ABSTRACT Mobile phones (MPs) have become an important work tool around the world including in hospitals. We evaluated whether SARS-CoV-2 can remain on the surface of MPs of first-line healthcare workers (HCW) and also the knowledge of HCWs about SARS-CoV-2 cross-transmission and conceptions on the virus survival on the MPs of HCWs. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit of a teaching hospital. An educational campaign was carried out on cross-transmission of SARS-CoV-2, and its permanence in fomites, in addition to the proper use and disinfection of MPs. Herewith an electronic questionnaire was applied including queried conceptions about hand hygiene and care with MP before and after the pandemic. The MPs were swabbed with a nylon FLOQ Swab™, in an attempt to increase the recovery of SARS-CoV-2. All MP swab samples were subjected to SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR; RT-PCR positive samples were subjected to viral culture in Vero cells (ATCC® CCL-81™). Fifty-one MPs were swabbed and a questionnaire on hand hygiene and the use and disinfection of MP was applied after an educational campaign. Most HCWs increased adherence to hand hygiene and MP disinfection during the pandemic. Fifty-one MP swabs were collected and two were positive by RT-PCR (4%), with Cycle threshold (Ct ) values of 34-36, however, the cultures of these samples were negative. Although most HCWs believed in the importance of cross-transmission and increased adherence to hand hygiene and disinfection of MP during the pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in MPs. Our results suggest the need for a universal policy in infection control guidelines on how to care for electronic devices in hospital settings.

Abstract Objective: To describe the causal agents, prevalence of antimicrobial resistance, and risk factors associated with extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing agents in urinary tract infections (UTIs). Materials and methods: A retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Monterrey, Mexico. Inclusion criteria were patients that clinically presented with a UTI and had a positive urine culture, within the time frame of March to October 2017. The association with ESBL-producing agents was determined through the Χ2 test for categorical variables. Statistical significance was set at a p <0.05, utilizing SPSS version 20.0 software. Results: A total of 353 positive urine cultures were confirmed. ESBL production was found in 21.5% of the strains. There was a high level of resistance (>50%) to amoxicillin-clavulanate, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, fosfomycin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and moderate resistance (10-50%) to gentamicin and ceftriaxone. Amikacin, ertapenem, nitrofurantoin, and colistin had the lowest resistance rates (<10%). The ESBL-producing agents were associated with complicated UTI (p≤0.0001). The comorbidities associated with ESBL-positive UTIs were diabetes mellitus (p=0.02) and immunodeficiency (p=0.008), as was having undergone radiotherapy (p=0.025) and previous antibiotic use (p≤0.001). Limitations: The clonal relationship of isolates, especially of E. coli, was not analyzed. We could not establish whether there was a high level of genetic diversity between the isolates or whether independent acquisition or cross-transmission occurred. Value: We evaluated the epidemiologic characteristics of the ESBL-producing agents in UTIs at a Mexican tertiary care hospital. Conclusions: One out of every five UTIs was caused by ESBLs in our study population. There was a high level of resistance to the antibiotics used as first-line empiric therapy in the patients studied.

Resumen Objetivo: Describir los agentes causales, la prevalencia de resistencia a antibióticos y determinar factores de riesgo asociados con agentes productores de betalactamasa de espectro extendido (BLEE) en las infecciones del tracto urinario (ITU). Materiales y métodos: Realizamos una cohorte retrospectiva en un hospital de III Nivel en Monterrey, México. Se incluyeron pacientes con clínica de ITU de marzo a octubre del 2017 con urocultivo positivo. Se determinó la asociación con agentes productores de BLEE, utilizando la prueba Χ2 para variables categóricas y la prueba T para variables continuas. La significancia estadística se estableció en p <0.05 utilizando SPSS versión 20.0. Resultados: 353 urocultivos positivos fueron recabados. La producción de BLEE se encontró en 21.5%. Altas resistencias a amoxicilina-clavulanato (75%) y moderada resistencia a gentamicina, aztreonam, ceftriaxona, ciprofloxacina, levofloxacina, fosfomicina y trimetoprima-sulfametoxazol fueron encontradas. Los agentes BLEE se asociaron con ITU complicada (p = <0.0001) y se asociaron con DM2 (p = 0.02), inmunodeficiencia (p = 0.008), radioterapia (p = 0.025) y uso previo de antibióticos (p = <0.001). Limitaciones: La relación clonal de los aislamientos, especialmente de E. coli, no se analizó. No podemos establecer si hubo diversidad genética entre los aislamientos y si ocurrió adquisición independiente o transmisión cruzada. Valor: Evaluamos las características epidemiológicas de los agentes productores de BLEE en ITU en un hospital de III Nivel de México. Conclusiones: Una de cada cinco ITU es causada por agentes BLEE en nuestra población. Existe una alta resistencia a los antibióticos usados como terapia empírica en nuestra población.

