ABSTRACT Purpose: Shock, cardiovascular problems, and respiratory failure constitute the main causes of death in patients cared in medical emergency rooms. Patients commonly require orotracheal intubation (OTI), a fact that has been intensified by diseases that generate important and fatal hemodynamic and respiratory problems in the affected patient. Methods: Although etomidate (ETO) is a highly used anesthetic for OTI, its use remains controversial in several scenarios. Some studies refer to an increase in mortality with its use in critically patients, while others do not refer to a difference. Therefore, we evaluated the mortality of patients submitted to OTI in the public hospital of a public federal university, with the use of ETO and other sedative-hypnotic drugs used in the induction of the performance of OTI, with the in-hospital mortality of patients cared in hospital. Results: The results demonstrate that the use of ETO as a hypnotic for OTI in the emergency room is not associated with a significant difference in morbidity or early mortality, within 30 days of hospitalization, compared with other hypnotics. Conclusions: There was no difference in mortality between patients intubated in the emergency department who used ETO and those who used non-ETO hypnotic within 72 hours and 30 days. Purpose Shock rooms , (OTI) patient Methods (ETO scenarios Therefore university sedativehypnotic sedative inhospital Results 3 hospitalization hypnotics Conclusions nonETO non 7 (OTI

Resumo O mapeamento de unidades de paisagem é um processo dinâmico e necessitado de constantes modificações. Partindo dessa premissa, este artigo buscou atualizar o mapeamento de unidades de paisagens do estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Isso foi possível a partir da combinação entre atividades de campo e novos procedimentos metodológicos, com análises e refinamentos de mapeamentos anteriores efetuados por Silva (2018), Bernardino (2019) e Souza (2020). Como principal resultado apresenta-se a atualização de um mapeamento que contempla a (re-)delimitação e (re-)classificação dos Domínios Morfoclimáticos, Regiões Naturais e Geocomplexos do território do estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Foi identificada e inserida uma nova unidade: um enclave de cerrado, que, até então, não havia sido descrito e analisado como tal na literatura consagrada; a reboque, mais uma região natural e dois geocomplexos puderam ser mapeados e delimitados. Mapeou-se, também, novas ocorrências territoriais de unidades já identificadas/classificadas no trabalho original e, por conseguinte, ocorreu um redimensionamento de paisagens de diferentes táxons, também como resultado, propriamente, dessas modificações, bem como do refinamento dos limites das unidades, em função do detalhamento escalar maior, com o aprofundamento da pesquisa.

Abstract The mapping of landscape units is a dynamic process in which constant modifications are needed. Based on this, this article sought to update the mapping of landscape units in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. This was possible due to the combination of field activities and new methodological procedures, with analyzes and refinements of previous mappings conducted by Silva (2018), Bernardino (2019), and Souza (2020). The main result is the update of a mapping that includes the (re-) delimitation and (re-) classification of Morphoclimatic Domains, Natural Regions, and Geocomplexes in the territory of this state. A new unit was identified and inserted: a cerrado enclave, which, until then, had not been described and analyzed as such in the established literature; consequently, one more natural region and two geocomplexes were mapped and delimited. New territorial occurrences of units already identified/classified in the original work were also mapped and, therefore, there was a resizing of landscapes of different taxa, which resulted from these modifications and of the refinement of their limits, due to the greater scalar detail, with the deepening of the research.

Resumen El mapeo de unidades de paisaje es un proceso dinámico y necesita modificaciones constantes. Con base en esta premisa, este artículo buscó actualizar el mapeo de unidades de paisaje en el estado de Rio Grande do Norte. Esto fue posible a través de la combinación de actividades de campo y nuevos procedimientos metodológicos, con análisis y refinamientos de mapeos previos realizados por Silva (2018), Bernardino (2019) y Souza (2020). El principal resultado es la actualización de un mapeo que contempla la (re) delimitación y (re) clasificación de Dominios Morfoclimáticos, Regiones Naturales y Geocomplejos en el estado de Rio Grande do Norte. Se identificó e insertó una nueva unidad: un enclave cerrado, que hasta entonces no había sido descrito y analizado como tal en la literatura consagrada; a continuación, se podría cartografiar y delimitar otra región natural y dos geocomplejos. También se mapearon nuevas ocurrencias territoriales de unidades ya identificadas / clasificadas en el trabajo original y, por lo tanto, hubo un redimensionamiento de paisajes de diferentes taxones, también como resultado, propiamente, de estas modificaciones, así como del refinamiento de los límites de las unidades, debido al mayor detalle escalar, con la profundización de la investigación.

