ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate symptoms, lung function, and quality of life of a cohort of patients hospitalized for severe COVID-19 12 months after hospital admission. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. We included severe COVID-19 survivors hospitalized in one of three tertiary referral hospitals for COVID-19 in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Participants were submitted to lung function and six-minute walk tests and completed the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire. Results: The whole sample comprised 189 COVID-19 survivors (mean age = 59.6 ± 13.4 years) who had been admitted to a ward only (n = 96; 50.8%) or to an ICU (n = 93; 49.2%). At 12 months of follow-up, 43% of patients presented with dyspnea, 27% of whom had a restrictive ventilatory disorder and 18% of whom presented with impaired DLCO. There were no significant differences in FVC, FEV1, and TLC between the survivors with or without dyspnea. However, those who still had dyspnea had significantly more impaired DLCO (14.9% vs. 22.4%; p < 0.020) and poorer quality of life. Conclusions: After one year, survivors of severe COVID-19 in a middle-income country still present with high symptom burden, restrictive ventilatory changes, and loss of quality of life. Ongoing follow-up is needed to characterize long COVID-19 and identify strategies to mitigate its consequences. Objective symptoms COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 1 admission Methods crosssectional cross sectional study Horizonte Brazil sixminute six minute EQ5D3L EQDL EQ 5D 3L D L questionnaire Results 18 mean 596 59 6 59. 134 13 4 13. years n 96 50.8% 508 50 8 93 49.2%. 492 49.2% . 49 2 49.2%) followup, followup follow up, up 43 27 FVC FEV1 FEV However 14.9% 149 14 9 (14.9 vs 22.4% 224 22 0.020 0020 0 020 Conclusions year middleincome middle income burden changes consequences COVID1 COVID- 5 50.8 49.2 14.9 (14. 22.4 0.02 002 02 50. 49. 14. (14 22. 0.0 00 (1 0. (

Abstract Objective: To describe study protocol and initial results of research project COVID-Inconfidentes. Method: This paper described the methodological procedures adopted and the prevalence of the SARS-CoV-2 infection in the population. A household survey was conducted between October and December 2020, in two historic cities of Brazil's mining region. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody was detected using the Wondfo® rapid test. The face-to face interview consisted of administration of a questionnaire containing registration data, sociodemographic and economic variables, living habits, general health condition, mental health, sleep habits, and eating and nutrition. Results: We evaluated 1,762 residents, of which 764 (43.4 %) were in Mariana and 998 (56.6 %) in Ouro Preto. For both cities, 51.9 % of the interviewees were female, with a predominance of the age range 35 to 59 years old (47.2 %). The prevalence of the SARS-CoV-2 infection was 5.5 % in both cities, 6.2 % in Ouro Preto, and 4.7 % in Mariana (p-value > 0.05). Conclusion: The study was effective to estimate the seroprevalence of infection by the virus and its findings will enable further analyses of the health conditions of the population related to social isolation and the risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2.

