Resumo Fundamento Análises em grandes registros apontam desfechos desfavoráveis para mulheres submetidas à cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio (CRM), enquanto estudos randomizados sofrem com a falta de representatividade. Objetivo Comparar os resultados hospitalares ajustados entre homens e mulheres submetidos à CRM. Métodos Entre julho de 2017 e junho de 2019, 3991 pacientes foram submetidos à CRM primária isolada, tanto de forma eletiva como de urgência, em 5 hospitais de estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Para equilibrar as diferenças entre homens e mulheres, as populações foram ajustadas utilizando o Propensity Score Matching. Os desfechos considerados para análise foram os utilizados pelo STS Adult Database. As análises foram conduzidas no software R, considerando significância valores de p < 0,05. Resultados Após o Propensity Score Matching (1:1), cada grupo incluiu 1089 pacientes. Em relação às variáveis intraoperatórias os homens apresentaram maior tempo de CEC (p<0,001), tempo cirúrgico (p<0,001), número de anastomoses distais (p<0,001) e uso de enxertos arteriais. Em relação aos desfechos as mulheres apresentaram maior incidência de infecção de ferida profunda (p=0,006), tempo prolongado na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (p=0,002), maior necessidade do uso de balão intraórtico (p=0,04), maior taxa de transfusão sanguínea (p<0,001), maior readmissão hospitalar em até 30 dias após a cirurgia (p=0,002) e maior taxa de óbitos (p=0,03). Conclusões Apesar dos homens terem apresentado um maior tempo de CEC, maior número de enxertos arteriais e maior número de anastomoses distais, os resultados imediatos após CRM foram piores em mulheres. CRM, , (CRM) representatividade 201 2019 399 isolada urgência Paulo Brasil Database R 005 0 05 0,05 11, 11 1 (1:1) 108 p<0,001, p0001 p<0,001 001 (p<0,001 p=0,006, p0006 p=0,006 006 (p=0,006) p=0,002, p0002 p=0,002 002 p=0,04, p004 p=0,04 04 (p=0,04) 3 (p=0,002 p=0,03. p003 p=0,03 . 03 (p=0,03) (CRM 20 39 00 0,0 (1:1 10 p000 p<0,00 (p<0,00 p=0,00 (p=0,006 p00 p=0,0 (p=0,04 (p=0,00 (p=0,03 2 0, (1: p<0,0 (p<0,0 p0 p=0, (p=0,0 (1 p<0, (p<0, p=0 (p=0, ( p<0 (p<0 p= (p=0 p< (p< (p= (p

Abstract Background Analyses of extensive registries indicate adverse outcomes for women undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery, while randomized studies often lack representativeness. Objective To compare adjusted hospital outcomes between men and women undergoing CABG. Methods From July 2017 to June 2019, 3991 patients underwent primary isolated CABG, both electively and urgently, in 5 hospitals in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. To mitigate demographic differences between men and women, populations were adjusted using propensity score matching (PSM). The outcomes considered for analysis were those used by the STS Adult Database. The analyses were performed using R software, with a significance set at p<0.05. Results After PSM (1:1), each group included 1089 patients. Regarding intraoperative variables, men exhibited longer cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time (p<0.001), surgical time (p<0.001), a higher number of distal anastomoses (p<0.001), and increased use of arterial grafts. Regarding outcomes, women had a higher incidence of deep sternal wound infection (p=0.006), prolonged Intensive Care Unit stay (p=0.002), increased need for an intra-aortic balloon pump (p=0.04), higher blood transfusion rates (p<0.001), higher 30-day hospital readmission rates after surgery (p=0.002) and higher mortality rate (p=0.03). Conclusions Although men had longer CPB times, a greater number of arterial grafts, and a greater number of distal anastomoses, immediate results after CABG were poorer in women. (CABG representativeness 201 2019 399 urgently Paulo Brazil PSM. . (PSM) Database software p005 p 0 05 p<0.05 11, 11 1 , (1:1) 108 variables (CPB p<0.001, p0001 p<0.001 001 (p<0.001) grafts p=0.006, p0006 p=0.006 006 (p=0.006) p=0.002, p0002 p=0.002 002 intraaortic intra aortic p=0.04, p004 p=0.04 04 (p=0.04) 30day day 30 (p=0.002 p=0.03. p003 p=0.03 03 (p=0.03) times 20 39 (PSM p00 p<0.0 (1:1 10 p000 p<0.00 00 (p<0.001 p=0.00 (p=0.006 p=0.0 (p=0.04 3 (p=0.00 (p=0.03 2 p0 p<0. (1: (p<0.00 p=0. (p=0.0 p<0 (1 (p<0.0 p=0 (p=0. p< ( (p<0. p= (p=0 (p<0 (p= (p< (p

