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¿Preguntan los profesionales de salud sobre consumo de alcohol? Resultados de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud Chile 2017
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Durán-Santa Cruz, Josefina

; Niemann-Concha, Paula

; Metcalfe-Torres, Valentina

; Passi-Solar, Álvaro

; Margozzini-Maira, Paula

ARS medica (Santiago)

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Set 2024, Volume 49 Nº 3 Páginas 7 - 14

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Background and aims: Alcohol-attributable burdens of disease and social costs are a public health concern in Chile. Besides population-wide preventive policy, individual screening and brief counseling are effective ways to lower this burden. This study aims to estimate the national coverage and characteristics of healthcare provider-led alcohol quantity consumption screening (AQS) in Chile. Methods: The study included a random national household sample of 5,240 participants of the Chilean National Health Survey 2017. Estimates -in percentages with confidence intervals (CI)- were weighted by differences in selection probability and nonresponse rates. Logistic regressions were used to test differences between subgroups, adjusting by age, sex, area and region, adjusted for confounders. Results are shown as odds ratios (OR) with CI. Results: Last year, the national AQS prevalence was 30% (95% confidence interval (CI): 27.8-32.5), 31.6% (95% CI: 28.1-35.3), and 28.8% (95% CI: 25.7-31.9) for men and women respectively. The lowest prevalence was observed in 15 to 24 year old participants (25.1%, 95% CI: 19.8-31.1) and the highest (33%, 95% IC: 29.5-37.3) in the 45-64 year old population. Only age (odd rate (OR): 1.06, IC) and hepatotoxic drug use (OR: 1.45, IC) were associated to AQS in multivariable models. Conclusion: These results show that there are low rates of healthcare provider alcohol enquiry in the Chilean health system. Updated data and a more rigorous assessment of this subject are needed to aid in future public health policy design.

Resumen Antecedentes y objetivos: la carga de enfermedad y los costos asociados al consumo de alcohol son un problema de salud pública. Formas eficaces de combatir este problema son la detección individual y la consejería breve. El objetivo de este estudio es estimar y describir la cobertura nacional de consulta sobre consumo de alcohol (CCA) dirigida por profesionales de salud en Chile. Métodos: se incluyó una muestra nacional aleatoria de 5.240 participantes de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud de Chile 2017. Las estimaciones fueron ponderadas según diferencias en la probabilidad de selección y las tasas de falta de respuesta. Resultados expresados en porcentajes con intervalo de confianza (IC). Se realizaron regresiones logísticas univariadas por edad, sexo, zona y región, ajustadas por confundentes. Resultado expresado en odds ratio (OR) junto con IC. Resultados: la prevalencia nacional de CCA fue de 30% (IC 95 %: 27,8-32,5), y de 31,6 % (IC 95 %: 28,1-35,3) y 28,8 % (IC 95%: 25,7-31,9) para hombres y mujeres respectivamente. La prevalencia más baja fue en participantes de 15 a 24 años (25,1%, IC 95%: 19,8-31,1) y la más alta (33%, IC 95%: 29,5-37,3) en la población de 45 a 64 años. En los modelos de regresión, la edad (OR: 1,06; IC 95% 1,00-1,11, por diez años de aumento en la edad) y el uso de drogas hepatotóxicas (OR: 1,45; IC 95%: 1,10-1,90), fueron las únicas variables que se asociaron significativamente con mayor CCA. Conclusión: este estudio encontró bajos porcentajes de CCA en Chile. Hace falta estudiar a mayor profundidad esta problemática para la mejoría o generación de nuevas políticas.

https://doi.org/10.11565/arsmed.v49i3.2007

Uso inapropiado de medicamentos en adultos mayores: resultados de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2010
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Passi, Alvaro

; Margozzini, Paula

; Valenzuela, Eduardo

; Hoyl, Trinidad

; Marín, Pedro Paulo

; Carrasco, Marcela

; Olea, Ricardo

; Gac, Homero

Revista médica de Chile

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Abr 2016, Volume 144 Nº 4 Páginas 417 - 425

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Background: Inappropriate medication use in older people is an important source of adverse events and complications. Aim: To determine the frequency of inappropriate medication use in the general population. Material and Methods: As part of the 2010 Chilean National Health Survey, 1,048 persons aged 65 years or more were interviewed about medication use. The information obtained was analyzed using standardized Beer’s criteria, adapted for the Chilean population, to define inappropriate medication use. A logistic regression model was performed to define risk factors for inappropriate medication use. Results: Ten percent of subjects had a high risk of inappropriate medication use. The most common medications used were chlorphenamine, amitriptyline, diazepam, chlorpromazine, chlordiazepoxide and piroxicam. The risk factors detected were female gender, polypharmacy and a bad health self-perception. Conclusions: Inappropriate medication use is common among Chilean older people and should be discouraged.