Resumen Describir el protocolo de estudio y los resultados iniciales del proyecto de investigación COVID Inconfidentes. Método: Este artículo describe los procedimientos metodológicos adoptados y la prevalencia de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 en la población. Se realizó una encuesta domiciliaria entre octubre y diciembre de 2020, en dos ciudades históricas de la región minera de Brasil. El anticuerpo anti-SARS-CoV-2 se detectó mediante la prueba rápida Wondfo®. La entrevista cara a cara consistió en la administración de un cuestionario que contenía datos de registro, variables sociodemográficas y económicas, hábitos de vida, estado general de salud, salud mental, hábitos de sueño, alimentación y nutrición. Resultados: Se evaluaron 1.762 habitantes, de los cuales 764 (43,4 %) estaban en Mariana y 998 (56,6 %) en Ouro Preto. Para ambas ciudades, el 51,9 % de los entrevistados eran del sexo femenino, con predominio del rango de edad de 35 a 59 años (47,2 %). La prevalencia de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 fue del 5,5 % en ambos municipios, del 6,2 % en Ouro Preto y del 4,7 % en Mariana (p > 0,05). Conclusión: El estudio fue efectivo para estimar la seroprevalencia de infección por el virus y sus hallazgos permitirán analizar más las condiciones de salud de la población relacionadas con el aislamiento social y el riesgo de infección por SARS-CoV-2.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has adversely affected the health of the global population, with sleep quality being one of the affected parameters. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate sleep quality and its associated factors in adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. DESIGN AND SETTING: A population-based cross-sectional serological survey of 1,762 adults in the Iron Quadrangle region of Brazil. METHODS: The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to assess sleep quality. Sociodemographic variables, health conditions, health-related behaviors, anxiety, vitamin D levels, weight gain/loss, and pandemic characteristics were assessed using a structured questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate analyses using Poisson regression with robust variance were performed to identify factors associated with sleep quality. RESULTS: More than half of the participants reported poor sleep quality (52.5%). Multivariate analysis revealed that the factors associated with poor sleep quality included living alone (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.34; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04–1.73), anxiety disorder (PR = 1.32; 95% CI: 1.08–1.62), 5.0% weight loss (PR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.02–1.44), 5.0% weight gain (PR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.03–1.55), vitamin D deficiency (PR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.01–1.35), and COVID-19 symptoms (PR = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.10–1.52). CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed that more than half of the participants experienced poor sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Factors associated with poor sleep quality included vitamin D deficiency and weight changes related to the pandemic. BACKGROUND COVID19 COVID 19 (COVID-19 population parameters OBJECTIVES COVID-1 Brazil SETTING populationbased based crosssectional cross sectional 1762 1 762 1,76 METHODS variables conditions healthrelated behaviors levels gainloss gain/loss questionnaire RESULTS 52.5%. 525 52.5% . 52 5 (52.5%) prevalence PR [PR 1.34 134 34 95 CI [CI] 1.04–1.73, 104173 1.04–1.73 , 04 73 1.04–1.73) 1.32 132 32 1.08–1.62, 108162 1.08–1.62 08 62 1.08–1.62) 50 0 5.0 1.21 121 21 1.02–1.44, 102144 1.02–1.44 02 44 1.02–1.44) 1.27 127 27 1.03–1.55, 103155 1.03–1.55 03 55 1.03–1.55) 1.16 116 16 1.01–1.35, 101135 1.01–1.35 01 35 1.01–1.35) 1.29 129 29 1.10–1.52. 110152 1.10–1.52 10 1.10–1.52) CONCLUSIONS COVID1 (COVID-1 COVID- 176 76 1,7 52.5 (52.5% 1.3 13 3 9 [CI 10417 1.04–1.7 7 10816 1.08–1.6 6 5. 1.2 12 2 10214 1.02–1.4 4 10315 1.03–1.5 1.1 11 10113 1.01–1.3 11015 1.10–1.5 (COVID- 17 1, 52. (52.5 1. 1041 1.04–1. 1081 1.08–1. 1021 1.02–1. 1031 1.03–1. 1011 1.01–1. 1101 1.10–1. (COVID (52. 104 1.04–1 108 1.08–1 102 1.02–1 103 1.03–1 101 1.01–1 110 1.10–1 (52 1.04– 1.08– 1.02– 1.03– 1.01– 1.10– (5 1.04 1.08 1.02 1.03 1.01 1.10 ( 1.0