ABSTRACT Introduction: Along with cardiopulmonary bypass time, aortic cross-clamping time is directly related to the risk of complications after heart surgery. The influence of the time difference between cardiopulmonary bypass and cross-clamping times (TDC-C) remains poorly understood. Objective: To assess the impact of cardiopulmonary bypass time in relation to cross-clamping time on immediate results after coronary artery bypass grafting in the Registro Paulista de Cirurgia Cardiovascular (REPLICCAR) II. Methods: Analysis of 3,090 patients included in REPLICCAR II database was performed. The Society of Thoracic Surgeons outcomes were evaluated (mortality, kidney failure, deep wound infection, reoperation, cerebrovascular accident, and prolonged ventilation time). A cutoff point was adopted, from which the increase of this difference would affect each outcome. Results: After a cutoff point determination, all patients were divided into Group 1 (cardiopulmonary bypass time < 140 min., TDC-C < 30 min.), Group 2 (cardiopulmonary bypass time < 140 min., TDC-C > 30 min.), Group 3 (cardiopulmonary bypass time > 140 min., TDC-C < 30 min.), and Group 4 (cardiopulmonary bypass time > 140 min., TDC-C > 30 min.). After univariate logistic regression, Group 2 showed significant association with reoperation (odds ratio: 1.64, 95% confidence interval: 1.01-2.66), stroke (odds ratio: 3.85, 95% confidence interval: 1.99-7.63), kidney failure (odds ratio: 1.90, 95% confidence interval: 1.32-2.74), and in-hospital mortality (odds ratio: 2.17, 95% confidence interval: 1.30-3.60). Conclusion: TDC-C serves as a predictive factor for complications following coronary artery bypass grafting. We strongly recommend that future studies incorporate this metric to improve the prediction of complications. Introduction crossclamping cross clamping surgery TDCC TDC C (TDC-C understood Objective (REPLICCAR Methods 3090 090 3,09 performed mortality, (mortality infection accident time. . time) adopted outcome Results determination 14 min min. , min.) min.. regression odds ratio 164 64 1.64 95 interval 1.012.66, 101266 1.01 2.66 01 66 1.01-2.66) 385 85 3.85 1.997.63, 199763 1.99 7.63 99 7 63 1.99-7.63) 190 90 1.90 1.322.74, 132274 1.32 2.74 32 74 1.32-2.74) inhospital hospital 217 17 2.17 1.303.60. 130360 1.30 3.60 60 1.30-3.60) Conclusion 309 09 3,0 16 6 1.6 9 012 1.012.66 10126 101 1.0 266 2.6 0 1.01-2.66 38 8 3.8 997 1.997.63 19976 199 1.9 763 7.6 1.99-7.63 19 322 1.322.74 13227 132 1.3 274 2.7 1.32-2.74 21 2.1 303 1.303.60 13036 130 360 3.6 1.30-3.60 3, 1. 1.012.6 1012 10 26 2. 1.01-2.6 3. 1.997.6 1997 76 7. 1.99-7.6 1.322.7 1322 13 27 1.32-2.7 1.303.6 1303 36 1.30-3.6 1.012. 1.01-2. 1.997. 1.99-7. 1.322. 1.32-2. 1.303. 1.30-3. 1.012 1.01-2 1.997 1.99-7 1.322 1.32-2 1.303 1.30-3 1.01- 1.99- 1.32- 1.30-

Resumo Fundamento: A identificação de fatores de riscos na cirurgia cardiovascular auxilia na previsibilidade resultando na otimização de desfechos e redução de custos. Objetivo: Identificação dos preditores de risco pré e intraoperatórios para internação prolongada após cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio (CRM) no Estado de São Paulo. Métodos: Análise transversal no banco de dados REPLICCAR II, registro prospectivo, consecutivo, multicêntrico que incluiu cirurgias de revascularização miocárdica realizadas entre agosto de 2017 e julho de 2019. O desfecho principal foi o tempo de internação prolongado, definida como período de pós-operatório superior a 14 (quatorze) dias. Para a identificação dos preditores foram realizadas análises de regressão logística uni- e multivariada. Os valores de p menores de 0,05 foram considerados significativos. Resultados: A mediana de idade foi de 63 (57-70) anos e 26,55% eram do sexo feminino. Dos 3703 pacientes analisados, 228 (6,16%) apresentaram longa permanência hospitalar (LPH) após a CRM e a mediana da internação foi de 17 (16-20) dias. Foram preditores da LPH após a CRM: idade >60 anos (OR 2,05; IC95% 1,43 - 2,87; p<0,001); insuficiência renal (OR 1,73; IC95% 1,29 - 2,32; p<0,001) e transfusão de hemácias no intraoperatório (OR 1,32; IC 1,07 - 2,06; p=0,01). Conclusão: Nesta análise, a idade > 60 anos, insuficiência renal e a transfusão de hemácias