ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the clinical presentation of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) and hypomineralization of second primary molars (HSPM), including the distribution patterns of presence and severity of lesions, and to investigate the association of risk factors during the pre-and postnatal period with the presence of lesions. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 160 individuals (72 with MIH/HSPM and 88 without lesions). The symmetry analysis regarding the presence and severity of MIH/HSPM was evaluated in pairs of homologous and opposite teeth. Sociodemographic and medical information was obtained using a detailed questionnaire. Data were analyzed by means of chi-square tests, Student’s t-test, and logistic regression (p<0.05). Results: Symmetry of presence and severity of hypomineralization lesions were present in homologous permanent teeth in 53.8% and 70.5% of cases, respectively, with statistically significant results only for the symmetrical pattern of severity of MIH lesions in the maxillary first molars (p=0.016) and mandibular first molars (p=0.02). Otherwise, a non-symmetric presence was statistically significant in homologous second primary molars (p=0.002) and opposite primary and permanent teeth (p≤0.001). An association between MIH/HSPM and systemic diseases during pregnancy and children medication was found (p<0.05); however, no evidence was found between these and MIH/HSPM severity. Conclusion: The symmetric pattern of severity of MIH lesions was statistically significant in permanent homologous teeth. Risk factors during pre and postnatal periods may be related to MIH/HSPM; however, these do not seem to interact with severity. Objective (MIH HSPM, HSPM , (HSPM) preand Methods crosssectional cross sectional 16 72 (7 MIHHSPM 8 . lesions) questionnaire chisquare chi square tests Students Student s ttest, ttest t test, test t-test p<0.05. p005 p p<0.05 0 05 (p<0.05) Results 538 53 53.8 705 70 5 70.5 cases respectively p=0.016 p0016 016 (p=0.016 p=0.02. p002 p=0.02 02 (p=0.02) Otherwise nonsymmetric non p=0.002 p0002 002 (p=0.002 p≤0.001. p0001 p≤0.001 001 (p≤0.001) however Conclusion (HSPM 1 7 ( p00 p<0.0 (p<0.05 53. 70. p=0.01 p001 01 (p=0.01 p=0.0 (p=0.02 p=0.00 p000 00 (p=0.00 p≤0.00 (p≤0.001 p0 p<0. (p<0.0 (p=0.0 p=0. p≤0.0 (p≤0.00 p<0 (p<0. (p=0. p=0 p≤0. (p≤0.0 p< (p<0 (p=0 p= p≤0 (p≤0. (p< (p= p≤ (p≤0 (p (p≤

Aim To determine new energy parameters in micro-CT to allow appropriate segmentation of dental cementum from the surrounding structures. Methods For this pilot study, 11 single-rooted premolar teeth of young subjects aged 12 to 21 were selected. The teeth were scanned using high-energy microtomography (SkyScan 1173, Bruker) with varying acquisition energies (60, 70, and 80 kV). Each tooth was scanned three times. The images were reconstructed and analyzed by calculating the volume (mm3) of dental cementum in the cervical, middle, and apical root thirds among the different scanned stacks. The mean cementum volume in the root thirds was obtained, and correlated with the patient’s age, using Pearson’s correlation. Results The mean age of the patients in the sample was 16,73 years. For the 60kV energy, the cementum volumes were 1.01 mm3, 1.00 mm3, and 0.58 mm3, for the cervical, middle, and apical thirds, respectively. For 70kV, it was 1.08 mm3, 1.20 mm3, and 0.71 mm3 for the respective thirds. And for 80kV,0.55 mm3, 0.91 mm3, and 0.67 mm3 for the respective thirds. Conclusion An acquisition energy of 70kV resulted in the best segmentation and reproducibility of the results. Micro-CT can be a useful tool to non-destructively evaluate the dental cementum. microCT micro CT structures study 1 singlerooted single rooted 2 selected highenergy high SkyScan 1173 Bruker 60, 60 (60 70 8 kV. kV . kV) times mm (mm3 cervical middle stacks obtained patient s Pearsons Pearson correlation 1673 16 73 16,7 years 101 01 1.0 100 00 058 0 58 0.5 respectively 108 08 120 20 1.2 071 71 0.7 80kV055 80kV 55 80kV,0.5 091 91 0.9 067 67 0.6 results MicroCT Micro nondestructively non destructively 117 6 (6 7 (mm 167 16, 10 1. 05 5 0. 07 80kV05 80kV,0. 09 9 06 ( 80kV0 80kV,0 80kV,

