ABSTRACT At the end of the 1970s, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) promoted policies to attract investments from the developed capitalist world, aiming for technological transfer and offering a profitable environment in exchange. Although the TNC capital, know-how, and technology have been key factors for Chinese development, the State has planned and regulated those investments, so they can be aligned with an autonomous project of development, avoiding the classic centre-periphery dependency relationship. This paper analysis focuses on the Five-Year Plans, and the regulation policy laws for inward investment. At the end we analyse the FDI data, which allowed us to identify the main changes and distinct phases of the development of FDI and the State policy. 1970s s Peoples People PRC (PRC world exchange capital knowhow, knowhow know how, how know-how centreperiphery centre periphery relationship FiveYear Five Year Plans investment data

RESUMO No final da década de 1970, a República Popular da China (RPC) promoveu políticas de atração de investimentos do mundo capitalista desenvolvido, visando à transferência tecnológica e oferecendo um ambiente lucrativo em troca. Embora o capital, o know-how e a tecnologia das ETN tenham sido fatores fundamentais para o desenvolvimento chinês, o Estado planejou e regulou esses investimentos, de modo que possam ser alinhados a um projeto autônomo de desenvolvimento, evitando a clássica relação de dependência centro-periferia. A análise deste trabalho centra-se nos Planos Quinquenais e nas leis de política de regulação para o investimento interno. Ao final analisamos os dados do IDE, que nos permitiram identificar as principais mudanças e distintas fases do desenvolvimento do IDE e da política de Estado. 1970 RPC (RPC desenvolvido troca capital knowhow know how chinês centroperiferia. centroperiferia centro periferia. periferia centro-periferia centrase centra se interno 197 19 1

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Precisely determining the aspects related to an instrument's validity and reliability measures allows for greater assurance of the quality of the results. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the psychometric properties of The Providers Survey in the Brazilian context of mental health services. DESIGN AND SETTING: The instrument validation study was conducted in Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. METHODS: The validation study was conducted using the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments checklist to analyze its validity and reliability. RESULTS: A committee of expert judges performed content validation after which the Content Validity Index was calculated. Construct validation took place through Exploratory Factor Analysis using the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Test criterion and Bartlett's Sphericity Test. Reliability was verified using test-retest reliability. The significance level adopted for the statistical tests was 5% (P < 0.05). The final instrument comprised 54 questions. The Content Validity Index was 97%. Exploratory Factor Analysis identified a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin index of 0.901 and Bartlett's Sphericity Test with P < 0.001. We obtained a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.95 and an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.849. CONCLUSIONS: The Providers Survey, translated and adapted into Portuguese, was named the Work Assessment Instrument for the Recovery of Mental Health. It presented adequate psychometric properties for evaluating work-related practices for the recovery of psychosocial care network users. BACKGROUND instruments s results OBJECTIVES services SETTING Claros Gerais Brazil METHODS Consensusbased Consensus based RESULTS calculated KaiserMeyerOlkin Kaiser Meyer Olkin Bartletts Bartlett testretest test retest 5 0.05. 005 0.05 . 0 05 0.05) questions 97 97% 0901 901 0.90 0001 001 0.001 Cronbachs Cronbach 095 95 0.9 0849 849 0.849 CONCLUSIONS Portuguese workrelated work users 00 0.0 9 090 90 000 0.00 09 0. 084 84 0.84 08 8 0.8

Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa) is a highly prevalent condition among men worldwide, resulting in reduced quality of life and increased costs to health systems due to hospitalization and death. This study aimed to explore and understand the evolution of PCa in Brazil from 2008 to 2018. Data were obtained from the National Health System Department of Informatics (DATASUS) using code C61 for malignant prostatic neoplasms. We presented the hospitalization and mortality rates in a temporal-, regional- and age-dependent manner. From 2008 to 2018, a year-dependent increase in hospital admissions due to PCa was reported in Brazil, in which the Southeast region showed the highest prevalence. Men aged ≥80 and those 70-79 years old had similar hospitalization rates, followed by men aged 60-69, 50-59, 40-49 and 30-39 years old. Similarly, an increase in deaths due to PCa was reported during this period, with the highest rates seen in the Southeast. Men aged ≥80 years had higher mortality rates, followed by those aged 70-79, 60-69, 50-59, 40-49 and 30-39 years old. The results obtained indicate an age- and region-dependent increase in PCa morbidity and mortality in Brazil overtime and may contribute to the ongoing discussion on the role and future perspective of the health care system in Brazil. (PCa worldwide death 200 2018 DATASUS (DATASUS C C6 neoplasms temporal, temporal , temporal- regional agedependent age dependent manner yeardependent year prevalence 80 ≥8 7079 70 79 70-7 6069, 6069 60 69, 69 60-69 5059, 5059 50 59, 59 50-59 4049 40 49 40-4 3039 30 39 30-3 Similarly period 7079, 79, regiondependent 20 201 8 ≥ 707 7 70- 606 6 60-6 505 5 50-5 404 4 40- 303 3 30- 2 60- 50-

