross sectional 95 areas 2018 Descriptive factor performed RESULTS selfrated rated 58.7%, 587 58.7% 58 7 (58.7%) 70.12 7012 70 12 (70.1 15.4 154 15 4 75.43 7543 75 43 (75.4 26.7. 267 26.7 . 26 26.7) contrast 64.41 6441 64 41 (64.4 17.1 171 17 1 67.20 6720 67 20 (67.2 16.2 162 16 2 50 selfassessed assessed λ 0.70 070 0 0.001. 0001 0.001 001 0.001) CONCLUSION aged (QoL 9 201 58.7 5 (58.7% 70.1 701 (70. 15. 75.4 754 (75. 26. 64.4 644 6 (64. 17. 67.2 672 (67. 16. 0.7 07 000 0.00 00 58. (58.7 70. (70 75. (75 64. (64 67. (67 0. 0.0 (58. (7 (6 (58 ( (5

Abstract This paper presents an investigation on the structural condition of a cable-stayed footbridge based on data collected in two dynamic tests, performed at different times. The natural frequencies and mode shapes were obtained by applying output only modal identification methods. At least four experimental mode shapes of the footbridge and stay cables were identified in Operational Modal Analysis. A 3D finite element model of the footbridge was calibrated by adjusting its dynamic properties to the experimentally identified in the first test. The procedure showed, besides an approximation of the dynamic behavior, an approximation of its static behavior, which was confronted to the structural design. The analysis found a discrepancy between the required reinforcement based on the updated model stresses and the existing steel reinforcement. The second test, performed one year later, provided different natural frequency values to those found in the first test and the spectrum presented inconsistency in one of its peaks. It was concluded that the structure presents conditioning problems, thus warning to future structural problems. cablestayed cable stayed tests times methods Analysis D showed behavior design later peaks problems

Resumo A demanda global por leite e produtos lácteos está em ascensão, com o leite de vaca dominando a produção. No entanto, os produtos lácteos de cabra têm ganhado destaque devido ao seu valor nutricional e aos seus componentes bioativos. O leite de cabra, em particular, apresenta um preço atrativo, despertando um interesse crescente por parte de produtores e investidores. Produtos à base de leite de cabra, como iogurte, queijo e leite fermentado, estão disponíveis no mercado, e são preparados por meio de tecnologias avançadas de processamento. A qualidade excepcional, a composição nutricional e a adaptabilidade do leite de cabra o tornam uma escolha superior, contendo minerais e vitaminas essenciais. O mercado gourmet elevou o queijo de cabra a uma delícia culinária refinada. Portanto, o objetivo desta revisão sistemática foi resumir o estado da pesquisa bem-sucedida sobre a produção de queijo de leite de cabra de 2013 a 2023. A busca bibliográfica foi realizada em setembro de 2023, em bases de dados eletrônicas de revistas científicas, nomeadamente Google Scholar, Science Direct, PUBMED, SciELO e Web of Science. Vinte artigos foram incluídos para a discussão dos resultados que abordaram a pergunta de pesquisa, atendendo aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. O conteúdo apresentado oferece uma visão abrangente do processo de fabricação de queijo de leite de cabra, abrangendo estágios, como filtração, pasteurização, adição de culturas lácticas, coagulação (utilizando vários métodos, como enzimática, coalho, carvão ou enzimas), corte da coalhada, moldagem, salga e maturação. A inclusão de referências bibliográficas aprimora ainda mais a compreensão, destacando a evolução das práticas ao longo do tempo. Essas contribuições são essenciais para a melhoria da qualidade e da eficiência na produção de queijo de leite de cabra, oferecendo insights valiosos para pesquisadores, produtores e entusiastas da indústria. ascensão entanto bioativos particular atrativo investidores iogurte fermentado processamento excepcional superior refinada Portanto bemsucedida bem sucedida 201 2023 científicas Scholar Direct PUBMED exclusão estágios filtração pasteurização lácticas utilizando métodos enzimática coalho enzimas, enzimas , enzimas) coalhada moldagem maturação compreensão tempo pesquisadores indústria 20 202 2

