Abstract Background Patients with kidney disease on Hemodialysis (HD) are susceptible to Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) due to multiple risk factors. Aim This study aims to report the prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 among patients on hemodialysis before vaccination in Brazil and to compare with clinical, demographic, and laboratory data. Methods Blood samples from 398 Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients treated in three different private institutions in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil were submitted to the total anti-SARS-CoV-2 testing. Kidney, liver, and hematological markers were also determined. Respiratory samples were tested by real-time PCR for SARS-CoV-2 RNA and positive samples were subjected to high-throughput sequencing on the MinION device. Results Overall, anti-SARS-CoV-2 prevalence was 54.5 % (217/398) and two individuals had SARS-CoV-2 RNA with variant B.1.1. High anti-SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was found in male gender and those with hospital admission in the last 3-months before the inclusion in the study. Lower red blood cell count was observed in the anti-SARS-CoV-2 seropositive group. High levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 were found in those who reported symptoms, had low levels of eosinophils and low hematocrit, and who practiced physical activity. Conclusion High prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 was found in CKD patients before the universal immunization in Brazil suggesting that dialysis patients were highly exposed to SARS-CoV-2. HD (HD COVID19 COVID 19 (COVID-19 factors SARSCoV2 SARSCoV SARS CoV 2 SARS-CoV- clinical demographic data 39 (CKD State antiSARSCoV2 antiSARSCoV anti anti-SARS-CoV- testing liver determined realtime real time highthroughput high throughput device Overall 545 54 5 54. 217/398 217398 217 (217/398 B11 B 1 B.1.1 3months months 3 group symptoms hematocrit activity SARSCoV2. 2. COVID1 (COVID-1 SARS-CoV anti-SARS-CoV 217/39 21739 21 (217/39 B1 B.1. (COVID- 217/3 2173 (217/3 B.1 (COVID 217/ (217/ B. (217 (21 (2 (

Abstract This report describes a case of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in a child that evolved with a pattern of toxic shock syndrome with coronary artery ectasia and neurological involvement, documented by magnetic resonance imaging, with changes in the corpus callosum and myopathy in the pelvic girdle and paravertebral musculature.

RESUMO OBJETIVO: O papilomavírus humano (HPV) é o vírus sexualmente transmissível mais prevalente no mundo, estando a infecção por este agente associada a um aumento do risco do câncer de colo uterino. A abordagem mais eficaz para o controle desse tipo de câncer continua sendo a triagem por meio do exame preventivo (Papanicolaou). Este estudo analisa o conhecimento de estudantes universitárias de cursos da área da saúde, bem como cursos de graduação de outras áreas do conhecimento com relação a questões importantes sobre o HPV. MÉTODO: Quatrocentas e setenta e três estudantes universitárias responderam a um questionário que avaliava os conhecimentos sobre a infecção pelo HPV, o câncer de colo do útero e o exame preventivo. Após análise descritiva, foi feita a análise multivariada por regressão logística para identificação dos fatores associados à informação sobre o HPV/câncer de colo do útero. RESULTADOS: O conhecimento das universitárias foi maior para questões simples relacionadas ao HPV e ao exame preventivo, mas foi menor para as correlações do HPV com verrugas genitais e com o câncer de colo do útero. Ser aluna da área da saúde e ter alta renda foram fatores associados ao maior conhecimento. Somente uma minoria das participantes reconheceu todas as situações que aumentavam o risco de infecção pelo HPV apresentadas no questionário. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados evidenciam a necessidade de realização de campanhas educativas sobre a infecção pelo HPV, do seu potencial como agente de câncer do colo uterino e as formas de prevenção disponíveis.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most prevalent sexually transmitted virus in the world and is associated with an increased risk of cervical cancer. The most effective approach to cervical cancer control continues to be screening through the preventive Papanicolaou test (Pap test). This study analyzes the knowledge of university students of health science programs as well as undergraduate courses in other areas of knowledge on important questions regarding HPV. METHOD: Four hundred and seventy-three university students completed a questionnaire assessing their overall knowledge regarding HPV infection, cervical cancer, and the Pap test. A descriptive analysis is presented, and multivariate analysis using logistic regression identified factors associated with HPV/cervical cancer information. RESULTS: Knowledge was higher for simple HPV-related and Pap test questions but was lower for HPV interrelations with genital warts and cervical cancer. Being from the health science fields and having high income were factors associated with greater knowledge. Only the minority of the participants recognized all the situations that increased the risk of virus infection presented in the questionnaire. CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the need for educational campaigns regarding HPV infection, its potential as a cervical cancer agent and the forms of prevention available.

Age-related seroprevalence studies that have been conducted in Brazil have indicated a transition from a high to a medium endemicity of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection in the population. However, most of these studies have focused on urban populations that experience lower incidence rates of HAV infection. In the current study, the prevalence of anti-HAV antibodies was investigated in children with a low socioeconomic status (SES) that live on the periphery of three capital cities in Brazil. A total of 1,162 dried blood spot samples were collected from individuals whose ages ranged from one-18 years and tested for anti-HAV antibodies. A large number of children under five years old (74.1-90%) were identified to be susceptible to HAV infection. The anti-HAV antibody prevalence reached ≥ 50% among those that were 10-14 years of age or older. The anti-HAV prevalence rates observed were characteristics of regions with intermediate level of hepatitis A endemicity. These data indicated that a large proportion of children with a low SES that live at the periphery of urban cities might be at risk of contracting an HAV infection. The hepatitis A vaccine that is currently offered in Brazil is only available for high-risk groups or at private clinics and is unaffordable for individuals with a lower SES. The results from this study suggest that the hepatitis A vaccine should be included in the Brazilian National Program for Immunisation.