Abstract To assess the in vitro and in situ effect of experimental combined fluoride and calcium nanocomposite solutions on dental caries prevention. Nanocompound mesoporous silica (MS) with calcium (Ca) and sodium fluoride (NaF) - (MSCaNaF); MS with NaF (MSNaF), NaF solution (positive control), and deionized water (negative control - CG) were studied. The specimens (n=130) were submitted in vitro to a multispecies biofilm in the presence of 2% sucrose. After 24 h and 48 h, the culture medium pH, the percent of surface mineral loss (%SML), and lesion depth (ΔZ) were analyzed. In the in situ study, 10 volunteers participated in four phases of 7-days each. The products were applied on the specimens (n=240) before 20% sucrose solution drips. The polysaccharides (SEPS and IEPS), %SML and roughness (Sa) were evaluated. There was an in vitro decrease in pH values in 24h and 48h, compared to baseline. The MSCaNaF and MSNaF groups obtained lower values of %SML and ΔZ (p < 0.05) than CG and NaF after 24h and were similar to NaF after 48h (p<0.05). In situ results showed similar SEPS and IEPS among all groups after 48h. An after 7-days, the nanocomposites had similar values (p>0.05), while NaF was similar to CG (p>0.05). After 48h, the MSCaNaF and MSNaF reduced the %SML (p<0.05). After 7-days, both experimental nanocomposites were similar to NaF (p>0.05). Regarding Sa, MSCaNaF was better than NaF for both periods (p<0.05). The nanocomposites controlled the in vitro and in situ enamel demineralization, mainly in the initial periods. prevention (MS Ca (Ca (NaF (MSCaNaF) MSNaF, , (MSNaF) positive control, control) negative studied n=130 n130 n 130 (n=130 2 4 %SML, SML (%SML) (ΔZ analyzed study 1 7days days 7 each n=240 n240 240 (n=240 20 drips IEPS, IEPS) Sa (Sa evaluated baseline p 0.05 005 0 05 p<0.05. p005 p<0.05 . (p<0.05) 7days, days, p>0.05, p>0.05 (p>0.05) p>0.05. demineralization (MSCaNaF (MSNaF n=13 n13 13 (n=13 (%SML n=24 n24 (n=24 0.0 00 p00 p<0.0 (p<0.05 p>0.0 (p>0.05 n=1 n1 (n=1 n=2 n2 (n=2 0. p0 p<0. (p<0.0 p>0. (p>0.0 n= (n= p<0 (p<0. p>0 (p>0. (n p< (p<0 p> (p>0 (p< (p>