Este artigo objetiva discutir o uso da categoria Reprodução Social, proposta por Juan Samaja, na análise sobre condições de vida e de saúde em um contexto de uma unidade de conservação ambiental da Amazônia brasileira. Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem compreensiva sobre os processos da reprodução social que integram a rede de determinação hierarquicamente organizada por meio da análise de interações sociais dos acontecimentos narrados e observáveis, aplicados a matriz de dados. A Reprodução Ecológica da vida na floresta dos ribeirinhos é expressa negativamente na vida biocomunal, pois as estratégias de ação propiciadas pelas Reproduções Política, Econômica e Cultural, ou seja, as ações da política ambiental, não valorizam o modo de vida local. O deficitário acesso aos bens e serviços sociais, incluindo a atenção à saúde, provenientes das Reproduções Política e Tecnoeconômica, repercutem na base material da Reprodução Biocomunal, cujo desfecho são elevadas frequências de queixas de doença e de acidentes de trabalho, como gastroenterites infecciosas, malária, tuberculose, hanseníase e intoxicação por animais peçonhentos. Garantir o acesso aos bens e serviços sociais, em especial à saúde, são imprescindíveis para uma maior resiliência às adversidades da floresta. Conclui-se, então, que a matriz de dados da Reprodução Social possibilitou compreender os processos da reprodução social que integram a rede de determinação hierarquicamente organizada, cujas interações modelaram as condições de vida e de saúde dos ribeirinhos.

This article aims to discuss the use of Social Reproduction, proposed by Juan Samaja, in the analysis of living and health conditions in a context of an sustanaible development reserve in the Brazilian Amazon. This study uses a comprehensive approach to Social Reproduction processes that comprise the network of hierarchically organized structures using the analysis of social interactions of narrated and observable events, applied to the data matrix. The Ecological Reproduction of life in the riverside forest is negatively expressed in bio-communal life, as the strategic actions provided by the Political, Economic and Cultural Reproductions, that is, the environmental policy actions, do not value the local way of life. The deficient access to social goods and services, including health care, from the Political and Techno-Economic Reproductions, has an impact on the material basis of the Bio-Communal Reproduction, whose outcome is high frequency of disease complaints and workplace accidents, such as infectious gastroenteritis, malaria, tuberculosis, leprosy, and poisoning by venomous animals. Ensuring access to social goods and services, in particular health care, is essential for improving resilience to the forest adversities. In conclusion, the social reproduction data matrix helped understand the processes of Social Reproduction that are part of the hierarchically organized structures, whose interactions shaped the living and health conditions of the riverside population analyzed in this study.

Este artículo tiene como objetivo discutir el uso de la categoría Reproducción Social, propuesta por Juan Samaja, en el análisis sobre condiciones de vida y de salud en un contexto de una unidad de conservación ambiental de la Amazonía brasileña. Se trata de un estudio de enfoque integral sobre los procesos de la reproducción social que integran la red de determinación jerárquicamente organizada por medio del análisis de interacciones sociales de los acontecimientos narrados y observables, aplicados a la matriz de datos. La Reproducción Ecológica de la vida en los bosques ribereños es expresada negativamente en la vida biocomunal, pues las estrategias de acción propiciadas por las Reproducciones Política, Económica y Cultural, es decir, las acciones de la política ambiental, no valoran el modo de vida local. El deficiente acceso a los bienes y servicios sociales, incluida la atención a la salud, procedentes de las Reproducciones Política y Tecnoeconómica, repercuten en la base material de la Reproducción Biocomunal, cuyo desenlace son elevadas frecuencias de quejas de enfermedad y de accidentes de trabajo, como gastroenteritis infecciosas, malaria, tuberculosis, lepra e intoxicación por animales venenosos. Garantizar el acceso a los bienes y servicios sociales, especialmente la atención a la salud, es esencial para una mayor resistencia a las adversidades del bosque. Se concluye, entonces, que la matriz de datos de la Reproducción Social permitió comprender los procesos de la reproducción social que integran la red de determinación jerárquicamente organizada, cuyas interacciones modelaron las condiciones de vida y salud de los ribereños.