RESUMO O transplante de células tronco hematopoiéticas (TCTH) é o único tratamento disponível para o envolvimento neurológico de doenças como a leucodistrofia metacromática (MLD), a mucopolissacaridose tipo I-Hurler (MPS-IH) e a adrenoleucodistrofia (CALD). Objetivos Descrever a sobrevida e os desfechos neurológicos após o TCTH nessas doenças. Métodos Sete pacientes CALD, 2 MLD e 2 MPS-IH realizaram TCTH entre 2007 e 2014. Avaliações neurológicas, ressonância nuclear magnética e estudos bioquímicos e moleculares foram feitos no baseline e repetidos quando apropriado. Resultados Desfechos favoráveis foram obtidos em 4/5 TCTH de doadores relacionados e em 3/6 não relacionados. Dois pacientes faleceram de complicações do procedimento. Nove transplantados sobreviveram após uma mediana de 3,7 anos: estabilização neurológica foi obtida em 5/6 CALD, ½ MLD e em um caso MPS-IH. As lesões encefálicas de um caso MPS-IH reduziram-se quatro anos após o TCTH. Conclusão Bons desfechos foram obtidos quando o TCTH foi feito antes da vida adulta, cedo no curso clínico e/ou a partir de um doador relacionado.

ABSTRACT Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only available treatment for the neurological involvement of disorders such as late-onset metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD), mucopolysaccharidosis type I-Hurler (MPS-IH), and X-linked cerebral adrenoleukodystrophy (CALD). Objective To describe survival and neurological outcomes after HSCT for these disorders. Methods Seven CALD, 2 MLD and 2 MPS-IH patients underwent HSCT between 2007 and 2014. Neurological examinations, magnetic resonance imaging, molecular and biochemical studies were obtained at baseline and repeated when appropriated. Results Favorable outcomes were obtained with 4/5 related and 3/6 unrelated donors. Two patients died from procedure-related complications. Nine transplanted patients were alive after a median of 3.7 years: neurological stabilization was obtained in 5/6 CALD, 1/2 MLD, and one MPS-IH patient. Brain lesions of the MPS-IH patient were reduced four years after HSCT. Conclusion Good outcomes were obtained when HSCT was performed before adulthood, early in the clinical course, and/or from a related donor.

Abstract: Microbial communities in the rhizosphere are important in nutrition and plant health. In this research, culturable native bacterial populations in the roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) var. Tecoanapa rhizosphere were evaluated in the growth stages of initial growth, bud development and flowering at the locations: Las Ánimas, Saucitos, Pueblo Largo, Santa Rosa and Xalpatláhuac in the Tecoanapa county, Guerrero in southern México. Rhizobacteria antagonistic to Phytophthora parasitica was characterized in vitro phenotypically and genotypically. The total bacterial population density in the rhizosphere was log 3.50 and 6.56 CFU g-1 root. The comparative study between sites showed that the average root CFU g-1 in the early growth stage was statistically highest (P > 0.05), and both magnesium (r = 0.92) and phosphorus content in the soil (r = 0.80) were significantly correlated with CFU values. According to the in vitro evaluation antagonism of 450 bacterial isolates to P. parasitica, we selected the 18 most efficient strains. The selected bacteria expressed lipolytic and proteolytic enzyme activity: 88.8 % produced siderophores, 44.4 % produced indole-3-acetic acid, and 72.2 % solubilized phosphates. Out of these 18 isolates, six strains expressed the five activities related with antagonism or growth promoters. Strains (n = 18) were genetically identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) by amplification and sequencing of the 16S rDNA region with primers 27F and 1492R. The genus identified in roselle rhizosphere with antagonist activity to P. parasitica and plant growth promotion were Serratia, Pseudomonas and Stenotrophomonas with a homology of 99 %. This is the first study that has been published on native culturable bacterial communities in the roselle rhizosphere.

