Abstract A novel conjugated rod–coil diblock copolymer poly(3-hexylthiophene)-block-poly(furfuryl methacrylate) (P3HT-b-PFMA) has been successfully synthesized for the first time using photoinduced organocatalyzed atom transfer radical polymerization (O-ATRP). This process utilized an organic photoredox catalyst of N-aryl phenoxazine, namely 10-(Perylene-3-yl-10H-Phenoxazine, under 365 nm UV irradiation. The diblock copolymer P3HT-b-PFMA was produced efficiently in a controlled manner, resulting in designed average molecular weights and a narrow polydispersity index. Notably, the furfurylmethacrylate (FMA) monomer derived from biomass-based furfuryl compounds was applied for this controlled polymerization, leading to the formation of conjugated diblock copolymers. The synthesized P3HT-b-PFMA was characterized through 1H-NMR, FT-IR, and GPC methods. Furthermore, the optical and hydrophilic-hydrophobic properties of P3HT-b-PFMA were also evaluated through UV-Vis spectroscopy and contact angle measurements. rodcoil rod coil poly3hexylthiopheneblockpolyfurfuryl polyhexylthiopheneblockpolyfurfuryl poly 3 hexylthiophene block methacrylate P3HTbPFMA PHTbPFMA P3HT b PFMA P HT (P3HT-b-PFMA OATRP. OATRP O ATRP . (O-ATRP) Naryl N aryl phenoxazine 10Perylene3yl10HPhenoxazine, 10Perylene3yl10HPhenoxazine PeryleneylHPhenoxazine 10 Perylene yl 10H Phenoxazine, Phenoxazine H 10-(Perylene-3-yl-10H-Phenoxazine 36 irradiation manner index Notably FMA (FMA biomassbased biomass based copolymers 1HNMR, 1HNMR HNMR 1H NMR, NMR 1H-NMR FTIR, FTIR FT IR, IR FT-IR methods Furthermore hydrophilichydrophobic hydrophilic hydrophobic UVVis Vis measurements hexylthiopheneblockpolyfurfuryl HTbPFMA PHT (O-ATRP HPhenoxazine 1

Abstract Camellia tienii, an indigenous plant species in Vietnam, is renowned for its remarkable medicinal properties. However, the current methods for plant identification are not reliable due to shared characteristics with other species in Camellia genus. To address this, the present study aimed to sequence and characterize the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of C. tienii. The resulting cp genome is 162,167 bp in size and encompasses 154 genes, including 98 protein-coding genes, 8 rRNA genes, and 48 tRNA genes. Notably, this genome contains 55 simple sequence repeats, specifically type A and T motifs. It is worth mentioning that the ndhF gene was not detected in this genome, while the trnL gene was present. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that C. tienii shares a close relationship with C. tamdaoensis. These significant findings contribute with valuable insights that can aid in the accurate taxonomy, plant identification, and conservation efforts concerning this herb in Vietnam. Vietnam properties However genus (cp C 162167 162 167 162,16 15 genes 9 proteincoding protein coding 4 Notably 5 repeats motifs tamdaoensis taxonomy 16216 16 162,1 1 1621 162,

RESUMEN Introducción: En la condición de presión hiperbárica, la presión parcial de los componentes del aire se encuentra aumentada, incluida la del oxígeno. Esto se considera la causa de formación de radicales libres y el estado de estrés oxidativo. Objetivo: Determinar los efectos de la presión hiperbárica sobre estado del estrés oxidativo en individuos sanos. Métodos: 29 hombres sanos realizaron buceo estandarizado en cámara hiperbárica, a una profundidad de 30 metros de agua, durante un tiempo total de 30 minutos. Se recogieron muestras de sangre antes de la compresión, inmediatamente después de la descompresión y una hora después. Se midieron los niveles de malondialdehído, catalasa y superóxido dismutasa en muestras de sangre. Resultados: La acción del malondialdehído se incrementó inmediatamente después del buceo y se recuperó en 1 hora. La acción de enzima superóxido dismutasa se encontró disminuida al término y 1 hora después, mientras la enzima catalasa se demostró lo contrario y aumentó significativamente en la primera hora. Conclusión: El cambio de los marcadores biológicos malondialdehído, catalasa y superóxido dismutasa sugiere estado de estrés oxidativo bajo la influencia de presión hiperbárica.

ABSTRACT Introduction: In the hyperbaric pressure environment the partial pressure of each gas component increases, which increases oxygen partial pressure. This causes the generation of free radicals and oxidative stress. Objective: To determine the effects of hyperbaric pressure on the oxidative stress status in healthy subjects. Methods: 29 healthy men performed standardized hyperbaric chamber dive to a depth of 30 meters of water (msw) for 30 minutes. Blood samples were collected before compression, immediately after decompression and 1 hour after decompression. The levels of Malondialdehyde, Catalase and Superoxide Dismutase were measured in blood samples. Results: Malondialdehyde activity increased immediately after decompression and recovered at 1 hour after decompression. Superoxide Dismutase enzyme activity decreased immediately after decompression as well as 1 hour after decompression. Catalase enzyme activity increased immediately after decompression, which was significant at 1 hour after decompression. Conclusion: Changes in the biological markers Malondialdehyde, Catalase and Superoxide Dismutase suggest the appearance of oxidative stress under the influence of a hyperbaric pressure environment.

