Resumo Este artigo propõe uma abordagem sociológica para analisar como a relação entre centro e periferia afeta a produção e a circulação de ideias. Por meio do conceito de “efeitos periféricos”, procuro examinar empiricamente como essa relação afeta a construção de textos sociológicos. O objeto empírico do artigo é o texto “Sociologia e mudança social”, do brasileiro Luiz de Aguiar Costa Pinto, publicado originalmente em 1947 e republicado em 1961. O artigo compara as duas versões e demonstra como as diferentes posições do seu autor nos circuitos periféricos explicam mudanças conceituais e textuais.

Abstract This article outlines a sociological approach to analyze how center-periphery relations determine the production and circulation of ideas. I use the concept of ‘peripheral effects’ to empirically examine how this relation affects the writing of sociological texts. The empirical object of this article is the text “Sociology and social change” by Luiz de Aguiar da Costa Pinto, which was originally published in 1947 and reprinted in 1961. The article compares these two versions and demonstrates how Costa Pinto’s different positions in peripheral circuits explain conceptual and textual changes.

ABSTRACT Objective: Initial diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is frequently associated with advanced stages and a poor prognosis. Thus, the need for earlier diagnoses and detection in relatives at risk for the disease has led to increased use of RET genetic screening. Subjects and methods: We performed RET screening in 247 subjects who were referred to the Brazilian Research Consortium for Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (BRASMEN) Center in the State of Ceará. Direct genetic sequencing was used to analyze exons 8, 10, 11, and 13-16 in MTC index cases and specific exons in at risk relatives. Afterward, clinical follow-up was offered to all the patients with MTC and their affected relatives. Results: RET screening was performed in 60 MTC index patients and 187 at-risk family members. At the initial clinical assessment of the index patients, 54 (90%) were diagnosed with apparently sporadic disease and 6 (10%) diagnosed with hereditary disease. After RET screening, we found that 31 (52%) index patients had sporadic disease, and 29 (48%) had hereditary disease. Regarding at-risk relatives, 73/187 were mutation carriers. Mutations in RET codon 804 and the rare p.M918V mutation were the most prevalent. Conclusions: Performing RET screening in Ceará allowed us to identify a different mutation profile in this region compared with other areas. RET screening also enabled the diagnosis of a significant number of hereditary MTC patients who were initially classified as sporadic disease patients and benefited their relatives, who were unaware of the risks and the consequences of bearing a RET mutation.

Resumo:Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir a questão dos intelectuais no Terceiro Mundo a partir de um estudo de caso focado no sociólogo Alberto Guerreiro Ramos. Parte-se da hipótese de que a bibliografia sobre intelectuais é excessivamente eurocêntrica e que é possível superar tal problema com a análise empírica de intelectuais periféricos. O artigo utiliza dados de pesquisa realizada ao longo de 3 anos e enfoca 3 aspectos da prática sociológica de Ramos: a) o diálogo crítico com as teorias produzidas no Hemisfério Norte; b) o seu estilo de escrita; c) sua busca por autonomia intelectual. Os dados são analisados à luz da bibliografia produzida por historiadores e sociólogos sobre intelectuais. Conclui-se que estudos sobre intelectuais periféricos evidenciam uma relação entre ideias e vida pública diferente daquela encontrada nos países centrais.

Abstract:This article aims to discuss the issue of intellectuals in the Third World through a case study focused on the sociologist Alberto Guerreiro Ramos. It starts from the assumption that the literature on intellectuals is excessively Eurocentric and that it is possible to overcome such a problem by means of an empirical analysis of peripheral intellectuals. The article uses data from a research conducted over 3 years and it focuses on 3 aspects of Ramos' sociological practice: a) the critical dialogue with theories produced in the Northern Hemisphere; b) his writing style; c) his search for intellectual autonomy. Data are analyzed in the light of the literature produced by historians and sociologists about intellectuals. It is concluded that studies on peripheral intellectuals demonstrate a relation between ideas and public life different from that found in the core countries.

Resumo: O artigo analisa as diferentes fases na recepção da obra do sociólogo Alberto Guerreiro Ramos com o objetivo de entender as mudanças na sua reputação intelectual. A hipótese principal do texto diz respeito à necessidade de relacionar o discurso sociológico de Guerreiro Ramos ao ambiente global da sociologia entre os anos de 1950 e 1980. Para tanto, o autor relê a produção intelectual de Guerreiro Ramos para evidenciar seus interlocutores intelectuais e suas fontes teóricas. Esse método me permite comprovar a atualização do autor em relação às principais tendências sociológicas do período, desfazendo sua clássica representação como um intelectual outsider.

Abstract: The article analyzes the different receptions of the work of Brazilian sociologist Alberto Guerreiro Ramos to understand how his intellectual reputation changed. The main hypothesis is that one needs to articulate Ramos’ sociological discourse to global sociology between 1950 and 1980. In order to achieve this goal, the author analyzes Ramos’ intellectual production to illustrate both his sources and intellectual peers. This method proves how Ramos was up to date with the main sociological trends of his time. Therefore, his classical description as an outsider must be avoided.

This article seeks to present a research agenda under development by the author since his PhD and which is focused on a discussion about the role of "space" in social theory and Brazilian social thought. One of the theses which I sustain is related to the possibility of interpreting spatial images as cognitive modes of social life and not just descriptive categories of landscapes. Besides, I argue that these images perform a central role in non-central societies, which originated at the margins of European classical modernity. I also suggest that it is possible to analyze Brazilian social thought using this analytical tool.