ABSTRACT Background: The emergence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection via oral transmission has a habitual character in its primitive endemic cycle. Recent findings revealed the first death by oral transmission of T. cruzi in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, in 2012, which was recorded in the rural area of Guarapari. This study evaluated the characteristics related to the occurrence of natural T. cruzi infection among dogs from the rural areas of Alegre and Iconha, municipalities of Espírito Santo. Methods: Logistic regression analysis of factors contributing to serological detection of T. cruzi in dogs was performed in environments where Espírito Santo’s Department of Health Surveillance had previously notified triatomines positive for Trypanosoma spp. from 2014 to 2017. Results: A total of 36 dogs were analyzed, of which 10 (27.77%) tested positive, one was borderline (2.79%), and 25 tested negative (69.44%) for T. cruzi infection. São Caetano, a district from the Iconha municipality, presented a 25 times greater chance for the detection of positive tests (OR:25; 95% CI; 2.37->100). Dogs with updated mandatory vaccination presented with a lower risk of positive serodiagnosis (OR:0.12; 95% CI: 0.02-0.63). Conclusions: Our results highlight for the first time the occurrence of natural T. cruzi canine infection, detected in the municipality of Iconha, mainly among dogs with un-updated mandatory vaccines in the district of São Caetano.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has adversely affected the health of the global population, with sleep quality being one of the affected parameters. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate sleep quality and its associated factors in adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. DESIGN AND SETTING: A population-based cross-sectional serological survey of 1,762 adults in the Iron Quadrangle region of Brazil. METHODS: The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to assess sleep quality. Sociodemographic variables, health conditions, health-related behaviors, anxiety, vitamin D levels, weight gain/loss, and pandemic characteristics were assessed using a structured questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate analyses using Poisson regression with robust variance were performed to identify factors associated with sleep quality. RESULTS: More than half of the participants reported poor sleep quality (52.5%). Multivariate analysis revealed that the factors associated with poor sleep quality included living alone (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.34; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04–1.73), anxiety disorder (PR = 1.32; 95% CI: 1.08–1.62), 5.0% weight loss (PR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.02–1.44), 5.0% weight gain (PR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.03–1.55), vitamin D deficiency (PR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.01–1.35), and COVID-19 symptoms (PR = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.10–1.52). CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed that more than half of the participants experienced poor sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Factors associated with poor sleep quality included vitamin D deficiency and weight changes related to the pandemic.

ABSTRACT Background: COVID-19 has been associated with persistent symptoms and functional changes, especially in those surviving severe disease. Methods: We conducted a prospective multicenter study in patients with severe COVID-19 to determine respiratory sequelae. Patients were stratified into two groups: ward admission (WA) and intensive care unit (ICU) admission. In each follow-up visit, the patients where inquired about cough and dyspnea, and performed spirometry, lung volumes, carbon monoxide diffusion capacity (DLCO), 6-minute walk test (6MWT), and respiratory muscle strength (MIP and MEP). Results of pulmonary function tests at 45 days and 6 months after hospital admission were compared using paired analysis. Results: 211 patients were included, 112 in WA and 99 in ICU. Dyspnea persisted in 64.7% in the WA and 66.7% in the ICU group after 6 months. Lung function measures showed significant improvement between 45 days and 6 months, both in WA and ICU groups in VC, FVC, FEV1, total lung capacity, and 6MW distance measures. The improvement in the proportions of the altered functional parameters was significant in the ICU group for VC (44.2% 45 d; 20.8% 6 m; p = 0,014), FVC (47.6% 45 d; 28% 6 m; p = 0,003), FEV1 (45.1% 45 d; 28% 6 m; p = 0,044), DLCO (33.8% 45 d; 7.7% 6 m; p < 0,0001). Conclusion: Six months follow-up of patients with the severe forms of COVID-19 showed significant improvement in the lung function measures compared to 45 days post hospital discharge. The difference was more evident in those requiring ICU admission.

Background: A population study is an important tool that can be used to understand the actual epidemiological scenario of the Covid-19 in different territories, identify its magnitude, understand its transmission dynamics, and its demographic, geographical, and social distribution. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the population of two Brazilian cities during the pandemic first wave and subsequent socioeconomic and health effects. Materials &amp; methods: This paper described the methodological procedures adopted and the prevalence of the SARS-CoV-2 infection in the population. A household survey was conducted between October and December 2020, in two historic cities of Brazil's mining region. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody was detected using the Wondfo® rapid test. The face-to-face interview consisted of administration of a questionnaire containing registration data, sociodemographic and economic variables, living habits, general health condition, mental health, sleep habits, and eating and nutrition. Results: We evaluated 1,762 residents, of which 764 (43.4%) were in Mariana and 998 (56.6%) in Ouro Preto. For both cities, 51.9% of the interviewees were female, with a predominance of the age range 35 to 59 years old (47.2%). The prevalence of the SARS-CoV-2 infection was 5.5% in all cities, 6.2% in Ouro Preto, and 4.7% in Mariana. The prevalence was similar between cities (P&gt;0.05). Conclusion: The study was effective in verifying the seroprevalence of infection by the virus and its findings will enable further analyses of the health conditions of the population related to social isolation and the risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2.

