Pesquisa | SciELO

Research to identify plant bioactive compounds led to the evolution of extraction methods. This study optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) to extract the flavonoids of Croton grewioides Baill. species contributing to characterize the polar extract profile and understand the antioxidant potential of these plant constituents. The use of experimental design and statistical treatments enabled the determination of the ideal conditions for each technique. The extracts of five accessions of C. grewioides were obtained under the optimized extraction conditions and were analyzed using ultra high-resolution mass spectrometry (FT-Orbitrap MS) operating at negative ionization mode for flavonoids detection. The accurate experimental mass obtained to the main compounds was used to attribute the molecular formula. Chemical structures of the main compounds detected were proposed using structure data bases. Chemometric analysis were performed with two FT-Orbitrap MS spectra samples using the identified metabolites and, the antioxidant activity data, showing that for this species the MAE was most effective in extracting the antioxidant compounds. It was possible to propose the structures for forty compounds in the C. grewioides extracts, demonstrating the excellent performance of the FT-Orbitrap MS in providing information on the chemical profile of polar compounds in plant extracts. methods ultrasoundassisted ultrasound assisted UAE (UAE microwaveassisted microwave (MAE Baill constituents technique C highresolution high resolution FTOrbitrap FT Orbitrap detection formula bases

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230004

Chitosan microparticles loaded with essential oils inhibit duo-biofilms of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans
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GARCIA, Lana Glerieide Silva

; ROCHA, Maria Gleiciane da

; FREIRE, Rosemayre Souza

; NUNES, Paulo Iury Gomes

; NUNES, João Victor Serra

; FERNANDES, Mirele Rodrigues

; PEREIRA-NETO, Waldemiro Aquino

; SIDRIM, José Júlio Costa

; SANTOS, Flavia Almeida

; ROCHA, Marcos Fábio Gadelha

; RODRIGUES, Lidiany Karla Azevedo

; VIEIRA, Rodrigo Silveira

; BRILHANTE, Raimunda Sâmia Nogueira

Journal of Applied Oral Science

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2023, Volume 31 elocation e20230146

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Oral candidiasis is a common fungal infection that affects the oral mucosa, and happens when Candida albicans interacts with bacteria in the oral microbiota, such as Streptococcus mutans, causing severe early childhood caries. C. albicans and S. mutans mixed biofilms are challenging to treat with conventional antimicrobial therapies, thus, new anti-infective drugs are required. Objective This study aimed to test a drug delivery system based on chitosan microparticles loaded with geranium and lemongrass essential oils to inhibit C. albicans and S. mutans mixed biofilms. Methodology Chitosan microparticles loaded with essential oils (CM-EOs) were obtained by spray-drying. Susceptibility of planktonic were performed according CLSI at 4 to 2,048 µg/mL. Mixed biofilms were incubated at 37ºC for 48 h and exposed to CM-EOs at 256 to 4,096 µg/mL. The antimicrobial effect was evaluated using the MTT assay, with biofilm architectural changes analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. RAW 264.7 cell was used to evaluate compound cytotoxicity. Results CM-EOs had better planktonic activity against C. albicans than S. mutans. All samples reduced the metabolic activity of mixed C. albicans and S. mutans biofilms, with encapsulated oils showing better activity than raw chitosan or oils. The microparticles reduced the biofilm on the slides. The essential oils showed cytotoxic effects against RAW 264.7 cells, but encapsulation into chitosan microparticles decreased their toxicity. Conclusion This study demonstrates that chitosan loaded with essential oils may provide an alternative method for treating diseases caused by C. albicans and S. mutans mixed biofilm, such as dental caries.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2023-0146

Scientific diving in Brazil: history, present and perspectives
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Leite, Tatiana S.

; Pinheiro, Igor E.

; Berchez, Flávio

; Bertoncini, Áthila A.

; Cima, Oswaldo M. Del

; Demetrescu, Irene E.

; Francini-Filho, Ronaldo B.

; Kikuchi, Ruy K.P

; Machado, Arthur A.

