Objective: To adapt the Mind-Wandering Questionnaire (MWQ) for the Brazilian context and present evidence of validity based on its internal structure. Methods: A total of 2,682 Brazilian adults from different regions of the country took part in this study. Confirmatory factor analyses and multigroup confirmatory factor analyses (MGCFA) were performed to assess the factor structure of the MWQ. McDonald’s omega (ω) was generated to provide reliability indexes. Results: The analyses demonstrated an adequate factor structure for the MWQ adapted to the Brazilian context, corroborating the original article’s single-factor model and other adaptation studies. Furthermore, the results demonstrated the instrument’s reliability in a Brazilian population (ω = 0.88). Conclusion: The MWQ is thus an adequate, reliable, and quickly administered instrument for those whose aim is to measure deliberate and spontaneous MW in Brazil. Objective MindWandering Mind Wandering (MWQ Methods 2682 2 682 2,68 study MGCFA (MGCFA McDonalds McDonald s ω indexes Results articles article singlefactor single studies Furthermore instruments 0.88. 088 0.88 . 0 88 0.88) Conclusion reliable Brazil 268 68 2,6 08 0.8 8 26 6 2, 0.

Abstract Objective To adapt the Scale of Perception of Respect for and Maintenance of the Dignity of the Inpatient (CuPDPH) to the Brazilian language and culture and to assess its psychometric properties. Results The scale was evaluated by 15 experts, and 239 patients from three tertiary hospitals in Rio de Janeiro. All participants signed a consent form. Data have shown adequacy of the model (KMO=0.839, Bartlett's test of sphericity: χ2(171) = 2241.3, p = 0.000010), good adjusted content validity (CVCa ≥ 0.90), internal consistency and reliability, such as α = 0.927. Discussion CuPDPH is a rating scale on observable professional attitudes. Illnesses change lives and impose adaptation to a new situation, perceived as depersonalization, leading patients to try to regain control of their lives. Patients expressed “ill will” to fill out the scale. Psychiatric patients’ scale filling time was higher than others. A sample from three Rio de Janeiro third-level hospitals may not reflect the country's population; also, this adaptation may not comprise all linguistic variations of Brazilian Portuguese and Portuguese-speaking countries. Conclusion The Portuguese version of the Scale of Perception of Respect for and Maintenance of the Dignity of the Inpatient (CuPDPH), a 19-item, six-component version is a reliable instrument to measure the perception of internal medicine, surgical, and psychiatric patients on the maintenance of their dignity in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This knowledge could be used in advancing research on patients’ perception of dignity, as well as professional ethical competencies, staff-patient relationship skills, and leadership development in medical and other healthcare professional education. (CuPDPH properties 1 experts 23 form KMO=0.839, KMO0839 KMO 0 839 (KMO=0.839 Bartletts Bartlett s sphericity χ2171 χ χ2 171 χ2(171 22413 2241 3 2241.3 0.000010, 0000010 0.000010 , 000010 0.000010) CVCa 0.90, 090 0.90 90 0.90) reliability 0927 927 0.927 attitudes situation depersonalization ill will others thirdlevel third level countrys country population also Portuguesespeaking speaking countries CuPDPH, 19item, 19item item 19 item, 19-item sixcomponent six component medicine surgical Brazil competencies staffpatient staff patient skills education 2 KMO=0.839 KMO083 83 (KMO=0.83 χ217 17 χ2(17 224 2241. 000001 0.00001 00001 09 0.9 9 092 92 0.92 KMO=0.83 KMO08 8 (KMO=0.8 χ21 χ2(1 22 00000 0.0000 0000 0. KMO=0.8 KMO0 (KMO=0. χ2( 0.000 000 KMO=0. (KMO=0 0.00 00 KMO=0 (KMO= 0.0 KMO= (KMO

ABSTRACT Violence against children is a very important concern in the public health system. Filicide is a deliberate act of a mother or father killing his own child. The aim of this study is to describe a case of filicide associated with the presence of borderline personality disorder, discussing the evaluation of criminal imputability related to this case, using the biopsychological criterion. Child protection measures should be actively offered when parents have stress and lack of emotional balance while needing to care for children.