5567 downloads

Efecto de la incorporación de registros adicionales a la presión arterial en la Encuesta Nacional de Salud, Chile 2010
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Montero, Joaquín

; Mansilla, Cristián

; Margozzini, Paula

Revista médica de Chile

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Mar 2016, Volume 144 Nº 3 Páginas 285 - 290

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Background: It is of utmost importance to identify hypertensive subjects in a country, in order to use efficiently public resources. The National Health Survey 2009-10 in Chile incorporated a third measurement of blood pressure (BP) during the home visit performed by a nurse, and a second day of measurement in a representative sub-sample. Aim: To study the effect of these two additional actions over both the average value of BP and the national prevalence of hypertension. Material and Methods: A third blood pressure measurement was carried out in 5,058 subjects, and it was measured in a second day in 930 individuals. The effect of these additional measurements on absolute blood pressure values and the prevalence of hypertension were assessed. Results: A small but statistically significant reduction in mean systolic pressure (0.52 mmHg) and the prevalence of hypertension (1%) was observed after the incorporation of the third blood pressure measurement. No effects in these figures were observed after the measurement performed on a second day. Conclusions: These findings should be considered when designing the new National Health Survey in Chile.

1288 downloads

Cobertura de la estrategia preventiva de cáncer gástrico en Chile: resultados de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2009-2010
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Latorre S, Gonzalo

; Álvarez O, Jorge

; Ivanovic-Zuvic S, Danisa

; Valdivia C, Gonzalo

; Margozzini M, Paula

; Chianale B, José

; Miquel P, Juan Francisco

Revista médica de Chile

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Set 2015, Volume 143 Nº 9 Páginas 1198 - 1205

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Background: In Chile, gastric cancer (GC) is a major cause of cancer related deaths. The current screening strategy consists of an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGE) for people aged 40 years or more with epigastric pain. Aim: To evaluate the diagnostic coverage of the use of UGE for early detection of GC in Chile. Material and Methods: As part of the digestive module of the 2009-10 National Health Survey, 5293 adults over 15 years were asked about the presence of epigastric pain, possible upper gastrointestinal bleeding (PUGB), use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or histamine H2-receptor antagonists (H2RAs), family history of GC and having performed an UGE. Results: Persistent epigastric pain was observed in 3.4% of the population. PUGB signs were observed in 3.3% of the population. The prevalence of PPIs and H2RAs use was 4.3% and 2.2% respectively, reaching 21.6% in people aged 70 years and older. Life span prevalence of UGE was 18.3%, with differences by region, health insurance and educational level. UGE coverage in people aged 40 years or older with and without persistent epigastric pain was 14.4% and 3.2% respectively (Odds ratio 4.8, p < 0.01). The prevalence of UGE was similar among people with or without PUGB or family history of CG. Conclusions: The estimated coverage of the current GC prevention strategy in Chile is 14.4%, evaluated at a population level. Further studies are required to determine the impact of this strategy on early GC diagnosis and mortality.

2650 downloads

Cobertura de la estrategia preventiva de cáncer de vesícula biliar en Chile: Resultados de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2009-2010
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Latorre S, Gonzalo

; Ivanovic-Zuvic s, Danisa

; Corsi S, Óscar

; Valdivia C, Gonzalo

; Margozzini M, Paula

; Olea O, Ricardo

; Chianale B, José

; Miquel P, Juan Francisco

Revista médica de Chile

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Fev 2015, Volume 143 Nº 2 Páginas 158 - 167

