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The official presentation to science of a new species of Hechtia (Bromeliaceae: Hechtioideae) from the Pacific Lowlands in Mexico
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Ramírez Morillo, Ivón

; Ramírez-Díaz, Claudia J.

; Magaña Rueda, Patricia

; Tapia-Muñoz, José Luis

; Rivera Martínez, Ricardo

Botanical Sciences

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Jun 2024, Volume 102 Nº 2 Páginas 586 - 597

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Background: Hechtia is characterized by its terrestrial, succulent rosettes, dioecy, and unisexual, dimorphic flowers, mainly fragrant. The paucity and fragmentary herbarium material limit the species recognition but living material reveals diagnostic characters to delimitate them. Hypothesis: Hechtia species are circumscribed by a combination of vegetative and floral characters of both sexes. If the new taxon does not share morphological characters with other species, it will be described as new. Taxon: Hechtia. Study site and dates: Chamela-Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve, Jalisco, 1985-2023. Methods: Field collected, cultivated as well as herbarium material of the new taxon were analyzed and compared to other species from the Pacific Lowlands and adjacent areas, particularly flowers of both sexes, fruits, and seeds. Conservation status using IUCN criteria is reported for the new species. Results: Specimens of Hechtia chamelensis have been misidentified as H. laevis and H. reticulata (both described from fruiting, fragmentary specimens) but the fruit and seed features of both taxa do not match those of the new species. H. chamelensis is known from the Chamela-Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve and it is characterized by strict sympodial growth pattern, green leaves with red hues, shiny and glabrous above, white lepidote below, panicles usually simple to (rarely staminate ones) 2-divided, staminate flowers pinkish to pale white, pistillate with pale green to white petals. Conclusions: Vegetative and reproductive features as well as geographical distribution allow the recognition of H. chamelensis as a new species native from Jalisco, Mexico.

Resumen Antecedentes: Hechtia está caracterizado por sus rosetas suculentas, terrestres, dioicismo y flores unisexuales, dimórficas, generalmente fragantes. El escaso y fragmentario material de herbario, dificulta la delimitación de especies, pero el material vivo revela caracteres diagnósticos para delimitarlas. Hipótesis: Especies de Hechtia están circunscritas por una combinación de caracteres vegetativos y florales de ambos sexos. Si un taxón no comparte caracteres morfológicos y vegetativos con otras especies del género será descrito como nuevo. Taxón: Hechtia. Sitio y fechas de estudio: Reserva de la Biósfera Chamela-Cuixmala, Jalisco, 1985-2023. Métodos: Se analizó material recolectado, cultivado y herborizado del nuevo taxón y se comparó con el de otras especies de las Tierras Bajas del Pacífico y de áreas adyacentes, se analizaron y caracterizaron flores de ambos sexos, frutos y semillas. Se reporta el estado de conservación de la nueva especie utilizando los criterios de la UICN. Resultados: Ejemplares de Hechtia chamelensis se han identificado erróneamente como H. laevis y H. reticulata (descritas de especímenes con frutos), pero características de frutos y semillas de ambos taxones no coinciden con los del nuevo taxón. H. chamelensis es conocida hasta ahora de la Reserva de la Biósfera Chamela-Cuixmala, se caracteriza por crecimiento simpodial, hojas verdes con tintes rojizos, glabras y brillantes adaxialmente, blanco lepidotas abaxialmente, panículas simples a (raramente las estaminadas) 2 divididas, flores estaminadas con pétalos rosado a blanco pálido, en pistiladas verde pálido a blanco. Conclusiones: Características vegetativas y reproductivas, y la distribución geográfica, permiten reconocer a H. chamelensis como una nueva especie nativa de Jalisco, México.

https://doi.org/10.17129/botsci.3404

Prevalence of alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs consumption during teenage pregnancy: an observational, prospective, and cross-sectional study
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Ruiz-Barreto, Angela L.

; Alanís-Rodríguez, Melissa T.

; Terrones-Martínez, Dante I.

; Padrón-Martínez, Ana C.

; Arízaga-Ballesteros, Víctor

; Alcorta-García, Mario R.

; Góngora-Cortés, José J.

; Rojas-Martínez, Augusto

; Campo-Casanelles, Miguel Del

; Lara-Díaz, Víctor J.

Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México

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Dez 2023, Volume 80 Nº 6 Páginas 345 - 354

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción: El embarazo en la adolescencia ha adquirido gran importancia en la salud pública en México; su prevalencia oscila alrededor del 20% de los embarazos. Paralelamente, el consumo de alcohol, tabaco y drogas ilícitas en este periodo es cada vez más común en estas jóvenes. Métodos: Para estimar la prevalencia de exposición a estas substancias en adolescentes embarazadas, se llevó a cabo un estudio prospectivo, observacional y transversal. El protocolo fue aprobado por los Comités de Ética e Investigación. Previo consentimiento informado, se solicito a 420 jóvenes embarazadas atendidas en la clínica prenatal del hospital materno-infantil más grande en Nuevo León, que respondieran un cuestionario previamente validado para estimar la prevalencia del consumo de substancias. Resultados: De 420 participantes, 317 (75.5%) consumieron al menos una de estas sustancias durante el embarazo. El alcohol, solo o en combinación, fue consumido por 300 (71.5%). El tabaco fue usado por 117 (27.8%), casi siempre en combinación con otras sustancias, mientras que la mariguana y otras drogas ilícitas fueron consumidas por 92 (21.9%) participantes. Alrededor de una cuarta parte del grupo estudiado (24.1%) reportó no haber consumido ninguna de estas substancias en su embarazo. Conclusiones: En nuestra serie, la prevalencia de consumo de alcohol, tabaco y drogas ilícitas durante el embarazo, explorada con un instrumento validado, es mayor de la reportada en estimaciones previas en nuestro país. Estos datos ofrecen un panorama preocupante de una serie de factores que se agregan a la carga del embarazo en la adolescencia.