Abstract The global demand for milk and dairy products is rising, with cow's milk dominating production. However, goat dairy products have gained attention due to their nutritional value and bioactive components. Goat milk, in particular, is priced attractively, leading to increased interest from producers and investors. Goat milk-based products like yogurt, cheese, and fermented milk are available in the market and prepared using advanced processing technologies. Goat milk's exceptional quality, nutritional composition, and adaptability make it a superior choice, containing essential minerals and vitamins. The gourmet market has elevated goat cheese to a refined culinary delight. Therefore, this systematic review aims to summarize the state of successful research on goat milk cheese production from 2013 to 2023. The bibliographic search was carried out in September 2023 in electronic databases of scientific journals, namely Google Scholar, Science Direct, PUBMED, SCIELO, and Web of Science. Twenty (20) articles were included to discuss results that addressed the research question, meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The content presented provides a comprehensive overview of the cheese manufacturing process, encompassing stages such as filtration, pasteurization, addition of lactic cultures, coagulation (using various methods such as enzymatic, rennet, charcoal, or enzymes), cutting the curd, molding, salting, and maturation. The inclusion of bibliographic references further enhances understanding, highlighting the evolution of practices over time. These contributions are essential for improving the quality and efficiency of goat milk cheese production, offering valuable insights for researchers, producers, and industry enthusiasts. rising cows cow s However components particular attractively investors milkbased based yogurt technologies milks composition choice vitamins delight Therefore 201 202 journals Scholar Direct PUBMED SCIELO 20 (20 question criteria process filtration pasteurization cultures enzymatic rennet charcoal enzymes, enzymes , enzymes) curd molding salting maturation understanding time researchers enthusiasts 2 (2 (

Objective: To investigate Brazilian psychiatrists’ knowledge of and perceived confidence in diagnosis and evidence-based treatment recommendations for eating disorders. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 259 psychiatrists filled out an online form including sociodemographic data and questions about the diagnosis and treatment of eating disorders based on standard guidelines. The sample’s knowledge level and perceived confidence regarding eating disorders were characterized using descriptive statistics. Results: The sample, which was predominantly women (65.64%), had a mean age of 42.86 years, was from southeastern Brazil (56.37%), worked predominantly in private practice (59.85%), and had less than 10 years of experience in psychiatry (51.74%). We found that 33.21% of the participants correctly identified the diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa, 29.73% for bulimia nervosa, and 38.22% for binge eating disorders. Correct answers for therapeutic options were similar for bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder (20.8%) but were considerably lower for anorexia nervosa (2.7%). The participants’ training about eating disorders occurred during medical school (15.1%), medical residency/graduate study (59.8%), or as continuing education (58.7%). Only 8.89% felt satisfied with their training about eating disorders, 50.97% felt confident diagnosing eating disorders, and 37.07% felt confident about treating patients with eating disorders. Conclusion: These results show an important knowledge gap about eating disorders among Brazilian psychiatrists, which affects their confidence and competence in treating patients with eating disorders. Objective evidencebased evidence Methods crosssectional cross sectional 25 guidelines samples sample s statistics Results 65.64%, 6564 65.64% , 65 64 (65.64%) 4286 42 86 42.8 56.37%, 5637 56.37% 56 37 (56.37%) 59.85%, 5985 59.85% 59 85 (59.85%) 1 51.74%. 5174 51.74% . 51 74 (51.74%) 3321 33 21 33.21 2973 29 73 29.73 3822 38 22 38.22 20.8% 208 20 8 (20.8% 2.7%. 27 2.7% 2 7 (2.7%) 15.1%, 151 15.1% 15 (15.1%) residencygraduate residency graduate 59.8%, 598 59.8% (59.8%) 58.7%. 587 58.7% 58 (58.7%) 889 89 8.89 5097 50 97 50.97 3707 07 37.07 Conclusion 656 65.64 6 (65.64% 428 4 42. 563 56.37 5 3 (56.37% 59.85 (59.85% 517 51.74 (51.74% 332 33.2 297 29.7 382 38.2 20.8 (20.8 2.7 (2.7% 15.1 (15.1% 59.8 (59.8% 58.7 (58.7% 88 8.8 509 9 50.9 370 0 37.0 65.6 (65.64 56.3 (56.37 (59.85 51.7 (51.74 33. 29. 38. 20. (20. 2. (2.7 15. (15.1 59. (59.8 58. (58.7 8. 50. 37. 65. (65.6 56. (56.3 51. (51.7 (20 (2. (15. (59. (58. (65. (56. (51. (2 (15 (59 (58 (65 (56 (51 ( (1 (5 (6

