In silico and in vitro tests can reveal promising anti-leishmania activity for natural products and their derivatives. The aim of this study was to investigate in silico the pharmacological activities of potential new chalcones and their leishmanicidal potential in vitro. The in silico study was carried out using the PASS, MolPredictX and Molegro Virtual Docker 6.0 programs. Antiparasitic activity was assessed in axenic promastigote and amastigote forms of Leishmania braziliensis. The cytotoxicity tests used the J77G8 cell line. The chalcones exhibited 50% cytotoxic concentration values (CC50) values > 50 μM. Chalcone 4 (named FERAI) presented the best activity with concentration for 50% of promastigotes and intracellular parasites forms (EC50) of 9.75 ± 1.7 and 10.13 ± 1.7 μM for promastigote and amastigote, respectively. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) testing presented increased ROS levels in the parasite at the FERAI concentrations of 10 μM (56.33%), 20 μM (61.76%) and 30 μM (67.13%). Molecular docking revealed interactions (binding energy) between FERAI and the enzymes UDP-glycosyl pyrophosphorylase (-56.8384), dihydroorotate-dehydrogenase (-132.276) and trypanothione-reductase (-151.281). Our results demonstrated the anti-leishmanial activity of chalcones, especially FERAI, with a noted raising of ROS levels in the parasite. Molecular docking revealed dihydroorotate dehydrogenase and trypanothione reductase as potential pharmacological targets for FERAI. antileishmania anti leishmania derivatives PASS 60 6 0 6. programs braziliensis JG J G J77G line CC50 CC (CC50 5 named EC50 EC (EC50 975 9 75 9.7 17 1 7 1. 1013 13 10.1 respectively (ROS 56.33%, 5633 56.33% , 56 33 (56.33%) 2 61.76% 6176 61 76 (61.76% 3 67.13%. 6713 67.13% . 67 (67.13%) binding energy UDPglycosyl UDP glycosyl 56.8384, 568384 56.8384 8384 (-56.8384) dihydroorotatedehydrogenase 132.276 132276 132 276 (-132.276 trypanothionereductase 151.281. 151281 151.281 151 281 (-151.281) antileishmanial leishmanial CC5 (CC5 EC5 (EC5 97 9. 101 10. 563 56.33 (56.33% 61.76 617 (61.76 671 67.13 (67.13% 56838 56.838 838 (-56.8384 132.27 13227 27 (-132.27 15128 151.28 15 28 (-151.281 (CC (EC 56.3 (56.33 61.7 (61.7 67.1 (67.13 5683 56.83 83 (-56.838 132.2 1322 (-132.2 1512 151.2 (-151.28 56. (56.3 61. (61. 67. (67.1 568 56.8 8 (-56.83 132. (-132. 151. (-151.2 (56. (61 (67. (-56.8 (-132 (-151. (56 (6 (67 (-56. (-13 (-151 (5 ( (-56 (-1 (-15 (-5 (-

Abstract Three SAR-derived observations of dark surface patches along the Northeastern Brazilian coastline by the end of 2019 were misreported in the Brazilian media as oil spill-related. Unfortunately, these observations were misled by false positives or look-alikes. Therefore, this paper aims to technically evaluate these look-alike classes by analyzing image attributes found to be helpful to the identification of ocean targets, including oil spills, rain cells, biofilms, and low wind conditions. We use image augmentation to extend our dataset size and create the probability density function curves. The processing includes image segmentation, optimal attribute extraction, and classification with random forest classifiers. Our results contrast with the open-source oil spill detection system and patch classifier methodology called “RIOSS.” Analysis of the feature probability density functions based on optimal attributes is promising since we could capture most of the false positive targets in the three SAR-reported images in 2019. The only exception was the biofilm slick observed on October 28th, where the RIOSS mistakenly classified this organic patch as a low wind region with oil spots. This pitfall is acceptable at this project stage since we had only five biogenic film samples to train the algorithm.

Abstract The crude oil that reached the Brazilian coast in 2019 was the most significant environmental disaster ever recorded in Brazilian marine waters, with severe ecological and economic repercussions not fully dimensioned and understood. One consequence of this kind of oil spill is the absorbed dose delivered to marine organisms. The biota exposure to radiation can introduce consequences that range from fertility decrease to death of exposed population. Therefore, the current study aims to use the ICRP reference organisms (flatfish, crab, and brown seaweed) to assess marine biota exposure due to uranium and thorium series radiation. The oil spill scenario, as well as the reference biota, were simulated in MCNP. Thorium series stood out for presenting a significant contribution to the dose. Furthermore, it was noticed that a remedial action capable of removing Tl-208 would significantly decrease the effects of radiation on marine biota. Finally, dose conversion coefficients for both uranium and thorium series were obtained as oil activity concentration functions. The results obtained here can be used in an oil spill event along with other worldwide recognized models. In addition, the dose coefficients can be used strategically to assess the maximum exposure time for emergency oil control, removal, and mitigation.