Abstract Background: Teenage pregnancy is a significant public health issue in Mexico; its prevalence oscillates around 20% of all pregnancies. Concurrently, alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug use have become more common in this age group. Methods: To estimate the prevalence of substance exposure in a population of pregnant teenagers, we conducted a prospective, observational, and cross-sectional study. The protocol was approved by the institutional review board. On informed consent, we asked 420 consecutive pregnant youngsters cared for at the outpatient obstetric service of a tertiary public regional women´s and children´s hospital in Nuevo León, in northeast Mexico, to answer a previously validated questionnaire to estimate the prevalence of alcohol, tobacco, or illicit drugs use during pregnancy. Results: Of the 420 participants, 317 (75.5%) consumed at least one substance during pregnancy. Alcohol, either alone or in combination, was consumed by 300 (71.7%) participants. Tobacco was used by 117 (27.8%) participants, almost always in combination with other substances, while marijuana and other illicit drugs were consumed by 92 (21.9%) participants. Approximately one-fourth of the participants, 102 (24.1%) reported no substance use during pregnancy. Conclusions: In this series, the reported prevalence of alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs consumption during pregnancy, explored with a validated instrument, is higher than that previously reported in our country. This fact offers a worrying picture of another set of factors adding to the burden of teenage pregnancy.

https://doi.org/10.24875/bmhim.23000059

Guía de práctica clínica para el manejo del cáncer de pulmón de células pequeñas: enfermedad extensa
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Cabrera-Miranda, Luis A.

; Díaz-García, Diego A.

; Corona-Cruz, José F.

; Lozano-Ruiz, Francisco J.

; Sánchez-Reyes, Roberto

; Álvarez-Bojórquez, Mario E.

; Blake-Cerda, Mónika

; Rivera-Márquez, Raúl

; López-Saucedo, Raúl A.

; Pérez-Álvarez, Sandra I.

; Bolaño-Guerra, Laura M.

; Alatorre-Alexander, Jorge A.

; Alexander-Meza, Francisco

; Barrón-Barrón, Feliciano

; Blanco-Vázquez, Yazmín C.

; Campos-Gómez, Saúl

; Mata-Moya, Dolores de la

; Figueroa-Martínez, Pedro

; González-Cisneros, Paulina E.

; Íñiguez-García, Marco A.

; Lázaro-León, Jesús M.

; Loyola-García, Ulises

; Morales-Rivera, Marcelino

; Olivares-Torres, Carlos

; Ramos-Ramírez, Maritza

; Sáenz-Frías, Julia A.

; Silva-Bravo, Fernando

; Trejo-Rosales, Rogelio

; Souto-del Bosque, Miguel

; Arrieta, Óscar

Gaceta mexicana de oncología

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Jun 2023, Volume 22 Nº 2 Páginas 55 - 73

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Antecedentes: El cáncer de células pequeñas (CPCP) representa el 13-15% del total de neoplasias primarias de pulmón. Se caracteriza por su rapidez en la tasa de crecimiento y en el desarrollo de metástasis a distancia. Objetivos: Orientar y estandarizar el tratamiento del CPCP enfermedad extensa en México basado en evidencia clínica nacional e internacional. Material y métodos: Este documento se desarrolló como una colaboración del Instituto Nacional de Cancerología y la Sociedad Mexicana de Oncología en cumplimiento con estándares internacionales. Se integró un grupo conformado por oncólogos médicos, cirujanos oncólogos, cirujanos de tórax, radio-oncólogos y metodólogos con experiencia en revisiones sistemáticas de la literatura y guías de práctica clínica. Resultados: Se consensaron, por el método Delphi y en reuniones a distancia, las recomendaciones en CPCP enfermedad extensa, producto de preguntas de trabajo. Se identificó y evaluó la evidencia científica que responde a cada una de dichas preguntas clínicas antes de incorporarla al cuerpo de la guía. Conclusión: Esta guía proporciona recomendaciones clínicas para el manejo de la enfermedad extensa del CPCP y durante el proceso de toma de decisiones de los clínicos involucrados con su manejo en nuestro país para mejorar la calidad de la atención clínica para estos pacientes.

Abstract Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) represents 13-15% of all primary lung neoplasms and is characterized by its rapid growth rate and the rapid development of distant metastases. Objectives: To guide and standardize the treatment of extensive disease small cell lung cancer in Mexico based on national and international clinical evidence. Material and methods: This document was developed as a collaboration between the National Cancer Institute and the Mexican Society of Oncology in compliance with international standards. An interdisciplinary group was formed, including medical oncologists, oncological surgeons, thoracic surgeons, radiation oncologists, and methodologists with experience in systematic reviews of the literature and clinical practice guidelines. Results: A consensus was reached, both by the Delphi method and in remote meetings, of extensive disease recommendations resulting from work questions. The scientific evidence that answers each of these clinical questions was identified and critically evaluated, before being incorporated into the body of evidence of the Guide. Conclusions: This Clinical Practice Guide provides clinical recommendations for the management of extensive disease of SCLC to contribute to the decision-making process of the clinicians involved with its management in our country, hoping that this will contribute to improving the quality of clinical care in these patients.

https://doi.org/10.24875/j.gamo.22000122

Funciones de confiabilidad sísmica de edificios con excentricidades torsionales variables en la altura
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Esteva Maraboto, Luis

; Díaz López, Orlando J.

; Vásquez Martínez, Alberto

; Rangel Ramírez, José G.