Resumen: Las comunidades microbianas en la rizosfera son importantes en la nutrición y sanidad de las plantas. En esta investigación se estudiaron las poblaciones bacterianas cultivables nativas en la rizosfera de jamaica (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) var. Tecoanapa en los estados fenológicos de crecimiento inicial, desarrollo de botones florales y floración, en las localidades: Las Ánimas, Saucitos, Pueblo Largo, Santa Rosa y Xalpatláhuac municipio de Tecoanapa, Guerrero, con el objetivo de caracterizar fenotípica y genotípicamente rizobacterias antagonistas in vitro a Phytophthora parasitica. La densidad de población bacteriana total en la rizosfera fue log 3.50 y 6.56 UFC g-1 de raíz. El estudio comparativo entre sitios mostró que el promedio de UFC g-1 de raíz en la etapa de crecimiento inicial fue estadísticamente mayor (P > 0.05) y que el magnesio (r = 0.93) y el fósforo en el suelo (r = 0.81) tienen una correlación significativa con los valores de UFC. El antagonismo de 450 aislados bacterianos a P. parasitica mediante ensayos in vitro generó 18 cepas bacterianas eficientes. La caracterizaron de las bacterias mostró que 100 % de ellas expresaron actividad enzimática lipolítica y proteolítica, 88.9 % produjeron sideróforos, 44.4 % produjeron ácido indol-3-acético, y 72.2 % solubilizaron fosfatos. De las 18 cepas iniciales, seis expresaron las cinco actividades relacionadas con el antagonismo o promoción del crecimiento. Las cepas (n = 18) se identificaron genéticamente por la técnica de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR, por sus siglas en inglés) mediante la amplificación y secuenciación de la región 16S rADN con los iniciadores 27F y 1492R. Los géneros identificados en la rizosfera de jamaica y con actividad antagonista a P. parasitica y promotoras del crecimiento vegetal fueron Serratia, Pseudomonas y Stenotrophomonas con una homología del 99 %. Este estudio es el primero que se ha publicado sobre las comunidades bacterianas cultivables nativas en la rizosfera de jamaica.

The distribution and frequency of organisms associated with the "black leg" of roselle was studied in 2011 in Guerrero, where 12 commercial plots were evaluated. The identification was based on cultural characteristics and taxonomic keys. Molecular characterization was performed by amplifying the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) of the rDNA. The isolated organisms were Phytophthora parasitica, Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium incarnatum, Fusarium solani, Phomopsis longicolla, Glomerella cingulata and Colletotrichum truncatum. P. parasitica was the most frequent specie (72.4 %), distributed in 10 of the 12 sites, followed by F. oxysporum widely distributed but with low frequency (10.6 %), M. phaseolina was isolated from four sites with frequency 10.9 %. F. incarnatum, F. solani, P. longicolla, G. cingulata and C. truncatum showed low frequency (0.4 to 2.4 %) and distribution. Molecular analysis corroborated the identification of organisms. In pathogenicity tests, P. parasitica, M. phaseolina and F. incarnatum were pathogenic. This is the first report in Mexico for M. phaseolina and F. incarnatum as pathogen of roselle.

Se estudió la distribución y frecuencia de organismos asociados a la "pata prieta" de la jamaica en Guerrero durante el 2011, se evaluaron 12 parcelas comerciales. La identificación se hizo con base en características culturales y claves taxonómicas. La caracterización molecular se efectuó amplificando la región intergenética transcripcional (ITS) del rDNA. Los organismos aislados fueron Phytophthora parasitica, Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium incarnatum, Fusarium solani, Phomopsis longicolla, Glomerella cingulata y Colletotrichum truncatum.La mayor frecuencia (72.4 %) se obtuvo con P. parasitica distribuido en 10 de 12 sitios, seguido por F. oxysporum de amplia distribución pero de baja frecuencia (10.6%), M. phaseolinase aisló de cuatro sitios con frecuencia de 10.9 %. F. incarnatum, F. solani, P. longicolla, G. cingulata y C. truncatum presentaron baja frecuencia y distribución (0.4 a 2.4 %). Los análisis moleculares corroboraron la identificación de los organismos. En pruebas de patogenicidad, P. parasitica, M. phaseolina y F. incarnatum fueron patogénicos. Este es el primer reporte en México para Macrophomina phaseolinay Fusarium incarnatumcomo patógenos de la jamaica.