no intraoperatório foram preditores independentes de LPH após a CRM. A identificação destas variáveis pode ajudar no planejamento estratégico multiprofissional visando melhoria de resultados e otimização de recursos no estado de São Paulo. Fundamento custos Objetivo (CRM Paulo Métodos II prospectivo consecutivo 201 2019 prolongado pósoperatório pós operatório 1 quatorze (quatorze dias uni multivariada 005 0 05 0,0 significativos Resultados 6 5770 57 70 (57-70 2655 26 55 26,55 feminino 370 analisados 22 6,16% 616 16 (6,16% (LPH 1620 20 (16-20 >6 OR 2,05 205 2 IC95 143 43 1,4 2,87 287 87 p<0,001 p0001 001 1,73 173 73 129 29 1,2 2,32 232 32 1,32 132 107 07 1,0 2,06 206 06 p=0,01. p001 p=0,01 . 01 p=0,01) Conclusão análise 00 0, 577 5 7 (57-7 265 26,5 37 6,16 61 (6,16 162 (16-2 2,0 IC9 4 1, 2,8 28 8 p<0,00 p000 1,7 12 2,3 23 3 1,3 13 10 p00 p=0,0 (57- 26, 6,1 (6,1 (16- 2, p<0,0 p0 p=0, (57 6, (6, (16 p<0, p=0 (5 (6 (1 p<0 p= ( p<

Abstract Background: Identifying risk factors in cardiovascular surgery assists in predictability, resulting in optimization of outcomes and cost reduction. Objective: This study aimed to identify preoperative and intraoperative risk predictors for prolonged hospitalization after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis using data from the REPLICCAR II database, a prospective, consecutive, multicenter registry that included CABG surgeries performed between August 2017 and July 2019. The primary outcome was a prolonged hospital stay (PHS), defined as a postoperative period exceeding 14 days. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the predictors with significance set at p <0.05. Results: The median age was 63 (57-70) years and 26.55% of patients were female. Among the 3703 patients analyzed, 228 (6.16%) had a PHS after CABG, with a median hospital stay of 17 (16-20) days. Predictors of PHS after CABG included age >60 years (OR 2.05; 95% CI 1.43-2.87; p<0.001); renal failure (OR 1.73; 95% CI 1.29-2.32; p <0.001) and intraoperative red blood cell transfusion (OR 1.32; 95% CI 1.07-2.06; p=0.01). Conclusion: Age >60 years, renal failure, and intraoperative red blood cell transfusion were independent predictors of PHS after CABG. The identification of these variables can help in multiprofessional strategic planning aimed to enhance results and resource utilization in the state of São Paulo. Background predictability reduction Objective (CABG Paulo Brazil Methods crosssectional cross sectional database prospective consecutive 201 2019 PHS, , (PHS) 1 days 005 0 05 <0.05 Results 6 5770 57 70 (57-70 2655 26 55 26.55 female 370 analyzed 22 6.16% 616 16 (6.16% 1620 20 (16-20 60 >6 OR 2.05 205 2 95 1.432.87 143287 1.43 2.87 43 87 1.43-2.87 p<0.001 p0001 001 p<0.001) 1.73 173 73 1.292.32 129232 1.29 2.32 29 32 1.29-2.32 <0.001 0001 1.32 132 1.072.06 107206 1.07 2.06 07 06 1.07-2.06 p=0.01. p001 p=0.01 . 01 p=0.01) Conclusion (PHS 00 <0.0 577 5 7 (57-7 265 26.5 37 6.16 61 (6.16 162 (16-2 > 2.0 9 432 1.432.8 14328 143 1.4 287 2.8 4 8 1.43-2.8 p<0.00 p000 1.7 292 1.292.3 12923 129 1.2 232 2.3 3 1.29-2.3 <0.00 000 1.3 13 072 1.072.0 10720 107 1.0 206 1.07-2.0 p00 p=0.0 <0. (57- 26. 6.1 (6.1 (16- 2. 1.432. 1432 1. 28 1.43-2. p<0.0 1.292. 1292 12 23 1.29-2. 1.072. 1072 10 1.07-2. p0 p=0. <0 (57 6. (6. (16 1.432 1.43-2 p<0. 1.292 1.29-2 1.072 1.07-2 p=0 < (5 (6 (1 1.43- p<0 1.29- 1.07- p= ( p<

ABSTRACT Introduction: Atrial fibrillation is the main complication in the postoperative period of cardiovascular surgery. Its genesis is multifactorial, so its rapid identification to mitigate the associated risks is essential. Objective: To evaluate the incidence of atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and its relationship with other complications in our setting. Methods: This is a multicenter, observational study involving patients undergoing isolated CABG between 2017 and 2019 with data from the Registro Paulista de Cirurgia Cardiovascular (or REPLICCAR II). Variables were prospectively collected in REDCap following the definitions given by version 2.73 of the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database. Data were collected with prior authorization from the local ethics committee and analyses performed in R software. Results: A total of 3,803 patients were included, of these 