RESUMEN La violencia contra los niños es una preocupación muy importante en el sistema de salud pública. El filicidio es un acto deliberado de una madre o un padre que mata a su propio hijo. El objetivo de este estudio es describir un caso de filicidio asociado a la presencia del Trastorno Límite de la Personalidad (TLP), analizando la evaluación de la imputabilidad criminal relacionada con este caso, utilizando el criterio biopsicológico. Medidas de protección a los niños deben ser ofrecidas de forma activa cuando los padres tienen estrés y falta de equilibrio emocional, y al mismo tiempo deben cuidar a los niños.

Abstract Objective In the DSM-III and the DSM-IV, bipolar disorder (BD) is classified as a mood disorder and diagnosis requires presence of a mood change, i.e., euphoria or irritability. In contrast, DSM-5 states that there must be some increase in energy or motor activity in addition to the mood change. Our aim was to identify which types of symptoms (i.e., mood or energy/activity-related symptoms) are the most informative in a manic episode. Methods Symptoms of manic episodes in 106 outpatients with BD were assessed in a naturalistic study using the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) between November 2002 and November 2015. The scale items were divided into three groups according to clinical criteria: mood, energy/activity, and other. For comparisons between groups, the Samejima graded response model from Item Response Theory (IRT) and the Test Information Function (TIF) were computed. Chi-square tests were used to verify the association between the groups of symptoms by comparing the area under the curve of the TIF results. Results The information accounted for by energy/activity represents 77% of the proportion of the total TIF; about 23% is related to mood and other groups of symptoms. These proportions are statistically different (χ2[1] = 30.42, p < 0.001) Conclusion On average, changes in energy/activity tend to be more informative than mood changes during the manic phases of BD. DSMIII DSM III DSMIV, DSMIV IV, IV DSM-IV (BD change ie i e i.e. irritability contrast DSM5 5 DSM- (i.e. energy/activityrelated energyactivityrelated episode 10 YMRS (YMRS 200 2015 criteria energyactivity IRT (IRT (TIF computed Chisquare Chi square results 77 23 χ21 χ χ2 1 (χ2[1 3042 30 42 30.42 0.001 0001 0 001 average i.e (i.e activityrelated 20 201 7 2 (χ2[ 304 3 4 30.4 0.00 000 00 (χ2 30. 0.0 (χ 0.

Objective: To develop a classification framework based on random forest (RF) modeling to outline the declarative memory profile of patients with panic disorder (PD) compared to a healthy control sample. Methods: We developed RF models to classify the declarative memory profile of PD patients in comparison to a healthy control sample using the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT). For this study, a total of 299 patients with PD living in the city of Rio de Janeiro (70.9% females, age 39.9 ± 7.3 years old) were recruited through clinician referrals or self/family referrals. Results: Our RF models successfully predicted declarative memory profiles in patients with PD based on RAVLT scores (lowest area under the curve [AUC] of 0.979, for classification; highest root mean squared percentage [RMSPE] of 17.2%, for regression) using relatively bias-free clinical data, such as sex, age, and body mass index (BMI). Conclusions: Our findings also suggested that BMI, used as a proxy for diet and exercises habits, plays an important role in declarative memory. Our framework can be extended and used as a prospective tool to classify and examine associations between clinical features and declarative memory in PD patients. Objective (RF (PD Methods RAVLT. . (RAVLT) study 29 70.9% 709 70 9 (70.9 females 399 39 39. 73 7 3 7. old selffamily self family Results lowest AUC [AUC 0979 0 979 0.979 RMSPE [RMSPE 172 17 2 17.2% regression biasfree bias free data sex BMI. BMI (BMI) Conclusions habits (RAVLT 70.9 (70. 097 97 0.97 1 17.2 (BMI 70. (70 09 0.9 17. (7 0. (

ABSTRACT Objective: Expand knowledge on the role and efficacy of carbamazepine (CBZ) in bipolar disorder (BD), based on original studies. Methods: The authors performed a systematic review of the scientific literature on the efficacy of CBZ in BD, using the PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science (ISI), and SciELO databases. The search terms were: (“carbamazepine”) AND (“bipolar” OR “mania” OR “manic”). There was no restriction on the year of publication. Results: A total of 27 articles were selected. Among the selected articles, 14 evaluated the use of CBZ in the manic phase of BD, two in the depressive phase of BD, and 11 in the maintenance phase of BD. In the studies on the manic phase of BD, CBZ proved superior to placebo (PLA). As for the depressive phase of BD, there were two studies, both with small samples. In the maintenance phase, CBZ was inferior to lithium, and no studies compared CBZ to PLA. Conclusion: The results of the clinical studies suggest that CBZ is effective for the treatment of the manic phase. Regarding the treatment of acute depression and maintenance of BD, the results of the studies indicate that there is not enough data demonstrating the effectiveness of CBZ. Objective (CBZ BD , (BD) Methods PubMedMEDLINE PubMed MEDLINE PubMed/MEDLINE ISI, ISI (ISI) databases (“carbamazepine” (“bipolar mania “mania manic. . “manic”) publication Results 2 1 PLA (PLA) samples lithium Conclusion (BD (ISI (“carbamazepine “manic” (PLA “manic