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Background: In Chile, gallbladder cancer (GBC) is one of the most important causes of death and gallstone disease (GSD) is its main risk factor. Abdominal ultrasonography (AU) is used for the diagnosis of GSD and cholecystectomy is used to prevent it. Aim: To estimate GSD prevalence in the general population and to assess the diagnostic and therapeutic coverage of GSD as a preventive strategy for GBC in Chile. Material and Methods: A standardized digestive symptoms questionnaire of the 2009-2010 Chilean National Health Survey was answered by 5412 adults over 15 years old. Self-reports of AU, GBD and cholecystectomies were recorded. Results: The prevalence of biliary-type pain was 7.1%. During the last five years, the prevalence of AU was 16%. GSD was reported in 20% of these tests and 84% of them were asymptomatic. The prevalence of AU was significantly lower in Araucanía region and among people with less than 12 years of education. Life cholecystectomy prevalence was 11% and reached 40% in people aged over 60 years. Women accounted for 75% of total cholecystectomies. Twenty-one percent of individuals who referred biliary-type pain, were studied with an AU. Only 60% of people with GSD confirmed by AU underwent a cholecystectomy. Conclusions: GSD affects at least 27% of the Chilean adult population. Important deficits and inequities in GSD diagnostic and therapeutic coverage were identified.

3430 downloads

Facilitators and barriers to the adoption of healthy lifestyles after first myocardial infarction in Chile: A qualitative study
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Bambs, Claudia

; Sgombich, María

; Leiva, Loreto

; Baraona, Fernando

; Margozzini, Paula

; Pizarro, Claudia

; Rojas, Ana

Revista chilena de cardiología

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2015, Volume 34 Nº 3 Páginas 163 - 174

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Factors associated with therapeutic lifestyle change (TLC) after myocardial infarction (MI) have not been fully investigated in Chile. This study aimed to provide a descriptive examination of facilitators and barriers to TLC after first MI. Methods: Qualitative study based on in-depth interviews and focus groups with cardiologists and patients who had first MI one-year±2 months before the begin-ning of the study. Grounded theory research methods were used to guide sampling and coding of data. Results: Twenty-one patients who had first myocardial infarction and 14 cardiologists participated in in-depth interviews and focus groups until the point of theoretical saturation. Facilitators for TLC included optimism, self-efficacy, faith-based life purpose, positive attitudes by family and friends, social participation, good patient-physician relationship, and positive medical advice. Barriers were: individual (older age, female sex, lower educational level, limiting beliefs, ambi val ence, depressive mood, lack of knowledge on strategies to achieve TLC, financial constraints), family (family crisis, overprotection, im-posing attitudes, unhealthy habits at home), work (work overload and competition between work recovery and TLC), socio-environmental (neighborhood unsafety), and health provider-related (poor patient-physician re-lationship, limiting beliefs among physicians, medical advice centered on restrictions or imprecise, medical training focused on pharmacological therapies and in-terventional procedures over preventive care, and orga-nizational issues). Conclusions: Reported facilitators and barriers enhance understanding of the process of lifestyle change after first myocardial infarction, and might be targets for optimization of secondary preventive strategies among Chilean patients.

Los factores asociados con el cambio terapéutico de estilos de vida (TLC) después de un infarto agudo al miocardio (IAM) no han sido suficientemente investigados en Chile. El objetivo de este estudio fue explorar y describir los facilitadores y barreras para la adopción de TLC en pacientes que han sufrido un primer IAM. Métodos: Estudio cualitativo basado en entrevistas en profundidad y grupos focales con cardiólogos y pacientes que tuvieron un primer IAM un año ± 2 meses antes del inicio del estudio. Se usó metodología de Teoría Fundada para guiar el muestreo y la codificación de los datos. Resultados: Veintiún pacientes con un primer IAM y 14 cardiólogos participaron en las entrevistas en profundidad y grupos focales, hasta el punto de saturación teórica. Facilitadores para TLC incluyeron optimismo, autoeficacia, propósito de vida basado en la fe, actitudes positivas por familiares y amigos, participación social, buena relación médico-paciente, y un consejo médico positivo. Las barreras fueron: individuales (edad avanzada, sexo femenino, bajo nivel educacional, creencias limitantes entre los pacientes, ambivalencia, estado de ánimo depresivo, falta de conocimiento sobre estrategias para lograr TLC, limitaciones financieras), a nivel familiar (crisis de la familia, sobreprotección, imposición de actitudes, hábitos no saludables en el hogar), a nivel laboral (sobrecarga de trabajo y competencia entre la recuperación del trabajo y la adopción de TLC), a nivel socio-ambiental (inseguridad del barrio), y a nivel del proveedor de salud (mala relación médico-paciente, creencias limitantes entre los médicos, consejo médico impreciso o basado en restricciones, formación médica centrada en aspectos farmacológicos e intervencionales por sobre lo preventivo, y problemas de organización). Conclusiones: Los facilitadores y barreras reportados mejoran la comprensión del proceso de cambio de estilos de vida después del primer infarto agudo al miocardio, y pueden contribuir a la optimización de estrategias de prevención cardiovascular secundaria en pacientes chilenos.