605 had postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF). In order to adjust the groups, propensity score matching was used. Such analyses resulted in 605 patients in each group (without POAF vs. with POAF). Among patients with POAF, the mean age was 67.56 years, with a prevalence of males (73.6%, 445 patients). Patients belonging to the group with POAF had a mortality rate of 9.26% (P=0.007), longer ventilation time (P<0.001), pneumonia (P<0.001), and sepsis (P<0.001). In multiple analysis, acute renal dysfunction (P=0.032) and longer intensive care unit stay (P<0,001) were associated with the presence of POAF. Conclusion: POAF in CABG is associated with longer intensive care unit and hospital stay, as well as renal dysfunction, pneumonia, and in-hospital mortality. Introduction surgery multifactorial essential Objective (CABG setting Methods multicenter 201 or II. II . II) 273 2 73 2.7 Database software Results 3803 3 803 3,80 included 60 (POAF) groups used without vs POAF) 6756 67 56 67.5 years 73.6%, 736 6 (73.6% 44 patients. patients) 926 9 26 9.26 P=0.007, P0007 P P=0.007 , 0 007 (P=0.007) P<0.001, P0001 P<0.001 001 (P<0.001) P<0.001. analysis P=0.032 P0032 032 (P=0.032 P<0,001 (P<0,001 Conclusion inhospital 20 27 7 2. 380 80 3,8 (POAF 675 5 67. 73.6% (73.6 4 92 9.2 P000 P=0.00 00 (P=0.007 P<0.00 (P<0.001 P=0.03 P003 03 (P=0.03 P<0,00 (P<0,00 38 8 3, 73.6 (73. 9. P00 P=0.0 (P=0.00 P<0.0 (P<0.00 (P=0.0 P<0,0 (P<0,0 73. (73 P0 P=0. P<0. (P<0.0 (P=0. P<0, (P<0, (7 P=0 P<0 (P<0. (P=0 (P<0 ( P= P< (P= (P< (P

Resumo Fundamento: A análise de indicadores como taxa de readmissão hospitalar é crucial para aprimorar a qualidade dos serviços e gestão em processos hospitalares. Objetivo: Identificar as variáveis correlacionadas a readmissão hospitalar até 30 dias após cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica (CRM). Métodos: Estudo de coorte transversal no banco de dados Registro Paulista de Cirurgia Cardiovascular II (REPLICCAR II)(N=3.392), de junho de 2017 a junho de 2019. Avaliaram-se retrospectivamente 150 pacientes para identificar os fatores correlacionados a readmissão hospitalar até 30 dias após-CRM via regressão logística univariada e multivariada. As análises foram realizadas no software R, com significância de 0,05 e intervalos de confiança de 95%. Resultados: Cento e cinquenta pacientes foram readmitidos até 30 dias após a alta hospitalar de CRM (150/3.392, 4,42%) principalmente por infecções (mediastinite, ferida operatória e sepse) totalizando 52 casos (52/150, 34,66%), outras causas foram: complicações cirúrgicas (14/150, 9,33%) e pneumonia (13/150, 8,66%). Os preditores de readmissão identificados foram: O modelo de regressão multivariada apontou intercepto (OR: 1,098, p<0,00001), apneia do sono (OR: 1,117, p=0,0165), arritmia cardíaca (OR: 1,040, p=0,0712) e uso de balão intra-aórtico (OR: 1,068, p=0,0021) como preditores do desfecho, com uma AUC de 0,70. Conclusão: 4,42% dos pacientes foram readmitidos pós-CRM, principalmente por infecções. Fatores como apneia do sono (OR: 1,117, p=0,0165), arritmia cardíaca (OR: 1,040, p=0,0712) e uso de balão intra-aórtico (OR: 1,068, p=0,0021) foram preditores de readmissão, com uma discriminação de risco moderada (AUC: 0,70). Fundamento hospitalares Objetivo 3 CRM. . (CRM) Métodos REPLICCAR IIN=3.392, IIN3392 IIN N=3.392 , N 392 II)(N=3.392) 201 2019 Avaliaramse Avaliaram se 15 apósCRM R 005 0 05 0,0 95 95% Resultados 150/3.392, 1503392 (150/3.392 442 4 42 mediastinite, mediastinite (mediastinite sepse 5 52/150, 52150 (52/150 34,66%, 3466 34,66% 34 66 34,66%) 14/150, 14150 14 (14/150 9,33% 933 9 33 13/150, 13150 13 (13/150 8,66%. 866 8,66% 8 8,66%) OR (OR 1098 1 098 1,098 p<0,00001, p000001 p p<0,00001 00001 p<0,00001) 1117 117 1,117 p=0,0165, p00165 p=0,0165 0165 p=0,0165) 1040 040 1,040 p=0,0712 p00712 0712 intraaórtico intra aórtico 1068 068 1,068 p=0,0021 p00021 0021 desfecho 070 70 0,70 Conclusão 4,42 pósCRM, pósCRM pós CRM, pós-CRM (AUC 0,70) (CRM IIN=3.392 IIN339 N3392 N=3.39 39 II)(N=3.392 20 00 0, 150/3.392 150339 (150/3.39 44 52/150 5215 (52/15 346 34,66 6 14/150 1415 (14/15 9,33 93 13/150 1315 (13/15 86 8,66 109 09 1,09 p00000 p<0,0000 0000 111 11 1,11 p0016 p=0,016 016 104 04 1,04 p=0,071 p0071 071 106 06 1,06 p=0,002 p0002 002 07 7 0,7 4,4 IIN=3.39 IIN33 N339 N=3.3 II)(N=3.39 2 150/3.39 15033 (150/3.3 52/15 521 (52/1 34,6 14/15 141 (14/1 9,3 13/15 131 (13/1 8,6 10 1,0 p0000 p<0,000 000 1,1 p001 p=0,01 01 p=0,07 p007 p=0,00 p000 4, IIN=3.3 IIN3 N33 N=3. II)(N=3.3 150/3.3 1503 (150/3. 52/1 (52/ 34, 14/1 (14/ 9, 13/1 (13/ 8, 1, p<0,00 p00 p=0,0 IIN=3. N3 N=3 II)(N=3. 150/3. (150/3 52/ (52 14/ (14 13/ (13 p<0,0 p0 p=0, IIN=3 N= II)(N=3 150/3 (150/ (5 (1 p<0, p=0 IIN= II)(N= 150/ (150 ( p<0 p= II)(N (15 p<