Abstract An adequate amount of soil organic matter is considered essential for long-term sustainable agriculture, ensuring good productivity. Therefore, the present study quantified carbon and nitrogen stocks and microbiological activity in soil of three different areas: Forest-pasture System, Pasture System and preserved Caatinga - used as a reference of the experiment - located in a semi-arid region, in Watershed of Pajeú River, state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Eight trenches were opened in each system to collect soil samples at depths of 0 - 10, 20 - 30 and 50 - 60 cm, for chemical and microbiological analysis. In general, attributes of soil showed better results of land use in the following order: preserved Caatinga - Forest-pasture System - Pasture System.

This article aims to discuss the use of Social Reproduction, proposed by Juan Samaja, in the analysis of living and health conditions in a context of an sustanaible development reserve in the Brazilian Amazon. This study uses a comprehensive approach to Social Reproduction processes that comprise the network of hierarchically organized structures using the analysis of social interactions of narrated and observable events, applied to the data matrix. The Ecological Reproduction of life in the riverside forest is negatively expressed in bio-communal life, as the strategic actions provided by the Political, Economic and Cultural Reproductions, that is, the environmental policy actions, do not value the local way of life. The deficient access to social goods and services, including health care, from the Political and Techno-Economic Reproductions, has an impact on the material basis of the Bio-Communal Reproduction, whose outcome is high frequency of disease complaints and workplace accidents, such as infectious gastroenteritis, malaria, tuberculosis, leprosy, and poisoning by venomous animals. Ensuring access to social goods and services, in particular health care, is essential for improving resilience to the forest adversities. In conclusion, the social reproduction data matrix helped understand the processes of Social Reproduction that are part of the hierarchically organized structures, whose interactions shaped the living and health conditions of the riverside population analyzed in this study.

Este artigo objetiva discutir o uso da categoria Reprodução Social, proposta por Juan Samaja, na análise sobre condições de vida e de saúde em um contexto de uma unidade de conservação ambiental da Amazônia brasileira. Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem compreensiva sobre os processos da reprodução social que integram a rede de determinação hierarquicamente organizada por meio da análise de interações sociais dos acontecimentos narrados e observáveis, aplicados a matriz de dados. A Reprodução Ecológica da vida na floresta dos ribeirinhos é expressa negativamente na vida biocomunal, pois as estratégias de ação propiciadas pelas Reproduções Política, Econômica e Cultural, ou seja, as ações da política ambiental, não valorizam o modo de vida local. O deficitário acesso aos bens e serviços sociais, incluindo a atenção à saúde, provenientes das Reproduções Política e Tecnoeconômica, repercutem na base material da Reprodução Biocomunal, cujo desfecho são elevadas frequências de queixas de doença e de acidentes de trabalho, como gastroenterites infecciosas, malária, tuberculose, hanseníase e intoxicação por animais peçonhentos. Garantir o acesso aos bens e serviços sociais, em especial à saúde, são imprescindíveis para uma maior resiliência às adversidades da floresta. Conclui-se, então, que a matriz de dados da Reprodução Social possibilitou compreender os processos da reprodução social que integram a rede de determinação hierarquicamente organizada, cujas interações modelaram as condições de vida e de saúde dos ribeirinhos.

Este artículo tiene como objetivo discutir el uso de la categoría Reproducción Social, propuesta por Juan Samaja, en el análisis sobre condiciones de vida y de salud en un contexto de una unidad de conservación ambiental de la Amazonía brasileña. Se trata de un estudio de enfoque integral sobre los procesos de la reproducción social que integran la red de determinación jerárquicamente organizada por medio del análisis de interacciones sociales de los acontecimientos narrados y observables, aplicados a la matriz de datos. La Reproducción Ecológica de la vida en los bosques ribereños es expresada negativamente en la vida biocomunal, pues las estrategias de acción propiciadas por las Reproducciones Política, Económica y Cultural, es decir, las acciones de la política ambiental, no valoran el modo de vida local. El deficiente acceso a los bienes y servicios sociales, incluida la atención a la salud, procedentes de las Reproducciones Política y Tecnoeconómica, repercuten en la base material de la Reproducción Biocomunal, cuyo desenlace son elevadas frecuencias de quejas de enfermedad y de accidentes de trabajo, como gastroenteritis infecciosas, malaria, tuberculosis, lepra e intoxicación por animales venenosos. Garantizar el acceso a los bienes y servicios sociales, especialmente la atención a la salud, es esencial para una mayor resistencia a las adversidades del bosque. Se concluye, entonces, que la matriz de datos de la Reproducción Social permitió comprender los procesos de la reproducción social que integran la red de determinación jerárquicamente organizada, cuyas interacciones modelaron las condiciones de vida y salud de los ribereños.