Ingeniería sísmica

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Dez 2022, Nº 109 Páginas 1 - 27

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Codified regulations for earthquake resistant design in Mexico City during the last years (2004, 2017, 2020) specify corrective factors that must be applied to the response spectra adopted for the design of irregular buildings. The requirements adopted to consider that a building structure is regular are essentially based on the experience derived from observations about the behavior of such systems, subjected to previous high-intensity seismic excitations. According with these requirements, a structure is classified as irregular if it does not comply with one or several of these requirements. In order to take into account the influence of the degree of irregularity on the spectral ordinates that must be adopted to achieve a performance level similar to that corresponding to a regular system of equal fundamental period, a set of corrective factors are specified, to be applied to the response reduction factor Q'. These values were established on the basis of engineering judgement; therefore, it is necessary to revise them on the basis of seismic response studies oriented to attaining in the irregular systems reliability levels that are consistent with those implicit for their corresponding reference regular systems. This study is focused on irregular buildings, characterized by plan dimension variable along their height, which lead to variable torsional eccentricities along it. A new criterion is established for the determination of reliability functions of buildings with the mentioned types of irregularities; they are applied to several specific cases to be used as basis for the development of parametric studies about the influence of different global properties on the corrective factors necessary to generate seismic design spectra leading to equal reliability levels.

Resumen Las normas técnicas complementarias para diseño por sismo de la ciudad de México de los últimos años (2004, 2017, 2020) especifican factores correctivos que se deben aplicar para el diseño de edificios irregulares. Los requisitos para considerar que una estructura se considere regular se establecen en dichos reglamentos los cuales se basan en el comportamiento de las estructuras ante eventos severos pasados. De acuerdo con estos criterios una estructura se considera irregular si no cumple con uno o más de esos requisitos. Para considerar estos efectos se definen unos factores correctivos que dependen del grado de irregularidad de la estructura y que se aplican al factor de reducción Q’. Estos valores se han establecido de manera intuitiva, por lo que es necesario evaluarlos a partir de estudios sobre respuesta sísmica, orientados a lograr en los sistemas irregulares niveles de seguridad congruentes con los implícitos para sistemas regulares de referencia. En este trabajo se estudia un caso particular de irregularidad correspondiente a edificios con dimensiones en planta variables en la altura que conducen a variación de las excentricidades torsionales a lo largo de la misma. Se establecen criterios para la obtención de funciones de confiabilidad de edificios con irregularidades como las mencionadas y se aplican a algunos casos específicos que puedan emplearse de base para realizar estudios paramétricos sobre la influencia de diversas variables globales sobre los factores correctivos necesarios para generar espectros de diseño que conduzcan a iguales niveles de confiabilidad.

https://doi.org/10.18867/ris.109.625

Los subtítulos integrados deícticos favorecen la comprensión oral en el aprendizaje de francés como lengua extranjera cuando se usan en material didáctico audiovisual
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Forero Díaz, Mónica

; Moreno, Leidy J.

; Bernal, Jonny F.

; Torres, José D.

; Martínez, Angie L.

Colombian Applied Linguistics Journal

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Dez 2022, Volume 24 Nº 2 Páginas 270 - 287

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Se ha demostrado que el material audiovisual subtitulado es una herramienta que facilita el aprendizaje de una lengua extranjera. Tradicionalmente, el subtitulado se presenta en la parte inferior de la pantalla, pero investigaciones recientes han mostrado los beneficios de integrar los subtítulos dentro de la imagen visual (y no al margen inferior), ya que, al reducir la cantidad de movimientos oculares, se reducen, a su vez, el estrés y la carga cognitiva, posibilitando una mejor comprensión de la información. Esta investigación estudia la incidencia que pueden tener los (sub)títulos integrados, intervenidos con leyes de la Gestalt y un efecto visual deíctico en la comprensión oral de francés como lengua extranjera. En este estudio de tipo confirmatorio participaron dos grupos de estudiantes de francés, a quienes se les aplicó un test de comprensión oral con el fin de comparar dos estímulos: un video en francés con (sub)títulos integrados (estímulo 1) y el mismo video con (sub)títulos integrados deícticos (estímulo 2). Los resultados indican que los (sub)títulos integrados deícticos mejoran la comprensión oral en estudiantes de francés en la medida en que facilitan la asociación de la información visual con la auditiva.

Abstract It has been demonstrated that subtitled multimedia content is a tool that facilitates foreign language learning. Traditionally, subtitling is presented in the lower portion of the screen, but recent research has shown the benefits of integrating subtitles within the visual image (as opposed to the bottom edge) since, by reducing the amount of eye movement, cognitive load and stress are in turn reduced, allowing for a better comprehension of the information. This research studies the potential impact of integrated (sub)titles mediated by the Gestalt laws of perception and a deictic visual effect on the oral comprehension of French as a foreign language. This study of confirmatory nature comprised two groups of French language students, to whom an oral comprehension test was applied with the purpose of comparing two stimuli: one video in French with integrated (sub)titles (stimulus 1) and the same video with integrated deictic (sub)titles (stimulus 2). The results indicate that integrated deictic (sub)titles improve oral comprehension in French language students, as they enable a better association of visual and auditory information.

https://doi.org/10.14483/22487085.18070

Safety and Revisit Related to Discharge the Sixty-one Spanish Emergency Department Medical Centers Without Hospitalization in Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia. A Prospective Cohort Study UMC-Pneumonia COVID-19
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Jacob, Javier

; Albert-Casado, Arantxa

; Castillo, Juan G. Del

; Llorens-Soriano, Pere

; Jiménez-Hernández, Sonia

; Burillo-Putze, Guillermo

; Martín-Martínez, Alfonso

; Martín-Sánchez, Francisco J.

; García-Lamberechts, Eric J.

; Piñera-Salmerón, Pascual

; Alquézar-Arbé, Aitor

; Ferre-Losa, Carles

; Juan-Gómez, María Á.

; Serrano-Lázaro, Leticia

; Noceda-Bermejo, José

; Salido-Mota, Manuel

; Fortuny-Bayarri, María J.

; González-Tejera, Matilde

; Ferreras-Amez, José M.

; Díaz-Fernández, Elena

; Quero-Motto, Eva

; Peiró-Gómez, Ana

; Martín-Mojarro, Enrique

; Llopis-Roca, Ferran

; Huerta-García, Arturo

; Pedraza-García, Jorge

; Meléndez-Cálix, Napoleón

; Brazó-Aznar, José V.