Abstract Background: The analysis of indicators such as hospital readmission rates is crucial for improving the quality of services and management of hospital processes. Objectives: To identify the variables correlated with hospital readmission up to 30 days following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods: Cross-sectional cohort study by REPLICCAR II database (N=3,392) from June 2017 to June 2019. Retrospectively, 150 patients were analyzed to identify factors associated with hospital readmission within 30 days post-CABG using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Analysis was conducted using software R, with a significance level of 0.05 and 95% confidence intervals. Results: Out of 3,392 patients, 150 (4,42%0 were readmitted within 30 days post-discharge from CABG primarily due to infections (mediastinitis, surgical wounds, and sepsis) accounting for 52 cases (34.66%). Other causes included surgical complications (14/150, 9.33%) and pneumonia (13/150, 8.66%). The multivariate regression model identified an intercept (OR: 1.098, p<0.00001), sleep apnea (OR: 1.117, p=0.0165), cardiac arrhythmia (OR: 1.040, p=0.0712), and intra-aortic balloon pump use (OR: 1.068, p=0.0021) as predictors of the outcome, with an AUC of 0.70. Conclusion: 4.42% of patients were readmitted post-CABG, mainly due to infections. Factors such as sleep apnea (OR: 1.117, p=0.0165), cardiac arrhythmia (OR: 1.040, p=0.0712), and intra-aortic balloon pump use (OR: 1.068, p=0.0021) were predictors of readmission, with moderate risk discrimination (AUC: 0.70). Background processes Objectives 3 CABG. . (CABG) Methods Crosssectional Cross sectional N=3,392 N3392 N 392 (N=3,392 201 2019 Retrospectively 15 postCABG post R 005 0 05 0.0 95 intervals Results 3392 3,39 4,42%0 4420 4 42 (4,42% postdischarge discharge mediastinitis, mediastinitis (mediastinitis wounds sepsis 5 34.66%. 3466 34.66% 34 66 (34.66%) 14/150, 14150 14 (14/150 9.33% 933 9 33 13/150, 13150 13 (13/150 8.66%. 866 8.66% 8 8.66%) OR (OR 1098 1 098 1.098 p<0.00001, p000001 p p<0.00001 , 00001 p<0.00001) 1117 117 1.117 p=0.0165, p00165 p=0.0165 0165 p=0.0165) 1040 040 1.040 p=0.0712, p00712 p=0.0712 0712 p=0.0712) intraaortic intra aortic 1068 068 1.068 p=0.0021 p00021 0021 outcome 070 70 0.70 Conclusion 442 4.42 postCABG, CABG, (AUC 0.70) (CABG N=3,39 N339 39 (N=3,39 20 00 0. 339 3,3 4,42% (4,42 346 34.66 6 (34.66% 14/150 1415 (14/15 9.33 93 13/150 1315 (13/15 86 8.66 109 09 1.09 p00000 p<0.0000 0000 111 11 1.11 p0016 p=0.016 016 104 04 1.04 p0071 p=0.071 071 106 06 1.06 p=0.002 p0002 002 07 7 0.7 44 4.4 N=3,3 N33 (N=3,3 2 3, 4,42 (4,4 34.6 (34.66 14/15 141 (14/1 9.3 13/15 131 (13/1 8.6 10 1.0 p0000 p<0.000 000 1.1 p001 p=0.01 01 p007 p=0.07 p=0.00 p000 4. N=3, N3 (N=3, 4,4 (4, 34. (34.6 14/1 (14/ 9. 13/1 (13/ 8. 1. p<0.00 p00 p=0.0 N=3 (N=3 4, (4 (34. 14/ (14 13/ (13 p<0.0 p0 p=0. N= (N= ( (34 (1 p<0. p=0 (N (3 p<0 p= p<

Abstract Background The short-term results after using arterial grafts still raise questions and doubts for medical society. Objective To compare the immediate outcomes of patients undergoing single arterial graft versus multiple arterial grafts coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. Methods Cross-sectional cohort study in the São Paulo Registry of Cardiovascular Surgery II (REPLICCAR II). Perioperative data from 3122 patients were grouped by the number of arterial grafts used, and their outcomes were compared: reoperation, deep sternal wound infection (DSWI), stroke, acute kidney injury, prolonged intubation (>24 hours), short hospital stay (<6 days), prolonged hospital stay (>14 days), morbidity and mortality. Propensity Score Matching (PSM) matched 1062 patients, adjusted for the mortality risk. Results After PSM, the single arterial graft group showed patients with advanced