RESUMO Os usos de adubos orgânicos trazem benefícios na produção de espécies de plantas em comparação com os fertilizantes industriais, além de contribuir na conservação do solo e da água pela melhor estruturação do solo. O capim vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty), é amplamente utilizado em obras de bioengenharia de solos para a estabilização de encostas e taludes, aumentando a resistência do solo ao cisalhamento. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito do desenvolvimento do capim vetiver em diferentes doses de adubo orgânico para uso na estabilização do solo. Foi conduzido ensaio experimental em casa de vegetação, em vasos, e testadas as seguintes doses de adubo orgânico: T0- 0 g (controle); T1-135 g; T2- 270 g e T3- 405 g de adubo orgânico. Foram avaliadas as variáveis Matéria Seca da Parte Aérea (MSPA), Matéria Seca das Raízes (MSR), Comprimento de Raizes (CR), Números de Perfilhos por Planta (NPP), e Altura da Planta (AP). Os dados coletados foram submetidos a análise de regressão a 5% de probabilidade. As variáveis analisadas apresentaram valores crescentes à medida que foi disponibilizado maiores quantidades do adubo orgânico, que disponibilizou gradativamente nutrientes ao solo promovendo o melhor desenvolvimento da parte aérea pela maior disponibilidade de nitrogênio e assim potencializando maior cobertura ao solo.

ABSTRACT The use of organic fertilizers facilitates the production of plant species compared to industrial fertilizers, with a remarkable contribution to soil and water conservation through soil structuring. Vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty) is widely used in soil bioengineering projects to stabilize slopes, increasing the resistance of the soil to shear strength. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the development of vetiver grass at different doses of organic fertilizer on soil stabilization. An experimental test was carried out in a greenhouse, in pots, using the following doses of organic fertilizer: T0-0 g (control); T1-135 g; T2-270 g and T3-405 g of organic fertilizer. Shoot Dry Matter (SDM), Root Dry Matter (RDM), Root Length (RL), Number of Tillers per Plant (NT) and Plant Height (PH) were evaluated. The collected data were submitted to regression analysis at 5% probability. The analysed variables showed increasing values as greater amounts of organic fertilizer, leading to an increase in soil nutrient availability and, consequently, to improved plant development.

RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a variável meteorológica com maior contribuição na produtividade de colmos de cana-de-açúcar na região noroeste e central do Rio Grande do Sul. Os genótipos de cana-de-açúcar utilizados foram: UFSM XIKA FW, UFSM LUCI FW, UFSM PRETA FW, UFSM DINA FW, UFSM MARI FW, IAC87-3396. As cultivares UFSM são provenientes do processo de mutação do programa de melhoramento da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, campus de Frederico Westphalen, e possuem tolerância a baixas temperaturas. Os caracteres morfológicos responsáveis pela produtividade utilizados nos modelos foram diâmetro médio de colmo, número médio de colmos por metro de sulco e estatura média de colmos. As variáveis meteorológicas utilizadas foram a temperatura mínima do ar, precipitação pluviométrica, radiação solar incidente e soma térmica acumulada. Foi realizada a correlação de Pearson, correlações canônicas e regressão de Stepwise entre os caracteres morfológicos e as variáveis meteorológicas, nos quais foi constado que a temperatura mínima do ar é a variável com maior influência na produtividade da cana-de-açúcar nas regiões estudadas e, que a soma térmica acumulada é a variável com maior correlação e contribuição no diâmetro de colmo e estatura média dos colmos. Desse modo, os modelos indicam que o crescimento da cana-de-açúcar responde de forma positiva a soma térmica acumulada, e as regiões em estudo apresentam potencial para o cultivo da cana-de-açúcar.