Objective: To report on suicide plans and attempts among Brazilian physicians and to investigate the associated risk factors. Methods: From January 2018 to January 2019, a nationwide online survey was conducted among Brazilian physicians using the Tool for Assessment of Suicide Risk and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Multivariate exploratory associations of demographic, psychological, and work-related factors were performed on reports of suicide plans and attempts. Results: Of the 4,148 participants, 1,946 (53.5%) were male, 2,527 (60.9%) were 30 to 60 years old, 2,675 (64.5%) had two to four jobs, and 1,725 (41.6%) worked 40 to 60 hours a week. The overall prevalence of suicide plans was 8.8% (n=364), and suicide attempts were reported by 3.2% (n=133) of participants. Daily emotional exhaustion (ORadj = 7.857; 95%CI 2.282-27.051, p = 0.002), weekly emotional exhaustion (ORadj = 7.953; 95%CI 2.403-26.324, p = 0.001), daily frustration at work (ORadj = 3.093; 95%CI 1.711-5.588, p < 0.001), and bisexuality (ORadj = 5.083; 95%CI 2.544-10.158, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with higher odds of suicide. Extremely dissatisfied physicians reported suicide plans and attempts in 38.3% of cases, whereas extremely satisfied physicians reported suicide plans and attempts in only 2.8% of cases (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Brazilian physicians with a history of suicide plans and attempts express emotional exhaustion and frustration at work. There is an urgent need for actions to promote professional safeguards and resilience. Objective Methods 201 2019 Scale demographic psychological workrelated related Results 4148 4 148 4,14 participants 1946 1 946 1,94 53.5% 535 53 5 (53.5% male 2527 2 527 2,52 60.9% 609 9 (60.9% 3 6 old 2675 675 2,67 64.5% 645 64 (64.5% jobs 1725 725 1,72 41.6% 416 41 (41.6% week 88 8 8.8 n=364, n364 n n=364 , 364 (n=364) 32 3.2 n=133 n133 133 (n=133 ORadj 7.857 7857 7 857 95CI CI 95 2.28227.051, 228227051 2.282 27.051, 282 27 051 2.282-27.051 0.002, 0002 0.002 0 002 0.002) 7.953 7953 953 2.40326.324, 240326324 2.403 26.324, 403 26 324 2.403-26.324 0.001, 0001 0.001 001 3.093 3093 093 1.7115.588, 17115588 1.711 5.588, 711 588 1.711-5.588 5.083 5083 083 2.54410.158, 254410158 2.544 10.158, 544 10 158 2.544-10.158 383 38 38.3 28 2.8 0.001. . Conclusion resilience 20 414 14 4,1 194 94 1,9 53.5 (53.5 252 52 2,5 60.9 (60.9 267 67 2,6 64.5 (64.5 172 72 1,7 41.6 (41.6 8. n36 n=36 36 (n=364 3. n=13 n13 13 (n=13 7.85 785 85 28227 2.28227.051 22822705 2282 2.28 27051 27.051 05 2.282-27.05 000 0.00 00 7.95 795 40326 2.40326.324 24032632 2403 2.40 26324 26.324 2.403-26.32 3.09 309 09 7115 1.7115.588 1711558 1711 1.71 5588 5.588 71 58 1.711-5.58 5.08 508 08 54410 2.54410.158 25441015 2544 2.54 10158 10.158 54 15 2.544-10.15 38. 2. 4, 19 1, 53. (53. 25 2, 60. (60. 64. (64. 17 41. (41. n3 n=3 (n=36 n=1 n1 (n=1 7.8 78 2822 2.28227.05 2282270 228 2.2 2705 27.05 2.282-27.0 0.0 7.9 79 4032 2.40326.32 2403263 240 2.4 2632 26.32 2.403-26.3 3.0 1.7115.58 171155 171 1.7 558 5.58 1.711-5.5 5.0 50 5441 2.54410.15 2544101 254 2.5 1015 10.15 2.544-10.1 (53 (60 (64 (41 n= (n=3 (n= 7. 2.28227.0 228227 22 270 27.0 2.282-27. 0. 2.40326.3 240326 24 263 26.3 2.403-26. 1.7115.5 17115 1. 55 5.5 1.711-5. 5. 2.54410.1 254410 101 10.1 2.544-10. (5 (6 (4 (n 2.28227. 22822 27. 2.282-27 2.40326. 24032 26. 2.403-26 1.7115. 1.711-5 2.54410. 25441 10. 2.544-10 ( 2.28227 2.282-2 2.40326 2.403-2 1.7115 1.711- 2.54410 2.544-1 2.2822 2.282- 2.4032 2.403- 2.5441 2.544-

