Caffeine (CAF) and nicotine (NIC) are emerging contaminants and are among the most consumed substances in the world, making it crucial to monitor these contaminants. In this work, an alternative electrolyte, 2-hydroxyethylammonium acetate (2HEAA) was used for the development of an electroanalytical method for determination and quantification of CAF and NIC, simultaneously, using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The system with the 2HEAA electrolyte was characterized by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and the DPV parameters were optimized for the best conditions. The method was validated from a calibration curve obtained which showed limit of detection (LOD) of 0.82 and 6.26 μmol L 1 and limit of quantification (LOQ) of 2.73 and 20.8 μmol L-1 for CAF and NIC, respectively. In the precision analyses, values lower than 10% of relative standard deviation were obtained. In the presence of concomitant inorganic and organic species, the system proved to be selective in the determination of analytes. The method was used to determine the analytes in fortified samples (river water, synthetic urine and commercial milk), obtaining recoveries between 87.25 and 111.40%. The 2HEAA demonstrated high efficiency as an alternative electrolyte with good signal-to-noise ratio, increased analytical sensitivity of the method, in addition to presenting low cost and fast electrolyte preparation. (CAF NIC (NIC world work 2hydroxyethylammonium hydroxyethylammonium 2 HEAA (2HEAA simultaneously DPV. . (DPV) spectroscopy conditions LOD (LOD 082 0 82 0.8 626 6 26 6.2 LOQ (LOQ 273 73 2.7 208 20 8 20. L1 L- respectively analyses 10 species river water milk, milk , milk) 8725 87 25 87.2 11140 111 40 111.40% signaltonoise signal noise ratio preparation (DPV 08 0. 62 6. 27 7 2. 872 87. 1114 11 4 111.40 111.4 111.

Chemometrics is gaining more and more space in universities and industry. To contribute to the development and expansion of principal component analysis (PCA) teaching proposals, this work evaluated the answers of the students to a questionnaire and presented a didactic-pedagogical proposal that can contribute to solving the principal doubts achieved by students in the PCA interpretation. Based on data collected in a semi-open questionnaire, the proposal was developed based on methodological principles of historical-critical pedagogy, containing the objectives, the problems surrounding the topic, and the cultural instruments necessary for understanding and interpreting PCA in the discipline of chemometrics by using new resources and instruments, especially free software, Chemostat. This proposal covers topics related to the concept of chemometrics and PCA, the explanation of the data set, pre-processing, use of Chemostat software, and analysis of principal components. It is hoped that this proposal can promote a better understanding concerning PCA on the part of students, as well as effective incorporation of the phenomena that involve this tool and its applications, and interpretation. Likewise, it is expected that this didactic-pedagogical proposal can support new teaching practices in chemometrics subjects in higher education. industry (PCA proposals didacticpedagogical didactic pedagogical interpretation semiopen semi open historicalcritical historical critical pedagogy objectives topic software set preprocessing, preprocessing pre processing, processing pre-processing components applications Likewise education

Acetic acid bacteria (AAB) are versatile organisms that catalyze the conversion of a wide range of carbon sources into biomolecules of great industrial interest. In this study, we exploited the ability of Gluconobacter spp. to synthesize levans. Among the isolated strains, Gluconobacter cerinus UELBM11 produced approximately 14.0 g L−1 of levan under non-optimized conditions. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses confirmed that levan obtained from G. cerinus UELBM11 consisted of a β-(2→6)-D-fructose backbone with some β-(2→1) ramifications. The average molecular weight (Mw) of the purified levan was 8.78 × 105 Da. Thermogravimetric/differential thermogravimetric (TGA/DTG) analysis indicated high thermal stability, with the maximum decomposition rate observed at 227.44 °C. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a microporous morphology, and the antioxidant activity assays demonstrated that levan had a high scavenging capacity of 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and hydroxyl radicals. Therefore, it has been demonstrated the levan produced by G. cerinus UELBM11 is a promising natural antioxidant and, owing to its microporosity and excellent thermal properties and stability, is a potential candidate as an additive in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and food products. AAB (AAB interest study spp levans strains UELBM UELBM1 140 14 0 14. L1 L 1 L− nonoptimized non optimized conditions chromatographymass chromatography mass GCMS, GCMS GC MS , (GC-MS) FTIR, FTIR (FTIR) NMR (NMR G β2→6Dfructose β26Dfructose βDfructose β 2→6 D fructose 2 6 β2→1 β21 2→1 β-(2→1 ramifications Mw (Mw 878 8 78 8.7 10 Da Thermogravimetricdifferential Thermogravimetric differential TGA/DTG TGADTG TGA DTG (TGA/DTG stability 22744 227 44 227.4 C °C SEM (SEM morphology 2,2azinobis 22azinobis azinobis 2,2 azino bis 3ethylbenzothiazoline6sulfonic ethylbenzothiazolinesulfonic 3 ethylbenzothiazoline sulfonic ABTS (ABTS radicals Therefore cosmetics pharmaceuticals products (GC-MS (FTIR β2 6Dfructose Dfructose 26 2→ β2→ 21 β-(2→ 87 7 8. 2274 22 4 227. 2azinobis 2, β-(2 β-( β-