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the agreement of images in white light (WL), fluorescence (FL), and digital radiographs (DR), on the diagnosis and treatment decisions for occlusal caries lesions against a micro-CT gold standard. Material and Methods: Ten extracted third molars, with enamel and/or dentin caries (ICDAS 2-4), were included. Occlusal surface images were acquired with an intraoral camera (SoproLife®) in WL and FL modes. DR was obtained using an intraoral X-ray and a semi-direct digital system. A total of 780 images were needed, organized in a template, to be later examined by twenty-six dentists invited to compose the study. The Generalized Estimation Equations model was used to compare the proportions of the correct answers between the three methods and the gold standard. When significant, Bonferroni post-hoc test was used to identify differences (α=5%). Results: Most of the examiners were specialists (76.9%) with 14.5 years of experience. All diagnostic methods were similar and showed low agreement (DR 12.7%, WL 16.5%, and FL 16.5%) compared with gold standard caries diagnostic scores. Regarding treatment decisions, mean agreement for all diagnostic methods was higher (43.2%; p<0.001), and among all methods, WL (48.1%) and FL (51.2%) modes performed better than DR (30.4%, p<0.001). Conclusion: SoproLife® images could help clinicians to propose rational, minimally invasive treatments for occlusal caries lesions. Objective WL, , (WL) FL, (FL) DR, (DR) microCT micro CT Methods molars andor or ICDAS 24, 24 2 4 2-4) included SoproLife (SoproLife® Xray X ray semidirect semi direct system 78 needed template twentysix twenty six study significant posthoc post hoc α=5%. α5 α α=5% . 5 (α=5%) Results 76.9% 769 76 9 (76.9% 145 14 14. experience 127 12 7 12.7% 165 16 16.5% scores 43.2% 432 43 (43.2% p<0.001, p0001 p p<0.001 0 001 p<0.001) 48.1% 481 48 1 (48.1% 51.2% 512 51 (51.2% 30.4%, 304 30 (30.4% p<0.001. Conclusion rational (WL (FL 2-4 (SoproLife α=5 (α=5% 76.9 (76.9 12.7 16.5 43.2 (43.2 p000 p<0.00 00 48.1 (48.1 51.2 (51.2 30.4% 3 (30.4 2- α= (α=5 76. (76. 12. 16. 43. (43. p00 p<0.0 48. (48. 51. (51. 30.4 (30. (α= (76 (43 p0 p<0. (48 (51 30. (30 (α (7 (4 p<0 (5 (3 ( p<

ABSTRACT Objective: To associate caregivers' sense of coherence (SOC) and untreated caries with oral health status in children covered by a dental public health system. Material and Methods: A convenience sample of caregivers/children in Angra dos Reis, Brazil, was surveyed. Caregivers' SOC was evaluated using the 13-question version questionnaire. For both caregivers/children, sociodemographic information was acquired and caries experience was evaluated by DMFT/dmft and PUFA/pufa index. Statistical associations between children's untreated carious teeth and interest variables from the caregivers were evaluated by binary logistic regression assessed by generalized linear modeling. Results: A total of 233 pairs of caregivers-children were included. Children's untreated permanent and primary carious teeth represented 34.8% and 62.2% of the caries experience, respectively and at least one PUFA/pufa scored tooth was detected in 22.7% of them. Caregivers' DMFT was 13.5±7.0, while 33.6% scored on PUFA. A total of 62.1% of them presented untreated carious lesions. Results from the univariate model, correlating children's untreated caries and caregivers' attributes showed a statistical significance for SOC values (p<0.015), untreated decayed teeth (p<0.035), self-perception of oral health (p<0.022) and oral impact on daily performance (p<0.010). The multivariate logistic first model kept the statistical significance only for the caregiver's untreated decayed teeth. Conclusion: Caregivers' SOC and untreated carious teeth could be used as indicators of dental treatment needs in their offspring. Objective (SOC system Methods caregiverschildren Reis Brazil surveyed Caregivers 13question question 13 questionnaire DMFTdmft dmft PUFApufa PUFA pufa index childrens s modeling 23 included Childrens Children 348 34 8 34.8 622 62 2 62.2 227 22 7 22.7 13570 5 0 13.5±7.0 336 33 6 33.6 621 1 62.1 lesions p<0.015, p0015 p p<0.015 , 015 (p<0.015) p<0.035, p0035 p<0.035 035 (p<0.035) selfperception self perception p<0.022 p0022 022 (p<0.022 p<0.010. p0010 p<0.010 . 010 (p<0.010) caregiver Conclusion offspring 3 34. 62. 22. 1357 13.5±7. 33. p001 p<0.01 01 (p<0.015 p003 p<0.03 03 (p<0.035 p<0.02 p002 02 (p<0.02 (p<0.010 135 13.5±7 p00 p<0.0 (p<0.01 (p<0.03 (p<0.0 13.5± p0 p<0. (p<0. 13.5 p<0 (p<0 13. p< (p< (p

RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar a associação entre os indicadores da qualidade do pré-natal e os desfechos neonatais em maternidades. Método: Estudo transversal de base hospitalar, em quatro maternidades referências para alto risco nas cinco macrorregiões de saúde habilitadas na Rede Cegonha no Ceará-Brasil. Realizou-se entre abril de 2017 e julho de 2018, entrevista com 440 puérperas, por amostragem probabilística simples e fórmula com populações finitas e estratificação de cada maternidade. A análise envolveu o Qui-Quadrado de Pearson, Análise de Resíduos Ajustados e Exato de Fisher. Resultados: Nota-se associação entre menor número de consultas com prematuridade e baixo peso ao nascer. Parto na maternidade de residência da mulher esteve associada com baixo peso ao nascer e necessidade de suporte ventilatório. Conclusão: Indicadores de qualidade do pré-natal influenciaram os desfechos neonatais, o que afirma a importância da garantia de acesso e qualidade da assistência como formas de reduzir a morbimortalidade infantil. Objetivo prénatal pré natal Método hospitalar CearáBrasil. CearáBrasil Ceará Brasil. Brasil Ceará-Brasil Realizouse Realizou se 201 2018 44 puérperas QuiQuadrado Qui Quadrado Pearson Fisher Resultados Notase Nota ventilatório Conclusão infantil 20 4 2

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the association between prenatal care quality indicators and neonatal outcomes in maternity hospitals. Method: Hospital-based cross-sectional study in four high-risk referral maternity hospitals in the five health macro-regions enabled by the Stork Network in Ceará-Brazil. Between April 2017 and July 2018, 440 puerperal women were interviewed using simple probabilistic sampling and a formula with finite populations and stratification of each maternity hospital. The analysis involved Pearson's Chi-Square, Adjusted Residuals Analysis and Fisher's Exact. Results: There was an association between fewer consultations with prematurity and low birth weight. Delivery in the maternity hospital where the woman lived was associated with low birth weight and the need for ventilatory support. Conclusion: Prenatal care quality indicators influenced neonatal outcomes, which underlines the importance of ensuring access and quality of care as ways of reducing infant morbidity and mortality. Objective Method Hospitalbased Hospital based crosssectional cross sectional highrisk high risk macroregions macro regions CearáBrazil. CearáBrazil Ceará Brazil. Brazil Ceará-Brazil 201 2018 44 Pearsons Pearson s ChiSquare, ChiSquare Chi Square, Square Chi-Square Fishers Fisher Exact Results support Conclusion mortality 20 4 2

RESUMEN Objetivo: Verificar la asociación entre los indicadores de calidad de la atención prenatal y los resultados neonatales en las maternidades. Método: Estudio transversal de base hospitalaria en cuatro maternidades de referencia de alto riesgo en las cinco macrorregiones sanitarias autorizadas por la Red Cigüeña en Ceará-Brasil. Entre abril de 2017 y julio de 2018, se entrevistaron 440 puérperas mediante muestreo probabilístico simple y fórmula con poblaciones finitas y estratificación de cada maternidad. El análisis involucró Chi-Cuadrado de Pearson, Análisis de Residuos Ajustados y Exacto de Fisher. Resultados: Hubo asociación entre menor número de consultas con prematuridad y bajo peso al nacer. El parto en el hospital de maternidad donde vivía la mujer se asoció con el bajo peso al nacer y la necesidad de asistencia ventilatoria. Conclusión: Los indicadores de calidad de la atención prenatal influyeron en los resultados neonatales, lo que subraya la importancia de garantizar el acceso y la calidad de la atención como formas de reducir la morbimortalidad infantil. Objetivo Método CearáBrasil. CearáBrasil Ceará Brasil. Brasil Ceará-Brasil 201 2018 44 ChiCuadrado Chi Cuadrado Pearson Fisher Resultados ventilatoria Conclusión infantil 20 4 2