; Maia-Nogueira, Rodrigo

; Martins, Flavio L.

; Mendes, Liana F.

; Rambelli, Gilson

; Sampaio, Claudio L.S.

; Segal, Barbara

; Aguiar, Aline A.

; Auler, Augusto S.

; Barroco-Neto, José

; Bonaldo, Roberta M.

; Buchmann, Francisco S.

; Calippo, Flavio

; Cesar, Augusto

; Gama, Matheus A.C.

; Ghilardi-Lopes, Natalia

; Leão, Zelinda M.A.N.

; Lessa, Guilherme C.

; Menegola, Carla

; Pinheiro, Hudson T.

; Rocha, Luiz A.

; Sabino, José

; Seoane, José C.S.

; Sestokas, Julia

; Tiago, Cláudio C.

; Wegner, Ewerton

; Lotufo, Tito

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 elocation e23045

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Scientific diving (SD) is defined as any diving activity that applies scientific procedures to produce subsidies for studies and technical works in underwater environments. The first report of an underwater scientific study in Brazil dates to the 19th century, in the Abrolhos reefs. Currently, in Brazil, scientific diving has been performed in various areas, from shallow coastal regions to remote and sometimes hard-to-reach places, such as oceanic islands, flooded caves, and icy areas like Antarctica. However, the regulation of SD in Brazil still lacks more concrete actions towards an effective and efficient self-regulation that offers physical safety to practitioners and institutional safeguards for organizations that use it in their research projects. Thus, this article aims to contribute to a better understanding of this critical issue in Brazil and to serve as a reference and incentive for the training of professionals and the development of these activities in the country. It includes: 1) a historical review of SD; 2) a diagnosis of the training and application of SD in Brazil; 3) the evolution of marine sciences in Brazil from the perspective of SD; 4) a review of the use of environmental assessment and underwater conservation techniques in oceans and internal waters; 5) an analysis of the evolution of scientific diver training in Brazil, including a diagnosis on training; 6) the history and updates of the rules, regulations, and safety of SD. Given all the potential of diving combined with specific techniques for research, monitoring, and marine and limnic science in Brazil, we aim to understand the evolution of scientific diving teaching and to outline perspectives in the country, as it is crucial for the training of qualified scientists capable of performing these underwater tasks. Finally, we present future plans for the development of this activity in Brazil from the point of view of research and the labor market.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.23036tsl

Pneumomediastinum and Pneumothorax in a Neonate with Meconium Aspiration Syndrome
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Alarcão, José Cunha de

; Gonçalves, Raquel S.

; Nogueira, Mayara

; Silva, Ana Rodrigues

Gazeta Médica

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Jun 2022, Volume 9 Nº 2 Páginas 186 - 187

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.29315/gm.v9i2.590

Cashew Rootstock Production Using Spirulina platensis Biomass
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Ferreira, Kaikí Nogueira

; Araújo, Railene Hérica Carlos Rocha

; Oliveira, Agda Malany Forte de

; Barbosa, Rodolfo dos Santos

; Onias, Elny Alves

; Teodosio, Albert Einstein Mathias de Medeiros

; Lima, Francileide do Nascimento

; Nogueira, Antonio Elizeneudo Peixoto

; Ribeiro, Wellington Souto

; Lima, José Franciraldo de

; Ribeiro, João Everthon da Silva

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology

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2022, Volume 65 elocation e22220042

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Microalgae are considered a rich source of biostimulants for plants, as an excellent business opportunity for the agricultural sector, as they can activate plant metabolism, contributing to the improvement in physiological performance, phytomass and, subsequently, vigor and quality of seedlings. The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of Spirulina platensis biomass, in enabling improvements in physiological performance, phytomass and, subsequently, vigor and quality of cashew rootstock seedlings. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design, in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme (concentrations x rootstock), with three replications. The concentrations used were 0%, 0.04%, 0.08%, and 0.12% and the FAGA and CCP 76 genotypes. The seeds were immersed in the solutions for 12 hours. Applications were made via the leaves at 30 days after sowing (DAS), with an interval of seven days between each application and at 90 DAS evaluations were made. The FAGA and CCP 76 genotypes showed a positive response to the supply of S. platensis, with concentrations 0.04% and 0.08% which provided greater root length, aerial part length, number of leaves, diameter and leaf area. Concentrations 0.04% and 0.08% also promoted better percentages in the physiology of the CCP 76 genotype, while the FAGA genotype showed opposite action, which may be related to the mode of action of the microalgae on the different genetic and phenotypic characteristics of each genotype. The 0.12% concentration provided greater accumulations of aerial part and total dry mass to the genotypes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2022220042