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as propriedades físico-químicas, citotoxicidade e bioatividade de um novo material biocerâmico pronto para uso, Bio-C Repair (Angelus), em comparação com MTA Branco (Angelus) e Biodentine (Septodont). Foram avaliadas as propriedades físico-químicas de tempo de presa, radiopacidade, pH, solubilidade, alterações dimensionais e volumétricas. A biocompatibilidade, bioatividade e capacidade de reparo foram avaliadas em culturas de células de osteoblastos Saos-2 pelo ensaio MTT brometo de 3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-il)-2,5-difeniltetrazólio), vermelho neutro (NR), vermelho de alizarina ( ARS) e testes de migração celular. A análise estatística foi realizada pelos testes ANOVA, Tukey ou Bonferroni (α = 0,05). Bio-C Repair apresentou o maior tempo de presa (p < 0,05), mas radiopacidade e solubilidade de acordo com as normas ISO 6876/2012, além de expansão linear. Bio-C Repair e MTA tiveram variação volumétrica semelhante (p > 0,05), menor que Biodentine (p < 0,05). Todos os materiais avaliados apresentaram pH alcalino. Bio-C Repair foi citocompatível, além de promover deposição de nódulos mineralizados em 21 dias e migração celular em 3 dias. Em conclusão, o Bio-C Repair apresentou radiopacidade adequada acima de 3mmAl, solubilidade menor que 3%, expansão dimensional e baixa perda volumétrica.. Além disso, o Bio-C Repair promoveu um pH alcalino e apresentou bioatividade e biocompatibilidade semelhantes ao MTA e Biodentine, mostrando potencial para uso como material reparador físicoquímicas, físicoquímicas físico químicas, químicas BioC Bio C Angelus, Angelus , (Angelus Septodont. Septodont . (Septodont) volumétricas Saos2 Saos 2 Saos- 34,5dimetiltiazol2il2,5difeniltetrazólio, 345dimetiltiazol2il25difeniltetrazólio dimetiltiazolildifeniltetrazólio 4,5 dimetiltiazol il 2,5 difeniltetrazólio 4 5 3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-il)-2,5-difeniltetrazólio) NR, NR (NR) ARS ANOVA α 0,05. 005 0,05 0 05 0,05) p 0,05, 68762012 6876 2012 6876/2012 linear citocompatível conclusão 3mmAl mmAl 3% volumétrica. disso (Septodont 34 5dimetiltiazol2il2 5difeniltetrazólio 34,5dimetiltiazol2il2,5difeniltetrazólio 45 4, 25 2, 3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-il)-2,5-difeniltetrazólio (NR 00 0,0 6876201 687 201 6876/201 dimetiltiazolil 5dimetiltiazol2il 0, 687620 68 20 6876/20 68762 6 6876/2 6876/