Abstract Objective: To investigate the association between caries experience and school performance among children and adolescents living in an island community without fluoridated water supply and to compare data according to the type of attended school (full-time or part-time). Material and Methods: A cross-sectional oral health survey in a convenience sample of students (n=147) attending four public schools was performed. Students were examined by one calibrated dentist in the school environment to the obtain prevalence of dental caries (DMFT/dmft) and its consequences using the PUFA/pufa index. Self-reported oral health behavior was also accessed. Data from each student’s school performance and absenteeism were extracted from official sources and the school performance was classified into “good” and “fair”. The final sample consisted of 120 students. Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, chi-square tests and binary logistic regression were performed to evaluate collected data. Results: Students´ age ranged between 5 to 19 years (10±4.3). DMFT/dmft mean were 1.3 (±2.3) and 3.05 (±3.4), respectively. Conclusion: Participants from the full-time school presented better oral health status than their peers in the part-time schools (p<0.05). A significant association was found between the prevalence of caries-free participants and good school performance when the factor age range was controlled (OR=2.87). Moreover, attendance to full-time schools appeared to be a protective factor for good oral health conditions.

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in arresting dentin caries lesions when applied under different concentrations and times. Material and Methods: Forty-two bovine blocks were selected and fixed in 24-well plates. Each well received a mixed bacterial inoculum added to the culture medium with 5% sucrose. The plates were incubated in microaerophilia (7 days) for caries formation, confirmed by micro-CT (M1). SDF was applied over the carious lesions for different times and concentrations (n=6): SDF 30% - immediate removal, 1 minute and 3 minutes; SDF 38%, - immediate removal, 1 minute and 3 minutes. The group without treatment was the control. Then, the samples were again scanned by micro-CT (M2) and submitted to a second cariogenic challenge for 21 days. Then, a final scan was performed (M3). Results: Mean pH at the culture medium and lesion depth were compared using Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon tests. 38% SDF showed the lowest metabolic activity of the biofilm. All 38% groups and 30% 1 and 3 minutes did not show an increase in mean lesion depth comparing M3 with M1. However, only 30% 3 minutes and 38% 1 and 3 minutes showed a significant reduction of lesion depth. Conclusion: The minimum application time of 30% SDF to arrest dentin caries lesion was 1 minute, while 38% SDF arrested with application and immediate removal.

RESUMO Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito in vitro de uma única aplicação de soluções experimentais de nanocompósitos na prevenção de cárie dentária em braquetes ortodônticos. Os espécimes foram expostos a nanocompósitos de sílica mesoporosa (MS) contendo fluoreto por associação com tetrafluoreto de titânio (TiF4) ou fluoreto de sódio (NaF). Os nanocompósitos também podem conter cálcio e os grupos foram descritos como MSCaTiF4, MSTiF4, MSCaNaF, MSNaF e controles (TiF4 e NaF). Os espécimes foram submetidos à formação de um biofilme multiespécie para gerar um desafio cariogênico. Após 24h, o pH e a concentração de flúor solúvel total do meio de cultura foram avaliados. A perda mineral foi avaliada pela porcentagem de perda mineral superficial (% SML), variação do volume mineral (ΔZ) do esmalte interno e microscopia de luz polarizada (PL). A rugosidade superficial linear (Ra) e volumétrica (Sa) e a microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) foram utilizadas para avaliar a topografia do esmalte. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas considerando p <0,05. MSNaF apresentou o maior valor de pH do meio de cultura após o desafio cariogênico, semelhante ao MSTiF4. Todas as soluções de nanocompósitos liberaram menos flúor do que seus controles NaF e TiF4 (p <0,05). Todas as soluções de nanocompósitos apresentaram% SML menor em comparação com seus respectivos grupos de controle (p <0,05). Ra, Sa e ΔZ menores foram observados para os grupos experimentais em comparação ao TiF4 (p <0,05). Os resultados foram confirmados por análises PL e SEM. As soluções experimentais de nanocompósitos contribuíram para a menor desmineralização do esmalte ao redor dos braquetes ortodônticos.