1521 downloads

Prevalencia de síndrome de Gilbert y sus determinantes genéticas en población chilena
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Méndez, Luis

; Lagoa, Marcela

; Quiroga, Teresa

; Margozzini, Paula

; Azócar, Lorena

; Molina, Héctor R

; Vera, Alejandra

; Villarroel, Luis

; Arrese, Marco

; Hampe, Jochen

; Buch, Stephan

; Miquel, Juan F

Revista médica de Chile

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Out 2013, Volume 141 Nº 10 Páginas 1266 - 1274

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Background: In Europeans the TATA box TA7 repeat promoter variant in the UGT1A1 gene (UGT1A1*28) is the major determinant of bilirubin levels. Aim: To study the prevalence of Gilbert Syndrome (GS) and its genetic determinants in Chile. Material and Methods: Three different studies were conducted. The prevalence of GS in Chile was assessed in 991 subjects with normal liver tests (ALT and GGT) from the 2nd National Health Survey. We defined GS as a total bilirubin (TB) between 1.4-5mg/dL. The second study assessed the genotype prevalence of SNP rs6742078 (in LD with UGT1A1*28) and rs4149056 in 500 DNA samples of non-related Hispanics. Finally, a case-control study was designed to assess the phenotype-genotype correlation. UGT1A1*28 and rs4149056 variants were determined by direct sequencing and allelic discrimination assays (TaqMan), respectively. Results: Prevalence of GS in the general Chilean population was 2.6% (4.5% in males and 0.5% in female). No correlation with age, educational level or home location was found. Genotypes for UGT1A1*28 (TA6/6 50.5%, TA6/7 37.8%, TA7/7 11.7%) and rs4149056 (TT 74.1%, CT 22.8%, and CC 3.1%) variants were similar to Europeans. In the case-control study, most patients with GS were homozygotes for UGT1A1*28 (TA7/7, 74%). Of note, 44% of patients with intermediate TB levels were also TA7/7, compared to 7% in normal subjects. SLCO1B1 genotype was not correlated with TB levels. Conclusions: While the prevalence of GS was lower in Chile compared to Europeans (~5%), the prevalence of UGT1A1*28 homozygotes was similar (~12%). In Chilean Hispanics, the UGT1A1*28 variant explain 75% of GS phenotype.

20976 downloads

Nivel sérico de folato y vitamina B12 en adultos mayores chilenos: Resultados de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud ENS 2009-2010
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Castillo-Lancellotti, Cecilia

; Margozzini, Paula

; Valdivia, Gonzalo

; Padilla, Oslando

; Uauy, Ricardo

; Rozowski, Jaime

; Tur, Josep A

Revista médica de Chile

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Set 2013, Volume 141 Nº 9 Páginas 1107 - 1116

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Supraphysiological levels (SFL) of serum folate (SF) derived from flour fortification with folic acid (FA) could be risky among older adults with low vitamin B12 (B12) levels. Aim: To describe and analyze SF and B12 levels in older Chileans and to identify risk groups. Material and Methods: Participants were 1.043 older people aged ≥ 65 years from the National Health Chilean Health Survey 2009-2010 (ChNHS 2009-10), a multistage stratified random sample, representative of the national population. SF (µg/L) and B12 (pg/ml) were determined in fasting samples by competitive chemoluminescence immunoassay. Mean, deciles and percentiles 5 and 95th were calculated. We defined SF categories: < 4.4 (deficit); 4.41-20 (normal) and SFL: 20.01-25.6; 25.6-29 and > 29 µg/L (80th percentile of the distribution) and vitamin B12 categories: ≤ 200 (deficit); 200.1-299.5 (marginal deficit) and > 299.5 (normal). Prevalence rates, multiple and logistic regression models were used and adjusted by sex and age, educational level and residence area. Results: SF and B12 mean and 95th percentiles were 21.2 ± 0.56/38.6 µg/L and 348.4 ± 7.6/637(pg/ml) respectively. Forty nine percent of participants had SFL. Folate and B12 deficiency were present in 0.3 and 8.1% of participants, respectively. Men had significantly lower prevalence of SFL > 29 µg/L (OR adjusted odds ratio 0.47 95% confidence intervals: 0.26-0.84). B12 showed no significant variation by age and sex. The prevalence of SFL associated with B12 deficiency was 4.1%. No statistically significant association was observed between levels of folate and B12. Conclusions: Folate deficit is almost inexistent, but a significant percentage of participants had SFL suggesting the need for revising the current wheat flour fortification levels.