RESUMO Objetivo: Como a infecção por SARS-CoV-2 pode afetar gravemente os pulmões e podem ocorrer alterações funcionais persistentes após doença grave, nosso objetivo foi determinar os parâmetros de função pulmonar de pacientes com COVID-19, 45 dias após a alta hospitalar e comparar as alterações de acordo com a gravidade da doença. Métodos: Estudo multicêntrico, prospectivo, descritivo e analítico. Os participantes foram alocados em três grupos: grupo internação em enfermaria (IE); grupo internação em UTI sem ventilação mecânica (UTI/VM−); e grupo internação em UTI com VM (UTI/VM+). Volumes pulmonares, DLCO, PImáx, PEmáx e distância percorrida no teste de caminhada de seis minutos (DTC6) foram medidos 45 dias após a alta. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 242 pacientes (média de idade = 59,4 ± 14,8 anos; 52,1% do sexo masculino), e 232 (96%) apresentavam alteração da função pulmonar. Na coorte total, observou-se distúrbio restritivo em 96%, assim como redução da DLco (em 21,2% dos pacientes), VEF1/CVF (em 39,7%) e PEmáx (em 95,8%), sem diferença entre os grupos para todos. Na comparação entre os grupos, o grupo UTI/VM+ apresentou DLCO reduzida em 50% dos pacientes (p < 0,001) e teve menor média da DTC6 do valor previsto (p = 0,013). Dessaturação de oxigênio no teste de caminhada de seis minutos foi observada em 32,3% da coorte e foi menos frequente no grupo IE. Conclusões: Este é o primeiro estudo sul-americano envolvendo sobreviventes de COVID-19 grave cuja função pulmonar foi avaliada 45 dias após a alta hospitalar. Alterações foram frequentes, principalmente naqueles em VM, o que destaca a importância da avaliação da função pulmonar após COVID-19 grave.

ABSTRACT Objective: Because SARS-CoV-2 infection can severely affect the lungs and persistent functional changes can occur after severe disease, we aimed to determine lung function parameters of COVID-19 patients at 45 days after hospital discharge and compare changes according to the severity of the disease. Methods: This was a prospective descriptive analytical multicenter study. The participants were allocated into three groups: ward admission (WA) group; ICU admission not on mechanical ventilation (ICU/MV−) group; and ICU admission on MV (ICU/MV+) group. Lung volumes, DLco, MIP, MEP, and six-minute walk distance (6MWD) were measured 45 days after discharge. Results: The sample comprised 242 patients (mean age = 59.4 ± 14.8 years; 52.1% of males), and 232 (96%) had altered lung function. In the total cohort, restrictive disorder was observed in 96%, as well as reductions in DLco (in 21.2% of the patients), FEV1/FVC (in 39.7%), and PEmax (in 95.8%), with no differences between the groups. Comparing the groups, the ICU/MV+ group had reduced DLco in 50% of the patients (p < 0.001) and a lower mean 6MWD % of the predicted value (p = 0.013). Oxygen desaturation in the six-minute walk test was observed in 32.3% of the cohort and was less frequent in the IE group. Conclusions: This is the first South American study involving severe COVID-19 survivors whose lung function was assessed 45 days after hospital discharge. Changes were frequent, especially in those on MV, which highlights the importance of lung function evaluation after severe COVID-19.