Doenças crónicas são de longa duração, de progressão lenta e induzem alterações na vida das pessoas, que são confrontadas com um conjunto de fatores que exercem um impacto negativo na sua qualidade de vida (QdV). A QdV é um conceito envolvendo componentes essenciais da qualidade humana: físicas, psicológicas, sociais, culturais e espirituais. Após o diagnóstico e com a doença estabilizada, os doentes procuram novas formas de lidar com esta. Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar fatores psicossociais preditivos (otimismo, afeto positivo e negativo, adesão aos tratamentos, suporte social e espiritualidade) da QdV (bem-estar geral, saúde física, saúde mental) e bem-estar subjetivo (BES) em pessoas com doenças crónicas. Amostra constituída por 774 indivíduos [30% diabetes, 27,1% cancro, 17,2% diabetes, 12% epilepsia, 11,5% esclerose múltipla e 2,2% miastenia, 70,5% do sexo feminino, idade M(DP)=42,9(11,6), educação M(DP)=9,6(4,7), anos diagnóstico M(DP)=12,8(9,7), classificação da doença M(DP)=6,6 (2,8)], recrutados nos hospitais centrais portugueses. Aplicando Modelos de Equações Estruturais e ajustando para variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas, verificou-se que, pessoas mais otimistas, mais ativas e com uma melhor adesão aos tratamentos apresentam um melhor bem-estar geral, uma melhor saúde mental e um melhor bem-estar subjetivo; uma melhor adesão aos tratamentos contribui para uma melhor saúde física; melhor suporte social reflete-se numa melhor saúde mental; pessoas com mais espiritualidade apresentam uma melhor saúde física e uma melhor saúde mental. Estas conclusões contribuem para a definição de uma terapia que pode ajudar a uma melhor adaptação dos protocolos de tratamento para atender às necessidades dos doentes.

Chronic diseases are long-lived, slow progression and induce changes in the lives of people, who are confronted with a set of factors that have a negative impact on their quality of life (QoL). The QoL is a concept involving essential components of human quality: physical, psychological, social, cultural and spiritual. After diagnosis and with stable disease, patients try to find new ways to deal with their new condition. This study aimed to identify predictive psychosocial factors (optimism, positive and negative affect, treatment adherence, social support and spirituality) QoL (general well-being, physical health, mental health) and subjective well-being (SWB) in people with chronic diseases. The sample of 774 subjects [30 % diabetes, 27.1 % cancer, 17.2 % diabetes, 12 % epilepsy, 11.5 % multiple sclerosis and 2.2 % gravis, 70.5 % female, age M(SD)=42.9(11.6), education M(SD)=9.6(4.7) years diagnosed M(SD)=12.8(9.7), disease classification M(SD)=6.6(2.8)], was recruited from the Portuguese central hospitals. Applying Structural Equation Modeling and adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical variables, it was found that more optimistic people, more active and with a better treatment adherence, have better overall well-being, better mental health and better subjective well-being; better treatment adherence contributes to better physical health, better social support reflected in better mental health, people with more spirituality have better physical health and better mental health. These findings contribute to the development of a therapy that can help to better adaptation of treatment protocols to meet the needs of patients.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar híbridos, oriundos de hibridações controladas entre 'Folha Murcha' x 'Ponkan' e testá-los quanto à resistência a Alternaria alternata f. sp. citri. As plântulas foram obtidas via cultura in vitro de embriões. Utilizou-se o marcador molecular fAFLP para identificação dos híbridos e, em seguida, realizou-se o teste de patogenicidade nos híbridos com isolados de Alternaria alternata f. sp. citri, em condições de laboratório. Os pares de primers EcoRI AAG - MseI CAG e EcoRI ACC - MseI CAA foram os mais eficientes na identificação dos híbridos, os quais identificaram 48,5% de híbridos. Os híbridos F64, F108, F111, F113, F131 e F139 são potencialmente resistentes a Alternaria alternata f. sp. citri.

The objective of this work was to identify hybrids obtained from controlled crossings between 'Folha Murcha' x 'Ponkan', and to check their resistance to Alternaria alternata f. sp. citri. The seedlings were obtained by in vitro embryo culture. The fAFLP marker technique was used to identify the hybrids, then laboratory pathogenicity test of the hybrids was accomplished with Alternaria alternata f. sp. citri isolates. The pairs of primers EcoRI AAG - Msel CAG and EcoRI ACC - Msel CAA were the most efficient for hybrids identification, and distinguished 48.5% of hybrids. Hybrids F64, F108, F111, F113, F131 and F139 showed potential resistance to the Alternaria alternata f. sp. citri.

Os autores relatam o caso de uma paciente com espasmo hemifacial e impressão basilar associados a malformação de Arnold-Chiari. Com a descompressão cirúrgica da fossa posterior, empregada no tratamento da impressão basilar, houve melhora do quadro clínico e o espasmo hemifacial se reduziu quanto à frequência, duração e intensidade. É enfatizada a necessidade do tratamento etiológico do espasmo hemifacial, antes de se recorrer à toxina botulínica.

The authors report a case of symptomatic basilar impression and Arnold-Chiari malformation being presented as the first symptom of hemifacial spasm. The surgical treatment of the malformation resulted in inprovement of the clinical manifestation with reduction of the hemifacial spasm. The need for the aetiological therapy for the hemifacial spasm is emphasized, before symptomatic treatment with botulinum toxin is tried.