; Cano-Cano, María J.

; Miró, Óscar

Revista de investigación clínica

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Jun 2022, Volume 74 Nº 3 Páginas 135 - 146

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: Information is needed on the safety and efficacy of direct discharge from the emergency department (ED) of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to study the variables associated with discharge from the ED in patients presenting with COVID-19 pneumonia, and study ED revisits related to COVID-19 at 30 days (EDR30d). Methods: Multicenter study of the SIESTA cohort including 1198 randomly selected COVID patients in 61 EDs of Spanish medical centers from March 1, 2020, to April 30, 2020. We collected baseline and related characteristics of the acute episode and calculated the adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for ED discharge. In addition, we analyzed the variables related to EDR30d in discharged patients. Results: We analyzed 859 patients presenting with COVID-19 pneumonia, 84 (9.8%) of whom were discharged from the ED. The variables independently associated with discharge were being a woman (aOR 1.890; 95%CI 1.176-3.037), age < 60 years (aOR 2.324; 95%CI 1.353-3.990), and lymphocyte count > 1200/mm3 (aOR 4.667; 95%CI 1.045-20.839). The EDR30d of the ED discharged group was 40.0%, being lower in women (aOR 0.368; 95%CI 0.142-0.953). A total of 130 hospitalized patients died (16.8%) as did two in the group discharged from the ED (2.4%) (OR 0.121; 95%CI 0.029-0.498). Conclusion: Discharge from the ED in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia was infrequent and was associated with few variables of the episode. The EDR30d was high, albeit with a low mortality.

https://doi.org/10.24875/ric.22000021 8 downloads

Guía de práctica clínica mexicana para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de las dislipidemias y enfermedad cardiovascular aterosclerótica
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Pavía-López, Abel A.

; Alcocer-Gamba, Marco A.

; Ruiz-Gastelum, Edith D.

; Mayorga-Butrón, José L.

; Mehta, Roopa

; Díaz-Aragón, Filiberto A.

; Aldrete-Velasco, Jorge A.

; López-Juárez, Nitzia

; Cruz-Bautista, Ivette

; Chávez-Mendoza, Adolfo

; Secchi-Nicolás, Nikos C.

; Guerrero-Martínez, Francisco J.

; Cossio-Aranda, Jorge E.

; Mendoza-Zubieta, Victoria

; Fanghänel-Salmon, Guillermo

; Valdivia-Proa, Martha

; Olmos-Domínguez, Luis

; Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A.

; Dávila-Maldonado, Luis

; Vázquez-Rangel, Armando

; Pavia-Aubry, Vanina

; Nava-Hernández, María de los A.

; Hinojosa-Becerril, Carlos A.

; Anda-Garay, Juan C.

; Ríos-Ibarra, Manuel O. de los

; Berni-Betancourt, Ana C.

; López-Cuellar, Julio

; Araiza-Garaygordobil, Diego

; Rivera-Reyes, Romina

; Borrayo-Sánchez, Gabriela

; Tapia-Hernández, Mónica

; Cano-Nigenda, Claudia V.

; Guerra-López, Arturo

; Elías-López, Josué

; Figueroa-Morales, Marco A.

; Montaño-Velázquez, Bertha B.

; Velasco-Hidalgo, Liliana

; Rodríguez-Lozano, Ana L.

; Pimentel-Hernández, Claudia

; Baquero-Hoyos, María M.

; Romero-Moreno, Felipe

; Rodríguez-Vega, Mario

Archivos de cardiología de México

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2022, Volume 92 Supl. 1 Páginas 1 - 62

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

resumen está disponible en el texto completo

Abstract Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality worldwide and Mexico is no exception. The epidemiological data obtained in 1990 showed that cardiovascular diseases represented 19.8% of all causes of death in our country. This figure increased significantly to 25.5% for 2015. Some national surveys suggest that more than 60% of the adult population has at least one risk factor for cardiovascular disease (obesity or overweight, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, dyslipidemias). On the other hand, data from the Pan American Health Organization have linked the process of atherosclerosis as the first cause of premature death, significantly reducing life expectancy, which has enormous social repercussions. Objective: This document constitutes the Clinical Practice Guide (CPG) prepared at the initiative of the Mexican Society of Cardiology in collaboration with the Mexican Society of Nutrition and Endocrinology, AC, National Association of Cardiologists of Mexico, AC, Mexican Association for the Prevention of Atherosclerosis and its Complications, AC, National Normative Committee of General Medicine, AC, National College of Geriatric Medicine, AC, College of Internal Medicine of Mexico, AC, Mexican Society of Angiology and Vascular and Endovenous Surgery, AC, Mexican Institute of Research Nephrological, AC and the Mexican Academy of Neurology, A.C.; with the methodological support of the Ibero-American Agency for the Development and Evaluation of Health Technologies, in order to establish recommendations based on the best available evidence and agreed upon by an interdisciplinary group of experts. The objective of this document is to provide evidence-based recommendations to help decision makers in the diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemias in our country. Material and methods: This document complies with international quality standards, such as those described by the Institute of Medicine of the USA, the Institute of Clinical Excellence of Great Britain, the Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network and the Guidelines International Network. A multidisciplinary group of clinical experts and methodologists with experience in systematic reviews of the literature and the development of clinical practice guidelines was formed. A scope document was agreed upon, relevant clinical questions were established, the best available evidence critically evaluated in systematic literature reviews was exhaustively identified, and clinical recommendations were developed. The modified Delphi Panel methodology was used to achieve an adequate level of consensus in each of the recommendations contained in this CPG. Results: 23 clinical questions were agreed upon which gave rise to their respective clinical recommendations. Conclusions: We consider that this document contributes to better clinical decision-making and becomes a point of reference for clinicians and patients in the management of dyslipidemias and this contributes to reducing the morbidity and mortality derived from atherosclerotic cardiovascular events in our country.

