In this study, we aimed to investigate the anticancer activity of the extract, fractions, and isolated compounds of the flowers of Fridericia platyphylla, and to characterize the bioactive compounds. The chemical diversity of the extracts and fractions was investigated using liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). We were able to annotate 26 compounds from the classes of flavones, flavonols, flavanones, isoflavones, and cinnamic acid and its derivatives. The dichloromethane fraction showed greater cytotoxicity at a concentration of 100 µg mL−1. In addition, the inhibitory concentrations of the dichloromethane fraction were 22.14 and 30.9 µg mL−1 for MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines, respectively, and were capable of inhibiting tumor cell migration. Brachydins A and C were isolated from the dichloromethane fraction and showed the greatest cytotoxicity. The results obtained from this study show the potential biological effect of F. platyphylla flowers as a possible antitumor pharmacological agent. extract LCHRMS. LCHRMS LC HRMS . (LC-HRMS) 2 flavones flavonols flavanones isoflavones derivatives 10 mL1 mL 1 addition 2214 22 14 22.1 309 30 9 30. mL− MCF7 MCF 7 MCF- MDAMB231 MDAMB MDA MB 231 MDA-MB-23 lines respectively migration F agent (LC-HRMS 221 22. 3 MDAMB23 23 MDA-MB-2 MDAMB2 MDA-MB- MDA-MB

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the use of microalgae meal (Aurantiochytrium sp. and Nannochloropsis spp.) as a substitute for fish oil in the diet of shrimp Penaeus vannamei reared in a clear water system. In the diet of these animals, the concentration of fish oil decreased as microalgae meal was inserted, and these were used in five different substitutions: 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%. The treatments were carried out in triplicate, and after 49 days of cultivation, the zootechnical parameters and the composition of fatty acids in the animals’ muscles were analyzed. In zootechnical performance, the shrimp obtained an average final weight of 16.59 ± 0.3 g, and the growth was approximately 1.89 ± 0.30 g week−1. In addition, feed conversion was, on average, 1.47 ± 0.28, and survival was greater than 97%. However, no significant difference was observed in these parameters. Regardless of the levels of fish oil replacement by microalgae meal, the composition of fatty acids in the shrimp muscle was ensured, as well as their quantity within groups, such as n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Thus, with the results obtained in the present study, it is suggested that it is possible to formulate a high-performance diet without any ingredients of marine origin (fish oil or fish meal), contributing to aquaculture's sustainability.

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Lung cancer (LC) is a relevant public health problem in Brazil and worldwide, given its high incidence and mortality. Thus, the objective of this study is to analyze the distribution of smoking and smoking status according to sociodemographic characteristics and disparities in access, treatment, and mortality due to LC in Brazil in 2013 and 2019. METHOD Retrospective study of triangulation of national data sources: a) analysis of the distribution of smoking, based on the National Survey of Health (PNS); b) investigation of LC records via Hospital-based Cancer Registry (HCR); and c) distribution of mortality due to LC in the Mortality Information System (SIM). RESULTS There was a decrease in the percentage of people who had never smoked from 2013 (68.5%) to 2019 (60.2%) and in smoking history (pack-years). This was observed to be greater in men, people of older age groups, and those with less education. Concerning patients registered in the HCR, entry into the healthcare service occurs at the age of 50, and only 19% have never smoked. While smokers in the population are mainly Mixed-race, patients in the HCR are primarily White. As for the initial stage (I and II), it is more common in White people and people who have never smoked. The mortality rate varied from 1.00 for people with higher education to 3.36 for people without education. Furthermore, White people have a mortality rate three times higher than that of Black and mixed-race people. CONCLUSION This article highlighted relevant sociodemographic disparities in access to LC diagnosis, treatment, and mortality. Therefore, the recommendation is to strengthen the Population-Based Cancer Registry and develop and implement a nationwide LC screening strategy in Brazil since combined prevention and early diagnosis strategies work better in controlling mortality from the disease and continued investment in tobacco prevention and control policies.

RESUMO INTRODUÇÃO O câncer de pulmão (CP) é um relevante problema de saúde pública no Brasil e no mundo, dada sua alta incidência e mortalidade. Assim, objetiva-se analisar a distribuição do tabagismo e da carga tabágica segundo características sociodemográficas e disparidades no acesso, no tratamento e na mortalidade por CP no Brasil, em 2013 e 2019. MÉTODO Estudo retrospectivo de triangulação de fontes de dados de abrangência nacional: a) análise da distribuição do tabagismo, baseada na Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS); b) investigação dos registros de CP, via Registros Hospitalares de Câncer (RHC); e c) distribuição da mortalidade por CP, no Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM). RESULTADOS Verificou-se redução do percentual de pessoas que nunca fumaram de 2013 (68,5%) para 2019 (60,2%), assim como da carga tabágica (anos-maço). Esta foi observada maior em homens em pessoas de faixas etárias mais avançadas e de menor escolaridade. Em relação aos pacientes registrados no RHC, a entrada no serviço de saúde se dá a partir de 50 anos, e apenas 19% nunca fumaram. Ao passo que os fumantes na população são majoritariamente pardos, os pacientes no RHC são em maioria brancos. Quanto ao estadiamento inicial (I e II), é mais frequente em pessoas brancas e que nunca fumaram. A taxa de mortalidade apresentou variação de 1,00, para pessoas com ensino superior, a 3,36, entre pessoas sem instrução, assim como pessoas brancas têm uma taxa de mortalidade três vezes maior que a de pessoas negras e pardas. CONCLUSÃO Este artigo apontou relevantes disparidades sociodemográficas no acesso ao diagnóstico, tratamento e mortalidade do CP. Assim, recomenda-se: fortalecer o Registro de Câncer de Base Populacional; desenvolver e implementar estratégia de screening de CP no Brasil, uma vez que a realização de estratégias de prevenção e diagnóstico precoce combinadas funcionam melhor no controle da mortalidade pela doença; e investimento contínuo nas políticas de prevenção e controle do tabagismo.