ABSTRACT: This study determined the meteorological variable that most contribute to the productivity of sugarcane stalks in the northwest and central regions of Rio Grande do Sul. The following sugarcane genotypes were used: UFSM XIKA FW, UFSM LUCI FW, UFSM PRETA FW, UFSM DINA FW, UFSM MARI FW, and IAC87-3396. The UFSM cultivars originate from a mutation process in the breeding program conducted at the Federal University of Santa Maria, Frederico Westphalen campus, and have low temperature tolerance. The productivity-associated morphological characters included in the models were average stem diameter, average stem number per meter of furrow, and average stem height. The following meteorological variables were used: minimum air temperature, precipitation, incident solar radiation, and accumulated thermal sum. Pearson’s correlation, canonical correlations, and Stepwise regression were performed between morphological characters and meteorological variables: minimum air temperature had the greatest influence on sugarcane productivity in the studied regions, and accumulated thermal sum showed the highest correlation and contributed most to stem diameter and average stem height. Thus, the models indicated that the growth of sugarcane is positively associated with the accumulated thermal sum, and sugarcane can be cultivated at the studied regions.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate if the perconditioning affects the antioxidant capacity in mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion injury. Methods: Twenty-one Wistar rats were assigned into three groups, as follows: Sham, IR and rPER. The animals were subjected to mesenteric ischemia for 30 min. rPER consisted of three cycles of 5-min hindlimb ischemia followed by 5 min hindlimb perfusion at the same time to mesenteric ischemic period. After 5 minutes, blood and 5 cm of terminal ileum were harvested for thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) measurement. Results: rPER technique was able to reduce intestinal tissue TBARS levels (p<0.0001), but no statistic difference was observed in blood levels between groups, although it was verified similar results in rPER and Sham group. rPER technique also enhanced TEAC levels in both blood (p = 0.0314) and intestinal tissue (p = 0.0139), compared to IR group. Conclusions: rPER appears as the most promising technique to avoid IR injury. This technique reduced TBARS levels in blood and intestinal tissue and promoted the maintenance of antioxidant defense in mesenteric acute injury.

Abstract The ultrastructural and mechanical properties of enamel surface were evaluated after prolonged bleaching treatments with 10% carbamide peroxide in the presence or absence of orange juice (erosive challenge) and toothbrushing (abrasive challenge). In total, 145 incisor bovine teeth were used in this study. Twenty-five samples were prepared for the ultrastructural evaluations, and 120 samples were prepared for microhardness and roughness tests. These 120 samples were divided into eight experimental groups (n = 15): G1- artificial saliva; G2- abrasion; G3- erosion; G4- dental bleaching; G5- erosion + abrasion; G6- bleaching + abrasion; G7- bleaching + erosion; and G8- bleaching + erosion + abrasion. All groups were tested at T0 (before treatment), T1 (14 days), T2 (21 days), and T3 (28 days). Two-way analysis of variance for repeated measures and the post hoc Sidak tests (p ≤ 0.05) were used. The roughness evaluation demonstrated an increase in damage for all experimental groups with an increase in the time period. For microhardness, the groups exposed to artificial saliva (AS) and abrasive challenge did not show any differences at any time points, while the other groups showed a decrease in microhardness from T0 to T3. Ultrastructural evaluation showed different surface alterations in response to the treatments. Despite prolonged bleaching periods, the procedure caused lesser enamel surface alterations than exposure to orange juice alone or in combination with brushing.

Resumo Com base em uma revisão do conceito de eudaimonia, o estudo propõe uma definição para o constructo experiência turística eudaimônica e identifica 15 potenciais dimensões constituintes do constructo, a partir de uma extensa revisão da literatura nos domínios da psicologia positiva, psicologia existencial-humanista, psicologia do desenvolvimento (estudos sobre a formação da identidade na linha Eriksoniana) e do turismo (estudos sobre experiência turística transformadora). Com o objetivo de validar as dimensões teorizadas, um levantamento com 569 sujeitos foi empreendido e a análise fatorial exploratória sobre os dados extraiu seis fatores (Alteridade e Benevolência, Intimidade e Pertencimento, Significância pessoal, Abertura ao novo, Autonomia e Amadurecimento) que explicaram 62,636% da variância total. Com forte fundamentação teórica e empírica, o estudo buscou contribuir com o entendimento dos processos transformativos proporcionados pelas experiências turísticas, fornecendo uma estrutura multidimensional para experiências eudaimônicas em contextos turísticos.