RESUMO Objetivo: Ampliar o conhecimento sobre o papel e a eficácia da carbamazepina (CBZ) no transtorno bipolar (TB), a partir de estudos originais. Métodos: Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática de literatura científica sobre a eficácia da CBZ no TB. Foram utilizadas as bases de dados PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science (ISI) e SciELO. Os termos de busca empregados foram: (“carbamazepine”) AND (“bipolar” OR “mania” OR “manic”). Não houve restrição quanto ao período de publicação. Resultados: Foram selecionados 27 artigos. Entre os artigos selecionados, 14 avaliavam o uso da CBZ na fase de mania do TB, 2, na fase de depressão do TB e 11, na fase de manutenção do TB. A CBZ, nos estudos na fase de mania do TB, mostrou-se superior ao placebo (PLB). Em relação à fase de depressão no TB, havia dois estudos não controlados e com amostras pequenas. Quanto à fase de manutenção do TB, a CBZ foi inferior ao lítio, e não foram realizados estudos comparando com PLB. Conclusão: Os resultados dos estudos clínicos sugerem que a CBZ é eficaz para o tratamento da fase de mania. Em relação ao tratamento de depressão aguda e manutenção do TB, os resultados dos estudos indicam que não há dados suficientes que demonstrem a eficácia da CBZ. Objetivo (CBZ , (TB) originais Métodos Realizouse Realizou se PubMedMEDLINE PubMed MEDLINE PubMed/MEDLINE ISI (ISI SciELO carbamazepine (“carbamazepine” (“bipolar “mania manic. manic . “manic”) publicação Resultados 2 1 11 mostrouse mostrou PLB (PLB) pequenas lítio Conclusão (TB (“carbamazepine “manic” (PLB “manic

Abstract Objetive: With the global population aging, there is a growing need for home-based care to meet the health needs of the elderly. However, the quality of care provided to the aged population is now arguably a significant challenge for most healthcare systems worldwide. Methods: The present review included 13 original studies on home care and its effects on dementia patients, describing how patient care and adequate treatment can be collaborative for their improvement, for case management, and optimizing pain control and specificities. Results: Among the findings, it was evidenced that the environment impacts the form of care, once being at home can improve communication and global monitoring of dementia patients. Conclusion: In addition to the results analyzed in this review, there is a need for future, well-designed studies on the different aspects of home care, highlighting the importance of evaluating the type of care for each patient in the quest to optimize the care. Objetive aging homebased based elderly However worldwide Methods 1 patients improvement management specificities Results findings Conclusion future welldesigned well designed

RESUMO Objetivo: Com o envelhecimento da população mundial, há uma necessidade crescente de cuidados domiciliares para atender às necessidades de saúde dos idosos. No entanto, a qualidade dos cuidados prestados à população idosa é hoje indiscutivelmente um grande desafio para a maioria dos sistemas de saúde em todo o mundo. Métodos: A presente revisão incluiu 13 estudos originais sobre cuidados domiciliares e seus efeitos em pacientes com demência, descrevendo como o cuidado e o tratamento adequado do paciente podem ser colaborativos para sua melhora, para o gerenciamento de casos e a otimização do controle de sua dor e especificidades. Resultados: Entre os achados, evidenciou-se que o ambiente impacta a forma de atendimento, pois estar em casa pode melhorar a comunicação e o acompanhamento global dos pacientes em quadro demencial. Conclusão: Além dos resultados analisados nesta revisão, há a necessidade de futuros estudos bem elaborados sobre os diferentes aspectos da atenção domiciliar, destacando a importância de avaliar o tipo de cuidado de cada paciente na busca de otimizar o cuidado. Objetivo mundial idosos entanto mundo Métodos 1 demência melhora especificidades Resultados achados evidenciouse evidenciou se atendimento demencial Conclusão domiciliar