RESUMO: A leishmaniose canina (LC) é uma doença causada pelo protozoário Leishmania infantum com diversas manifestações clínicas, incluindo alterações osteoarticulares. A membrana sinovial é o local inicial de eventos patogênicos em todos os tipos de doenças articulares mediadas pelo sistema imunológico. Devido a essa relação, o objetivo foi avaliar a influência da infecção natural por L. infantum nas características do líquido sinovial e na expressão de TLR-2, FOXP3 e COX-2 na membrana sinovial. Cães naturalmente infectados por L. infantum (NID, N=20) foram obtidos na Unidade de Vigilância de Zoonoses (UVZ). Critérios clínicos ortopédicos foram avaliados, assim como foram obtidas amostras de líquido sinovial por artrocentese. O volume, aspecto, viscosidade, contagem total de células nucleadas (TNC) e contagem de neutrófilos e proteína total (PT) no líquido sinovial (LS) foram determinados. Os cães foram anestesiados e posteriormente eutanasiados para obtenção da membrana sinovial. Os animais do estudo apresentaram claudicação (55%), edema (25%), crepitação na articulação do joelho (30%) e luxação patelar medial (20%) e foram positivos no teste da gaveta (25%). Trinta por cento (30%) dos cães apresentaram erosão bilateral do osso subcondral, menisco e tróclea. Amastigotas de L. infantum foram visualizadas extracelularmente e dentro de macrófagos (60% dos animais). Os cães foram ainda divididos em três grupos de acordo com a concentração de proteína no líquido sinovial: GI: 2 a 2,5g/dL (valor de referência normal), GII: 2,5 a 6,0g/dL, GIII: >6g/dL. Infiltrado celular inflamatório, bem como aumento da camada da membrana sinovial, foram identificados em 70% (14/20) dos cães. O infiltrado inflamatório estava ausente em membranas sinoviais originadas de GI, presente em GII com intensidade moderada e presente em GIII com intensidade alta. O infiltrado inflamatório era predominantemente composto por macrófagos, linfócitos e neutrófilos. Houve um aumento na expressão dos marcadores TLR2 e COX2 em GIII em comparação com os grupos GII e GI. Contudo, em relação à expressão de FOXP3, houve uma marcação moderada em GI e apenas uma marcação leve em GII e GIII. Este trabalho reforça o papel da infecção por L. infantum no desenvolvimento de lesões articulares em cães. Além disso, nosso estudo indica que a LC modifica a expressão de TLR2, FOXP3 e COX2 na membrana sinovial, o que implica a manutenção e progressão do processo inflamatório. RESUMO (LC clínicas osteoarticulares imunológico L TLR 2, TLR-2 FOXP COX COX- NID, NID (NID N=20 N20 N 20 UVZ. UVZ . (UVZ) avaliados artrocentese volume aspecto viscosidade TNC (TNC PT (PT LS (LS determinados 55%, 55 55% , (55%) 25%, 25 25% (25%) 30% 30 (30% 20% (20% 25%. subcondral tróclea 60% 60 (60 animais. animais) 25gdL gdL 5g dL g valor normal, normal normal) 5 60gdL 6 0g 6,0g/dL 6gdL 6g >6g/dL 70 14/20 1420 14 (14/20 alta Contudo disso TLR- N=2 N2 (UVZ (55% (25% 3 (30 (20 (6 7 14/2 142 1 (14/2 N= (55 (25 (3 (2 ( 14/ (14/ (5 (14 (1