age, more former smokers, hypertension, diabetes, stable angina, and previous myocardial infarction. In the multiple arterial grafts, there was a predominance of males, recent pneumonia, and urgent surgeries. After the procedure, there was a higher incidence of pleural effusion (p=0.042), pneumonia (p=0.01), reintubation (p=0.006), DSWI (p=0.007), and sternal debridement (p=0.015) in the multiple arterial grafts group, however, less need for blood transfusion (p=0.005), extremity infections (p=0.002) and shorter hospital stays (p=0.036). Bilateral use of the internal thoracic artery was not related to increased DSWI rate, but glycosylated hemoglobin >6.40% (p=0.048). Conclusion Patients undergoing the multiarterial technique had a higher incidence of pulmonary complications, and DSWI, where glycosylated hemoglobin ≥6.40%, had a greater influence on the infectious outcome than the choice of grafts. shortterm term society surgery Crosssectional Cross sectional REPLICCAR II. . II) 312 used compared reoperation , (DSWI) stroke injury >24 24 (>2 hours, hours hours) <6 6 (< days, days days) >14 14 (>1 PSM (PSM 106 risk age smokers hypertension diabetes angina infarction males surgeries procedure p=0.042, p0042 p p=0.042 0 042 (p=0.042) p=0.01, p001 p=0.01 01 (p=0.01) p=0.006, p0006 p=0.006 006 (p=0.006) p=0.007, p0007 p=0.007 007 (p=0.007) p=0.015 p0015 015 (p=0.015 however p=0.005, p0005 p=0.005 005 (p=0.005) p=0.002 p0002 002 (p=0.002 p=0.036. p0036 p=0.036 036 (p=0.036) rate 640 40 >6.40 p=0.048. p0048 p=0.048 048 (p=0.048) complications ≥6.40% 31 (DSWI >2 2 (> < ( >1 1 10 p004 p=0.04 04 (p=0.042 p00 p=0.0 (p=0.01 p000 p=0.00 00 (p=0.006 (p=0.007 (p=0.005 (p=0.00 p003 p=0.03 03 (p=0.036 64 4 >6.4 (p=0.048 ≥6.40 3 > (p=0.04 p0 p=0. (p=0.0 (p=0.03 >6. ≥6.4 p=0 (p=0. >6 ≥6. p= (p=0 ≥6 (p= ≥ (p

Resumo Fundamento Os resultados a curto prazo após o uso de enxertos arteriais ainda suscitam questionamentos e dúvidas na sociedade médica. Objetivo Comparar os resultados imediatos de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio com enxerto arterial único versus enxertos arteriais múltiplos. Métodos Estudo de coorte transversal no Registro Paulista de Cirurgia Cardiovascular II (REPLICCAR II). Os dados perioperatórios de 3122 pacientes foram agrupados pelo número de enxertos arteriais utilizados e seus desfechos foram comparados: reoperação, infecção profunda da ferida torácica (IPFT), acidente vascular cerebral, lesão renal aguda, intubação prolongada (>24 horas), tempo de internação curta (<6 dias), tempo de internação prolongada (>14 dias), morbidade e mortalidade. O Propensity Score Matching (PSM) correspondeu a 1062 pacientes, ajustado para o risco de mortalidade. Resultados Após PSM, o grupo enxerto arterial único apresentou pacientes com idade avançada, mais ex-fumantes, hipertensos, diabéticos, portadores de angina estável e infarto do miocárdio prévio. Nos enxertos arteriais múltiplos houve predomínio do sexo masculino, pneumonia recente e cirurgias de urgência. Após o procedimento, houve maior incidência de derrame pleural (p=0,042), pneumonia (p=0,01), reintubação (p=0,006), IPFT (p=0,007) e desbridamento esternal (p=0,015) no grupo de enxertos multiarteriais, porém, menor necessidade de hemotransfusão (p=0,005), infecções de extremidades (p=0,002) e menor tempo de internação (p=0,036). O uso bilateral da artéria torácica interna não foi relacionado ao aumento da taxa de IPFT, e sim a hemoglobina glicosilada >6,40% (p=0,048). Conclusão Pacientes submetidos a técnica multiarterial apresentaram maior incidência de complicações pulmonares e IPFT, sendo que a hemoglobina glicosilada ≥6,40% teve maior influência no resultado infeccioso do que a escolha dos enxertos. médica REPLICCAR II. . II) 312 comparados reoperação , (IPFT) cerebral aguda >24 24 (>2 horas, horas horas) <6 6 (< dias, dias dias) >14 14 (>1 mortalidade PSM (PSM 106 avançada exfumantes, exfumantes ex fumantes, fumantes ex-fumantes hipertensos diabéticos prévio masculino urgência procedimento p=0,042, p0042 p p=0,042 0 042 (p=0,042) p=0,01, p001 p=0,01 01 (p=0,01) p=0,006, p0006 p=0,006 006 (p=0,006) p=0,007 p0007 007 (p=0,007 p=0,015 p0015 015 (p=0,015 multiarteriais porém p=0,005, p0005 p=0,005 005 (p=0,005) p=0,002 p0002 002 (p=0,002 p=0,036. p0036 p=0,036 036 (p=0,036) 640 40 >6,40 p=0,048. p0048 p=0,048 048 (p=0,048) ≥6,40 31 (IPFT >2 2 (> < ( >1 1 10 p004 p=0,04 04 (p=0,042 p00 p=0,0 (p=0,01 p000 p=0,00 00 (p=0,006 (p=0,00 (p=0,005 p003 p=0,03 03 (p=0,036 64 4 >6,4 (p=0,048 ≥6,4 3 > (p=0,04 p0 p=0, (p=0,0 (p=0,03 >6, ≥6, p=0 (p=0, >6 ≥6 p= (p=0 ≥ (p= (p