Abstract Based on a review of the concept of eudaimonia, the study proposes a definition for the eudaimonic tourist experience construct and identifies 15 potential constituent dimensions of the construct, from an extensive literature review in the domains of positive psychology, existential-humanistic psychology, developmental psychology (studies on identity formation in the Eriksonian stream) and tourism (studies on transformative tourism experience). In order to validate the theorized dimensions, a survey with 569 subjects was undertaken. The results of the exploratory factor analysis revealed six factors (Alterity and Benevolence, Intimacy and Belonging, Personal meaningfulness, Openness to the new, Autonomy and Maturity), which accounted for 62.636% of the total variance. Through strong theoretical and empirical foundation, the study aimed to contribute to the understanding of the transformative processes provided by tourist experiences, proposing a multidimensional structure for eudaimonic experiences in tourism contexts.

Resumen Com base en una revisión del concepto de eudaimonía, el estudio propone una definición para el constructo experiencia turística eudaimónica e identifica 15 potenciales dimensiones constituyentes del constructo, a partir de una extensa revisión de la literatura en los ámbitos de la psicología positiva, psicología existencial-humanista, psicología del desarrollo (estudios sobre la formación de la identidad en la línea Eriksoniana) y del turismo (estudios sobre la experiencia turística transformadora). Con el objetivo de validar las dimensiones teorizadas, una encuesta con 569 sujetos es emprendida y el análisis factorial exploratorio sobre los datos extrajo seis factores (Alteridad y Benevolencia, Intimidad y Pertenencia, Significación personal, Apertura al nuevo, Autonomía y maduración) que explicaron el 62,636% de la varianza total. Com fuerte fundamentación teórica y empírica, el estudio buscó contribuir con el entendimiento de los procesos transformativos proporcionados por las experiencias turísticas, proporcionando una estructura multidimensional para experiencias eudaimónicas en contextos turísticos.

Resumo Em setores extremamente dinâmicos, cuja estrutura não se revela tão evidente, tanto a abordagem fundamentada no paradigma Estrutura-Conduta-Desempenho, quanto a abordagem baseada nos recursos se mostram limitadas para explicar as fontes das vantagens competitivas das firmas e o desempenho alcançado a partir de suas escolhas estratégicas. Nesse contexto, ao enfatizar o ajuste da firma às transformações de ambientes extremamente dinâmicos e o enfrentamento dos desafios impostos por setores voláteis, por meio da integração, reconfiguração e renovação de seus recursos, competências e capacidades, a perspectiva das capacidades dinâmicas se apresenta como abordagem promissora não só para o entendimento das fontes de vantagens sustentáveis das firmas, mas de como tais vantagens são desenvolvidas e implementadas. O artigo consiste em um ensaio teórico que analisa o conceito de capacidades dinâmicas a partir das principais definições coletadas na literatura, fazendo uma síntese conclusiva e discutindo acerca das contribuições teóricas consultadas. Os autores propõem um modelo teórico das relações entre dimensões de capacidades dinâmicas para explicar a construção e a sustentação da vantagem competitiva, tendo a construção de sentido (sense-making) como capacidade fundamental, determinante para a melhoria da eficácia das demais capacidades dinâmicas, constituindo elemento unificador entre elas e possibilitando o direcionamento das decisões e escolhas estratégicas da firma.

Abstract In extremely dynamic sectors, whose structure is not so evident, both the approach based on the Structure-Conduct-Performance paradigm and the approach based on firm resources are limited to explain the sources of competitive advantages and the performance achieved by firms from their strategic choices. In this context, by focusing on the firm's adjustment to changes in highly dynamic environments, as well on the firm’s facing challenges posed by volatile sectors, through integration, reconfiguration, renovation and allocation of its resources, skills and capabilities, the perspective of dynamic capabilities comes out as a promising approach to strategy studies not only to understand the sources of firm’s sustainable advantages, but also to comprehend how such advantages are developed and implemented. The article consists of a theoretical essay that analyzes the concept of dynamic capabilities from the main definitions collected in the literature, by carrying out a conclusive synthesis and arguing about consulted theoretical contributions. The authors propose a theoretical model for the relationship among dynamic capabilities dimensions in order to explain how firms achieve and sustain competitive advantage, and also present the sense-making as a fundamental capacity for improving the effectiveness of other dynamic capabilities, serving as unifying element among them and favoring the alignment of the firm’s strategic choices.