ABSTRACT: Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is a multifaceted disease triggered by the protozoan Leishmania infantum, characterized by diverse clinical presentations, including osteoarticular complications. Immune-mediated joint diseases invariably initiate at the synovial membrane, implicating its pivotal role in arthritis pathogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the influence of natural L. infantum infection on synovial fluid characteristics and the expression of immune markers, including TLR-2, FOXP3, and COX-2, in the synovial membrane. Twenty naturally infected dogs (NID) with L. infantum were sourced from the Zoonosis Surveillance Unit (ZSU). Clinical-orthopedic assessments were conducted, encompassing lameness, joint edema, crepitus, patellar luxation, and the drawer test. Synovial fluid (SF) parameters, including volume, appearance, viscosity, total nucleated cell count (TNC), neutrophil count, and total protein (TP) content, were determined. After anesthesia and euthanasia, synovial membrane specimens were obtained. SF protein concentrations categorized dogs into three groups: GI (2 to 2.5g/dL), GII (2.5 to 6.0g/dL), and GIII (>6g/dL). Inflammatory infiltrates and synovial membrane changes were assessed, and immunohistochemistry evaluated TLR-2, FOXP3, and COX-2 marker expressions. Clinical evaluations revealed various osteoarticular abnormalities in NID dogs, including lameness (55%), joint edema (25%), crepitus (30%), patellar luxation (20%), and positive drawer test (25%). Post mortem examinations revealed bilateral subchondral bone, meniscus, and trochlea erosion in 30% of cases. Amastigotes of L. infantum were identified extracellularly and within macrophages (60%). An inflammatory infiltrate was predominant in 70% of dogs, with varying intensity among the groups. Mononuclear cells, chiefly macrophages and lymphocytes, and neutrophils comprised the infiltrate. TLR-2 and COX-2 expression levels were elevated in GIII compared to GII and GI. Conversely, FOXP3 showed moderate expression in GI and minimal expression in GII and GIII. This study underscores the contributory role of L. infantum infection in the development of joint lesions in CanL. Additionally, alterations in the expression of immune markers TLR2, FOXP3, and COX2 within the synovial membrane imply the perpetuation and exacerbation of the inflammatory processes, shedding light on the intricate pathogenesis of CanL-induced arthritis. ABSTRACT CanL (CanL presentations complications Immunemediated Immune mediated L TLR2 TLR 2, 2 FOXP COX2, COX (NID ZSU. ZSU . (ZSU) Clinicalorthopedic orthopedic conducted (SF parameters volume appearance viscosity TNC, TNC , (TNC) TP (TP content determined euthanasia obtained groups ( 2.5g/dL, 25gdL gdL 2.5g/dL 5g dL g 2.5g/dL) 2.5 25 5 (2. 6.0g/dL, 60gdL 6.0g/dL 6 0g 6.0g/dL) >6g/dL. 6gdL >6g/dL 6g (>6g/dL) assessed COX- expressions 55%, 55 55% (55%) 25%, 25% (25%) 30%, 30 (30%) 20%, 20 20% (20%) 25%. bone meniscus cases 60%. 60 60% (60%) 70 cells lymphocytes TLR- Conversely Additionally processes CanLinduced induced (ZSU (TNC 2. (>6g/dL (55% (25% 3 (30% (20% (60% 7 (55 (25 (30 (20 (60 (5 (3 (6

RESUMO INTRODUÇÃO O câncer de pulmão (CP) é um relevante problema de saúde pública no Brasil e no mundo, dada sua alta incidência e mortalidade. Assim, objetiva-se analisar a distribuição do tabagismo e da carga tabágica segundo características sociodemográficas e disparidades no acesso, no tratamento e na mortalidade por CP no Brasil, em 2013 e 2019. MÉTODO Estudo retrospectivo de triangulação de fontes de dados de abrangência nacional: a) análise da distribuição do tabagismo, baseada na Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS); b) investigação dos registros de CP, via Registros Hospitalares de Câncer (RHC); e c) distribuição da mortalidade por CP, no Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM). RESULTADOS Verificou-se redução do percentual de pessoas que nunca fumaram de 2013 (68,5%) para 2019 (60,2%), assim como da carga tabágica (anos-maço). Esta foi observada maior em homens em pessoas de faixas etárias mais avançadas e de menor escolaridade. Em relação aos pacientes registrados no RHC, a entrada no serviço de saúde se dá a partir de 50 anos, e apenas 19% nunca fumaram. Ao passo que os fumantes na população são majoritariamente pardos, os pacientes no RHC são em maioria brancos. Quanto ao estadiamento inicial (I e II), é mais frequente em pessoas brancas e que nunca fumaram. A taxa de mortalidade apresentou variação de 1,00, para pessoas com ensino superior, a 3,36, entre pessoas sem instrução, assim como pessoas brancas têm uma taxa de mortalidade três vezes maior que a de pessoas negras e pardas. CONCLUSÃO Este artigo apontou relevantes disparidades sociodemográficas no acesso ao diagnóstico, tratamento e mortalidade do CP. Assim, recomenda-se: fortalecer o Registro de Câncer de Base Populacional; desenvolver e implementar estratégia de screening de CP no Brasil, uma vez que a realização de estratégias de prevenção e diagnóstico precoce combinadas funcionam melhor no controle da mortalidade pela doença; e investimento contínuo nas políticas de prevenção e controle do tabagismo. (CP mundo Assim objetivase objetiva 201 nacional PNS (PNS) b (RHC) c SIM. SIM . (SIM) Verificouse Verificou 68,5% 685 68 5 (68,5% 60,2%, 602 60,2% , 60 2 (60,2%) anosmaço. anosmaço anos maço (anos-maço) escolaridade 19 pardos brancos I II, II II) 100 1 00 1,00 superior 336 3 36 3,36 instrução pardas recomendase recomenda recomenda-se Populacional doença 20 (PNS (RHC (SIM 68,5 6 (68,5 60,2 (60,2% (anos-maço 10 0 1,0 33 3,3 68, (68, 60, (60,2 1, 3, (68 (60, (6 (60 (