ABSTRACT Introduction: Left internal thoracic artery to left anterior descending artery (LITA-LADA) grafting has become a fundamental part of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). This grafting has led to an increased use of other arterial conduits, of which the radial artery (RA) is the most popular. Whether RA can have the same long-term patency as LITA is controversial. The objective of this study is to access the long-term clinical follow-up and, when available, the patency rate of RA grafts. Methods: Twenty-six patients from a previous study with critical stenosis in all target vessels underwent complete arterial CABG with LITA and RA grafts from 1996 to 2003. They all underwent midterm multidetector computed tomography after surgery with the association of at least one patent LITA and one patent RA graft. Results: Twelve patients (46%) are alive with no angina symptoms. Six patients underwent a second image exam 12 to 16 years (average of 14 years) after surgery, with a total of six LITA-LADA and 14 RA grafts with 100% patency rate. Clinical follow-up five to 23 years after surgery (average of 14 years) showed only one death 12 years after surgery related to coronary artery disease (CAD) (3,8%). Another 12 patients died of non-CAD. Conclusion: Patients with midterm associated LITA and RA patent grafts show similar optimal long-term patency rates of both types of grafts with excellent clinical outcome. Introduction LITALADA LADA (LITA-LADA CABG. . (CABG) conduits (RA popular longterm long term controversial followup follow up available Methods Twentysix Twenty 199 2003 graft Results 46% 46 (46% symptoms 1 average 100 2 CAD (CAD 3,8%. 38 3,8% 3 8 (3,8%) nonCAD. nonCAD non CAD. non-CAD Conclusion outcome (CABG 19 200 4 (46 10 3,8 (3,8% 20 (4 3, (3,8 ( (3, (3

ABSTRACT Introduction: Deep sternal wound infections (DSWI) are so serious and costly that hospital services continue to strive to control and prevent these outcomes. Microcosting is the more accurate approach in economic healthcare evaluation, but there are no studies in this field applying this method to compare DSWI after isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). This study aims to evaluate the incremental risk-adjusted costs of DSWI on isolated CABG. Methods: This is a retrospective, single-center observational cohort study with a propensity score matching for infected and non-infected patients to compare incremental risk-adjusted costs between groups. Data to homogeneity sample was obtained from a multicentric database, REPLICCAR II, and additional sources of information about costs were achieved with the electronic hospital system (Si3). Inflation variation and dollar quotation in the study period were corrected using the General Market Price Index. Groups were compared using analysis of variance, and multiple linear regression was performed to evaluate the cost drivers related to the event. Results: As expected, infections were costly; deep infection increased the costs by 152% and mediastinitis by 188%. Groups differed among hospital stay, exams, medications, and multidisciplinary labor, and hospital stay costs were the most critical cost driver. Conclusion: In summary, our results demonstrate the incremental costs of a detailed microcosting evaluation of infections on CABG patients in São Paulo, Brazil. Hospital stay was an important cost driver identified, demonstrating the importance of evaluating patients’ characteristics and managing risks for a faster, safer, and more effective discharge. Introduction (DSWI outcomes . (CABG) riskadjusted risk adjusted Methods retrospective singlecenter single center noninfected non groups database II Si3. Si3 Si (Si3) Index variance event Results expected 152 188 188% exams medications labor Conclusion summary Paulo Brazil identified faster safer discharge (CABG (Si3 15 18 (Si 1