8749 downloads

Niveles séricos de alanino-aminotransferasa en población chilena: análisis de los resultados de la encuesta nacional de salud 2009-2010
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Tejos, Rodrigo

; Padilla, Oslando

; Pizarro, Margarita

; Solís, Nancy

; Arab, Juan Pablo

; Margozzini, Paula

; Miquel, Juan Francisco

; Riquelme, Arnoldo

; Arrese, Marco

Revista médica de Chile

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Jul 2013, Volume 141 Nº 7 Páginas 909 - 916

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Background: Determination of Alanine aminotransferase serum levels ([ALT]s) is a sensitive ana reliable test for liver diseases. Aim: To report the prevalence of abnormal [ALT]s in Chilean population and to identify associated variables. Methods: We analyzed data from a random sub-sample of 2,794 adults surveyed during the second Chilean National Health Survey. Abnormal [ALT]s were defined by using three different cut-off values (COV), two fixed COV (COV1: > 30 IU/L in men and > 19 IU/L in women and COV2 pre-defined by the performing laboratory) and a COV adjusted by age, weight and sex (COV3 > 31 IU/L for women and > 44 IU/L and men > 42 IU/L and > 66 IU/L with a BMI > 23). Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine risk factors for elevated [ALT]s Results: Mean [ALT]s values were 30.14 I U/L in men and 22.03 IU/L in women. The observed prevalence of abnormal [ALT]s defined by different COV were 38%, 11.5%, and 8.1% for COV1, COV2 and COV3 respectively. Variables independently associated to abnormal [ALT]s in a multivariate analysis were the following: serum gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase (OR: 1.055 [95% CI 1.033-1.078]) and body mass index (OR:1.13 [95% CI 1.09-1.17]). Variables inversely associated with abnormal [ALT]s (COV1) were mole gender (OR-.0.976 [95% CI 0.96-0.99) and HDL-cholesterol (OR:0979 [95% CI 0.96-0.99]). Conclusions: Independently of the COV used, Chilean population exhibits a high prevalence of abnormal [ALT]s which may reflect a significant burden of liver disease. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease could be a major contributor to elevated [ALT]s considering the association of abnormal [ALT]s and metabolic variables.

20652 downloads

10.

Aproximación al patrón de normalidad de TSH para la población chilena según Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2009-2010
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Mosso, Lorena

; Margozzini, Paula

; Trejo, Pamela

; Domínguez, Angélica

; Solari, Sandra

; Valdivia, Gonzalo

; Arteaga, Eugenio

Revista médica de Chile

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Jan 2013, Volume 141 Nº 1 Páginas 95 - 103

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Background: The determination ofthyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) reference values is critical for the diagnosis ofthyroid diseases. Aim: To explore and discuss different definitions to establish TSH reference values using a Chilean national survey sample. Material and Methods: The 2009-2010 Chilean National Health Survey recruited 5,416participants between the ages of 15 and 96years, from all geographic regions of Chile, including urban and rural zones. TSH was measured in a random subsample of 2,785 adults. Median value, 2.5 and 97.5 percentiles were described in three different populations: total survey population, "disease-free population" and the "laboratory kit disease free population". Results: TSH values were higher among women, the elderly and the less educated population. The 97.5 percentile value in the disease-free population was 7.46 uUl/ml. Using this value as a cut-off, hypothyroidism prevalence would be 4.8% in Chile and estimated pharmacological treatment coverage would be 58%. When laboratory kit cut-offs are used, prevalence rises to 22% and treatment coverage drops to 12%. The 2.5 percentile value in the disease-free population was 0.83 uUl/ml, which yields an estimated hyperthyroidism prevalence of3.89%. Conclusions: Median TSH concentration values in the Chilean "disease-free population" are higher than those proposed by laboratory kits and those of developed countries. TSH values in the general population of Chile are also higher in women, the elderly and the less educated population.