In order to determine the phytosanitary quality of dried roselle calyxes (Hibiscus sabdariffa) marketed in the Costa Chica region of Guerrero, Mexico, 49 samples of dried and stored calyxes were collected in two packing plants. On average, the calyxes had a moisture content of 14.74 %, and 56.1% of calyxes had the presence of spots on the surface and/or blight on the tips. Based on morphological and molecular characteristics, the fungi was isolated and identified into 16 genera of fungi. The common isolates were Aspergillus, Alternaria, Nodulisporium, Chaetomiumand Thielavia. The quality level of the calyxes was significantly affected by the disease incidence (α=0.05); likewise, the frequency of the incidence of the different isolates also varied between storage units (α=0.1). The storage temperature showed significant correlations with the following variables: relative humidity (r=-0.967), light intensity (r=0.449), moisture level of calyxes (r=0.352) and incidence of diseased calyxes (r=0.281); the correlation between the number of isolated genera and their frequency was negative (r=-0349).

Con el objetivo de determinar la calidad fitosanitaria de los cálices de jamaica (Hibiscus sabdariffa) comercializados en la región de la Costa Chica de Guerrero, México, se colectaron 49 muestras de cálices deshidratados y almacenados en dos centros de acopio. Los resultados mostraron un contenido de humedad promedio de 14.74 % y una incidencia promedio de cálices con presencia de manchas en la superficie y/o tizón en las puntas del 56.1 %. Con base en la caracterización morfológica y molecular se aislaron e identificaron 16 géneros de hongos. Los géneros más frecuentes fueron Aspergillus, Alternaria, Nodulisporium, Chaetomiumy Thielavia. Se determinó una diferencia en la incidencia de cálices enfermos, lo que determinó los diferentes niveles de calidad (α=0.05); asimismo, se registraron diferencias significativas en la frecuencia de géneros aislados entre ambos almacenes (α=0.1). La temperatura de almacenamiento mostró correlaciones significativas con las siguientes variables: humedad relativa (r=-0.967), luminosidad (r=0.449), humedad de los cálices (r=0.352) e incidencia de cálices enfermos (r=0.281); la correlación entre el número de géneros aislados y su frecuencia fue negativa (r=-0.349).

Captures of the coffee berry borer (CBB) Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) were assessed in traps in the field. IAPAR designed traps [plastic bottles (2 L) lured with methanol:ethanol (1:1) in a vessel] were placed either at 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5m high from the ground or simultaneously tested in the 2004 fructification season. Traps placed at the three heights trapped 5.5 times more CBB than the others, mostly at the traps placed at 0.5 m (75%). Treatments using the IAPAR designed trap placed at 1.2 m high; IAPAR trap with a white plastic plate above (IAPAR modified I) at 1.2 m high; IAPAR at 0.5 m high and two additional vessels at 1.0 and 1.5m high (IAPAR modified II) and T-163 trap [three red plastic cups (300 ml) and a red plastic plate as a cover] lured with M:E (1:1) at 1.2m height were compared in the vegetative (2005) and fructification (2006) periods. IAPAR modified II (dispenser vessels placed at 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 m) trapped more beetles than the remaining types (2.72 times more beetles than IAPAR design); and IAPAR modified I traps trapped more beetles than T 163 and IAPAR traps in the vegetative period. In the reproductive period, IAPAR modified II trapped less beetles than IAPAR and IAPAR modified I. In 2007 vegetative season, IAPAR modified II trap were compared with IAPAR trap and trapped 2.8 times more beetles. The positive responses to a vertical distribution of the volatile attractants in the vegetative period of the planting allow the development of more efficient trapping systems for CBB.