Resumo Objetivo Analisar as evidências de validade de conteúdo de um website sobre prevenção combinada do HIV pela população geral. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo de validação de conteúdo educativo de um website sobre prevenção combinada do HIV por 24 participantes da população em geral, que avaliaram o conteúdo, a linguagem verbal, a estrutura de navegação, a atratividade e a inovação tecnológica, bem como os indicadores de usabilidade. Realizou-se uma websurvey, com coleta de dados virtual e aplicação de questionários tipo likert para fins de consenso. A análise foi estruturada em medidas descritivas, bem como pelo Índice de Validade de Conteúdo com ponto de corte estimado em 0,80. Resultados O website apresentou índice de concordância global de 0,98. Os atributos avaliados mostraram-se válidos quanto ao conteúdo (0,97), linguagem verbal utilizada (0,98) e estrutura de navegação (0,97), indicando pertinência e organização lógica das informações, bem como elevado potencial para o aprendizado, para ampliação do acesso aos serviços assistenciais e para difusão das estratégias de prevenção combinada do HIV. Ainda, o website apresentou indicador de concordância satisfatório nos aspectos atratividade (0,98), usabilidade (0,83) e inovação (0,98). Conclusão As evidências de validade website PREVINAIDST pela população geral demonstrou sustentação científica, tecnológica e operacional para informar e promover a prevenção combinada da infecção pelo HIV e permitiu avaliar a pertinência dos conteúdos e adequação da linguagem, além de promover um processo participativo na construção do conteúdo baseado nas necessidades reais da população. Tratase Trata se 2 Realizouse Realizou websurvey consenso descritivas 080 0 80 0,80 098 98 0,98 mostraramse mostraram 0,97, 097 0,97 , 97 (0,97) (0,98 informações aprendizado Ainda 0,98, 0,83 083 83 (0,83 . científica 08 8 0,8 09 9 0,9 (0,97 (0,9 (0,8 0, (0, (0 (

Abstract Objective To analyze the evidence of content validity of a website on combined HIV prevention for the general population. Methods This is a validation study of the educational content of a website on combined HIV prevention by 24 participants from the general population, who evaluated the content, verbal language, navigation structure, attractiveness and technological innovation, as well as usability indicators. A web survey was carried out, with virtual data collection and application of Likert-type questionnaires for consensus purposes. The analysis was structured into descriptive measures, as well as the Content Validity Index with a cutoff point estimated at 0.80. Results The website presented an overall agreement index of 0.98. The evaluated attributes proved to be valid in terms of content (0.97), verbal language used (0.98) and navigation structure (0.97), indicating relevance and logical organization of information, as well as high potential for learning, to expand access to care services and disseminate combined HIV prevention strategies. Furthermore, the website presented a satisfactory agreement indicator in the aspects of attractiveness (0.98), usability (0.83) and innovation (0.98). Conclusion The evidence of validity of the PREVINAIDST website by the general population demonstrated scientific, technological and operational support to inform and promote the combined prevention of HIV infection and allowed the assessment of the relevance of the content and adequacy of the language, in addition to promoting a participatory process in the construction of the content based on real needs of the population. 2 indicators out Likerttype Likert type purposes measures 080 0 80 0.80 098 98 0.98 0.97, 097 0.97 , 97 (0.97) (0.98 information learning strategies Furthermore 0.98, 0.83 083 83 (0.83 . scientific 08 8 0.8 09 9 0.9 (0.97 (0.9 (0.8 0. (0. (0 (