Resumo Os estuários estão constantemente sujeitos a impactos ambientais de atividades antropogênicas, como pesca, movimentação portuária, indústria ou esgoto doméstico, onde os peixes são um dos animais aquáticos mais atingidos, sendo capazes de refletir os impactos diretamente em seu organismo. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi realizar o biomonitoramento de um estuário da Costa Equatorial Amazônica por meio de análises de PAHs (Hidrocarboneto Policiclico Aromáticos) na água, além de metais traços, alterações histopatológicas e análises de micronúcleos eritrocitários em Sciades herzbergii.. O S. herzbergii foi utilizado como espécie modelo, devido seu comportamento estuarino residente. Amostras de gônadas e brânquias foram submetidas a avaliações histopatológicas. A quantificação de metais traços foi realizada em amostras de músculos esqueléticos dos animais coletados, onde foram encontrados teores de Chumbo (Pb), Cobre (Cu), Zinco (Zn), Cádmio (Cd), Magnésio (Mg), Ferro (Fe) e Alumínio (AL), e foram encontradas em concentrações acima dos limites recomendados, à exceção do Cádmio (Cd). A análise dos PAHs revelou a presença de Naftaleno e Acenafteno nas amostras de água. Análises histopatológicas e genotóxicas revelaram lesões em 100% dos espécimes estudados, resultados estes, potencialmente associados à presença de PAH e de metais traços, tanto na água quanto nos tecidos animais, comprovando um cenário geral de contaminação ambiental implicando diretamente em risco à saúde e sobrevivência da biota local. Esse estudo mostra a relevância do biomonitoramento contínuo dos ecossistemas estuarinos, afim de nortear autoridades no manejo de efluentes e assegurar o desenvolvimento evolutivo de espécies estuarinas, sobretudo dos peixes de importância na culinária regional, diretamente relacionados à segurança alimentar humana.

Abstract Estuaries are constantly subject to continuous environmental impacts of human activities, such as fisheries, port or industry, and domestic sewage, with fish being one of the most affected aquatic animals, reflecting the impacts directly on their bodies. Thus, the aim of this study was to carry out the biomonitoring of an estuary located on the Amazonian Equatorial Coast through analysis of PAHs (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) in the water, in addition to trace metals, histopathological alterations and analysis of erythrocyte micronuclei in Sciades herzbergii. S. herzbergii was used as a model species, due to its estuarine-resident behavior. Gonad and gill samples were subjected to histopathological evaluations. The quantification of trace metals was performed in samples of skeletal muscles of the animals collected, where concentrations of Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Cadmium (Cd), Magnesium (Mg), Iron (Fe) and Aluminum (Al) were found. Except for Cadmium (Cd), all the concentrations were above the recommended limits. The PAHs analysis revealed the presence of Naphthalene and Acenaphthene in the water samples Histopathological and genotoxic analyses revealed of lesions in 100% of the study specimens. Thus, the histological and genotoxic alterations found in 100% of S. herzbergii specimens captured in São José Bay-MA are potentially associated with PAH concentrations present in the water. These results are potentially associated with the presence of PAH and trace metals, both in water and in animal tissues, inferring a general scenario of environmental contamination which directly implies a risk to the health and survival of the local biota. This study shows the relevance of continuous biomonitoring of estuarine ecosystems, in order to guide authorities regarding sewage management and ensure the evolutionary development of estuarine species, especially fishes of importance in the local cuisine, therefore related to human food security.