Armadilhas iscadas com semioquímicos têm sido propostas para manejo da broca-do-café. O cafeeiro é cultivado em condições ambientais diversas que podem afetar a eficiência das armadilhas. Vários modelos de armadilha e variações nos modelos são utilizados. Uma série de experimentos de campo objetivou avaliar capturas da broca-do-café em armadilhas numa lavoura de café semi-adensado no Norte do Paraná. Uma garrafa plástica (2 L) com uma abertura (13 × 18 cm) constituiu a armadilha. O etanol (E), metanol (M) e óleo de café, sozinhos, não incrementaram as capturas quando se utilizaram armadilhas transparentes com um frasco difusor com furo de 2 mm; armadilhas iscadas com as misturas 1 : 1, 1 : 2 e 1 : 3 de etanol (E) + metanol (M) capturaram quantidades similares e superiores à testemunha; sinergismo ocorreu pela mistura de etanol e metanol; a adição do óleo de café às misturas não incrementou as capturas. Armadilhas com taxas de liberação da mistura E:M (1:1) de 342, 400, 428 e 710 mg dia-1 capturaram quantidades similares. Armadilhas verdes transparentes, transparentes e vermelhas, iscadas com E:M (1:1) (642 mg dia-1) capturaram quantidades similares. Foi observada interação entre as cores (verde transparente, transparente, vermelha) e taxas de liberação dos semioquímicos (540, 720 e 1100 mg dia-1). Armadilhas verdes transparentes, quando iscadas com doses de 720 mg dia-1 da mistura 1:1 de E:M, capturaram 2,3 e 4,4 mais insetos do que 540 e 1100 mg dia-1; e capturaram 3,2 mais insetos do que armadilhas transparentes e vermelhas.

Traps lured with semiochemical have been proposed to manage the coffee berry borer, coffee planting is however made under several environmental conditions that may affect the efficacy of traps. Several trap designs and variations were proposed and, therefore, a series of field experiments was carried out to capture coffee berry bores in traps disposed in a low density coffee plantations in the Northern part of the State of Paraná, Brazil. Traps were composed of plastic bottles (2 L) with a window (13 × 18 cm). Ethanol (E), Methanol (M) and coffee oil alone did not improve the capture when transparent traps with a 2 mm hole in the vial dispenser were used; traps lured with E : M mixtures (1:1, 1:2, 1:3) caught similar and higher number of insects than the control. There was synergism with the mixing of E and M; the addition of coffee oil to the mixtures did not improve the capture. Trap lured with E : M (1:1) mixtures at 342, 400, 428 and 710 mg caught similar numbers of insects. Transparent green trap, transparent trap and red trap lured with 642 mg day-1 of the E + M (1:1) mixture caught similar numbers of insects. Interaction between colors (transparent green, transparent and red) and semiochemical release rates (540, 720 and 1100 mg day-1) was observed. Transparent green trap, when lured with 720 mg day-1 of the 1 : 1 E : M mixture caught 2.3 and 4.4 times more insects than 540 and 1100 mg day-1; and caught 3.2 times more insects than transparent and red trap at the same release rates.

As populações do percevejo marrom, Euschistus heros (F.), são normalmente controladas com inseticidas fosforados e ciclodienos (endossulfam). A ocorrência de casos de insucesso de E. heros, o percevejo mais comum nas regiões produtoras de soja do Paraná, São Paulo e da Região Central do Brasil, tem levado à investigação da resistência a esses inseticidas. Com essa finalidade foi avaliada a suscetibilidade de adultos provenientes de campos de soja, aos inseticidas endossulfam, monocrotofós e metamidofós. A população mais suscetível aos três inseticidas foi coletada em Londrina. A população mais resistente ao endossulfam (TR= 8,7) e ao metamidofós (TR= 2,7) foi proveniente de Pedrinhas Paulista (SP); para monocrotofós a população mais resistente foi coletada em Centenário do Sul (PR) (TR= 3,1). Percevejos E. heros provenientes de Toledo (PR) apresentaram níveis de suscetibilidade ao metamidofós comparáveis aos de Londrina (PR).

The Neotropical brown stink bug, Euschistus heros (F.), is usually controlled by organophosphate (OP) and cyclodiene (endosulfan) insecticides. Some unsuccessful control cases lead us to search for resistance to these insecticides in E. heros, the most common stink bug in the soybean growing regions of Paraná State, São Paulo State and Central Region of Brazil. Bioassays were performed with endosulfan, monocrotophos and metamidophos against adults. The most susceptible population was found in Londrina. Populations from Pedrinhas Paulista (SP) showed the highest resistance ratio (RR) to endosulfan (RR= 8.7) and metamidophos (RR=2.7); resistance to monocrotophos was detected on bugs from Centenário do Sul (PR) (RR= 3.1). Stink bugs collected from Toledo (PR), showed susceptibility to metamidophos comparable to those from Londrina.