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Lung cancer (LC) is a relevant public health problem in Brazil and worldwide, given its high incidence and mortality. Thus, the objective of this study is to analyze the distribution of smoking and smoking status according to sociodemographic characteristics and disparities in access, treatment, and mortality due to LC in Brazil in 2013 and 2019. METHOD Retrospective study of triangulation of national data sources: a) analysis of the distribution of smoking, based on the National Survey of Health (PNS); b) investigation of LC records via Hospital-based Cancer Registry (HCR); and c) distribution of mortality due to LC in the Mortality Information System (SIM). RESULTS There was a decrease in the percentage of people who had never smoked from 2013 (68.5%) to 2019 (60.2%) and in smoking history (pack-years). This was observed to be greater in men, people of older age groups, and those with less education. Concerning patients registered in the HCR, entry into the healthcare service occurs at the age of 50, and only 19% have never smoked. While smokers in the population are mainly Mixed-race, patients in the HCR are primarily White. As for the initial stage (I and II), it is more common in White people and people who have never smoked. The mortality rate varied from 1.00 for people with higher education to 3.36 for people without education. Furthermore, White people have a mortality rate three times higher than that of Black and mixed-race people. CONCLUSION This article highlighted relevant sociodemographic disparities in access to LC diagnosis, treatment, and mortality. Therefore, the recommendation is to strengthen the Population-Based Cancer Registry and develop and implement a nationwide LC screening strategy in Brazil since combined prevention and early diagnosis strategies work better in controlling mortality from the disease and continued investment in tobacco prevention and control policies. (LC worldwide Thus treatment 201 sources PNS (PNS) b Hospitalbased Hospital (HCR) c SIM. SIM . (SIM) 68.5% 685 68 5 (68.5% 60.2% 602 60 2 (60.2% packyears. packyears pack years (pack-years) men groups 50 19 Mixedrace, Mixedrace Mixed race, race Mixed-race I II, II , II) 100 1 00 1.0 336 3 36 3.3 Furthermore mixedrace mixed Therefore PopulationBased Population Based policies 20 (PNS (HCR (SIM 68.5 6 (68.5 60.2 (60.2 (pack-years 10 0 1. 33 3. 68. (68. 60. (60. (68 (60 (6 (

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The risk of death due to tuberculosis (TB) in Brazil is high and strongly related to living conditions (LC). However, epidemiological studies investigating changes in LC and their impact on TB are lacking. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the impact of LC on TB mortality in Brazil. DESIGN AND SETTING: This ecological study, using panel data on spatial and temporal aggregates, was conducted in 1,614 municipalities between 2002 and 2015. METHODS: Data were collected from the Mortality Information System and the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The proxy variable used for LC was the Urban Health Index (UHI). Negative binomial regression models were used to estimate the effect of the UHI on TB mortality rate. Attributable risk (AR) was used as an impact measure. RESULTS: From 2002 to 2015, TB mortality rate decreased by 23.5%, and LC improved. The continuous model analysis resulted in an RR = 0.89 (95%CI = 0.82–0.96), so the AR was −12.3%. The categorized model showed an effect of 0.92 (95%CI = 0.83–0.95) in municipalities with intermediate LC and of 0.83 (95%CI = 0.82–0.91) in those with low LC, representing an AR for TB mortality of −8.7% and −20.5%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Improved LC impacted TB mortality, even when adjusted for other determinants. This impact was greater in the strata of low-LC municipalities. BACKGROUND (TB LC. . (LC) However lacking OBJECTIVES SETTING study aggregates 1614 1 614 1,61 200 2015 METHODS Statistics UHI. (UHI) (AR measure RESULTS 235 23 5 23.5% improved 089 0 89 0.8 95%CI 95CI CI 95 0.82–0.96, 082096 0.82–0.96 , 82 96 0.82–0.96) 123 12 3 −12.3% 092 92 0.9 0.83–0.95 083095 83 083 0.82–0.91 082091 91 87 8 7 −8.7 205 20 −20.5% respectively CONCLUSIONS determinants lowLC (LC 161 61 1,6 201 (UHI 2 23.5 08 0. 9 08209 0.82–0.9 −12.3 09 0.83–0.9 08309 −8. −20.5 16 6 1, 23. 0820 0.82–0. −12. 0.83–0. 0830 −8 −20. 082 0.82–0 −12 0.83–0 − −20 0.82– −1 0.83– −2 0.82

Marine pollution has become relevant for coastal conservation units and ecosystems of great ecological importance. This study validated analytical methods to investigate the occurrence of the emerging contaminants 17β-estradiol (E2), estrone (E1), estriol (E3), and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) in surface waters and suspended particulate matter (SPM) from Guaratuba Bay, South Atlantic, Brazil. The analysis was performed by liquid chromatography coupled to a fluorescence detector (LC-FLD) after pre-concentration of surface water samples by solid phase extraction (SPE) or solid-liquid extraction for SPM samples. The recovery percentages were between 48 and 87%, and the coefficient of variation (CV) between 3 and 24% for SPM and from 64 to 107% (CV of 4 to 42%) for surface water. The method thus proved to be accurate and precise at the concentrations studied (ng g−1 and µg L−1). The concentration ranged from 10 to 177 ng L−1 in surface waters and from 392 to 4108 ng g−1 in SPM. E2, EE2, and E3 were found in SPM under different climatic conditions and population occupation. EE2 was determined in all sampling campaigns, especially in summer, when the number of tourists increases considerably. The presence of EE2 in the SPM of Guaratuba Bay warns for possible implications for the health of coastal environments. importance 17βestradiol βestradiol 17β estradiol β E2 E , (E2) E1, E1 (E1) E3, (E3) 17αethinylestradiol αethinylestradiol 17α ethinylestradiol α EE (EE2 (SPM Atlantic Brazil LCFLD LC FLD (LC-FLD preconcentration pre SPE (SPE solidliquid 87 87% CV 24 6 107 42% 42 g1 g 1 g− L−1. L1 L . L−1) 17 L− 39 410 occupation campaigns summer considerably environments (E2 (E1 (E3 (EE 8 2 41 (E