Safety issues of raw milk: evaluation of bacteriological and physicochemical characteristics of human milk from a bank in a teaching hospital, focusing on Staphylococcus species
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Salerno, Tatiana

; Siqueira, Amanda Keller

; Pinto, José Paes de Almeida Nogueira

; Cunha, Maria de Lourdes Ribeiro de Souza da

; Silvestre, Patrícia Kelly

; Condas, Larissa Anuska Zeni

; Lara, Gustavo Henrique Batista

; Pereira, Juliano Gonçalves

; Silva, Aristeu Vieira da

; Listoni, Fernando José Paganini

; Martins, Lorrayne de Souza Araújo

; Motta, Rodrigo Garcia

; Ribeiro, Márcio Garcia

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2021, Volume 63 elocation e54

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Many infants are nurtured with milk supplied by human banks, whose bacteriological and physical-chemical profiles are a major issue. We investigated the bacteriological and physical-chemical characteristics, as well as genotypic and phenotypic and profiles of Staphylococcus species isolated from 240 samples of breast milk from a bank in a teaching hospital. Dornic acidity of milk revealed that 95.4% (229/240) had acceptable limits (< 8.0 oD). Caloric intake showed a wide variation in cream content (4%), fat (4%) and energy values (559.81 Kcal/L). Staphylococcus (105/186 or 56.5%) and Enterobacter (25/186 or 13.4%) were the most prevalent genera, although other microorganisms were identified, including Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (125/157 or 79.6%), vancomycin (115/157 or 73.2%), and cephalexin (112/157 or 71.3%) were the most effective antimicrobials. High resistance rates of isolates were found to penicillin G (141/157 or 89.8%), ampicillin (135/157 or 86%), and oxacillin (118/157 or 75.2%). Multidrug resistance to ≥ 3 antimicrobials occurred in 66.2% (123/186) of the isolates. Residues of microbial multiplication inhibitory substances were found in 85% (204/240) of samples. Among the coagulase-positive-CPS and negative-CoNS staphylococci, the mecA gene was detected in 53.3% (8/15) and 75% (30/40), respectively. Genes sea, seb and sec were detected in 20% (3/15) of CPS, while tsst-1 was detected in 13.34% (2/15). In addition, 13.3% (2/15) of S. aureus were toxin-producers. Genes sea, seb and sec were detected in 90% (36/40), 5% (2/40) and 15% (6/40) CoNS, respectively. Enterotoxin production was identified in 5% (2/40) of CoNS. The identification of multidrug-resistant bacteria, staphylococci species toxin-producers harboring methicillin-resistance genes, and residues of microbial multiplication inhibitory substances reinforce the need for a continuous vigilance of milk quality offered to infant consumption by human banks.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202163054 198 downloads

Efeitos do Tegumento e teor de água de sementes de Plathymenia reticulata e Stryphnodendron adstringens na tolerância a choques térmicos
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Souza, Cristiele dos Santos

; Paulo, Maiky Lopes

; Cruz, José de Oliveira

; Nunes, Tayara Colins

; Carvalho, Stêfani Karoline Melo

; Nogueira, Eloisa do Vale

; Alves, Ana Carolina Tavora Lima

; Gomes, Anabele Stefânia

; Borghetti, Fabian

Hoehnea

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2021, Volume 48 elocation e012021