Avaliou-se em laboratório o efeito de diferentes concentrações de ácido bórico sobre a atividade do vírus de poliedrose nuclear (VPN) da lagarta-da-soja, Anticarsia gemmatalis Hüb., através da sua incorporação na dieta do inseto. O ácido bórico foi testado nas concentrações de 0,020,0,030,0,045,0,067 e 0,101 gramas/100 ml de dieta. A concentração letal média (CL50) do VPN isoladamente, calculada no sétimo dia após a infecção, foi de 1,52 x 10(5) corpos poliédricos de inclusão (CPI)/ml de dieta, enquanto que, para a suspensão adicionada de 0,045 g de ácido bórico, foi de 7,95 x 10² CPI/ml de dieta. Em datas subsequentes de avaliação (9, 11 e 14 dias da infecção) os valores da CL da mistura foram cerca de quatro vezes inferiores aos obtidos com o VPN isoladamente. O tempo letal médio (TL50) do VPN isoladamente, na dose de 250 CPI/ml de dieta, foi de 13,6 dias, enquanto que para doses crescentes do ácido bórico, em mistura com o VPN, o TL50 variou de 13,7 dias (0,02g de ácido bórico/100 ml de dieta) a 7,4 dias (O,101 g de ácido bórico/100 ml de dieta). Portanto, a adição de ácido bórico ao VPN aumentou a virulência do patógeno para A gemmatalis e diminuiu seu tempo de atuação sobre o inseto.

Boric acid concentrations (0.02,0.03,0.045,0.067 and 0.101 g/100 ml of diet) were evaluated in combination with the Anticarsia gemmatalis Hüb. nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AgNPV) for enhanced virali activity against the insect. Seven days after inoculation, the median lethal concentration (LC50) was 1.52 x 10(5) for the AgNPV alone and 7.95 x 10² for the NPV mixed with 0.045g of boric acid/100 ml of diet. At subsequent evaluation dates (9,11 and 14 days after inoculation) LC50's for NPV+boric acid were ca. 4x lower than those observed for the NPV alone. The median lethal time (LT50) was 13.6 days when the NPV was used alone, while, when in mixture with increasing concentrations of boric acid, LT50 values ranged from 13.7 days (boric acid at 0.02g/100 ml of diet) to 7.4 days (boric acid at 0.101 g/ml of diet). Therefore, boric acid added to the AgNPV significantly increased A. gemmatalis larval mortality and shortened mortality time by the pathogen.

Avaliou-se a resistência ao bicudo Anthonomus grandis Boh. ao tripes Frankliniella sp. e ao pulgão do algodoeiro Aphis gossypii Glover, dos genótipos do algodoeiro (Gossypium hirsutum) Sicot 3, Oklahoma Red, Siocra, Paraná 3 e da cultivar IAC-20 (testemunha). Para o bicudo foram feitas quatro avaliações, observando-se, diretamente nas plantas, botões com puncturas de alimentação e/ou oviposição. Para tripes e pulgões foram avaliadas, 32 dias após a emergência, plantas mortas e/ou comprometidas pelo ataque. Na primeira avaliação, Sicot 3 apresentou 4,6 % de botões atacados, enquanto a IAC-20 apresentou 48,1 %; 130 dias após a emergência, o número de botões atacados foi semelhante em todos os genótipos. Oklahoma Red apresentou o menor número (3,0%) de plantas comprometidas e/ou mortas pelo ataque de tripes e pulgões, enquanto IAC-20 apresentou 21,0 %.

Resistance to boll weevil Anthonomus grandis, Frankliniella sp. and Aphis gossypii on five genotypes of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) was evaluated. Four evaluations for boll weevil were conducted observing punctured buds. Resistance to thrips and greenbug was evaluated 32 days after emergence, observing dead or damaged plants. First evaluation showed 4.6 % attacked buds in Sicot 3 and 48.1 % in IAC-20; 130 days after emergence, buds of all genotypes were equally damaged. Oklahoma Red showed only 3.0 % of dead or damaged plants due to thrips and greenbug attack, while IAC-20 presented 21.0 % of damaged plants.