Essential oils (EO) have diverse applications, such as antibacterial and antifungal activity. However, they are susceptible to oxidation in the presence of air, light, and moisture. In addition, they are thermally unstable. In this sense, it is necessary to develop techniques to increase the lifespan of EO. In this work, EO was obtained from cloves and characterized by different techniques. The major compounds found were eugenol (83%), eugenol acetate (9%), and β-caryophyllene (8%). The EO was encapsulated by extrusion using a microfluidic device. The sodium alginate was used as wall material, and the CaCl2 solution was used as a crosslinking agent. The microcapsule presented sizes of 164.7 ± 0.3 μm, with an encapsulation yield of 64 ± 14%. Functional characteristic groups of EO were observed in the microcapsule by infrared and Raman spectroscopies. The microcapsule increased the thermal decomposition of the EO from 162 to 230 °C. Release kinetics of the capsule was performed, with an equilibrium time of 72 h and release of 54% of the EO. Finally, the pure EO and encapsulated EO-microcapsules were applied in the Aedes aegypti larvae control, showing mean lethal concentration necessary to eliminate 50% (LC50) values of 74.4 and 96.9 μg mL-1 and lethal concentration necessary to eliminate 90% (LC90) of 106.2 and 133.3 μg mL-1 for pure EO and encapsulated EO, respectively. Therefore, it was concluded that these microcapsules have the potential for application in the Aedes aegypti larvae control. (EO applications activity However air light moisture addition unstable sense work 83%, 83 83% , (83%) 9%, 9 9% (9%) βcaryophyllene β caryophyllene 8%. 8 8% . (8%) device material CaCl agent 1647 164 7 164. 03 0 3 0. μm 6 14 14% spectroscopies 16 23 C °C performed 54 Finally EOmicrocapsules control 50 LC50 LC (LC50 744 74 4 74. 969 96 96. mL1 mL 1 mL- 90 LC90 (LC90 1062 106 2 106. 1333 133 133. respectively Therefore (83% (9% (8% 5 LC5 (LC5 LC9 (LC9 10 13 (83 (9 (8 (LC (

RESUMO A L-carnitina exerce um papel importante no transporte de ácidos graxos de cadeia longa até a mitocôndria para serem oxidados e tem sido incorporada em rações para animais com o objetivo de diminuir a deposição de gordura e aumentar a proteína muscular. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho zootécnico, o grau de esteatose no fígado e o potencial genotóxico em Astyanax lacustris alimentados com diferentes níveis de L-carnitina (LC). Juvenis de lambari-do-rabo-amarelo (n=140) foram distribuídos em 20 caixas de 70L, sete peixes em cada, em um sistema de recirculação de água com temperatura controlada (27±0,1⁰C). Os tratamentos com os níveis de suplementação foram: 0 (controle), 250, 500, 750 e 1000 mg de LC kg-1 de ração. As dietas foram fornecidas duas vezes ao dia, durante 60 dias. Os resultados mostraram que os diferentes níveis de LC não influenciaram (P>0,05) o ganho de peso; a sobrevivência, o índice viscerossomático e os hepatócitos do fígado apresentaram-se com aparência normal. No entanto, a suplementação com LC apresentou potencial genotóxico com diferença significativa (P<0,05) para alterações celulares quando comparada ao controle em concentrações superiores a 500mg kg-1. Lcarnitina L carnitina muscular zootécnico LC. . (LC) lambaridoraboamarelo lambari rabo amarelo n=140 n140 n 140 (n=140 2 70L cada 27±0,1⁰C. 2701⁰C C 27±0,1⁰C 27 1⁰C (27±0,1⁰C) controle, , (controle) 250 500 75 100 kg1 kg 1 kg- ração dia 6 dias P>0,05 P005 P 05 (P>0,05 peso sobrevivência apresentaramse apresentaram se normal entanto P<0,05 (P<0,05 kg1. 1. (LC n=14 n14 14 (n=14 (27±0,1⁰C (controle 25 50 7 10 P>0,0 P00 (P>0,0 P<0,0 (P<0,0 n=1 n1 (n=1 5 P>0, P0 (P>0, P<0, (P<0, n= (n= P>0 (P>0 P<0 (P<0 (n P> (P> P< (P< (P

ABSTRACT L-carnitine perform a major role in transporting long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondria, where they are oxidized. It has been used in animal diets to decrease fat and increase muscle protein. The aim of this study was to evaluate the zootechnical performance, degree of steatosis in the liver, and genotoxic potential in Astyanax lacustris fed with different levels of L-carnitine (LC). Yellowtail tetra juveniles (n = 140) were distributed in 20 tanks of 70 L, with seven fish in each, in a water recirculation system with controlled temperature (27±0.1⁰C). The treatments with different levels of L-carnitine supplementation were: 0 (control), 250, 500, 750, and 1000 mg of LC per kg of food. The diets were provided twice a day for 60 days. The results showed that the different levels of LC did not affect (P>0.05) weight gain, survival, viscerosomatic index, and the liver hepatocytes showed a normal appearance. However, the use of LC supplementation showed genotoxic potential with a significant difference (P<0.05) for cell alterations when compared to the control at concentrations above 500mg kg-1. Lcarnitine L carnitine longchain long chain mitochondria oxidized protein performance LC. . (LC) n 140 2 7 each 27±0.1⁰C. 2701⁰C C 27±0.1⁰C 27 1⁰C (27±0.1⁰C) control, , (control) 250 500 750 100 food 6 days P>0.05 P005 P 05 (P>0.05 gain survival index appearance However P<0.05 (P<0.05 kg1. kg1 1. 1 kg-1 (LC 14 (27±0.1⁰C (control 25 50 75 10 P>0.0 P00 (P>0.0 P<0.0 (P<0.0 kg- 5 P>0. P0 (P>0. P<0. (P<0. P>0 (P>0 P<0 (P<0 P> (P> P< (P< (P