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro effect of a single application of experimental nanocomposite solutions on the prevention of dental caries around orthodontic brackets. The specimens were exposed to mesoporous silica (MS) nanocomposites containing fluoride by association with titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) or sodium fluoride (NaF). Nanocomposites also could contain calcium and groups were described as MSCaTiF4, MSTiF4, MSCaNaF, MSNaF, and controls (TiF4, and NaF). Specimens were subjected to the formation of a multispecies biofilm to generate a cariogenic challenge. After 24h, both pH and total soluble fluoride concentration of the culture medium were assessed. Mineral loss was evaluated by percentage of surface mineral loss (%SML), mineral volume variation (ΔZ) of inner enamel and polarized light microscopy (PL). Linear (Ra) and volumetric (Sa) surface roughness and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) were used to assess enamel topography. Statistical analyses were conducted considering p<0.05. MSNaF had the highest value of culture medium pH after cariogenic challenge, similarly to MSTiF4. All nanocomposite solutions released less fluoride than their controls NaF and TiF4 (p<0.05). All nanocomposite solutions presented lower %SML compared to their respective control groups (p<0.05). Lower Ra, Sa and ΔZ were observed for experimental groups compared to TiF4 (p<0.05). The results were confirmed by PL and SEM analysis. The experimental nanocomposite solutions contributed for lower enamel demineralization around orthodontic brackets.

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the endodontic instrumentation outcomes with asymmetrical files compared to reciprocating and hand files (HFs) in 3D-printed prototypes of upper primary incisors using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). For this purpose, 50 prototypes were randomly divided (n = 10) according to the instrumentation technique as follows: HFs, a reciprocating file (WaveOne® Gold [WOG]), and three asymmetrical movement files: XP-Endo® Shaper (XPS), XP-Endo® Finisher (XPF), and XP Clean (XPC). The specimens were scanned and, after registration of the baseline and instrumented volumes, changes in the root canal volume (RCV), debris accumulation, removed root material volume (RRMV), non-instrumented areas, and the presence of cracks/perforations were quantified. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance and Student’s t-test, while the effect size was calculated for statistically significant outcomes. All groups showed an increase in RCV after instrumentation (p < 0.05), but this was higher with HFs (p < 0.05). Accumulated debris was higher for WOG and XPS (p < 0.05), but WOG exhibited more in the medium and apical third areas. HFs showed the highest RRMV (p < 0.05), especially at the apical third. The non-instrumented areas were lower for HFs and XPC than for the other systems (p < 0.05). Cracks were present in a few WOG (n = 2) and HF specimens (n = 3) and in this group, one of the cracked specimens and two others showed perforations. The asymmetric systems resulted in conservative dentin removal and fewer cracks/perforations as compared to HFs and a reciprocation file in prototyped primary upper incisors. XPC showed the best compromise between RRMV and non-instrumented areas with a low accumulation of debris.

Abstract Objective: To verify the concordance in the evaluation of the apical limit of obturation (ALO) in filled root canals of primary teeth between digital and visual methods. Material and Methods: Twenty periapical radiographs of endodontically treated primary teeth were digitalized and evaluated by an endodontics specialist (E1), a PhD pediatric dentist (E2), and a MSc general dentist (E3). Calibrated evaluators (Kappa = 1.00) analysed the images in a light-isolated environment two times (D1 and D2) with a one-week interval between evaluations. ALO scores were categorized as overfilled, flush-filled and underfilled. Results: The intra-rater reliability between methods was 0.82 (D1) and 0.75 (D2) for E1, 0.93 (D1 and D2) for E2, and 0.94 (D1 and D2) for E3. Inter-rater reliability ranged from 0.71 (E1 × E3) and 1.00 (E1 × E2) for the visual method to 0.76 (E1 × E3) and 0.88 (E1 × E2) for the digital method. Spearman correlation coefficients showed a similar ranking among the evaluators. There was greater disagreement among the underfilled and ideal scores. For all evaluators, the digital method favoured the identification of the ideal score. Conclusion: Both methods are suitable for the determination of the ALO of filled primary teeth and can be used in clinical practice.