ABSTRACT Primary progressive aphasia comprises a group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by progressive speech and language dysfunction. Neuroimaging (structural and functional), biomarkers, and neuropsychological assessments allow for early diagnosis. However, there is no pharmacological treatment for the disease. Speech and language therapy is the main rehabilitation strategy. In this case report, we describe a female patient diagnosed with nonfluent primary progressive aphasia who underwent sessions of high-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and showed improvement in depression scores, naming tasks in oral and written speech, and comprehension tasks in oral and written discourse. dysfunction structural functional, functional , functional) biomarkers diagnosis However disease strategy report highfrequency high frequency scores discourse

RESUMO As afasias progressivas primárias (APP) representam um grupo de doenças neurodegenerativas caracterizadas por disfunção progressiva da fala e da linguagem. A neuroimagem (estrutural e funcional), os biomarcadores e as avaliações neuropsicológicas permitem o diagnóstico precoce. No entanto, não há tratamento farmacológico para a doença. A terapia fonoaudiológica é a principal estratégia de reabilitação. Neste relato de caso, descrevemos uma paciente com diagnóstico de APP não fluente que foi submetida a sessões de estimulação magnética transcraniana de alta frequência no córtex pré-frontal dorsolateral esquerdo e apresentou melhora nos escores de depressão, nas tarefas de nomeação da fala oral e escrita e nas tarefas de compreensão da fala oral e escrita. (APP linguagem estrutural funcional, funcional , funcional) precoce entanto doença reabilitação caso préfrontal pré frontal depressão

Abstract Growing number of researches has studied driving phobia of in the last decades. Excessive fear of driving can cause impacts on the individual's career, social embarrassment and significant restrictions on their autonomy. The aim of this study was to investigate whether treatment with virtual reality exposure and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) strategies were able to 1- reduce the frequency of cognitive distortions associated with driving, 2- increase participants' sense of self-efficacy, and 3 - increase the probability of going to in vivo exposure. 18 participants were randomly allocated into three groups: 1) 3 cognitive restructuring sessions + 7 virtual reality exposure sessions; 2) 3 relaxation / diaphragmatic breathing sessions + 7 virtual reality exposure sessions; 3) 3 relaxation / diaphragmatic breathing sessions and cognitive restructuring + 7 virtual reality exposure sessions. Participants answered Driving Cognition Questionnaire (DCQ) and the Self-efficacy Driving Scale (EADir - v2) in the first and tenth session. There was a significant reduction in the frequency of distorted thoughts and a significant increase in participants' sense of self-efficacy. In addition, it can be observed that the treatment favored to go to in vivo exposures. CBT strategies and virtual reality exposure proved to be effective. Although there are statistically significant changes in the mean scores of the instruments used, we can point out as limitations of this study the sample size. We use nonparametric statistical test and there was not follow up to confirm if the gains were maintained. Therefore, we recommend new investigations, controlling these variables.

Resumo A Fobia de Dirigir tem sido alvo, nas últimas décadas, de um crescente número de estudos, uma vez que o medo excessivo e perseverante de conduzir um automóvel pode promover impactos na carreira do indivíduo, embaraço social e restrições significativas em sua autonomia. O objetivo desse estudo foi investigar se o tratamento através da exposição por realidade virtual e outras estratégias da Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental (TCC) foram capazes de 1- reduzir a frequência de pensamentos distorcidos associados à direção, 2- aumentar o senso de autoeficácia dos participantes e 3- contribuir para que esses se engajassem em exposições ao vivo. Dezoito participantes foram alocados de forma aleatória em três grupos: 1) 3 sessões de reestruturação cognitiva + 7 sessões de exposição por realidade virtual; 2) 3 sessões de relaxamento/ respiração diafragmática + 7 sessões de exposição por realidade virtual; 3) 3 sessões de relaxamento/ respiração diafragmática e reestruturação cognitiva + 7 sessões de exposição por realidade virtual. Os participantes responderam na primeira e na décima sessão o Questionário de Cognições na Direção (DCQ) e a Escala de Autoeficácia para dirigir (EADir-v2). Houve redução significativa na frequência de pensamentos distorcidos e aumento significativo no senso de autoeficácia dos participantes. Além disso, pode-se afirmar que o tratamento favoreceu para que os sujeitos enfrentassem posteriormente as exposições ao vivo. As estratégias de TCC e a exposição por realidade virtual mostraram-se eficazes. Apesar de se apresentarem mudanças estatisticamente significativas nos escores médios dos instrumentos utilizados, podemos apontar como limitações do estudo o tamanho da amostra, a utilização de um teste estatístico não paramétrico e a ausência de uma reavaliação para se confirmar se os ganhos foram mantidos. Portanto, recomendamos que outras investigações, controlando mais e melhor estas variáveis, sejam feitas.