ABSTRACT Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most diagnosed malignancies worldwide, and it is also the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Despite recent progress in screening programs, noninvasive accurate biomarkers are still needed in the CRC field. In this study, we evaluated and compared the urinary proteomic profiles of patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma and patients without cancer, aiming to identify potential biomarker proteins. Urine samples were collected from 9 patients with CRC and 9 patients with normal colonoscopy results. Mass spectrometry (label-free LC—MS/MS) was used to characterize the proteomic profile of the groups. Ten proteins that were differentially regulated were identified between patients in the experimental group and in the control group, with statistical significance with a p value ≤ 0.05. The only protein that presented upregulation in the CRC group was beta-2-microglobulin (B2M). Subsequent studies are needed to evaluate patients through different analysis approaches to independently verify and validate these biomarker candidates in a larger cohort sample. (CRC worldwide cancerrelated related deaths programs field study results labelfree label free LCMS/MS LCMSMS LC MS/MS MS LC—MS/MS groups 005 0 05 0.05 beta2microglobulin betamicroglobulin beta 2 microglobulin B2M. B2M BM . B M (B2M) sample LCMS MSMS 00 0.0 (B2M 0.

Abstract The toxic effects of venlafaxine (VLX) on aquatic organisms have already been verified and therefore are a proven matter of concern. Herein, we evaluated zebrafish embryos/adults after acute exposure to VLX. Embryos/larvae were exposed to different concentrations of VLX (100-1000 mg/L; 1.33 as a dilution factor), to evaluate mortality/developmental changos and to analyze biomarkers (0.002-100 mg/L). For adults, mortality, genotoxicity, and biomarkers were assessed in five different concentrations of VLX (1-100 mg/L). The median lethal concentration (LC50-168h) was 274.1 mg/L for embryos/larvae, and >100 mg/L for adults (LC50-96h). VLX decreased the heart rate frequency and caused premature hatching and lack of equilibrium in embryos/larvae exposed to different concentrations ranging from 100 to 562.5 mg/L. The activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was inhibited in larvae exposed to 1, 25 and 100 mg/L. Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity was reduced in both larvae and adults after exposure to different concentrations, mainly at 25 mg/L. For both larvae and adults, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity increased after 100 mg/L of VLX exposure. No DNA damage was observed in peripheral erythrocytes. Exposure to VLX may cause adverse effects on zebrafish in their early and adult life stages, interfering with embryo-larval development, and can induce physiological disturbances in adults. (VLX concern Herein embryosadults embryos Embryoslarvae Embryos 1001000 1000 (100-100 mgL mg L 133 1 33 1.3 factor, factor , factor) mortalitydevelopmental mortality developmental 0.002100 0002100 0.002 0 002 (0.002-10 . mg/L) genotoxicity 1100 (1-10 LC50168h LCh LC50 168h LC h (LC50-168h 2741 274 274. embryoslarvae >10 LC5096h. LC5096h 96h (LC50-96h) 10 5625 562 5 562. AChE (AChE 2 GlutathioneStransferase Glutathione S transferase GST (GST LDH (LDH erythrocytes stages embryolarval embryo larval development 100100 (100-10 13 3 1. 002100 0.00210 000210 0002 0.00 00 (0.002-1 110 (1-1 LC5 27 >1 (LC50-96h 56 10010 (100-1 00210 0.0021 00021 000 0.0 (0.002- 11 (1- > 1001 (100- 0021 0. (0.002 (1 (100 (0.00 ( (10 (0.0 (0. (0

Abstract In our study, we aimed to validate a method based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to quantify spironolactone (SPI) and its active metabolite canrenone (CAN) simultaneously in plasma samples to support in vivo experiments. Compounds were separated by using a C18 column with the isocratic elution of a mobile phase composed of 0.1% (v/v) formic acid in methanol-water (60:40 v/v) at a flow rate of 0.4 mL min−1. SPI and CAN were detected in na electrospray interface operating in a positive ionization mode and quantified using the selective ion mode monitoring of mass-charge ratios (m/z) of 439.0 for SPI and 363.1 for CAN. After calculating the matrix effect using theoretical equations, we observed the strong interference of plasma in the equipment-generated signal, which required creating analytical curves using the matrix as a solvent. The method was nevertheless linear (r 2 > 0.999) in a concentration range of 0.4-5.0 μg mL−1, as well as precise, with a coefficient of variation less than 5%. SPI’s and CAN’s recovery rates from the plasma ranged from 87.4% to 112.1%, while their limits of detection (i.e., 0.07 μg mL−1 and 0.03 μg mL−1, respectively) and quantification (i.e., 0.20 μg mL−1 and 0.08 μg mL−1, respectively) in the presence of plasma contaminants were low. Therefore, the bioanalytical method seems to be feasible for quantifying SPI and CAN in plasma. study chromatographymass chromatography mass LCMS LC MS (LC-MS (SPI (CAN experiments C C1 01 0 1 0.1 v/v vv v (v/v methanolwater methanol water 6040 60 40 (60:4 04 4 0. min1 min min−1 masscharge charge m/z mz m z (m/z 4390 439 439. 3631 363 363. equations equipmentgenerated equipment generated signal solvent r 0.999 0999 999 0.45.0 0450 5.0 5 0.4-5. mL1 precise 5% SPIs s CANs 874 87 87.4 1121 112 112.1% i.e., ie i e (i.e. 007 07 0.0 mL− 003 03 respectively 020 20 0.2 008 08 low Therefore 604 6 (60: min− 43 36 0.99 099 99 45 0.45. 045 50 5. 0.4-5 8 87. 11 112.1 i.e. (i.e 00 02 (60 3 0.9 09 9 0.45 0.4- 112. i.e (6 (