14062 downloads

11.

Elevada frecuencia de enfermedad tiroidea funcional en embarazadas chilenas sin antecedentes de patología tiroidea utilizando el estándar de TSH internacional
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Mosso M, Lorena

; Martínez G, Alejandra

; Rojas, María Paulina

; Margozzini, Paula

; Solari, Sandra

; Lyng, Trinidad

; Ortíz, Juan Andrés

; Carvajal, Jorge

Revista médica de Chile

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Nov 2012, Volume 140 Nº 11 Páginas 1401 - 1408

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Background: Thyroid hormones play an important role in fetal neural and cognitive development. Therefore thyroid abnormalities should be detected and treated early during pregnancy. Aim: To assess the frequency and risk factors for functional thyroid disorders during the first trimester of pregnancy. Material and Methods: A blood sample was obtained from women during their first trimester of pregnancy, consulting in a prenatal care facility. Women with known thyroid diseases were excluded from the study. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), total thyroxine (T4) and free thyroxine (fT4) were measured by electrochemoluminiscence. Antithyroid peroxidase antibodies (anti TPO) were measured by enzyme immunoassay. Results: Five hundred and ten women aged 25.7 ± 6.6 years were assessed. The frequency of clinical hypothyroidism was 0.6%, subclinical hypothyroidism 35.3% and clinical hyperthyroidism 1%. Five percent of women with hypothyroidism and 3.5% of euthyroid women had positive anti TPO antibodies. There was no association between the frequency of thyroid diseases and risk factors for thyroid diseases. Conclusions: There is a high frequency of subclinical thyroid diseases among women consulting in this prenatal care clinic.

12950 downloads

12.

La carga de la enfermedad en países de América Latina
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Dantés, Héctor Gómez

; Castro, Victoria

; Franco-Marina, Francisco

; Bedregal, Paula

; García, Jesús Rodríguez

; Espinoza, Azalea

; Huarcaya, William Valdez

; Lozano, Rafael

; Andrade, Joyce Mendes Schramm

; Valente, Joaquim Goncalves

; Bedregal, Paula

; Margozzini, Paula

; Zitko, Pedro

; Quintero, Rolando Enrique Peñaloza

; Rodríguez, Jesús

; Espinoza, Azálea

; Peña, Eduardo Zacca

; Séuc, Armando

; Domínguez, Emma

; Dantés, Héctor Gómez

; Castro, Victoria

; Méndez, Oscar

; Marina, Francisco Franco

; Ábrego, Gabriela Rodríguez

; Valdez, William

; Monzón, Jorge Antonio Miranda

Salud Pública de México

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- SciELO Analytics

2011, Volume 53 Supl. 2 Páginas s72 - s77

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

OBJECTIVE: To describe the burden of disease studies made in the region, identify the main priorities in health from the indicator Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs). MATERIAL AND METHODS: By the use of DALYs identify the burden of disease in the countries in the network. RESULTS: DALYs emphasize the emergency of mental disorders, diabetes mellitus in women and the disorders associated with alcohol consumption and injuries in men. CONCLUSIONS: Latin America is the region with more national studies of burden of disease, using a standardized methodology, that allows identifying new health priorities which are pressing to the health services; for that reason these results constitute an element to take into account in the establishment of public policies in each country.

OBJETIVO. Describir los estudios de carga de la enfermedad realizados en la región e identificar las principales prioridades en salud a partir del indicador años de vida saludable perdidos (AVISA). MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Mediante el uso de AVISA, identificar la carga de enfermedad en los distintos países. RESULTADOS: Los AVISA destacan la emergencia de los trastornos mentales, la diabetes mellitus en las mujeres y los trastornos por consumo de alcohol y lesiones en los hombres. CONCLUSIONES: América Latina es la región con más estudios nacionales de carga de la enfermedad realizados con una metodología estandarizada, que permiten identificar problemas de salud que están presionando a los servicios de atención; por ello estos resultados constituyen un elemento a tomar en cuenta en el establecimiento de políticas públicas en cada país.

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13.