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical properties, cytotoxicity and bioactivity of a ready-to-use bioceramic material, Bio-C Repair (Angelus), in comparison with White MTA (Angelus) and Biodentine (Septodont). The physicochemical properties of setting time, radiopacity, pH, solubility, dimensional and volumetric changes were evaluated. Biocompatibility and bioactivity were assessed in Saos-2 osteoblast cell cultures by the MTT assay 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide), Neutral Red (NR), Alizarin Red (ARS), and cell migration tests. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA, Tukey or Bonferroni tests (α = 0.05). Bio-C Repair had the longest setting time (p < 0.05), but radiopacity and solubility were accordance with the ISO 6876/2012 standards, besides linear expansion. Bio-C Repair and MTA had similar volumetric change (p > 0.05); lower than Biodentine (p < 0.05). All the materials evaluated had an alkaline pH. Bio-C Repair was cytocompatible and promoted mineralized nodule deposition in 21 days and cell migration in 3 days. In conclusion, Bio-C Repair had adequate radiopacity above 3mm Al, solubility less than 3%, dimensional expansion, and low volumetric change. In addition, Bio-C Repair promoted an alkaline pH and presented bioactivity and biocompatibility similar to MTA and Biodentine, showing potential for use as a repair material. readytouse ready material BioC Bio C Angelus, Angelus , (Angelus Septodont. Septodont . (Septodont) Saos2 Saos 2 Saos- 34,5Dimethylthiazol2yl2,5diphenyltetrazolium 345Dimethylthiazol2yl25diphenyltetrazolium Dimethylthiazolyldiphenyltetrazolium 4,5 Dimethylthiazol yl 2,5 diphenyltetrazolium 4 5 bromide, bromide bromide) NR, NR (NR) ARS, ARS (ARS) ANOVA α 0.05. 005 0.05 0 05 0.05) p 0.05, 68762012 6876 2012 6876/201 standards expansion conclusion mm Al 3% addition (Septodont 34 5Dimethylthiazol2yl2 5diphenyltetrazolium 45 4, 25 2, (NR (ARS 00 0.0 6876201 687 201 6876/20 Dimethylthiazolyl 5Dimethylthiazol2yl 0. 687620 68 20 6876/2 68762 6 6876/

Abstract Background: It is estimated that more than 30% of the Brazilian population has systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), and mostly as an uncontrolled disease. The most recent Brazilian Guideline of Hypertension recommends the practice of self-measurement of blood pressure (BP) as one of the strategies for a better control of SAH, but there is no consensus about the efficiency of this tool. Objective: To assess the control of SAH and the practice of non-targeted self-measured BP (SMBP) among hypertensive users of the Unified Health System (SUS) and the Supplementary Network (SN). Methods: This is a cross-sectional, observational, analytical study, with a stratified probability sample. One thousand volunteers were investigated, being 500 from SUS and 500 from the SN. Uni and multivariate analyses were performed considering a 5% significance level. Results: Patients from SUS presented inferior sociodemographic data (schooling, social status) in relation to those of the SN (p < 0.001), and showed lower control of SAH (p = 0.014), as well as more visits to the emergency room in the past year due to hypertension (p = 0.002), and fewer regular appointments with the cardiologist (p = 0.004). SMBP was equally present in both assessed groups (p = 0.567), even though users of the SN have been more advised to not conduct such a practice (p = 0.002). SMBP (p < 0.001) was an independent factor for uncontrolled SAH both in SUS (OR = 3.424) and in the SN (OR = 3.474). Conclusion: Patients in SUS presented lower SAH control. The practice of SMBP, mostly practiced with an uncalibrated digital device, was equally present in both groups and became an independent factor of uncontrolled SAH. Background 30 , (SAH) disease selfmeasurement self measurement (BP tool Objective nontargeted non targeted selfmeasured measured (SMBP (SUS . (SN) Methods crosssectional, crosssectional cross sectional, sectional cross-sectional observational study sample investigated 50 5 level Results schooling, schooling (schooling status p 0.001, 0001 0.001 0 001 0.014, 0014 0.014 014 0.014) 0.002, 0002 0.002 002 0.002) 0.004. 0004 0.004 004 0.004) 0.567, 0567 0.567 567 0.567) 0.002. OR 3.424 3424 3 424 3.474. 3474 3.474 474 3.474) Conclusion device (SAH (SN 000 0.00 00 0.01 01 056 0.56 56 3.42 342 42 347 3.47 47 0.0 05 0.5 3.4 34 4 0. 3.

ABSTRACT Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension is a rare and progressive disease with poor prognosis. Many patients progressively worsen even when using combinations of specific drugs for its treatment. Herein, we present our experience in the management of three children with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension refractory to clinical treatment who underwent Potts surgery in addition to clinical treatment. prognosis Herein