Resumen Objetivo Analizar las evidencias de validez de contenido de un sitio web sobre prevención combinada de VIH por parte de la población general. Métodos Se trata de un estudio de validación de contenido educativo de un sitio web sobre prevención combinada de VIH por parte de 24 participantes de la población general, que evaluaron el contenido, el lenguaje verbal, la estructura de navegación, la atractividad y la innovación tecnológica, así como también los indicadores de usabilidad. Se realizó una websurvey, con recopilación de datos virtual y aplicación de cuestionarios tipo likert para fines de consenso. El análisis fue estructurado en medidas descriptivas y por el Índice de Validez de Contenido con punto de corte estimado de 0,80. Resultados El sitio web presentó un índice de concordancia global de 0,98. Los atributos evaluados demostraron ser válidos respecto al contenido (0,97), lenguaje verbal utilizado (0,98) y estructura de navegación (0,97), lo que indica pertinencia y organización lógica de la información, así como un elevado potencial para el aprendizaje, la ampliación del acceso de los servicios asistenciales y la difusión de las estrategias de prevención combinada de VIH. Además, el sitio web presentó un indicador de concordancia satisfactorio en el aspecto de atractividad (0,98), usabilidad (0,83) e innovación (0,98). Conclusión Las evidencias de validez del sitio web PREVINAIDST por parte de la población general demostró sustento científico, tecnológico y operativo para informar y promover la prevención combinada de la infección por VIH y permitió evaluar la pertinencia de los contenidos y la adecuación del lenguaje, además de promover un proceso participativo en la elaboración del contenido basado en las necesidades reales de la población. 2 tecnológica websurvey consenso 080 0 80 0,80 098 98 0,98 0,97, 097 0,97 , 97 (0,97) (0,98 información aprendizaje Además 0,98, 0,83 083 83 (0,83 . científico 08 8 0,8 09 9 0,9 (0,97 (0,9 (0,8 0, (0, (0 (

ABSTRACT Introduction: Burnout results from chronic exposure to work-related stress and it is characterized by a reduction in professional efficacy, feelings of lack of energy/exhaustion, and negativity related to work activities. It has a higher incidence in professions with significant interpersonal contact and among caregivers, making doctors a vulnerable population. The Maslach Burnout Inventory questionnaire is considered the gold standard for measuring this disease. In 2014, quinquennial prevention was described, aiming to prevent harm to patients through strategies that reduce Burnout in doctors. Clinical Case: The case describes a 29-year-old woman, a physician in her final year of Residency in General and Family Medicine, who sought an urgent consultation due to feelings of physical and mental exhaustion, hopelessness, irritability, initial and middle insomnia, for the last three months, and hyperphagia, two months ago. She has requested a sick leave from work because “I can't stand working anymore. I need to sleep for a week”. She identified excessive workload at the Clinic, stemming from the demands of her medical residency, as the main cause. She feels unsupported by her colleagues and Training Supervisor and feels pressured to manage the medical agenda without adequate preparation. She reports occasional errors in prescriptions, leading her to feel the need to repeatedly review records and decisions she has made. She denies any appointment with her designated Work physician ever since she started her internship. Upon physical examination, she appeared slaughtered, with a depressed mood, tearful, restless, and with fleeting eye contact. Applying the Maslach Burnout Inventory: Section A- 34 points- high level; Section B- 28 points- high level; Section C- 25 points- high level. A work leave from work was issued, laboratory studies were requested, and fluoxetine 20 mg and trazodone 50 mg were initiated, along with psychotherapy. So far, the patient has been re-evaluated in three consultations, with organic causes ruled out, and in the last re-evaluation, her scores were: Section A- 20 points- moderate level; Section B- 5 points- low level; Section C- 39 points- moderate level. She reports a decrease in medical errors. She maintained the prescribed medication and psychotherapy. She declined to join a Balint group. A new re-evaluation was scheduled in six months. Discussion/Conclusion: This is a case of a General and Family Medicine Resident Physician, diagnosed with Burnout, who has managed to substantially improve her quality of life and job satisfaction, as well as her personal life, following the implementation of both pharmacological and non-pharmacological measures, along with workplace adjustments and the setting of boundaries. She has successfully reduced her perception of making medical errors, thereby improving the quality of healthcare provided to the patients. The long journey of recovery from Burnout makes the monitoring of this illness imperative not only by the patients Family Doctor and Psychologist, but also by the Occupational physician, targeting the improvement of the quality of life of the healthcare professionals in their occupational activity. This clinical case’s purpose is to address and raise awareness among professionals to the prevention of Burnout, particularly in Residents, promoting quinquennial prevention. It is important to note that only professionals who are fulfilled in their biopsychosocial sphere can provide quality care and significantly reduce medical errors.