https://doi.org/10.24875/acm.m22000081 1458 downloads

Incidence of monkey´s hand in maize germplasm from different locations in Mexico
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Márquez-Diego, José Jesús

; León-García de Alba, Carlos De

; Rojas-Martínez, Reyna Isabel

; Rodríguez-Maciel, J. Concepción

; Nava-Díaz, Cristián

Revista mexicana de fitopatología

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2022, Volume 40 Nº 3 Páginas 425 - 432

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación, fue determinar la incidencia y distribución de la enfermedad mano de chango en maíz en nueve estados de la República Mexicana (Tlaxcala, Puebla, Edo. de México, Hidalgo, Veracruz, Morelos, Oaxaca, Chiapas y Jalisco). Los sitios de evaluación se georreferenciaron, se estimó la incidencia y se realizó una encuesta con los productores para determinar la identidad del germoplasma utilizado. La mano de chango se encontró afectando plantas de maíz en localidades de los estados de Puebla con incidencia de 24%, Hidalgo (17.05%), Morelos (11.7%), Chiapas (7.28%), Tlaxcala (7.0%), Oaxaca (6.5%), Veracruz (6.3%), Edo. de México (6.2%), y Jalisco (3.0%). Los datos mostraron una correlación baja, pero positiva (r=0.30) entre la altitud y la incidencia. Observaciones indicaron que el germoplasma nativo es más susceptible a la enfermedad que el mejorado.

Abstract The incidence of maize monkey´s hand disease was determined in nine states of the Mexican Republic. The evaluation sites were georeferenced, and incidence was estimated along with the farmers to determinate the identity of the germplasm used. Monkey´s hand was found affecting maize plants in localities of the States of Puebla with an incidence of 24%, Hidalgo (17.05%), Morelos (11.7%), Chiapas (7.28%), Tlaxcala (7.0%), Oaxaca (6.5%), Veracruz (6.3%), Mexico (6.2%), and Jalisco (3.0%). Data showed a low but positive correlation (r= 0.30) between altitude and incidence. Native germplasm is more susceptible to the monkey´s hand disease than improved germplasm.

https://doi.org/10.18781/r.mex.fit.2204-1

Consenso mexicano para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la trombastenia de Glanzmann
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García-Chávez, Jaime

; Hernández-Juárez, Jesús

; Sánchez-Jara, Berenice

; García-Lee, María Teresa

; Rodríguez-Castillejos, Cecilia

; Montiel-Cervantes, Laura

; Moreno-Hernández, Manuel

; Ramos-Blas, Gustavo J.

; Soto-Padilla, Janet M.

; Flores-Villegas, Luz V.

; Pérez-Zúñiga, Juan M.

; López-Arroyo, José L.

; Villarreal-Martínez, Laura

; Madera-Maldonado, Cristina E.

; Herrejón-Carmona, Misael

; Lozano-Garcidueñas, Mónica

; Vargas-Ruiz, Ángel G.

; Hernández-Hernández, Darinel

; Peña-Díaz, Aurora de la

; Aquino-Fernández, Efraín

; Majluf-Cruz, Abraham

Gaceta médica de México

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2022, Volume 158 Nº spe4 Páginas 1 - 17

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Las plaquetas tienen un papel central en diferentes escenarios fisiológicos, incluyendo la hemostasia; se unen unas con otras en la agregación plaquetaria, lo cual permite formar un coágulo plaquetario. Para que la agregación sea apropiada se requiere del complejo glicoproteico IIb/IIIa (GPIIb/IIIa) en la superficie plaquetaria. Toda alteración funcional plaquetaria, hereditaria o adquirida, impide la formación adecuada del coágulo y se manifiesta como hemorragia. Las enfermedades plaquetarias hereditarias son raras y, hasta recientemente, fueron ignoradas. Una de las más reconocidas y estudiadas es la trombastenia de Glanzmann (TG), entidad en la cual el número de plaquetas puede ser normal pero la función está alterada. Es un padecimiento autosómico y recesivo que causa hemorragia de diferente intensidad toda la vida y en la cual el problema radica en precisamente en la GPIIb/IIIa. Las hemorragias son típicamente mucocutáneas: equimosis, púrpura, epistaxis, gingivorragia; menos frecuentes son la hemorragia gastrointestinal, hemartrosis o en sistema nervioso central. La hiperpolimenorrea es común en las mujeres y llega a ser tan importante que amerita transfusiones en la menarca. La TG afecta a todos los grupos étnicos y su prevalencia varía entre 1/40,000 y 1/400,000. A pesar de esta información acerca de la TG en el mundo, hay pocas guías o recomendaciones basadas en la opinión de expertos y experiencias unicéntricas. En México la TG es rara y no se cuenta con una recomendación general para su diagnóstico y tratamiento. El objetivo de este documento fue establecer un consenso y hacer sugerencias generales para su diagnóstico y tratamiento.

Abstract Platelets have a central role in several physiological scenarios including hemostasis. Platelets bind each other during platelet aggregation allowing the proper formation of the clot; to be appropriate, platelet aggregation requires the glycoproteic complex IIb/IIIa (GPIIb/IIIa). Every platelet function abnormality both, congenital or acquired, impedes clot formation and favors bleeding episodes. Hereditary platelet abnormalities are rare and, until recently, they were almost ignored. Among these disorders, Glanzmann Thrombasthenia (GT) is a widely recognized abnormality in which platelet counts may be normal, but their function is affected. GT is an autosomal, recessive disease that causes life-long bleeding of different intensity. Main biochemical abnormality resides in GPIIb/IIIa. Bleeding is typically mucocutaneous: easy bruising, purpura, and nose and gum bleeds; less frequently are gastrointestinal bleeds, hemarthrosis, or intracranial. Menorrhagia and hyperpolymenorrhea are common findings in in women and may be the cause of anemia requiring blood transfusions at fertile age. GT affects all ethnic groups and its prevalence ranges between 1/40,000 to 1/400,000. Despite this worldwide information regarding GT, only a few guidelines and recommendations have been published, most of them based on expert opinions. In Mexico, GT is rare and there is not a general recommendation regarding its diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this document was to establish a consensus to suggest a general guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of GT in Mexico.

https://doi.org/10.24875/gmm.m22000691

10.