Resumo Objetivo: Investigar a morbidade por esquistossomose na população indígena Xakriabá usando a ultrassonografia. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo de campo censitário realizado na terra da população indígena Xakriabá (166 convidados; 148 participantes; idade de 0-77). Foram feitos ultrassonografia abdominal, exame físico e coproscopia (EPF). Os testes Mann-Whitney U e qui-quadrado foram usados para comparações. Foram realizadas análise de risco (odds ratio - OR) e regressão logística. Resultados: De 116 índios com resultado de EPF, 31 (26,7%) tiveram ovos de Schistosoma; 22/31 (70,9%) tinham idade entre 4-16 anos. A carga parasitaria mediana foi 144 ovos/g (intervalo interquartílico: 264). De 105 examinados por ultrassom, 68 (64,8%) tiveram lobo hepático esquerdo aumentado, 6 (5,7%) tiveram esplenomegalia e 4 (3,8%) tiveram hipertensão portal. EPF+ foi mais frequente nos indivíduos com lobo esquerdo aumentado (OR: 3,4; intervalo de confiança (IC) 95%: 1,1-11,2; p = 0,043). Fibrose periportal ocorreu em 30/105 (28,6%) examinados, e desses 30, 9 (30%) apresentavam padrão C, 10 (33,3%) apresentavam padrão D e 11 (36,7%) apresentavam padrão Dc. A idade foi o único fator de risco independente para fibrose (p = 0,007). A fibrose ocorreu até nove vezes mais em usuários de álcool que em não usuários (OR: 9,28; IC 95%: 2,60-33,06; p < 0,001). Formas crônicas ocorreram em 54/138 (39,1%) participantes, sendo 32 dos 54 (64,8%) em menores de 30 anos; um (1,8%) era hepatoesplênico. Conclusão: A esquistossomose na população Xakriabá caracteriza-se por alta positividade, predomínio em crianças e presença de formas hepáticas crônicas em jovens, especialmente entre usuários de álcool.

Abstract Objective: To use ultrasound to investigate the morbidity related to schistosomiasis in the Xakriabá indigenous population. Materials and Methods: This was a field-based census study conducted in the territory of the Xakriabá people. A total of 166 individuals were invited, and 148 (≤ 77 years of age) agreed to participate. Most participants underwent abdominal ultrasound, physical examination, and stool examination. Mann-Whitney U and chi-square tests were used for comparisons. We determined risk by calculating odds ratio (OR) and performed logistic regression analysis. Results: Schistosoma mansoni eggs were found in 31 (26.7%) of the 116 stool samples examined, 22 (70.9%) of the 31 being from individuals 4-16 years of age. The median count was 144 eggs/g of feces (interquartile range, 264). Of the 105 participants examined with ultrasound, 68 (64.8%) had hepatomegaly (left lobe), 6 (5.7%) had splenomegaly, and 4 (3.8%) had portal hypertension. Egg-positive stool samples were more common in those with an enlarged left lobe (OR = 3.4; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1-11.2; p = 0.043). Periportal fibrosis was found in 30 participants (28.6%), of whom 9 (30%) had pattern C, 10 (33.3%) had pattern D, and 11 (36.7%) had pattern Dc. Age was the only independent risk factor for fibrosis (p = 0.007). Fibrosis was up to nine-fold more common in alcohol drinkers than in nondrinkers (OR = 9.28; 95% CI: 2.60-33.06; p < 0.001). Among the 138 participants in whom the clinical form was classified, the chronic hepatic form was identified in 54 (39.1%), of whom 32 (59.2%) were under 30 years of age and one (1.8%) was hepatosplenic. Conclusion: Schistosomiasis in the Xakriabá population is characterized by a high frequency of egg-positive stool samples, predominantly in children/adolescents, and by chronic hepatic form in the young, especially among alcohol drinkers.

