We report the development of copolymers based on 2-vinylpyridine with different porosity degrees. The copolymers were quaternized with methyl iodide and acrylonitrile to introduce quaternary ammonium groups on pyridine units. To prepare charge transfer complexes, the unmodified copolymers and their derivatives quaternized were impregnated with iodine. The antibacterial properties of all the polymers were evaluated ranging from of the Escherichia coli strain. The unmodified copolymers did not have antibacterial activity against E.Coli suspensions. The quaternization with methyl iodine and acrylonitrile increased the biocidal performance of these copolymers, but only the copolymer with the lowest porosity modified with methyl iodine showed significant bactericidal action for all E. Coli concentrations. The 2-vinylpiridine copolymers quaternized and impregnated with iodine had higher antibacterial activity than the impregnated ones. The charge transfer complexes derived from the copolymer with the lowest porosity and highest swelling capacity in water had the best bactericidal performance.

Quaternary ammonium salts are the corrosion inhibitors most frequently used by the oil industry. In this study, the ultraviolet fluorescence technique was evaluated for the analysis of a quaternary ammonium salt in water as a corrosion inhibitor. The comparison with standard salt showed that an alkyl aryl quaternary ammonium salt is the main fluorophore, with emission maxima at 306 and 593 nm. The best instrumental parameters were: width of excitation and emission slits of 10 and 15 nm, respectively, and scan rate of 10 nm min-1. The presence of aromatic compounds and biocides affects the analysis of corrosion inhibitors.

We report the development of two copolymers based on 2-vinylpyridine, styrene and divinylbenzene (2Vpy-Sty-DVB) with different porosity degrees. The copolymers were subsequently quaternized with methyl iodide. To prepare charge transfer complexes, the unmodified copolymers and their derivatives quaternized with methyl iodine were impregnated with iodine. The antibacterial properties of the polymers were evaluated in dilutions ranging from 10² to 10(7) cells/mL of the auxotrophic OHd5-K12 Escherichia coli strain. It was possible to obtain materials with complete antibacterial activity even in the highest cell concentrations tested.

Commercial copolymers based on styrene and divinylbenzene containing sulfonic acid groups were used as support for the incorporation of silver nanoparticles. These nanoparticles were obtained in situ by the reduction of Ag+ by using hydroxylamine in the presence of a protective agent. These materials were characterized with determination of the silver content and their morphological characteristics. The antibacterial activity of the final products against Escherichia coli was evaluated and the results show that the synthesized copolymers had antibacterial effect varying from 54 to 100%. The most efficient composite was made with small, well distributed particles.

A técnica de ultrafiltração foi empregada no processamento de suco de banana (Musa sapientum, shum.) visando sua clarificação e remoção da polifenoloxidase. O módulo consistiu de uma célula plana, com escoamento transversal e 14,6cm² de área de membrana. Em função do peso molecular da enzima foram utilizadas duas membranas poliméricas de poli(éter-sulfona) com pesos moleculares de corte de 10 e 30kDa. O suco clarificado apresentou coloração amarela, elevada translucidez e aspecto atrativo. A membrana com peso molecular de corte de 30kDa apresentou um fluxo permeado superior ao da membrana de 10kDa. A atividade da enzima polifenoloxidase foi reduzida em 97,5 e 96,2% para as membranas de peso molecular de corte de 10 e 30kDa, respectivamente. O emprego de uma etapa de limpeza com solução cloro-alcalina permitiu a recuperação do fluxo permeado inicial, sendo um indicativo da possibilidade de reutilização da membrana.

Ultrafiltration was used to process banana juice (Musa sapientum, shum.) to promote its clarification and polyphenoloxidase remotion. The module consisted in a flat plate unit, with transversal flow and 14,6cm² membrane area. Due enzyme molecular weight two poly(ether-sulfone) membranes were employed, with different molecular weight cut off of 10 and 30kDa. Clarified juice showed yellow color, high translucity and attractive aspect. The 30kDa cut off membrane showed a higher permeated flux than 10kDa membrane. Polyphenoloxidase activity was reduced in 97,5 and 96,2% for 10 and 30kDa membranes, respectively. A cloro-alkaline cleaning promoted permeated flux recuperation and membrane reuse.