Formación de la identidad profesional frente a la crisis global socioambiental
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Cuadra-Martínez -, David

; Castro-Carrasco, Pablo J.

; Oyanadel, Cristian

; González, Ingrid

; Sandoval-Díaz, José

; Pérez-Zapata, Daniel

Liberabit

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Jul 2021, Volume 27 Nº 2 elocation e504

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Background: We are facing a global crisis that threatens the survival of the planet. Although during the last decades a set of measures have been suggested to tackle this global crisis, results have not been auspicious. State of the art: Given the important role of professionals in modern societies, in this work it is argued that a systematic development of professional identity during the initial training is key for sustainable development. It is proposed that this professional identity could be built based on the following dimensions: (a) integration of subjective, professional, and scientific knowledge, (b) creativity to address current and future problems, (c) prosociality, and (d) ecology. The objective of this work is to support such urgency in order to respond to the global crisis and provide suggestions that guide the systematic development of professional identity during the initial training based on these dimensions. Conclusions: From the review of scientific literature, the need to systematically form the professional identity based on the aforementioned dimensions is argued, and suggestions are provided in this regard.

Resumen Antecedentes: nos encontramos ante una crisis global que amenaza la subsistencia del planeta. Aunque durante las últimas décadas se han propuesto un conjunto de medidas para enfrentar esta crisis global, los resultados no han sido auspiciosos. Estado del arte: dado el importante rol de los profesionales en la sociedad, en este trabajo se argumenta que un desarrollo sistemático de la identidad profesional en la formación inicial es clave para el desarrollo sustentable. Se propone que esta identidad profesional podría construirse en base a las dimensiones (a) integración de saberes subjetivos, profesionales y científicos, (b) creatividad para abordar los problemas actuales y futuros, (c) prosocial y (d) ecológica. El objetivo de este trabajo es sustentar la urgencia de lo mencionado para dar respuesta a la crisis global y proporcionar sugerencias que orienten el desarrollo sistemático de la identidad profesional durante la formación inicial, en base a estas dimensiones. Conclusiones: a partir de la literatura científica, se argumenta la necesidad de formar sistemáticamente la identidad profesional en base a estas dimensiones, proporcionando sugerencias al respecto.

https://doi.org/10.24265/liberabit.2021.v27n2.05

11.

Consenso experto en tiempos de COVID-19: aplicaciones del método Delphi en materia de salud
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Martínez-Ezquerro, José D.

; Ruiz-Cejudo, Sonia María

; Bustamante-Fuentes, Alejandra

; Díaz-Badillo, Álvaro

; García-Oropesa, Esperanza M.

; López-Sosa, Elena B.

; Martínez-López, Yoscelina E.

; Moctezuma-Chávez, Óscar O.

; Nava-González, Edna J.

; Perales-Torres, Adriana L.

; Pérez-Navarro, Lucía M.

; Rosas-Díaz, Marisol

; López-Alvarenga, Juan C.

Cirugía y cirujanos

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Fev 2021, Volume 89 Nº 1 Páginas 120 - 129

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract The COVID-19 epidemic has led to changes in the culture of communication. The solution to health problems is assertive when it is consensual. The Delphi method, a tool for agreement, uses rounds of question lists to gather information from the knowledge of a panel of experts who discuss approaches and possible solutions to problems. It is based on the premise that, with the freedom of anonymity, combined intelligence improves individual judgment and captures collective expert opinion. The process of the method is very flexible since the rounds of questions can be carried out in person or remotely. In this article, we describe how to implement the conventional Delphi method in times of confinement, analyze the usefulness and limitations of the method for use by health experts to solve treatment, diagnostic or administrative problems. Current technologies for collecting data allow great flexibility in the format of questionnaires and facilitate the collection of expert opinion. Thanks to its adaptability, the Delphi method is becoming a popular strategy that involves both qualitative and quantitative domains.

La epidemia de COVID-19 ha modificado la cultura de la comunicación. La solución para los problemas de salud puede ser asertiva cuando es consensuada. El método Delphi es una herramienta de consenso que emplea rondas de listas de preguntas para recopilar información del conocimiento de un panel de expertos que analizan planteamientos y posibles soluciones a problemas. Se basa en la premisa de que, con la libertad del anonimato, la inteligencia combinada mejora el juicio individual y captura la opinión colectiva experta. El proceso del método es muy flexible, pues las rondas de preguntas pueden realizarse de manera presencial o remota. En este artículo se describe cómo implementar el método Delphi convencional en tiempos de confinamiento, y se analizan la utilidad y las limitaciones del método para su uso por expertos en salud para la resolución de problemas de tratamiento, diagnóstico o administrativos. Las tecnologías actuales para recolectar los datos permiten gran flexibilidad en el formato de los cuestionarios y facilitan la recopilación de la opinión experta. Gracias a su adaptabilidad, el método Delphi se está convirtiendo en una estrategia popular que involucra los ámbitos cualitativo y cuantitativo.

https://doi.org/10.24875/ciru.20000936 44 downloads

12.

Implicaciones neotectónicas y estructurales con base en paleosismología del sector sur de la Zona Transpresiva de Cartago, Costa Rica
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Montero-Pohly, Walter

; Obando-Acuña, Luis

; Argüello-Sáenz, Alejandro

; Martínez-Díaz, José J.