Abstract Blends of zein and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVAl) were processed in an internal mixer (150ºC, 50 rpm) for 5-8 minutes. Glycerol and oleic acid were used as plasticizers. The mixtures obtained were then compression molded and further characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), water-absorption experiments, mechanical tests, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FTIR analysis indicated the existence of hydrogen bonding interactions between zein and PVAl. Tensile tests showed that the addition of PVAl increased the flexibility of the blends. The tensile strength ranged from 1.7 to 5.7 MPa, elongation at break ranged from 2.7 to 32% and Young’s modulus ranged from 433 to 7371 MPa. Water absorption at equilibrium decreased with increasing zein content, which favored a brittle behavior in the zein/PVAl. The blends were immiscible in the composition studied and the presence of voids indicated poor interfacial interaction between the polymers.

BACKGROUND Serological evidence of West Nile virus (WNV) infection has been reported in different regions of Brazil from equine and human hosts but the virus had never been isolated in the country. OBJECTIVES We sought to identify the viral etiology of equine encephalitis in Espírito Santo state. METHODS We performed viral culture in C6/36 cells, molecular detection of WNV genome, histopathology and immunohistochemistry from horse cerebral tissue. We also carried out sequencing, phylogenetic analysis and molecular clock. FINDINGS Histopathologic analysis from horse cerebral tissue showed injury related to encephalitis and WNV infection was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. The virus was detected by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) from brain tissue and subsequently isolated in C6/36 cells. WNV full-length genome was sequenced showing the isolated strain belongs to lineage 1a. The molecular clock indicated that Brazilian WNV strain share the same common ancestor that were circulating in US during 2002-2005. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Here we report the first isolation of WNV in Brazil from a horse with neurologic disease, which was clustered into lineage 1a with others US WNV strains isolated in beginning of 2000’s decade.

Abstract Background Complement component 4 (C4) gene copy number (GCN) affects the susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in different populations, however the possible phenotype significance remains to be determined. This study aimed to associate C4A , C4B and total C4 GCN and SLE, focusing on the clinical phenotype and disease progression. Methods C4 , C4A and C4B GCN were determined by real-time PCR in 427 SLE patients and 301 healthy controls, which underwent a detailed clinical evaluation according to a pre-established protocol. Results The risk of developing SLE was 2.62 times higher in subjects with low total C4 GCN (< 4 copies, OR = 2.62, CI = 1.77 to 3.87, p < 0.001) and 3.59 times higher in subjects with low C4A GCN (< 2 copies; OR = 3.59, CI = 2.15 to 5.99, p < 0.001) compared to those subjects with normal or high GCN of total C4 (≥4) and C4A (≥2), respectively. An increased risk was also observed regarding low C4B GCN, albeit to a lesser degree (OR = 1.46, CI = 1.03 to 2.08, p = 0.03). Furthermore, subjects with low C4A GCN had higher permanent disease damage as assessed by the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics – Damage Index (SLICC-DI; median = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.2–1.9) than patients with normal or high copy number of C4A (median = 1.0, 95% CI = 0.8–1.1; p = 0.004). There was a negative association between low C4A GCN and serositis ( p = 0.02) as well as between low C4B GCN and arthritis ( p = 0.02). Conclusions This study confirms the association between low C4 GCN and SLE susceptibility, and originally demonstrates an association between low C4A GCN and disease severity.

Abstract: Despite its economic importance, the microclimate in soybean canopies has not yet been studied in detail. Such a study can yield valuable information regarding the interaction of a crop with its environment. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the solar radiation dynamic and yield responses for each canopy strata for two soybean cultivars with determined and undetermined growth habits. A field study was conducted during the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 growing seasons in the city of Frederico Westphalen, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The cultivar NA6411, with a determinate growth habit, presented a greater interception of radiation in the middle and lower canopies strata which results in higher soybean yield when compared to the cultivar TEC6029, and thus, can be recommended for cultivation in crop production systems. The contribution of the middle and upper canopy strata to the total yield formation was greater than that observed in the lower canopy strata due to the greater interception of solar radiation by these strata. To increase soybean yields, new studies regarding the microclimatic conditions of the soybean canopy should be developed to improve the maximum potential yield of the new soybean cultivars.