BACKGROUND Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is an infectious disease that is a significant cause of death among infants aged under 1 year and the elderly in Brazil. Serodiagnosis is a mainstay of VL elimination programs; however, it has significant limitations due to low accuracy. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate three recombinant Leishmania infantum proteins (rFc, rC9, and rA2) selected from previous proteomics and genomics analyses to develop enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunochromatographic tests (ICT) for the serodiagnosis of human VL (HVL) and canine VL (CVL). METHODS A total of 186 human (70 L. infantum-infected symptomatic, 20 other disease-infected, and 96 healthy) and 185 canine (82 L. infantum-infected symptomatic, 27 L. infantum-infected asymptomatic, and 76 healthy) sera samples were used for antibody detection. FINDINGS Of the three proteins, rA2 (91.5% sensitivity and 87% specificity) and rC9 (95.7% sensitivity and 87.5% specificity) displayed the best performance in ELISA-HVL and ELISA-CVL, respectively. ICT-rA2 also displayed the best performance for HVL diagnosis (92.3% sensitivity and 88.0% specificity) and had high concordance with immunofluorescence antibody tests (IFAT), ELISA-rK39, IT-LEISH®, and ELISAEXT. ICT-rFc, ICT-rC9, and ICT-rA2 had sensitivities of 88.6%, 86.5%, and 87.0%, respectively, with specificity values of 84.0%, 92.0%, and 100%, respectively for CVL diagnosis. MAIN CONCLUSIONS The three antigens selected by us are promising candidates for VL diagnosis regardless of the test format, although the antigen combinations and test parameters may warrant further optimisation.

Resumo Objetivo: identificar a percepção dos trabalhadores de turnos alternantes de uma mineradora da região dos Inconfidentes, Minas Gerais, sobre sua qualidade de vida (QV) e analisar sua associação com indicadores de excesso de adiposidade corporal. Métodos: estudo transversal com 437 trabalhadores em turnos alternantes com um ou mais fatores de risco cardiovascular. Dados sociodemográficos e clínicos foram analisados. A QV foi avaliada com o questionário SF-36 e a adiposidade corporal estimada a partir das medidas antropométricas e de composição corporal. Resultados: a pontuação para os domínios da QV variou de 67 a 100, no entanto, o aumento de gordura corporal apresentou correlação negativa com os domínios saúde geral, vitalidade e capacidade funcional. Foi observada, por análise de cluster, a formação de dois agrupamentos, um composto pelos domínios da QV e o outro constituído pelos indicadores de composição corporal. Não foi identificada associação entre os escores estimados de QV dos trabalhadores de turno e o tempo de trabalho. Conclusão: o declínio da QV apresentou associação com o excesso de adiposidade corporal. Recomenda-se a adoção de medidas visando reduzir o excesso de adiposidade corporal e melhorar a qualidade de vida dos trabalhadores em turno alternante da mineração.

Abstract Objective: to identify the perception that alternating shift workers from a mining company in the region of Inconfidentes, Minas Gerais, Brazil, have about their quality of life (QoL) and to analyse its association with indicators of excess body adiposity. Methods: cross-sectional study involving 437 alternating shift workers with one or more cardiovascular risk factors. Sociodemographic and clinical data were analyzed. QoL was evaluated by the SF-36 questionnaire. Body adiposity was estimated through anthropometric and body composition measurements. Results: the scores for QoL domains ranged from 67 to 100, however, body fat increasing showed a negative correlation with general health, vitality and functional capacity domains. Through cluster analysis, the authors observed the formation of two groups, one comprising the QoL domains, and a second made up of body composition indicators. No association was found between the shift workers estimated QoL scores and their shift working lifetime. Conclusion: the QoL decline was associated with body adiposity excess. The recommendation is the adoption of measures aimed at reducing excess body adiposity and improving mining alternating shift workers‘ quality of life.

Resumo Objetivo: verificar o potencial discriminatório dos indicadores de adiposidade na predição da apneia obstrutiva do sono (AOS) em trabalhadores de turnos. Métodos: estudo transversal realizado em uma empresa de extração de minério de ferro, em Minas Gerais, Brasil. Dados antropométricos foram coletados e polissonografia (PSG) foi realizada em 118 trabalhadores de turno do sexo masculino que possuíam ao menos um fator de risco global para doença cardiovascular. Resultados: a prevalência de AOS na amostra foi de 84,7%. Entre os indicadores de adiposidade usados para predizerem a AOS (≥ 5 eventos/hora), o índice de massa corporal (IMC), a circunferência da cintura (CC), a relação cintura/estatura (RCE) e a gordura corporal total (GCT), revelaram valores de sensibilidade acima de 70%. Gordura visceral (GV), circunferência do pescoço (CP) e relação pescoço-estatura (RPE) foram as mais efetivas em identificar corretamente trabalhadores sem AOS (valores de especificidade acima de 70%). As áreas sob a curva de Característica de Operação do Receptor (COR) para CC e RPE foram maiores que 0,7, o que indicou que o teste foi eficaz na discriminação de indivíduos com AOS. Conclusões: alterações nos indicadores de adiposidade abdominal e cervical têm relação significativa com a presença de AOS e demostraram eficácia como método de rastreamento para PSG. CC e RPE são considerados bons indicadores para predizerem a AOS.