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O tegumento e conteúdo de água das sementes podem interferir na sua tolerância a choques térmicos, assim como o seu ambiente de origem. Para testar essas possibilidades, sementes de Plathymenia reticulata e Stryphnodendron adstringens foram coletadas no norte do Estado de Minas Gerais (representando savana seca) e no nordeste do Estado do Mato Grosso (representando savana úmida) do bioma Cerrado, e suas respostas a choques térmicos de 110, 140 e 170 ºC por 2,5 minutos foram avaliadas sob diferentes condições; intactas, escarificadas, e embebidas após escarificação. Sementes escarificadas e embebidas germinaram mais rapidamente para ambas as espécies. Sementes de savana seca apresentaram menor teor de água inicial e germinação mais lenta para ambas as espécies, porém maior tolerância a choques térmicos que sementes de savana úmida. Sementes de P. reticulata não sobreviveram após tratamento de 140 ºC, mas sementes de S. adstringens de savana seca suportaram tratamento de 170 ºC, independentemente de estarem escarificadas e/ou embebidas. Conclui-se que sementes de P. reticulata são menos tolerantes a choques térmicos que sementes de S. adstringens, que sementes secas são mais tolerantes a choques térmicos que sementes embebidas, e que sementes de savanas secas são mais tolerantes a choques térmicos que sementes de ambientes úmidos.

ABSTRACT Seed coat and water content may be direct determinants of seed tolerance to heat shocks, which may also be determined by the origin of the seeds. To check this, seeds of Plathymenia reticulata and Stryphnodendron adstringens were collected in the north of Minas Gerais State (representing a dry savanna) and in the northeast of Mato Grosso State (wet savanna) of the Cerrado biome and subjected to heat shocks of 110, 140 and 170 ºC for 2.5 minutes under three conditions; intact, scarified, and scarified and soaked. Soaked and scarified seeds of both species germinated more quickly. For both species, seeds from dry savanna showed lower initial water content and slower germination, but greater tolerance to heat shocks than seeds from wet savannas. No survival was detected among seeds of P. reticulata after treatment of 140 ºC, while seeds of S. adstringens from dry savannas tolerated treatment of 170 ºC, regardless of being scarified and imbibed or not. We conclude that seeds of P. reticulata have a lower tolerance to heat shock than seeds of S. adstringens, that imbibed seeds are less tolerant to heat shock than non-imbibed seeds and that seeds from dry savannas are more tolerant to heat shock than those from wet savannas

https://doi.org/10.1590/2236-8906-01/2021 2 downloads

Azithromycin and Full-Mouth Scaling For the Treatment of Generalized Stage III and IV Periodontitis: A 6-Month Randomized Comparative Clinical Trial
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Oliveira, Alcione M. S. D.

; Costa, Fernando O.

; Nogueira, Letícia Mara R.

; Cortelli, Sheila C.

; Oliveira, Peterson A. D

; Aquino, Davi R.

; Miranda, Taís B.

; Cortelli, José R.

Brazilian Dental Journal

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Out 2019, Volume 30 Nº 5 Páginas 429 - 436

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A efetividade da azitromicina combinada com a técnica de desinfecção total da boca (DTB) foi comparada a raspagem por quadrante (RQ) utilizando a mesma dosagem de azitromicina no tratamento de indivíduos com periodontite generalizada estágio III e IV, em um período de 6 meses. Trinta e quatro indivíduos foram submetidos aos exames no baseline, 3 e 6 meses pós-tratamento. A população estudada foi alocada aleatoriamente no grupo DTB ou RQ associado a três dias consecutivos de azitromicina (500 mg/dia). Profundidade de sondagem (PS), nível clínico de inserção (NIC), índice gengival (IG) e o índice de placa (IP) foram monitorados, além da quantificação da carga bacteriana total e das espécies bacterianas do complexo vermelho (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia e Treponema denticola), em amostras subgengivais, a partir da reação em cadeia da polimerase em tempo real. O volume de fluido crevicular gengival (FCG) também foi monitorado ao longo do tempo. Os resultados primários foram melhorias de PS e NIC. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente por Análise de variância (ANOVA), comparações múltiplas de diferença menor (LSD), Kruskal-Wallis, Friedman e teste t de Student emparelhado (p<0,05). DTB e RQ forneceram melhorias em PS, NIC, IG, IP e FCG semelhantes. Após o tratamento, o grupo DTB apresentou valores médios mais baixos da carga bacteriana total e de espécies bacterianas do complexo vermelho em comparação com o grupo RQ. DTB e RQ associado a azitromicina sistêmica mostraram ser similarmente uma abordagem terapêutica de curto prazo, eficaz e confiável para o tratamento de periodontite generalizada estágio III e IV. No entanto, DTB demonstrou superioridade sobre os efeitos antibacterianos aos 6 meses em comparação com RQ.