; Rojas-Quesada, Wilfredo

Revista Geológica de América Central

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Dez 2020, Nº 63 Páginas 115 - 146

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen En este trabajo se presentan los principales resultados de los estudios de paleosismología realizados en trincheras excavadas en la falla Cocorí, ubicada en el sector sur de la Zona Transpresiva de Cartago, en las cuales se determinó por medio de dataciones Carbono 14, deformaciones anteriores a 28000 años y posteriores a 10000 años (final del Pleistoceno Superior y el Holoceno). La deformación observada corresponde con fallas inversas con componente de rumbo, presumiblemente izquierda. También se observó deformación plástica, donde los anticlinales muestran vergencia al sur. Dos de las fallas determinadas tienen desplazamientos del orden métrico, y se definieron varios plegamientos con amplitudes cercanas al metro. Sin embargo, el bajo ángulo de las fallas o las características dúctiles de los materiales involucrados en la deformación no favorecieron encontrar evidencia estratigráfica de rupturas cosísmicas superficiales. Esto limitó poder determinar la ocurrencia de paleosismos dentro de un rango temporal apropiado. Un modelo neotectónico esquemático incorporando dos pliegues por flexión de falla (fault-bend folds), de rumbo cercano al este-oeste, permiten explicar las características geomórficas y estructurales de la falla Cocorí.

Abstract In this work we present the principal results of a paleoseismological study performed in trenches dug across the Cocorí fault, located at the southern part of the Cartago Transpression Zone. Based on radiocarbon dating we define tectonic deformations occurred before the last 28000 years and after 10000 years (last part of the Upper Pleistocene and Holocene). The tectonic deformations observed in the trenches are thrust faults with a strike-slip component, probably sinistral. We also defined plastic deformation, where the anticlines show south vergence. Two of the faults had metric displacements and various folds had nearly metric amplitudes. However, the low angle of the faults and the ductile behavior of the materials involved in the deformation, do not allowed us to find evidence of coseismic surface ruptures. This limitation implied that we do not being able to temporally bracket the occurrence of any paleoearthquake. A schematic neotectonic model of two fault-bend folds, trending nearly east-west, allows us to explain the geomorphological characteristics of the southern sector of the Cartago Transpression Zone and the structural observations found in the different trenches.

https://doi.org/10.15517/rgac.v0i63.44028

13.

COVID-19 y comportamiento psicológico: revisión sistemática de los efectos psicológicos de las pandemias del siglo XXI
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Cuadra-Martínez, David

; Castro-Carrasco, Pablo J.

; Sandoval-Díaz, José

; Pérez-Zapata, Daniel

; Mora Dabancens, Diego

Revista médica de Chile

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Ago 2020, Volume 148 Nº 8 Páginas 1139 - 1154

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

The aim of this work was to conduct a systematic review on psychological behavior in the context of pandemic scenarios during the twenty-first century. We focused on empirical works and brief case reports of H1N1 flu and COVID-19. Our review included 32 papers published both in English or Spanish. We built a set of tables that allowed us to classify the information in four main categories, namely the psychological impact of the pandemic, whether people follow or not official measures to protect themselves against the pandemic, psychological adherence considerations implied as mediators to respect official strategies, and relevant methodological characteristics of the pandemic research. Results show that there are significant impacts on the psychological behavior of people, social groups and organizations in several dimensions, namely emotion, cognition, behavior, mental health, organization and psychosocial factors. In addition, we found that certain social groups experienced a critical psychosocial impact likely due to the pandemic. Psychosocial factors affecting adherence were also identified, which allow us to better understand how health strategies are followed by the population. Different psychosocial suggestions, which emerged from the papers reviewed, were systematized and should be considered as possible pandemic strategies to be implemented.

9845 downloads

14.

Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Patients Diagnosed with COVID-19 in a Tertiary Care Center in Mexico City: A Prospective Cohort Study
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Ortiz-Brizuela, Edgar

; Villanueva-Reza, Marco

; González-Lara, María F.

; Tamez-Torres, Karla M.

; Román-Montes, Carla M.

; Díaz-Mejía, Bruno A.

; Pérez-García, Esteban

; Olivas-Martínez, Antonio

; Rajme-López, Sandra

; Martinez-Guerra, Bernardo A.

; León-Cividanes, Nereyda A. de

; Fernández-García, Oscar A.

; Guerrero-Torres, Lorena

; Torres-González, Lorena

; Carrera-Patiño, Fabián A.

; Corral-Herrera, Ever A.

; Hernández-Alemón, Aldo N.

; Tovar-Vargas, Maria de los Ángeles

; Serrano-Pinto, Yamile G.

; Espejo-Ortiz, Cristian E.

; Morales-Ortega, María de la L.

; Lozano-Cruz, Óscar A.

; Cárdenas-Fragoso, José L.

; Vidal-Mayo, José de J.

; Hernández-Gilsoul, Thierry

; Rivero-Sigarroa, Eduardo

; Domínguez-Cherit, Guillermo

; Cervantes-Villar, Luz E.

; Ramos-Cervantes, Maria del P.

; Ibarra-González, Violeta

; Calva-Mercado, Juan J.

; Sierra-Madero, Juan G.

; López-Íñiguez, Álvaro

; Ochoa-Hein, Eric

; Crabtree-Ramírez, Brenda E.

; Galindo-Fraga, Arturo

; Guerrero-Almeida, María de L.

; Ruiz-Palacios, Guillermo M.