Abstract The influence of various drying characteristics in the experiment was explored in this study. The drying time and moisture content were used to evaluate the experimental outcomes. The drying of bitter gourd slices using a halogen dryer was done at varied thicknesses (3, 5, and 7 mm) and temperatures (60 °C, 65 °C and 70 °C). The results revealed that the drying time and equilibrium moisture content are considerably affected by the material drying thickness and drying temperature. Furthermore, the Generalized Regression Neural Network (GRNN) model is employed in this study to train and predict the moisture content of bitter gourd as an output parameter. The temperature, bitter gourd thickness, and drying time were considered as input parameters for the GRNN model. Three statistic measures as the R-square, the Root mean square error (RMSE) and the Mean relative percent error (P) were used to validate the accuracy of the trained GRNN model. In training with nine experimental condition datasets, the average score values of R-square, RMSE and P were obtained at 0.995197, 1.498966 and 0.091617, respectively. The test of trained GRNN has been conducted with good agreement between experimental data points and predicted points. The result revealed that GRNN was effective in predicting the moisture content of bitter gourd in a halogen dryer. outcomes 3, 3 (3 5 mm 60 (6 C 6 °C. . °C) temperature Furthermore (GRNN parameter Rsquare, Rsquare R square, R-square (RMSE (P datasets 0995197 0 995197 0.995197 1498966 1 498966 1.49896 0091617 091617 0.091617 respectively ( 099519 99519 0.99519 149896 49896 1.4989 009161 09161 0.09161 09951 9951 0.9951 14989 4989 1.498 00916 0916 0.0916 0995 995 0.995 1498 498 1.49 0091 091 0.091 099 99 0.99 149 49 1.4 009 09 0.09 9 0.9 14 4 1. 00 0.0 0.

OBJECTIVE: To measure the use of motorcycle helmets in children and to determine the reasons why children wear helmets less often than adults. METHODS: The frequency of helmet wearing among adults and children was ascertained by trained roadside observers, and randomized road user surveys were completed in four major centres in Viet Nam: Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Can Tho and Da Nang. Survey data on key questions were cross tabulated, and χ2 was calculated for significant differences between parents and non-parents (0.05). FINDINGS: The frequency of helmet use in the four study locations ranged from 90-99% among adults, from 15-53% among children < 7 years of age, and from 38-53% among children > 7 but < 14. Of the parents surveyed, 67% said the fear of neck injury was the most important reason their children did not wear a helmet. CONCLUSION: Children wear motorcycle helmets much less often than adults. Legislation to penalize adults whose children do not wear motorcycle helmets has been proposed in Viet Nam. Furthermore, ongoing advocacy and social marketing efforts are being made to disseminate information about the safety benefits of helmets to combat erroneous public perceptions.

OBJETIVO: Determinar la frecuencia del uso del casco de motocicleta por los niños y averiguar los motivos por los que lo usan menos que los adultos. MÉTODOS: La frecuencia del uso del casco por los adultos y los niños fue determinada por observadores entrenados situados en las carreteras. También se realizaron encuestas aleatorizadas entre los usuarios de las vías de tránsito en cuatro grandes ciudades de Vietnam: Hanoi, Ciudad Ho Chi Minh, Can Tho y Da Nang. Los datos de las encuestas sobre cuestiones clave se introdujeron en tablas de contingencia, calculándose la χ2 para detectar diferencias significativas entre padres y no padres (0,05). RESULTADOS: La frecuencia del uso del casco en los cuatro lugares estudiados osciló entre el 90 y el 99% en los adultos, el 15 y el 53% en los niños < 7 años, y el 38 y el 53% en los niños > 7 pero < 14 años. Entre los padres encuestados, el 67% dijo que el temor a las lesiones cervicales era el motivo más importante para que sus hijos no usaran el casco. CONCLUSIÓN: La frecuencia del uso del caso es mucho menor en los niños que en los adultos. En Viet Nam se ha propuesto una ley para penalizar a los adultos cuyos hijos no utilicen caso de motocicleta. Además, con el fin de combatir percepciones erróneas del público, se están realizando actividades de promoción y de marketing social para difundir información sobre los beneficios del uso del casco.

OBJECTIF: Mesurer la fréquence d'utilisation du casque de motocycliste chez les enfants et déterminer les raisons pour lesquelles les enfants portent moins souvent un casque que les adultes. MÉTHODES: La fréquence de port du casque chez les adultes et les enfants a été déterminée par des observateurs formés et placés sur le bord des routes et des enquêtes randomisées sur les usagers de la route ont été effectuées dans quatre grands centres urbains du Viet Nam : Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh Ville, Can Tho et Da Nang. On a construit une table de contingence avec les réponses aux principales questions et on a calculé le χ2 pour rechercher des différences significatives entre les personnes ayant des enfants de moins de 14 ans et celles n'en ayant pas (0,05). RÉSULTATS: La fréquence de port du casque sur les quatre sites étudiés variait de 90 à 99 % chez les adultes, de 15 à 53 % chez les enfants de 7 ans et moins et de 38 à 53 % chez les enfants dont l'age se situait entre 7 et 14 ans (inclus). Parmi les parents interrogés, 67 % ont indiqué que la crainte d'un traumatisme à la nuque était la principale raison motivant l'absence de casque chez leur enfant. CONCLUSION: Les enfants portent bien moins souvent un casque de motocycliste que les adultes. Une législation pénalisant les adultes dont les enfants ne portent pas de casque de motocycliste a été proposée au Viet Nam. En outre, des efforts de sensibilisation et de marketing social sont en cours pour diffuser des informations sur les bénéfices pour la santé des casques de motocycliste et dissiper les idées erronées parmi le public.