Abstract The effectiveness of azithromycin combined with full-mouth scaling procedures was compared to quadrant-wise scaling combined with the same dosage of azithromycin when treating periodontitis patients over a 6-month period. In this randomized clinical trial study, thirty-four individuals diagnosed with generalized stage III and IV periodontitis underwent baseline, 3-month, and 6-month post-treatment examinations. The study population was randomly assigned to either full-mouth scaling (FMS) or quadrant-wise scaling and root planning (QSRP) in addition to their taking of systemic azithromycin (500 mg/day) for three consecutive days. Periodontal probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival index (GI), and plaque index (PI) were monitored along with the quantification of total bacterial load and red complex bacterial species (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola) in subgingival samples by real time polymerase chain reaction. The volume of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was also monitored over time. The primary outcomes included improvements of PD and CAL. Data was statistically analyzed through a repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, multiple least significant difference (LSD) comparisons, Kruskal-Wallis, Friedman, and paired Student t-tests (p<0.05). FMS and QSRP provided similar PD, CAL, GI, PI, and GCF improvements. After treatment, the FMS group displayed lower mean values of total bacterial load and red complex bacterial species in comparison to the QSRP group. FMS and QSRP in conjunction with systemic azithromycin appeared to be an effective and reliable short-term therapeutic approach for the treatment of generalized stage III and IV periodontitis. However, FMD demonstrated superiority in regard to the 6-month antibacterial effects when compared to QSRP.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201902111 2961 downloads

Acanthocephalan parasites of the flounder species Paralichthys isosceles, Paralichthys patagonicus and Xystreurys rasile from Brazil
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Fonseca, Michelle Cristie Gonçalves da

; Knoff, Marcelo

; Felizardo, Nilza Nunes

; Torres, Eduardo José Lopes

; Di Azevedo, Maria Isabel Nogueira

; Gomes, Delir Corrêa

; Clemente, Sérgio Carmona de São

; Iñiguez, Alena Mayo

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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Jul 2019, Volume 28 Nº 3 Páginas 346 - 359

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Os linguados são peixes comercial e economicamente importantes. Um total de 120 espécimes de linguados (60 Paralichthys isosceles, 30 P. patagonicus e 30 Xystreurys rasile) foram coletados no litoral do estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Os peixes foram medidos, necropsiados, filetados e tiveram seus órgãos investigados para a presença de acantocéfalos. A identificação taxonômica foi baseada em caracteres morfológicos, morfométricos e genéticos. Paralichthys isosceles e P. patagonicus estavam parasitados por acantocéfalos juvenis de Serrasentis sagittifer, Bolbosoma turbinella, Corynosoma australe e C. cetaceum; Xystreurys rasile estava parasitado com C. australe. A caracterização genética confirmou a identificação dos espécimes de Bolbosoma turbinella e Corynosoma australe, como demonstrado por análises filogenéticas usando ambos marcadores moleculares ITS e cox1. Foram analisados os índices parasitários: prevalência, intensidade, intensidade média, abundância, abundância média, amplitude de variação da infecção e sítio de infecção de cada espécie de parasito. Este é o primeiro registro de S. sagittifer parasitando P. isosceles e P. patagonicus, e de B. turbinella parasitando P. patagonicus.

