ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia is a common complication in patients with cirrhosis and may lead to increased morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia and its association with disease severity scores, among patients with cirrhosis. DESIGN AND SETTING: Observational and retrospective cohort study carried out in a tertiary-care hospital in southern Brazil. METHODS: This study was conducted among patients with chronic liver disease who were followed up at the gastroenterology and hepatology outpatient clinic of a tertiary-care hospital in southern Brazil and who underwent computed tomography scans of the abdomen through any indication. RESULTS: We included 83 patients in the study. In the population evaluated, there was a predominance of males (57.80%) and the mean age was 56 years. Hepatitis B or C virus was present in the genesis of the disease in 34.9% of the cases, followed by an etiology of alcohol abuse (30.1%). Sarcopenia was diagnosed in 41 (49.4%) of the patients when the cutoff point for cirrhotic patients was used. There was no significant correlation between the Child-Pugh and MELD severity scores and the occurrence of sarcopenia. CONCLUSION: Sarcopenia presents high prevalence among patients with chronic liver disease, without any association with predictors of severity.

Existem indivíduos que apresentam deterioração progressiva da linguagem sem apresentar déficits em outros domínios cognitivos; estes pacientes em geral apresentam afasia primária progressiva (APP). OBJETIVO: Identificar, pela imagenologia, áreas cerebrais que quando sofrem atrofia, ou quando seu sistema de conexões apresenta alterações, levam a disfasia. MÉTODO: Foram avaliados quatro pacientes com APP, utilizando-se ressonância magnética com as técnicas de imagem por tensores da difusão (DTI) e medida do volume cortical em áreas de interesse previamente definidas. Estes pacientes foram comparados com um grupo controle constituído por dois voluntários. RESULTADOS: Redução da média dos volumes dos giros temporais esquerdos no grupo de pacientes, em relação ao grupo controle, e alterações quanto ao volume e número de fibras nos tratos correspondentes. CONCLUSÃO: Pacientes com APP têm tendência a apresentar danos tanto ao nível cortical quanto subcortical.

There are individuals who have a progressive language deficit without presenting cognitive deficits in other areas. One of the diseases related to this presentation is primary progressive aphasia (PPA). OBJECTIVE: Identify by means of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and measurements of cortical volume, brain areas that lead to dysphasia when presenting signs of impaired connectivity or reduced volume. METHOD: Four patients with PPA were evaluated using DTI, and measurements of cortical volumes in temporal areas. These patients were compared with two normal volunteers. RESULTS: There is a trend to a difference in the number and volume of related fibers between control group and patients with PPA. Comparing cortical volumes in temporal areas between groups yielded a trend to a smaller volume in PPA patients. CONCLUSION: Patients with PPA have a trend to impairment in cortical and subcortical levels regarding relevant areas.