RESUMO Introdução: O Burnout resulta da exposição crónica ao stress laboral e caracteriza-se por redução da eficácia a nível profissional, sentimentos de falta de energia/exaustão e negatividade relacionados com a atividade laboral. Tem maior incidência em profissões de elevado contacto com pessoas e em prestadores de cuidados, tornando os médicos uma população vulnerável. O questionário Maslach Burnout Inventory é considerado gold standard para a medição desta patologia. Em 2014 foi descrita a prevenção quinquenária, que pretende evitar o dano para o paciente, atuando no médico através de estratégias que visem a diminuição do Burnout. Caso Clínico: Descreve-se uma mulher de 29 anos, médica, no último ano da especialização em Medicina Geral e Familiar, que recorreu a consulta aberta por sensação de exaustão física e mental, sentimentos de desesperança, irritabilidade, insónia inicial e intermédia, com três meses de evolução e hiperfagia há dois meses. Solicitou certificado de incapacidade temporária para o trabalho, porque “já não aguento mais trabalhar. Preciso de dormir uma semana”. Aponta como principal etiologia o trabalho excessivo no Centro de Saúde, decorrente da exigência do internato médico. Sente-se pouco apoiada pelos colegas de equipa e orientador de formação e considera-se pressionada a gerir a agenda médica sem ter preparação para tal. Relata erros pontuais na prescrição médica, pelo que sente necessidade de rever várias vezes os registos efetuados e as atitudes tomadas. Nega ter sido convocada para qualquer consulta de Medicina do Trabalho desde que ingressou na especialidade. Ao exame objetivo, apresentava-se cabisbaixa, com humor deprimido, chorosa, inquieta e com contacto ocular fugaz. Aplicando o questionário atrás mencionado: Secção A - 34 pontos - nível elevado; Secção B - 28 pontos - nível elevado; Secção C - 25 pontos - nível elevado. Foi emitido o certificado de incapacidade temporária para o trabalho, solicitado estudo analítico e iniciada fluoxetina 20mg e trazodona 50mg, bem como psicoterapia. Até à data, a doente foi reavaliada em três consultas, foi excluída patologia orgânica e na última reavaliação apresentava os seguintes valores: Secção A- 20 pontos- nível moderado; Secção B- 5 pontos- nível baixo; Secção C- 39 pontos- nível moderado. Refere diminuição dos erros médicos. Manteve a medicação instituída, bem como a psicoterapia. Recusou o grupo Balint. Foi programada nova reavaliação em seis meses. Discussão/Conclusão: Trata-se de uma doente, Médica Interna em Medicina Geral e Familiar com o diagnóstico de Burnout, que conseguiu melhorar substancialmente a sua qualidade de vida e satisfação no trabalho e vida pessoal, após a implementação de medidas farmacológicas e não farmacológicas e também após alterações a nível laboral e imposição de limites. Conseguiu diminuir a perceção de erro médico, melhorando assim os cuidados de saúde prestados aos utentes. O longo percurso de recuperação desta doença torna fulcral o acompanhamento destes utentes pela equipa de Medicina do Trabalho, e não só pelo Médico de Família e Psicólogo, visando melhorar a qualidade de vida e saúde dos profissionais no âmbito da sua atividade laboral. Com este caso clínico pretende-se abordar e sensibilizar os profissionais para a prevenção do Burnout, em particular nos médicos internos, fomentando a prevenção quinquenária. De ressalvar que apenas profissionais realizados na sua esfera biopsicossocial conseguem proporcionar cuidados de qualidade e reduzir de forma importante o erro médico.

Resumo Os materiais frios possuem maiores valores de refletância solar e menores, apesar de elevados, de emitância térmica comparados aos revestimentos convencionais, desta forma, aquecem menos suas superfícies. Assim, o objetivo foi identificar os elementos químicos presentes nas superfícies frias que influenciam na refletância solar e emitância térmica. Para isso, foram medidas a refletância espectral e a emitância térmica com métodos e equipamentos normatizados pelo Cool Roof Rating Council (CRRC) de 23 revestimentos frios elastoméricos do mercado brasileiro e analisada a composição química das superfícies com EDS (detector de energia dispersiva de raios-x) acoplado ao microscópio eletrônico de varredura por emissão de campo (SEM-FEG). A presença do elemento químico metálico (titânio) em maiores quantidades nas superfícies não foi determinante para menores valores de emitância térmica. As superfícies dos materiais com menor quantidade de carbono e maior em oxigênio possuem maior refletância no infravermelho próximo e solar. Portanto, superfícies com acabamento superficial fosco têm maiores valores de refletância solar por causa da maior proporção de pigmentos em relação à resina do que as de acabamento brilhante, que erroneamente são associadas com maior refletância por causa do alto brilho superficial. elevados convencionais forma Assim isso CRRC (CRRC 2 detector raiosx raios x raios-x SEMFEG. SEMFEG SEM FEG . (SEM-FEG) titânio (titânio Portanto brilhante (SEM-FEG