RESUMO O crescent arsenal terapêutico na esclerose múltipla (EM) tem permitido tratamentos mais efetivos e personalizados, mas a escolha e o manejo das terapias modificadoras da doença (TMDs) tem se tornado cada vez mais complexos. Neste contexto, especialistas do Comitê Brasileiro de Tratamento e Pesquisa em Esclerose Múltipla e do Departamento Científico de Neuroimunologia da Academia Brasileira de Neurologia reuniram-se para estabelecer este Consenso Brasileiro para o Tratamento da EM, baseados no entendimento de que neurologistas devem ter a possibilidade de prescrever TMDs para EM de acordo com o que é melhor para cada paciente, com base em evidências e práticas atualizadas. Por meio deste documento, propomos recomendações práticas para o tratamento da EM, com foco principal na escolha e no manejo das TMDs, e revisamos os argumentos que embasam as estratégias de tratamento na EM.

ABSTRACT The expanding therapeutic arsenal in multiple sclerosis (MS) has allowed for more effective and personalized treatment, but the choice and management of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) is becoming increasingly complex. In this context, experts from the Brazilian Committee on Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis and the Neuroimmunology Scientific Department of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology have convened to establish this Brazilian Consensus for the Treatment of MS, based on their understanding that neurologists should be able to prescribe MS DMTs according to what is better for each patient, based on up-to-date evidence and practice. We herein propose practical recommendations for the treatment of MS, with the main focus on the choice and management of DMTs, as well as present a review of the scientific rationale supporting therapeutic strategies in MS.

Objectivos: Descrever a experiência sexual feminina no terceiro trimestre de gravidez. Tipo de estudo: Estudo descritivo transversal. Local: Consulta de Referência da Maternidade Dr. Alfredo da Costa - Lisboa, Portugal. População: Amostra de conveniência de cem mulheres com gravidez de baixo risco, que não tinham restrições médicas na sua actividade sexual. Métodos: As participantes completaram voluntariamente e em anonimato um questionário elaborado pelos autores respeitante a dados demográficos, história obstétrica, relacionamento sexual e esclarecimento/mitos sobre a sexualidade durante o último mês de gravidez. Resultados: A maioria das grávidas refere diminuição da actividade sexual após engravidar, embora mantenha relações sexuais uma ou mais vezes por semana e coito vaginal no terceiro trimestre, sem mudanças significativas para outros tipos de comportamento. Os factores que influenciam a redução da actividade sexual no terceiro trimestre são a diminuição do desejo, dispareunia e cansaço físico. Os mitos, crenças religiosas, nível de educação e dificuldade na informação sentida também parecem contribuir para a redução da actividade sexual. Frequentemente as grávidas indicam que o parceiro tem medo de prejudicar o bebé. Poucas mulheres obtiveram informação através dos profissionais de saúde sobre este tópico e consideram que gostariam de ter sido mais bem esclarecidas pelos mesmos. Conclusões: Os autores acreditam que na maioria dos casos a gravidez não provoca uma ruptura na sexualidade de um casal se esta era previamente satisfatória. No entanto, consideram importante a abordagem deste tema com a grávida por parte dos profissionais de saúde.

Objectives: To describe the sexual activity of women in the third trimester of pregnancy. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Dr. Alfredo da Costa Obstetric Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal. Participants: One hundred pregnant women with a low risk pregnancy, without medical restrictions on their sexual activity. Methods: An anonymous self-administered questionnaire including demographic data, information on sexual relations, and beliefs about sexuality during the last trimester of pregnancy was completed by women attending an outpatient obstetric clinic during the third trimester of their pregnancy. Results: Most women had reduced their sexual activity during pregnancy although half of them had sexual intercourse one or more times per week and continued vaginal intercourse with no significant changes in other sexual behaviours in the third trimester. Factors associated with a reduction in sexual activity in the third trimester were reduced desire and satisfaction, dyspareunia and fatigue. Myths, religion, level of education and lack of information from heath care providers were also associated with a reduction sexual activity. Women indicated frequently that their sexual partner was afraid of harming the baby. A few women had information from health professionals regarding sexual activity in pregnancy and think that they should received more. Conclusions: The authors believe that pregnancy does not disrupt sexuality in a couple with a previously satisfactory relationship. Nevertheless health professionals should discuss this topic with pregnant women more often.