RESUMO Determinar a bioatividade de óleos essenciais extraídos de plantas é primordial para o desenvolvimento de alternativas de controle de insetos-praga em grãos armazenados. Objetivou-se investigar a bioatividade do óleo essencial de Piper aduncum L. para o controle de Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) e Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Cucujidae). Foram realizados bioensaios para determinar a toxicidade do óleo, efeitos subletais, comportamento de atratividade e iniciação de voo. Testes de toxicidade foram realizados, determinando-se as concentrações letais para 50 e 95 % dos insetos (CL50 e CL95). Também foram realizados testes com exposições subletais para C. ferrurineus, S. oryzae e S. zeamais, utilizando-se as suas respectivas CL5 (0,0002; 0,097; e 0,11 µL cm-2), para averiguar efeitos na atividade de atração ou repelência, e testes de voo. C. ferrugineus apresentou maior susceptibilidade CL50 (0,0005 µL cm-2) e CL95 (0,0012 µL cm-2), em relação a S. oryzae CL50 (0,35 µL cm-2) e CL95 (1,26 µL cm-2) e S. zeamais CL50 (0,39 µL cm-2) e CL95 (1,40 µL cm-2). A exposição à concentração subletal CL5 influenciou nas respostas comportamentais de atratividade/repelência e atividade de voo das espécies. O óleo apresentou efeito neutro para C. ferrugineus CL5 (0,0002 µL cm-2) e atrativo para S. oryzae e S. zeamais CL5 (0,097 e 0,11 µL cm-2), podendo ser considerado potencial inseticida para o controle de espécies de gorgulhos-praga de grãos armazenados. insetospraga praga armazenados Objetivouse Objetivou se L Coleoptera (Coleoptera Curculionidae, Curculionidae , Cucujidae. Cucujidae . Cucujidae) determinandose determinando 5 9 CL (CL5 CL95. CL95) C ferrurineus S utilizandose utilizando 0,0002 00002 0 0002 0,097 0097 097 011 11 0,1 cm2, cm2 cm 2 repelência 0,0005 00005 0005 (0,000 cm-2 CL9 0,0012 00012 0012 (0,001 0,35 035 35 (0,3 1,26 126 1 26 (1,2 0,39 039 39 1,40 140 40 (1,4 cm2. atratividaderepelência (0,09 gorgulhospraga gorgulhos (CL 0,000 0000 000 0,09 009 09 01 0, (0,00 cm- 0,001 0001 001 0,3 03 3 (0, 1,2 12 (1, 1,4 14 4 (0,0 0,00 00 0,0 (0 1, (1 (

ABSTRACT Determining the bioactivity of essential oils extracted from plants is crucial for the development of alternatives for controlling insect pests in stored grains. This study aimed to investigate the bioactivity of Piper aduncum L. essential oil for the control of Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Cucujidae). Bioassays were conducted to determine the oil toxicity, sublethal effects, attractiveness and flight initiation behavior. Toxicity tests were carried out to determine the lethal concentrations for 50 and 95 % of the insects (LC50 and LC95). Tests were also performed with sublethal exposures to C. ferrurineus, S. oryzae and S. zeamais, using their respective LC5 values (0.0002, 0.097 and 0.11 µL cm-2), to investigate effects on the attraction or repellency activity, as well as flight tests. C. ferrugineus showed greater LC50 (0.0005 µL cm-2) and LC95 (0.0012 µL cm-2) susceptibility, in relation to S. oryzae LC50 (0.35 µL cm-2) and LC95 (1.26 µL cm-2), and S. zeamais LC50 (0.39 µL cm-2) and LC95 (1.40 µL cm-2). The exposure to the sublethal LC5 concentration influenced the behavioral responses of attractiveness/repellency and flight activity. The oil had a neutral effect on C. ferrugineus LC5 (0.0002 µL cm-2) and an attractive effect on S. oryzae and S. zeamais LC5 (0.097 and 0.11 µL cm-2), and can be considered a potential insecticide for controlling pest weevil species of stored grains. grains L Coleoptera (Coleoptera Curculionidae, Curculionidae , Cucujidae. Cucujidae . Cucujidae) toxicity behavior 5 9 LC (LC5 LC95. LC95) C ferrurineus S 0.0002, 00002 0 0002 0097 097 0.09 011 11 0.1 cm2, cm2 cm 2 activity 0.0005 00005 0005 (0.000 cm-2 LC9 0.0012 00012 0012 (0.001 susceptibility 0.35 035 35 (0.3 1.26 126 1 26 (1.2 0.39 039 39 1.40 140 40 (1.4 cm2. attractivenessrepellency 0.0002 (0.09 (LC 0000 000 009 09 0.0 01 0. 0.000 (0.00 cm- 0.001 0001 001 0.3 03 3 (0. 1.2 12 (1. 1.4 14 4 (0.0 00 0.00 (0 1. (1 (