Abstract Background: Religiosity and Spirituality (R/S), despite being different entities, are multidimensional constructs, whose influence on cardiovascular health has been increasingly studied in recent decades. Objectives: To discriminate patients into subgroups according to R/S levels, in order to compare them regarding the distribution of cardiovascular comorbidities and clinical events. Methods: This is an observational, cross-sectional, analytical study. Two R/S scales were applied to a sample of patients seen at cardiology outpatient clinics. A cluster analysis was used to discriminate individuals into subgroups regarding R/S levels, which were subsequently compared regarding the frequencies of clinical variables related to cardiovascular health. A significance level of 5% was set for the statistical tests. Results: The sample included 237 patients with a mean age of 60.8 years (±10.7), of which 132 were female (55.7%). Cluster analysis (C) distinguished two groups: C1, with lower levels of R/S, and C2, with higher levels of R/S (p<0.001). C2 had a lower frequency of alcohol consumption (29.5% vs. 76.0%; p<0.001), smoking (12.9% vs. 51.0%; p<0.001), systemic arterial hypertension (SAH — 65.5% vs. 82.3%; p=0.005), dyslipidemia (58.3% vs. 77.1%; p=0.003), chronic coronary syndrome (36.7% vs. 58.3%; p=0.001), and prior cardiovascular events (15.8% vs. 36.5%; p<0.001) when compared to C1. There was also a higher frequency of females in C2 (82.0% vs. 17.7%; p<0.001). Conclusions: A better cardiovascular morbidity profile was observed in the group of patients with higher R/S levels, suggesting a probable positive relationship between R/S and cardiovascular health. Background RS , R S (R/S) entities constructs decades Objectives Methods observational crosssectional, crosssectional cross sectional, sectional cross-sectional study clinics 5 tests Results 23 608 60 8 60. ±10.7, 107 ±10.7 10 7 (±10.7) 13 55.7%. 557 55.7% . 55 (55.7%) C (C groups C1 p<0.001. p0001 p p<0.001 0 001 (p<0.001) 29.5% 295 29 (29.5 vs 76.0% 760 76 p<0.001, 12.9% 129 12 9 (12.9 51.0% 510 51 SAH 655 65 65.5 82.3% 823 82 3 p=0.005, p0005 p=0.005 005 p=0.005) 58.3% 583 58 (58.3 77.1% 771 77 1 p=0.003, p0003 p=0.003 003 p=0.003) 36.7% 367 36 (36.7 p=0.001, p=0.001 p=0.001) 15.8% 158 15 (15.8 36.5% 365 82.0% 820 (82.0 17.7% 177 17 Conclusions (R/S 2 6 ±10. (±10.7 55.7 (55.7% p000 p<0.00 00 (p<0.001 29.5 (29. 76.0 12.9 (12. 51.0 65. 82.3 p=0.00 58.3 (58. 77.1 36.7 (36. 15.8 (15. 36.5 82.0 (82. 17.7 ±10 (±10. 55. (55.7 p00 p<0.0 (p<0.00 29. (29 76. 12. (12 51. 82. p=0.0 58. (58 77. 36. (36 15. (15 (82 17. ±1 (±10 (55. p0 p<0. (p<0.0 (2 (1 p=0. (5 (3 (8 ± (±1 (55 p<0 (p<0. ( p=0 (± p< (p<0 p= (p< (p