Abstract Objective: to verify the discriminatory power of adiposity indicators in the prediction of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in shift workers. Methods: a cross-sectional study carried out in an iron ore extraction company, in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Anthropometric data were collected and polysomnography (PSG) was performed in 118 male shift workers who owned at least one overall risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Results: the OSA prevalence in the sample was 84.7%. Among the adiposity indicators used to predict OSA (≥ 5 events/hour), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and total body fat (TBF) showed sensitivity values higher than 70%. Visceral fat (VF), neck circumference (NC), and neck-to-height ratio (NHtR) were the most effective in correctly identifying workers without OSA (specificity values higher than 70%). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for WC and NHtR were greater than 0.7, which indicated the test was effective in discriminating individuals with OSA. Conclusions: alterations in abdomen and neck adiposity indicators have a significant relationship with the presence of OSA and showed effectiveness as a screening method for PSG. WC and NHtR are considered good indicators for OSA prediction.

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Leishmaniasis is a complex vector-borne infectious diseases caused by protozoan parasites in the genus Leishmania and spread by hematophagous phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae, Phlebotominae). The aim of this study was to investigate the phlebotomine fauna, endophily and exophily of the species found, and possible influence of climatic factors on their populations. METHODS: The study was conducted in the Xakriabá Indigenous Reserve (XIR) in the municipality of São João das Missões in northern Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Insects were collected over three consecutive nights in the last week of each month for 12 months from July 2015 to May 2016 from four houses in four different villages. Two traps were set up in each house: one in the intra-domicile and another in the peri-domicile. RESULTS: A total of 2,012 phlebotomine sand fly specimens representing 23 species and belonging to 10 different genera were captured and identified. Among the studied villages, Riacho do Brejo showed the highest density and diversity of phlebotomine sand flies. The species Lutzomyia longipalpis (80.3%) and Nyssomyia intermedia (7.3%), which are major vectors of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis, respectively, had the highest population densities, both in the intra- and peri-domicile. No correlation was observed between climatic factors and the density of phlebotomine sand flies. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study may contribute to a better understanding and targeting of the measures for preventing and controlling leishmaniasis by the authorities responsible for indigenous health.

Resumo Objetivo: analisar os fatores sociodemográficos relacionados ao não uso do preservativo nas relações sexuais e a prevalência de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST) em comunidades rurais de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil, entre 2014 e 2016. Métodos: foram coletados dados de entrevista individual e realizados testes rápidos; as associações foram testadas pelo modelo de regressão de Poisson, com intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC95%). Resultados: foram detectados 3,8 casos/10 mil habitantes de hepatite B e sífilis, e 1,3/10 mil hab. de hepatite C; não foram detectados casos de HIV; na análise multivariada, foram encontradas maiores prevalências de não uso de preservativos entre indivíduos casados/em união estável/viúvos (RP=1,20 - IC95% 1,06;1,36). Conclusão: o grupo com maior prevalência de não uso de preservativo é o de pessoas com relacionamento fixo; novos casos de sífilis e de hepatites virais foram detectados pelo teste rápido, aplicado no inquérito.