Resumo Poucas variedades de porta-enxertos são utilizadas para a limeira-ácida ‘Tahiti’, sendo que a diversificação se faz necessária, e o estudo das fases fenológicas de novas combinações copa/portaenxerto é importante para as estratégias de manejo do pomar. Objetivou-se avaliar a influência de diferentes porta-enxertos no somatório dos graus-dia (GD) e na fenologia das plantas, além da qualidade dos frutos de limeira-ácida ‘Tahiti IAC-5’, em Pindorama-SP. Foram marcados seis ramos em plantas enxertadas em 13 citrandarins (H), no limoeiro ‘Cravo’ (LC), no trifoliata ‘Flying Dragon’ (FD) e na tangerineira ‘Sunki’ (TS). A caracterização fenológica (antese à colheita) foi realizada utilizando-se de uma escala de notas. O acúmulo de GD (antese à colheita) foi determinado considerando-se a temperatura-base de 13 °C. Também foram avaliadas as características físicas (massa, altura, diâmetro e rendimento de suco) e químicas (acidez, sólidos solúveis totais e ratio) dos frutos. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com três repetições e uma planta por parcela. Os porta-enxertos estudados influenciaram no acúmulo de GD e na fenologia, identificando-se combinações precoces (H5, H73, H121, H135, H145, H152, FD - 1.558 a 1.676 GD e 135 a 146 dias) e mais tardias (H10, H14, H42, H47, H70, H150, H173, LC e TS - 1.694 a 1.829 GD e 148 a 157 dias) quanto à maturação de frutos. O ponto de colheita dos frutos de limeira-ácida ‘Tahiti’ enxertada no citrandarim H145 e no FD foi adiantado em torno de 20 dias em relação ao porta-enxerto padrão de LC. Os teores de sólidos solúveis totais e o tamanho dos frutos foram influenciados pelos porta-enxertos, entretanto, todas as combinações apresentaram frutos com características de qualidade dentro dos padrões comerciais.

Abstract Few rootstock varieties are used for ‘Tahiti’ acid lime; therefore, diversification is necessary and studying the phenological phases of new scion/rootstock combinations is important for orchard management strategies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different rootstocks on the sum of degree days (DD) and on the phenology of plants and also on the quality of ‘Tahiti’ acid lime fruits, in Pindorama, SP. Six branches were marked on plants grafted onto 13 citrandarins (H), ‘Rangpur’ lime (RL), ‘Flying Dragon’ trifoliate orange (FD) and ‘Sunki’ mandarin (SM). Phenological characterization (anthesis to harvest) was performed using a grading scale. DD accumulation (anthesis to harvest) was determined considering the base temperature of 13 °C. Physical (weight, height and diameter, juice yield) and chemical (acidity, total soluble solids and ratio) characteristics of fruits were also evaluated. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with three replicates and one plant per plot. The rootstocks under study influenced DD accumulation and phenology, with early (H5, H73, H121, H135, H145, H152, FD - 1,558 at 1,676 DD and 135 to 146 days) and later combinations (H10, H14, H42, H47, H70, H150, H173, RL and SM - 1,694 to 1,829 DD and 148 to 157 days) regarding fruit maturation. The harvest point of ‘Tahiti’ acid lime fruits grafted onto H145 citrandarin and FD was advanced about 20 days in relation to the standard rootstock, RL. Total soluble solids content and fruit size were influenced by rootstocks; however, all scion/rootstock combinations presented fruits with quality characteristics within commercial standards.

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar o impacto da utilização de diferentes equações de referência brasileiras para a distância percorrida no teste da caminhada de 6 minutos (TC6min) na avaliação da capacidade funcional de exercício em pacientes com câncer de pulmão (CP). Este estudo transversal incluiu 48 pacientes com CP (idade média de 60±12 anos). Os participantes foram submetidos à avaliação de características sociodemográficas, clínicas e da sua capacidade funcional de exercício com o TC6min, seguindo recomendações internacionais. Foram analisadas cinco equações. A distância percorrida pelos pacientes (503±102 metros) foi relativamente próxima às distâncias previstas pelas equações de referência (82-94% do previsto), embora estatisticamente inferior (p<0,05 para todas).

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to verify the impact of using different Brazilian reference equations for the distance covered in the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) in the evaluation of functional exercise capacity in patients with lung cancer (LC). This cross-sectional study included 48 patients with LC (average age of 60±12 years-old). The participants underwent an assessment of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and their functional exercise capacity with the 6MWT, following international recommendations. Five equations were analyzed. The distance covered by the patients (503±102 meters) was relatively close to the distances predicted by the reference equations (82-94% of the predicted), although statistically lower (p<0.05 for all).

RESUMEN El objetivo de este estudio fue verificar el impacto de diferentes ecuaciones de referencia brasileñas para la distancia recorrida en la prueba de caminata de 6 minutos (PC6min) en la evaluación de la capacidad de ejercicio funcional en pacientes con cáncer de pulmón (CP). Este estudio transversal incluyó a 48 pacientes con CP (promedio de edad de 60±12 años). Se evaluó las características sociodemográficas, clínicas y la capacidad funcional de los participantes para ejercitarse en la PC6min según los criterios internacionales. Se analizaron cinco ecuaciones. La distancia recorrida por los pacientes (503±102 metros) estuvo relativamente cerca de las distancias predichas por las ecuaciones de referencia (82-94% del predicho), aunque son estadísticamente menores (p<0,05 para todas).