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar um estudo do processo de extração do óleo essencial de Cymbopogon schoenanthus Spreg com CO2 pressurizado, e comparar os resultados obtidos com um processo convencional de extração. Os experimentos foram realizados numa temperatura de extração de 15ºC, pressão de 66,7 bar e vazão média de 1,23 gCO2/min. O processo ocorreu num extrator em leito fixo e foi adotado o método dinâmico para o cálculo da solubilidade. A extração com solvente orgânico foi realizada com etanol através de uma incubadora a 15ºC, seguida de filtração a vácuo e posterior evaporação do solvente. A composição do óleo foi analisada por cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrômetro de massa. A extração com CO2 apresentou um rendimento de 2,78% e solubilidade de 1,51.10-2 g óleo/g CO2.

The objective of this work was to study the essential oil extraction process of Cymbopogon schoenanthus Spreg with pressured CO2, and to compare the results with a conventional extraction process. The experiment was conducted at 15°C, 66.7 bar and a medium flow rate of 1.23 g CO2/min, in a fixed bed extractor and a dynamic method was adopted for the solubility calculation. The solvent extraction was realized with ethanol in an incubator, followed by a vacuum filtration and solvent evaporation. The composition of the oil was analyzed by a gas chromatography connected to a mass spectrometer. The extraction with CO2 showed a yield of 2.78%, and solubility of 1.48 x 10-2 g oil/ g CO2.

Para estudar as perdas do elemento nitrogênio, ocasionadas pela erosão num solo tipo terra roxa misturada, em Campinas, utilizaram-se quatro talhões sujeitos a plantio e práticas culturais diferentes, mantidos pela Seção de Conservação do Solo, do Instituto Agronômico. As amostras da água de enxurrada e do material sólido arrastado de cada talhão eram retiradas de coletores especiais e as águas das chuvas que produziram enxurradas, dum pluviômetro mantido nesse campo experimental. Os resultados indicam que o nitrogênio nas formas nítrica e amoniacal, trazido pelas chuvas, só em parte 6 perdido pela erosão. Os ganhos em nitrogênio, pelo solo, compensam parcialmente as perdas dêsse elemento sob outras formas, ocasionadas pela água de enxurrada. Dependendo da prática conservacionista e do desenvolvimento das chuvas, o nitrogênio incorporado ao solo pode compensar as perdas ocasionadas pelo material sólido erosado. Nas práticas culturais mais comuns no Estado, porém, as perdas de nitrogênio no material arrastado são muito elevadas e não são recuperadas pelo nitrogênio trazido pelas chuvas. O tipo de cultivo e práticas culturais parecem não ter influência na composição da água de enxurrada. As relações entre a composição da chuva, de um lado, e a de enxurrada e material arrastado, de outro, não são muito claras. Para o nitrogênio amoniacal parece existir um equilíbrio entre as fases sólida e líquida das perdas por erosão, pois chuvas relativamente ricas nesse radical produziram enxurradas mais pobres, enquanto chuvas muito pobres deram enxurradas com teores mais elevados, isto é, os teores de Namoniacal eram relativamente constantes nas enxurradas, independentes dos teores existentes nas chuvas. Para os nitratos não existiu relação entre chuvas e enxurradas, sendo as variações talvez devidas às oscilações sofridas no fenômeno de nitrificação do solo.

The economy of soil nitrogen in relation to erosion losses in plots submitted to controlled management and conservation practices was studied from 1950 through 1952. Aliquots of the eroded material, runoff water, and rainfall (from rain gauge) were analysed for ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and total nitrogen. The quantity of ammonium and nitric nitrogen removed in the runoff water and in the lost soil was smaller than that found in the rain water. Thus, for the conditions of the experiment, nitrogen introduced in the soil by the rains compensated for the total loss of nitrogen in the runoff water. However, the amount of nitrogen removed in the eroded material far exceeded any losses in the runoff water and the gains from rain water, except for plots that received good conservation practices. No correlation was found between soil management or conservation practices and ammonium and nitric nitrogen content in the runoff water. The relationship between lain water composition and runoff water was not clear. It seems that the nitrates in the runoff water are more closely related to soil nitrification than to rainfall composition. The ammonium nitrogen content in the runoff water and in the eroded material was fairly constant and seemed independent of the rain water composition. This fact is explained as the result of an equilibrium between the solid and liquid phases of the erosion losses.