Abstract Objective To evaluate the influence of RORγT inhibition by digoxin on inflammatory changes related to interleukin-17 (IL-17) in the pulp of rats treated with zoledronate (ZOL). Methodology Forty male Wistar rats were divided into a negative control group (NCG) treated with saline solution, a positive control group (PCG) treated with ZOL (0.20 mg/kg), and three groups treated with ZOL and co-treated with digoxin 1, 2, or 4 mg/kg (DG1, 2, and 4). After four intravenous administrations of ZOL or saline solution in a 70-day protocol, the right molars were evaluated by histomorphometry (number of blood vessels, blood vessels/µm2, cells/µm2, total blood vessel area, and average blood vessel area) and immunohistochemistry (IL-17, TNF-α, IL-6, and TGF-β). The Kruskal-Wallis/Dunn test was used for statistical analysis. Results PCG showed an increase in total blood vessel area (p=0.008) and average blood vessel area (p=0.014), and digoxin treatment reversed these changes. DG4 showed a reduction in blood vessels/µm2 (p<0.001). In PCG odontoblasts, there was an increase in IL-17 (p=0.002) and TNF-α (p=0.002) immunostaining, and in DG4, these changes were reversed. Odontoblasts in the digoxin-treated groups also showed an increase in IL-6 immunostaining (p<0.001) and a reduction in TGF-β immunostaining (p=0.002), and all ZOL-treated groups showed an increase in IL-17 (p=0.011) and TNF-α (p=0.017) in non-odontoblasts cells. Conclusion ZOL induces TNF-α- and IL-17-dependent vasodilation and ectasia, and the classical Th17 response activation pathway does not seem to participate in this process. interleukin17 interleukin 17 interleukin-1 IL17 IL (IL-17 ZOL. . (ZOL) NCG (NCG (PCG 0.20 020 0 20 (0.2 mg/kg, mgkg , mg kg mg/kg) cotreated co 1 2 DG1, DG1 DG (DG1 4. 4) 70day day 70 protocol number vessels vesselsµm2 vesselsµm µm2 µm cellsµm2 cellsµm cells cells/µm2 IL17, 17, TNFα, TNFα TNF α, α IL6, IL6 6, 6 TGFβ. TGFβ TGF β TGF-β) KruskalWallis/Dunn KruskalWallisDunn Kruskal Wallis/Dunn Wallis Dunn analysis p=0.008 p0008 p 008 (p=0.008 p=0.014, p0014 p=0.014 014 (p=0.014) vessels/µm p<0.001. p0001 p<0.001 001 odontoblasts IL-1 p=0.002 p0002 002 (p=0.002 digoxintreated IL- (p<0.001 p=0.002, ZOLtreated p=0.011 p0011 011 (p=0.011 p=0.017 p0017 017 (p=0.017 nonodontoblasts non IL17dependent ILdependent dependent ectasia Th Th1 process interleukin1 interleukin- IL1 (IL-1 (ZOL 0.2 02 (0. (DG 7 cells/µm KruskalWallis WallisDunn p=0.00 p000 00 (p=0.00 p001 p=0.01 01 (p=0.014 p<0.00 (p<0.00 (p=0.01 (IL- 0. (0 p=0.0 p00 (p=0.0 p<0.0 (p<0.0 (IL ( p=0. p0 (p=0. p<0. (p<0. p=0 (p=0 p<0 (p<0 p= (p= p< (p< (p

Abstract Oral candidiasis is a common fungal infection that affects the oral mucosa, and happens when Candida albicans interacts with bacteria in the oral microbiota, such as Streptococcus mutans, causing severe early childhood caries. C. albicans and S. mutans mixed biofilms are challenging to treat with conventional antimicrobial therapies, thus, new anti-infective drugs are required. Objective This study aimed to test a drug delivery system based on chitosan microparticles loaded with geranium and lemongrass essential oils to inhibit C. albicans and S. mutans mixed biofilms. Methodology Chitosan microparticles loaded with essential oils (CM-EOs) were obtained by spray-drying. Susceptibility of planktonic were performed according CLSI at 4 to 2,048 µg/mL. Mixed biofilms were incubated at 37ºC for 48 h and exposed to CM-EOs at 256 to 4,096 µg/mL. The antimicrobial effect was evaluated using the MTT assay, with biofilm architectural changes analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. RAW 264.7 cell was used to evaluate compound cytotoxicity. Results CM-EOs had better planktonic activity against C. albicans than S. mutans. All samples reduced the metabolic activity of mixed C. albicans and S. mutans biofilms, with encapsulated oils showing better activity than raw chitosan or oils. The microparticles reduced the biofilm on the slides. The essential oils showed cytotoxic effects against RAW 264.7 cells, but encapsulation into chitosan microparticles decreased their toxicity. Conclusion This study demonstrates that chitosan loaded with essential oils may provide an alternative method for treating diseases caused by C. albicans and S. mutans mixed biofilm, such as dental caries. mucosa microbiota caries C S therapies thus antiinfective anti infective required CMEOs CM EOs (CM-EOs spraydrying. spraydrying spray drying. drying spray-drying 2048 2 048 2,04 µgmL µg mL µg/mL ºC 25 4096 096 4,09 assay microscopy 2647 264 7 264. cytotoxicity slides cells toxicity 204 04 2,0 409 09 4,0 26 20 0 2, 40 4,