Abstract Objective: to investigate socio-demographic factors associated with non-use of condoms, and to describe the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STI) in rural communities of Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 2014 to 2016. Methods: data were gathered from individual interviews and rapid tests were performed; associations were tested using Poisson regression, with a 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Results: we detected 3.8 cases/10,000 inhabitants for hepatitis B and syphilis, and 1.3 cases/10,000 inhabitants for hepatitis C; no HIV cases were detected; in the multivariate analysis we found higher prevalence rates of condom non-use among the group of individuals who were married, had common law partners or were widowed (PR=1.20 - 95%CI 1.06;1.36). Conclusion: individuals in a stable relationship formed the group with the highest prevalence rate of condom non-use; new syphilis and viral hepatitis cases were detected using rapid tests during the survey.

Resumen Objetivo: investigar el perfil sociodemográfico asociado al no uso del preservativo en las relaciones sexuales y describir la prevalencia de infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) en comunidades rurales de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil, entre 2014 y 2016. Métodos: se recolectaron datos en entrevista individual y se realizaron pruebas rápidas; las asociaciones fueron analizadas por la regresión de Poisson, con intervalo de confianza de 95% (IC95%). Resultados: se detectaron 3,8 casos/10 mil habitantes de hepatitis B y sífilis, y 1,3/10 mil habitantes de hepatitis C; no se detectaron casos de VIH; el análisis multivariado mostró mayor prevalencia de no uso del preservativo para personas casadas /en unión estable/viudos (RP=1,20 - IC95% 1,06;1,36). Conclusión: se detectaron nuevos casos de sífilis y hepatitis virales por las pruebas rápidas en esta investigación; el grupo de mayor riesgo de no usar preservativo fue de personas casadas/con relación fija.

Resumo Objetivo: analisar os fatores sociodemográficos relacionados ao não uso do preservativo nas relações sexuais e a prevalência de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST) em comunidades rurais de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil, entre 2014 e 2016. Métodos: foram coletados dados de entrevista individual e realizados testes rápidos; as associações foram testadas pelo modelo de regressão de Poisson, com intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC95%). Resultados: foram detectados 3,8 casos/10 mil habitantes de hepatite B e sífilis, e 1,3/10 mil hab. de hepatite C; não foram detectados casos de HIV; na análise multivariada, foram encontradas maiores prevalências de não uso de preservativos entre indivíduos casados/em união estável/viúvos (RP=1,20 - IC95% 1,06;1,36). Conclusão: o grupo com maior prevalência de não uso de preservativo é o de pessoas com relacionamento fixo; novos casos de sífilis e de hepatites virais foram detectados pelo teste rápido, aplicado no inquérito.

Abstract Objective: to investigate socio-demographic factors associated with non-use of condoms, and to describe the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STI) in rural communities of Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 2014 to 2016. Methods: data were gathered from individual interviews and rapid tests were performed; associations were tested using Poisson regression, with a 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Results: we detected 3.8 cases/10,000 inhabitants for hepatitis B and syphilis, and 1.3 cases/10,000 inhabitants for hepatitis C; no HIV cases were detected; in the multivariate analysis we found higher prevalence rates of condom non-use among the group of individuals who were married, had common law partners or were widowed (PR=1.20 - 95%CI 1.06;1.36). Conclusion: individuals in a stable relationship formed the group with the highest prevalence rate of condom non-use; new syphilis and viral hepatitis cases were detected using rapid tests during the survey.

Resumen Objetivo: investigar el perfil sociodemográfico asociado al no uso del preservativo en las relaciones sexuales y describir la prevalencia de infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) en comunidades rurales de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brasil, entre 2014 y 2016. Métodos: se recolectaron datos en entrevista individual y se realizaron pruebas rápidas; las asociaciones fueron analizadas por la regresión de Poisson, con intervalo de confianza de 95% (IC95%). Resultados: se detectaron 3,8 casos/10 mil habitantes de hepatitis B y sífilis, y 1,3/10 mil habitantes de hepatitis C; no se detectaron casos de VIH; el análisis multivariado mostró mayor prevalencia de no uso del preservativo para personas casadas /en unión estable/viudos (RP=1,20 - IC95% 1,06;1,36). Conclusión: se detectaron nuevos casos de sífilis y hepatitis virales por las pruebas rápidas en esta investigación; el grupo de mayor riesgo de no usar preservativo fue de personas casadas/con relación fija.