Abstract Flounders are commercially and economically important fish. A total of 120 specimens of flounders (60 Paralichthys isosceles, 30 Paralichthys patagonicus and 30 Xystreurys rasile) were collected off the coast of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The fish were measured, necropsied and filleted, and then had their organs investigated for acanthocephalans. Taxonomic identification of the parasites was based on morphological, morphometric and genetic characters. Paralichthys isosceles and P. patagonicus were parasitized by juveniles of Serrasentis sagittifer, Bolbosoma turbinella, Corynosoma australe and C. cetaceum; Xystreurys rasile was parasitized by C. australe. Genetic characterization confirmed the identification of specimens of Bolbosoma turbinella and Corynosoma australe, as demonstrated by phylogenetic analyses using both ITS and cox1 molecular targets. Parasite indices of prevalence, intensity, mean intensity, abundance, mean abundance, and range of infection, as well as infection site, were evaluated for each parasite species. This is the first report of S. sagittifer parasitizing P. isosceles and P. patagonicus, and B. turbinella parasitizing P. patagonicus.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612019031 1330 downloads

10.

Use of Spirulina platensis in treatment of fish farming wastewater
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Nogueira, Sara Monaliza Sousa

; Souza Junior, José

; Maia, Hudson Damasceno

; Saboya, Jefferson Pablo Sousa

; Farias, Wladimir Ronald Lobo

Revista Ciência Agronômica

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Dez 2018, Volume 49 Nº 4 Páginas 599 - 606

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A cada ano a quantidade de peixes produzidos no mundo é maior, podendo ocasionar sérios impactos ambientais, como o despejo de efluentes no meio ambiente sem tratamento prévio. Este trabalho científico buscou desenvolver a Spirulina platensis em efluentes de piscicultura, um meio de baixo custo para a produção de biomassa, a fim de reduzir os níveis de alguns nutrientes inorgânicos até parâmetros permitidos pelas normas ambientais brasileiras para o descarte de efluentes e que possibilite o reuso desta água. Alevinos de tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) foram produzidos em água doce. O efluente gerado nestes cultivos foi transferido para uma piscina onde foi adicionada água do mar até atingir a salinidade 10‰. Uma cepa da cianobactéria Spirulina platensis foi inoculada na mistura com o objetivo de remover os nutrientes dissolvidos no efluente da piscicultura. Os parâmetros abióticos analisados foram: absorbância, pH, oxigênio dissolvido, temperatura, salinidade e as concentrações de amônia, nitrito, nitrato e fosfato. Os resultados revelaram que a densidade celular máxima de S. platensis resultou na produção de 0,22 g L-1 de biomassa seca e produtividade máxima de 0,03 g L-1 dia-1. As reduções das concentrações de amônia, nitrito, nitrato e fosfato foram superiores a 94,8%, deixando os níveis dos nutrientes dentro dos padrões exigidos pelas normas ambientais brasileiras. Assim, este efluente se tornou apto para reuso na própria produção dos peixes ou ser descartado com segurança na natureza.

ABSTRACT Each year, the amount of fish produced around the world increases, which contributes to several environmental impacts such as the disposal of effluents without treatment in the environment. This scientific work had as main objective the development of Spirulina platensis in fish effluents, a low cost medium for the production of biomass, in order to reduce the levels of some inorganic nutrients to reach the allowed parameters by the Brazilian environmental standards for effluent disposal and to enable reuse of the water. Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings were produced in fresh water. The effluent generated by the culture was transferred to a pool where seawater was added until the salinity of 10 ‰ was reached. A strain of cyanobacteria, Spirulina platensis, was inserted into the mixture in order to remove the nutrients dissolved on the fish culture effluent. The abiotic parameters analyzed were: absorbance, pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature, salinity and concentrations of ammonia, nitrite, nitrate and phosphate. The results revealed that the maximum cellular density of S. platensis resulted in the production of 0.22 g L-1 of dry biomass and maximum productivity of 0.03 g L-1 day-1. The concentration of ammonia, nitrite, nitrate and phosphate got lowered by more than 94.8%, maintaining the nutrient levels within the standards those required by Brazilian environmental standards. Hence, this effluent has become adequate for reuse in fish production or could be safely disposed in nature.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20180068 3387 downloads

11.