Abstract Objective: To compare the immediate microleakage of carious fissures sealed with a caries infiltrant covered by a flowable composite or solely with a flowable composite. Material and Methods: Extracted carious molars (n=20) were selected and paired among the experimental groups according to caries progression scores. Experimental groups (n=10) were divided according to the following sealing techniques: 1) caries infiltrant (Icon) + flowable composite (Z350 flow); 2) flowable composite (Z350 flow). Specimens were immersed in 3% methylene blue and evaluated in a stereomicroscope. Microleakage scores were attributed independently by two calibrated evaluators and the mode value was considered as the mean for the specimen. Binomial tests were used to test differences between two independent sample proportions at 5% significance level. Results: In the flowable composite group, a higher prevalence of dye penetration along the full depth of the fissure was observed, compared with caries infiltrant + flowable composite (p<0.05). For specimens showing dye penetration up to half of the fissure, in caries infiltrant + flowable composite group, all specimens showed dye penetration into the sealant, but not over the infiltrant. Conclusion: Using caries infiltrant as sealing material under a flowable composite cover is effective to improve the immediate sealing ability in carious fissures compared to sealing with flowable composite.

ABSTRACT Initiatives directed at managing information on aquatic plants can support different areas of scientific research, educational practices and political decisions for sustainable management and protection of wetlands and natural resources, as well as reveal knowledge gaps regarding aquatic plants and wetlands. Furthermore, such initiatives can contribute directly to consolidating wetland classification systems in Brazil. The objectives of this work are to present and explore the use of a data repository and online platform created specifically for the management of data on aquatic plants in Brazil. The data repository for aquatic plants was developed to store information on species occurrence records in a standardized form considering: systematics, taxonomy, habit, life form, geographic distribution, hydrographic basin, wetland, bibliographic references and herbarium material. A total of 3,903 records referring to the Southeast Region of Brazil were generated for the data repository. This total encompassed 1,036 species distributed among 132 families and 466 genera. Our results illustrate the diversity of information available regarding aquatic plants, circumscribe this group of species and serve as a source of data about them. Similar databases and electronic infrastructures can be developed for other flora in the future.

Abstract The aim of this study was to check the in vitro accuracy of ICDAS criteria on digital images compared to visual examination for the diagnosis of occlusal caries against a micro-CT gold standard. ICDAS was scored in 40 extracted permanent molars by means of visual inspection and stereomicroscopic images. Visual examinations were performed in duplicate and at a one-week interval by three different calibrated examiners. The analysis of digital images by ICDAS criteria was also performed in duplicate, 1 month after visual examinations. The detection methods were compared by means of sensitivity, specificity, area under the curve, predictive positive and negative values, and accuracy for two different thresholds (1- sound vs. carious teeth; 2- tooth requiring operative vs. non-operative treatment). Sensitivity and accuracy values for threshold 1 in the visual ICDAS and image-based ICDAS methods were high for sensitivity (0.93 and 0.97) and for accuracy (0.83 and 0.85), but low for specificity (0.55 for both methods). Specificity values for threshold 2 were 0.77 and 0.82, while sensitivity was 0.33 and 0.28 for each method. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was 0.53 and 0.43 (p<0.05) for visual and image-based ICDAS compared to the gold standard scores. Both visual and image-based ICDAS scores were similar to each other in terms of diagnostic accuracy when compared to the micro-CT gold standard. Low specificity for the presence of caries and sensitivity for the detection of caries requiring operative treatment were found.