; Gulías-Herrero, Alfonso

; Sifuentes-Osornio, José

; Kershenobich-Stalnikowitz, David

; Ponce-de-León, Alfredo

Revista de investigación clínica

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Jun 2020, Volume 72 Nº 3 Páginas 165 - 177

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: Regional information regarding the characteristics of patients with coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 is needed for a better understanding of the pandemic. Objective: The objective of the study to describe the clinical features of COVID-19 patients diagnosed in a tertiary-care center in Mexico City and to assess differences according to the treatment setting (ambulatory vs. hospital) and to the need of intensive care (IC). Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort, including consecutive patients with COVID-19 from February 26, 2020 to April 11, 2020. Results: We identified 309 patients (140 inpatients and 169 outpatients). The median age was 43 years (interquartile range, 33-54), 59.2% men, and 18.6% healthcare workers (12.3% from our center). The median body mass index (BMI) was 29.00 kg/m2 and 39.6% had obesity. Compared to outpatients, inpatients were older, had comorbidities, cough, and dyspnea more frequently. Twenty-nine (20.7%) inpatients required treatment in the IC unit (ICU). History of diabetes (type 1 or 2) and abdominal pain were more common in ICU patients compared to non-ICU patients. ICU patients had higher BMIs, higher respiratory rates, and lower room-air capillary oxygen saturations. ICU patients showed a more severe inflammatory response as assessed by white blood cell count, neutrophil and platelet count, C-reactive protein, ferritin, procalcitonin, and albumin levels. By the end of the study period, 65 inpatients had been discharged because of improvement, 70 continued hospitalized, and five had died. Conclusions: Patients with comorbidities, either middle-age obese or elderly complaining of fever, cough, or dyspnea, were more likely to be admitted. At admission, patients with diabetes, high BMI, and clinical or laboratory findings consistent with a severe inflammatory state were more likely to require IC.

https://doi.org/10.24875/ric.20000211 533 downloads

15.

Consenso Mexicano de Mieloma Múltiple
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Peña-Celaya, José A. de la

; Aguilar-Luevano, Jocelyn

; Alcivar-Cedeño, Luisa María

; Álvarez-Vera, José L.

; Anaya-Cuellar, Irene

; Añorve-Hernández, Erika

; Arana-Luna, Luara L.

; Arteaga-Ortíz, Luis

; Báez-Islas, Pamela E.

; Banda-García, Luisa I.

; Bates-Martín, Ramón A.

; Campa-Monroy, Dafne Itzel

; Cardiel-Silva, Mariela

; Castillo-Salas, Ángel de Jesús

; Cota-Rangel, Xóchitl

; Díaz-Vargas, Guillermo

; Espitia-Ríos, M. Eugenia

; Estrada-Domínguez, Patricia

; Fermín-Caminero, Denisse

; García-Camacho, Alinka

; García-Castillo, Carolina

; Garzón-Velásquez, Katheryn B.

; Gil-Rondero, Carlos

; Hernández-Colín, Ana K.

; Hernández-Ruiz, Eleazar

; Hernández-Alcántara, Areli E.

; Hernández-Cervantes, Silvia A.

; Herrera-Olivares, Wilfrido

; Ignacio-Ibarra, Gregorio

; Inclán-Alarcón, Sergio I.

; Leyto-Cruz, Faustino

; Macías-Flores, Juan P.

; Martínez-de la Vega, Andrea

; Martínez-Ramírez, Mario A.

; Martínez-Coronel, Jorge

; Medina-Coral, Jesús E.

; Meza-Dávalos, Lizeth

; Montoya-Jiménez, Leire

; Morales-Hernández, Alba

; Morales-López, Elizabeth

; Morales-Adrián, Javier de Jesús

; Morales-de Azcué, Maricruz

; Mújica-Martínez, Aldo

; Murillo-Cruz, Juan L.

; Nájera-Martínez, Jéssica

; Narváez-Sarmiento, Iris M.

; Nava-Villegas, Lorena

; Nava-Alpide, Marco A.

; Orellana-Garibay, Juan J.

; Palafox-Zaldívar, María Teresa

; Palma-Moreno, Orlando G.

; Paredes-Lozano, Eugenia P.

; Pedraza-Colín, María Luisa

; Pérez-Zúñiga, Juan M.

; Pérez-Lizardi, Alejandra B.

; Rojas-Castillejos, Flavio

; Romero-Martínez, Eduardo

; Romero-Rodelo, Hilda

; Ruiz-Contreras, Josué

; Saavedra-González, Azucena

; Saucedo-Montes, Erick

; Silva-Michel, Luis G.

; Silva-Vera, Karina

; Teomitzi-Sánchez, Óscar

; Tepepa-Flores, Fredy

; Ventura-Enríquez, Yanet

; Villela-Peña, Atenas

; Vilchis-González, Shendel P.

; Zapata-Canto, Nidia

; Zárate-Rodríguez, Pedro A.

; Alvarado-Ibarra, Martha

Gaceta médica de México

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2020, Volume 156 Supl. 2 Páginas 1 - 49

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract To identify this increasingly common pathology, known as Multiple Myeloma, it is necessary to refer to the specific factors that characterize it; to this end, the classic criteria known as CRAB (hypercalcemia, renal failure, anemia and lytic lesions) are available, in which renal failure is one of the most frequent complications. Recently, 3 indisputable biomarkers have been described for the diagnostic support for Multiple Myeloma, which are: more than 10% of clonal plasma cells in BM or, a biopsy that corroborates the presence of a plasmacytoma, light chain ratio ≥100 mg/dL and more than one focal lesion on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A differential diagnosis for plasma cell leukemia, solitary bone plasmacytoma, and extramedullary plasmacytoma should always be considered. Being this an incurable disease, a lot of research has been done regarding its therapeutic management, whose main objective is the disappearance of plasma cells and the patient clinical improvement. Melphalan was the first drug that showed a benefit in 1958 and afterwards, with the addition of a steroid as a second drug, it was possible to improve response rates. Subsequently, different molecules were studied, forming multiple combinations, and achieving better rates of Overall Survival and Progression-Free Survival. Years later, with the arrival of proteasome inhibitors such as bortezomib, and immunomodulators such as thalidomide and lenalidomide, an important turnaround in the disease has been seen, as deeper responses, more prolonged remissions, and improvement in the quality of life of patients have been achieved. This consensus has the purpose of integrating a group of Mexican specialists and promoting the updating of this pathology.

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https://doi.org/10.24875/gmm.m20000392 223 downloads

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