La carga de la enfermedad en países de América Latina
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Dantés, Héctor Gómez

; Castro, Victoria

; Franco-Marina, Francisco

; Bedregal, Paula

; García, Jesús Rodríguez

; Espinoza, Azalea

; Huarcaya, William Valdez

; Lozano, Rafael

; Andrade, Joyce Mendes Schramm

; Valente, Joaquim Goncalves

; Bedregal, Paula

; Margozzini, Paula

; Zitko, Pedro

; Quintero, Rolando Enrique Peñaloza

; Rodríguez, Jesús

; Espinoza, Azálea

; Peña, Eduardo Zacca

; Séuc, Armando

; Domínguez, Emma

; Dantés, Héctor Gómez

; Castro, Victoria

; Méndez, Oscar

; Marina, Francisco Franco

; Ábrego, Gabriela Rodríguez

; Valdez, William

; Monzón, Jorge Antonio Miranda

Salud Pública de México

Métricas do periódico
- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

2011, Volume 53 Supl. 2 Páginas s72 - s77

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

23428 downloads Citado 3 vezes em SciELO

14.

Prevalencia de síndrome metabólico en población adulta Chilena: Datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2003
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VALENZUELA B, ANDREA A

; MAÍZ, ALBERTO

; MARGOZZINI, PAULA

; FERRECCIO, CATTERINA

; RIGOTTI, ATTILIO

; OLEA, RICARDO

; ARTEAGA, ANTONIO

Revista médica de Chile

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Jun 2010, Volume 138 Nº 6 Páginas 707 - 714

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Background: There are several diagnostic criteria for Metabolic Syndrome (MS) defnition. Aim: To study their application in the Chilean general adult population. Material and Methods: We analyzed data from a random sub sample of 1.833 adults aged 17 years and older surveyed during the First Chilean National Health Survey conducted in 2003. The prevalence of MS was estimated using the update Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF 2005) criteria. The distribution of MS was analyzed according to age, gender, educational level, geographic area, obesity and sedentary lifestyle. Results: The overall prevalence of MS was 31.6% (95% CI 28.5-34.9) and 36.8% (95% CI 33.5-40.3), according to update ATPIII-NCEP and IDF criteria respectively. Both criteria had a 90% concordance. Demographic and socioeconomic distribution was similar for both criteria. The prevalence of high blood pressure, high fasting glucose, and low HDL cholesterol (MS components) were: 46, 22 and 53% respectively. The prevalence of abnormal waist circumference was 30 and 59% according to update ATPIII-NCEP and IDF criteria, respectively. Using update ATPIII-NCEP criteria, the gender, age and educational level adjusted odds ratio (OR) for having MS was 9.59 (95% IC 6.8- 13.6) for obese subjects compared with normal weight subjects and 2.14 (95% IC 1.3-3.7) for sedentary subjects compared with non sedentary. Conclusions: There was a 90% agreement between update ATPIII-NCEP and IDF criteria for the diagnosis of MS. The overall prevalence of MS in this population was 32% usuing update ATPIII-NCEP criteria, with higher prevalence among obese and sedentary subjects.

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15.

Medicina Interna y Salud Pública: Claves para una relación virtuosa
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Jiménez de la Jara, Jorge

; Albala, Cecilia

; Bambs, Claudia

; Cruz Mena, Edgardo

; Espinoza, Manuel

; Margozzini, Paula

; Rada, Gabriel

; Marín, Pedro Paulo

Revista médica de Chile

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Ago 2009, Volume 137 Nº 8 Páginas 1095 - 1098

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

A special Committee on Internal Medicine and Public Health was established by Sociedad Médica de Santiago (Chilean Society of Internal Medicine) in April 2007 with the duty to write a Consensus Paper on the interaction between both branches of medical profession. The main objective was to find the common grounds on which to construct a positive approach to regain space for Internal Medicine, based on prevalent epidemiológica! features related to adult health issues. The authors describe the reasons to explain the gap between clinical medicine and population health and identify the nature and evolution of chronic diseases as the point of encounter between both. With Chilean health surveys data, they state that chronic diseases explain the high proportion of burden of disease, mortality and disability, and stress that by the year 2025 one in every five inhabitants will be over 65years of age, with ageing as another main problem for the health care sector. Population with multiple risks and multimorbidity is the most important challenge for the Chilean Health Care System. A new model of care is needed to tackle this scenario with new skills regarding psychosocial determinants of health. The leading role of internists and ideally geriatricians, will be crucial in this process and will help the implementation of sound population based interventions. Both individual and community level interventions will help to improve quality of life of Chilean families.

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