Hereditary thrombophilia by factor V Leiden G1691A (heterozygous) and FII prothrombin G20210A (homozygous) mutations in a patient with ischemic cerebrovascular accident
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Ruiz, Leonardo G. P.

; Oliveira, Maria Gabriela L.

; Ruiz, Adriana L. Z.

; Daher, Camila S.

; Nogueira, Mauricio L.

Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial

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Abr 2018, Volume 54 Nº 2 Páginas 92 - 94

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Mutações relacionadas com o fator V de Leiden (G1691A) e a protrombina (G20210A) estão associadas a um significativo aumento do risco de tromboembolismo venoso. Por meio da realização de exames moleculares [metodologia de reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) em tempo real, sistema Genexpert], em pacientes atendidos no Hospital de Base de São José do Rio Preto-SP, Brasil, foi determinada a identificação de uma paciente afetada por episódios de tromboembolismo venoso e portadora dos polimorfismos G1691A (heterozigota) e G20210A (homozigota).

ABSTRACT Mutations related to Factor V Leiden (G1691A) and prothrombin (G20210A) are associated with a significantly increased risk of venous thromboembolism. The identification of a patient affected by episodes of venous thromboembolism and carrier of G1691A (heterozygous) and G20210A (homozygous) polymorphisms was determined by molecular tests [real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methodology, Genexpert system] during attendance at the Base Hospital of São José do Rio Preto-SP, Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1676-2444.20180016 30427 downloads

12.

Evaluation of Distribution and Bioaccumulation of Arsenic by ICP-MS in Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Cultivated in Different Environments
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Oliveira, Luciano H. B.

; Ferreira, Nathália S.

; Oliveira, Andrea

; Nogueira, Ana Rita A.

; Gonzalez, Mario H.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Dez 2017, Volume 28 Nº 12 Páginas 2455 - 2463

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The concentration of arsenic in tissues of tilapia was evaluated and an estimation of the risks associated with the consumption of this fish was done, taking into account the guidelines established by FAO/WHO. The inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) technique in kinetic energy discrimination (KED) mode was employed and certified reference materials were analyzed with recoveries of 101, 110, and 80% from NIST 1640a (trace elements in water), NIST 1566b (oyster tissue), and DORM-3 (fish protein). In the consumable portion (the muscle fish tissue), the average concentration found was 0.030 ± 0.008 µg g-1, which is below the arsenic maximum level established by international regulatory agencies. The average concentration found in the viscera (stomach, gills, and liver) was 0.485 ± 0.225 µg g-1, concluding that the viscera had greater capacity for the bioaccumulation of arsenic. From this study was possible to monitor the arsenic element in different tilapia specimens evidencing its accumulation throughout the body of the fish.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20170101 1150 downloads

13.

MICROEMULSION OF BRAZIL NUT OIL AS A NATURAL PRODUCT TO IMPROVE SUPEROXIDE RELEASE IN HUMAN PHAGOCYTES
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Fiori, Karol Patel

; Torres, Maycon de Paula Ribeiro

; Schons, Jessica Iara

; Ribeiro, Elton Brito

; Nogueira, Roberta Martins

; Vasconcelos, Leonardo G.

; Andrighetti, Carla R.

; Jacinto, Marcos José

; Valladão, Denia M. de S.

Química Nova

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Set 2017, Volume 40 Nº 9 Páginas 1051 - 1057

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The aim of this study was to develop and characterize a Brazil nut oil microemulsion system and determine the effect of this microemulsion on the superoxide release in human phagocytes. The microemulsion was formulated using distilled water, Brazil nut as the oily phase, Sorbitan monooleate, Polysorbate 80, and butan-1-ol. Hydrophile-lipophile balance of Brazil nut oil was determined, pseudoternary diagrams were prepared, and microemulsion diagram regions were preselected. Preliminary and accelerated stability tests, rheological characterization and dynamic light scattering were performed. The immunomodulatory effect of the microemulsion on the interactions with leukocytes was determined by superoxide release. The developed formulations were classified as oil-in-water, showed a Newtonian profile, with linear viscosity and droplet sizes of 46.9; 66.5 and 34.3 nm. When we assessed the interaction of the microemulsion of Brazil nut oil with phagocytes, we observed an increase in superoxide release. Our findings indicate that the developed formulation improved the immunomodulatory activity of the Brazil nut oil, proving to be a natural product option for future applications, in particular for infectious diseases.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170113 1063 downloads

14.