Abstract Introduction Based on studies of the biographies of artists and on research in which modern diagnostic criteria were applied, it has been suggested that there is a relationship between bipolar disorder (BD) and creativity. Objective: To investigate the relationship between BD and creativity and whether creative capacity varies depending on mood state. Method We conducted a systematic search of the scientific literature indexed on the PubMed, ISI Web of Science, PsycINFO, and SciELO databases using the terms “bipolar” OR “bipolar disorder” OR “mania” OR “manic” AND “creativ*”. Original studies were selected that investigated samples of at least ten patients with BD using at least one psychometric instrument to assess creativity. Results Twelve articles met the selection criteria. The results of comparisons of BD patients with control groups without BD were heterogeneous. BD was not associated with higher levels of creativity than other mental disorders. When comparing BD phases, depression was associated with worse performance on creativity tests and patients in mania (or hypomania) were not distinguished from euthymia patients. Conclusion It was not possible to corroborate the hypothesis that individuals with BD are more creative than individuals without psychiatric diagnoses or than patients suffering from other mental disorders, which may be related to the cross-sectional rather than longitudinal designs of virtually all of the clinical studies.

Abstract Introduction The social distancing (SD) adopted during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has transformed the internet from a convenience into a necessity. The behavioral changes caused by isolation range from adaptation of consumption, work, and teaching routines to altered leisure options to occupy idle time at home. Such transformations can be positive, expanding use of digital technologies (DT), but they can also have serious future physical and emotional consequences if there conscious use of technological devices is lacking. Objectives The study aimed to validate the Behavioral Changes Scale on the Use of Digital Technologies During Social Distancing (BCSDTSD), an instrument for assessing behavioral changes related to use of DT during SD. Method Validation of the BCSDTSD in five phases: 1. construction of an initial scale with 10 questions; 2. evaluation of the questions by a panel of experts; 3. application to 1,012 volunteers via the internet; 4. statistical analysis of the results; and 5. preparation of the validated final version of the BCSDTSD. Data were analyzed using the dplyr, psy , and paran packages and the REdaS statistical program. Three statistical criteria were used in the factor analysis (FA). Results FA confirmed that all 10 questions in the questionnaire should be maintained, confirming its robust construction, and Cronbach’s alpha demonstrated its internal consistency with a value of 0.725, which is satisfactory for first-application questionnaires. Conclusion The BCSDTSD instrument was validated for assessment of behavioral changes related to the use of DT during SD.

Abstract Objectives To assess the prevalence of early trauma in individuals with onset of schizophrenia (SZ) at early (≤ 18 years) and adult (> 18 years) ages (EOP and AOP, respectively) and explore relationships between the onset of disease and clinical variables including traumatic events and psychotic and mood symptoms. Methods Subjects with SZ (n = 71) and EOP and AOP were compared for history of psychological trauma, sexual abuse, and physical punishment using the Early Trauma Inventory Self Report - Short Form (ETISR-SF). They were also compared for history of comorbidities and affective disorders using the Diagnostic Interview for Psychosis and Affective Disorders, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale, and the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia. Coefficients were calculated for correlations between scale results and disease duration. Results Early trauma was significantly associated with an early onset psychotic episode (r = -0.315, p < 0.01). General trauma and depressive symptoms in adulthood were also associated (r = 0.442, p < 0.01), as were social anxiety symptoms and early trauma (r = 0.319, p < 0.01). Total ETISR-SF scores and the physical abuse item were significantly higher in EOP than in AOP. In the hierarchical regression, PANSS scores were best predicted by a model including the duration of disease and age of first psychotic episode (R = 0.303). Conclusions Our results support the hypothesis that early trauma, including physical abuse, may play a relevant role in schizophrenia symptoms, such as an earlier psychotic occurrence, as well as features of other psychiatric disorders, such as greater severity of social anxiety and depression.