ABSTRACT Introduction: Left internal thoracic artery to left anterior descending artery (LITA-LADA) grafting has become a fundamental part of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). This grafting has led to an increased use of other arterial conduits, of which the radial artery (RA) is the most popular. Whether RA can have the same long-term patency as LITA is controversial. The objective of this study is to access the long-term clinical follow-up and, when available, the patency rate of RA grafts. Methods: Twenty-six patients from a previous study with critical stenosis in all target vessels underwent complete arterial CABG with LITA and RA grafts from 1996 to 2003. They all underwent midterm multidetector computed tomography after surgery with the association of at least one patent LITA and one patent RA graft. Results: Twelve patients (46%) are alive with no angina symptoms. Six patients underwent a second image exam 12 to 16 years (average of 14 years) after surgery, with a total of six LITA-LADA and 14 RA grafts with 100% patency rate. Clinical follow-up five to 23 years after surgery (average of 14 years) showed only one death 12 years after surgery related to coronary artery disease (CAD) (3,8%). Another 12 patients died of non-CAD. Conclusion: Patients with midterm associated LITA and RA patent grafts show similar optimal long-term patency rates of both types of grafts with excellent clinical outcome. Introduction LITALADA LADA (LITA-LADA CABG. . (CABG) conduits (RA popular longterm long term controversial followup follow up available Methods Twentysix Twenty 199 2003 graft Results 46% 46 (46% symptoms 1 average 100 2 CAD (CAD 3,8%. 38 3,8% 3 8 (3,8%) nonCAD. nonCAD non CAD. non-CAD Conclusion outcome (CABG 19 200 4 (46 10 3,8 (3,8% 20 (4 3, (3,8 ( (3, (3

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the impact of adherence to the cardiac surgical checklist on mortality at the teaching hospital. Methods A retrospective cohort study after the implementation of the cardiac surgical safety checklist in a reference hospital in Latin America. All patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery and/or heart valve surgery from 2013 to 2019 were analyzed. After the implementation of the project InCor-Checklist “Five steps to safe cardiac surgery” in 2015, the correlation between adherence and completeness of this instrument with surgical mortality was assessed. The EuroSCORE II was used as a reference to assess the risk of expected mortality for patients. Cross-sectional questionnaires were during the implementation of the InCor-Checklist. To perform the correlation, Pearson’s coefficient was calculated using R software. Results Since 2013, data from 8139 patients have been analyzed. The average annual mortality was 5.98%. In 2015, the instrument was used in only 58% of patients; in contrast, it was used in 100% of patients in 2019. There was a decrease in surgical mortality from 8.22% to 3.13% for the same group of procedures. The results indicate that the greater the checklist use, the lower the surgical mortality (r = 88.9%). In addition, the greater the InCor-Checklist completeness, the lower the surgical mortality (r = 94.1%). Conclusion In the formation of the surgical patient safety culture, the implementation and adherence to the InCor-Checklist “Five steps to safe cardiac surgery” was associated with decreased mortality after cardiac surgery. HIGHLIGHTS Checklists avoid human errors and are commonly used in high-reliability industries. The “InCor Checklist” was associated with decreased mortality over time. Adherence, completeness, and sustainability within public policies are necessary.

Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic brings numerous challenges to the health ecosystem, including the safe resumption of elective cardiac surgery. In the pre-pandemic period, rapid recovery protocols demonstrated, through strategies focused on the multidisciplinary approach, reduction of hospital length of stay, infection rates and, consequently, costs. Even with several studies proving the benefits of these protocols, their acceptance and implementation have been slow. It is believed that the resumption of surgeries in the current context requires the use of rapid recovery protocols combined with the use of a mobile application promoting greater engagement between patients, caregivers and care teams.