Detection of schistosomiasis in an area directly affected by the São Francisco River large-scale water transposition project in the Northeast of Brazil
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Silva Filho, José Damião da

; Pinheiro, Marta Cristhiany Cunha

; Sousa, Mariana Silva

; Gomes, Vivian da Silva

; Castro, Issis Maria Nogueira de

; Ramos Júnior, Alberto Novaes

; Bezerra, Fernando Schemelzer de Moraes

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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Set 2017, Volume 50 Nº 5 Páginas 658 - 665

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract INTRODUCTION: The development of the São Francisco River Integration Project [Projeto de Integração do Rio São Francisco (PISF)] in the State of Ceará, Brazil, has resulted in environmental and socioeconomic changes with potential risks to public health. We aimed to determine the presence of Schistosoma mansoni infections in schoolchildren (aged 7-14 years) and workers from the construction site in an area under the direct influence of the PISF in the municipality of Brejo Santo-CE, to aid in the prevention and control of schistosomiasis. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study using two S. mansoni-detection methods: detection of S. mansoni eggs by the Kato-Katz parasitological method in stool samples (assessed in triplicate for each sample) and S. mansoni circulating cathodic antigen by the point-of-care immunochromatographic rapid test (POC-CCA) in urine. RESULTS In general, the positivity rates for S. mansoni detection were 1.9% (2/106) among schoolchildren and 2.9% (4/138) among workers. No child had evidence of S. mansoni eggs in their stools; 1.9% tested positive by the POC-CCA method. Among workers, two (1.4%) tested positive by the Kato-Katz test and three (2.2%) by the POC-CCA test. If the POC-CCA test results that were scored as traces were considered negative, then the positivity rates dropped to 0.9% and 0.7% for schoolchildren and workers, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The active transmission of schistosomiasis in a region covered by the PISF was recognized, reinforcing the necessity to consolidate surveillance and control actions, as well as structural sanitation measures to reverse the social determinants of the disease.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0299-2017 1638 downloads

15.

Hourly interaction between wind speed and energy fluxes in Brazilian Wetlands - Mato Grosso - Brazil
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RODRIGUES, THIAGO R.

; CURADO, LEONE F.A.

; PEREIRA, VINICIUS M.R.

; SANCHES, LUCIANA

; NOGUEIRA, JOSÉ S.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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Dez 2016, Volume 88 Nº 4 Páginas 2195 - 2209

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Matter and energy flux dynamics of wetlands are important to understand environmental processes that govern biosphere-atmosphere interactions across ecosystems. This study presents analyses about hourly interaction between wind speed and energy fluxes in Brazilian Wetlands - Mato Grosso - Brazil. This study was conducted in Private Reserve of Natural Heritage (PRNH SESC, 16º39'50''S; 56º47'50''W) in Brazilian Wetland. According to Curado et al. (2012), the wet season occurs between the months of January and April, while the June to September time period is the dry season. Results presented same patterns in energies fluxes in all period studied. Wind speed and air temperature presented same patterns, while LE was relative humidity presented inverse patterns of the air temperature. LE was predominant in all seasons and the sum of LE and H was above 90% of net radiation. Analyses of linear regression presented positive interactions between wind speed and LE, and wind speed and H in all seasons, except in dry season of 2010. Confidence coefficient regression analyses present statistical significance in all wet and dry seasons, except dry season of 2010, suggest that LE and H had interaction with other micrometeorological variables.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201620150130 1429 downloads

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