Abstract Cool materials have higher values of solar reflectance and lower values of thermal emittance, although still high when compared to conventional coatings, thus, their surfaces are less heated. In this regard, the goal was to identify the chemical elements present on cool surfaces that influence solar reflectance and thermal emittance. To this end, the spectral reflectance and the thermal emittance were measured with methods and equipment standardized by the Cool Roof Rating Council (CRRC) of 23 elastomeric cool coatings commercialized in the Brazilian market, and the chemical composition of the surfaces with EDS (Energy-dispersive X-ray detector) coupled to the field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) was analyzed. The presence of the metallic chemical element (titanium) in greater quantities on the surfaces was not decisive for lower thermal emittance values. The surfaces of materials with lower carbon and higher oxygen content have higher near infrared and solar reflectance. Therefore, surfaces with a matte finish have higher solar reflectance values because of the higher ratio of pigments in relation to resin than those with a glossy finish, which are mistakenly associated with higher reflectance due to its high surface gloss. thus heated regard end CRRC (CRRC 2 market Energydispersive Energy dispersive Xray X ray detector FESEM FE SEM (FE-SEM analyzed titanium (titanium Therefore gloss

ABSTRACT. Using geotechnologies has become fundamental for planning the sustainable expansion of agricultural activities, especially fish farming. The objective of this work was to map and carry out the morphological characterization of the hydrographic micro-basins and their physical aspects, such as slope, altimetry, and land use and occupation, and also to quantify and locate the existing excavated ponds in the municipality of Pato Bragado, in Paraná State. Geotechnology tools and images generated by the free software QGIS and Google Earth were used to create maps of the excavated ponds' physical aspects, quantification, classification, and location. The predominant slope in the municipality is gently undulating, and soy plantation uses 42.99% of the municipality's entire area. The mapping located 190 excavated ponds. Depth measurement was not carried out, but rather mapping concerning water depths representing a total area of 47.86 ha of water blade and nine micro-basins within the municipality of Pato Bragado, with only the Arroio Fundo micro-basin covering 47.37% of all existing excavated ponds. The morphometric indicators concluded that the micro-basins present a minimum risk of flooding, which is ideal for use in fish farming. Making the results of this work available to public managers and fish farmers aims to demonstrate the importance of using geotechnologies for sustainable planning to expand aquaculture activities, which, in this case, are focused on fish farming.

Abstract Introduction: Organizational management models influence supervisory activity in nursing. Collaborative practice between students and health professionals in the provision of person- and family-centred care allows them to evolve in the process of autonomy and knowledge transfer. However, this does not guarantee the acquisition of supervisory practices and inter-organisational interaction between the hospital and the academy, which are necessary for carrying out safe and qualified clinical procedures. However, this does not guarantee efficient acquisition of supervisory practices and inter-organizational interaction between hospital and academia, which are necessary to provide safe and effective clinical procedures. Objectives: The aim is to understand the possible dimensions of inter-organisational collaborative practice (academic and hospital), identifying its possible processes and results capable of guaranteeing the safety and quality of clinical procedures. Methods: This study emerges from a first mixed research intervention with N=50 nurse supervisors, non-randomized, using the snowball technique. We will, nevertheless, focus on its qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive approach, using the Focus Group technique in which seven nurse supervisors took part. By using Bardin's assumptions, we conducted the content analysis of the participants' speech. Results: The content analysis allowed us to recognise the Processes of Inter-Collaborative Supervision in Nursing as the main dimension of analysis. The results identify, on the one hand, potential threats, highlighted by the time dedicated to supervision and access to information in the hospital context and, on the other hand, opportunities for articulation, highlighted by the importance of involving the various actors in each context, both in planning training programmes and in using supervisory strategies. Conclusion: This study explores the collaborative processes of nursing supervision between academia and hospitals, highlighting common elements of care and education. It reveals the influence of both bureaucratic and anarchic models in shaping these relationships. The findings underscore the importance of inter-organizational coordination, which plays a critical role in effective health promotion practices.

A gravidez na adolescência é um problema significativo de saúde pública no Brasil, contribuindo para altas taxas de morbimortalidade entre mulheres jovens. Durante a gestação, muitas adolescentes abandonam a escola e o trabalho, o que resulta em menor qualificação e maior vulnerabilidade ao mercado de trabalho informal. Além disso, as adolescentes grávidas enfrentam riscos elevados de complicações gestacionais e desafios emocionais, como ansiedade e depressão. A pandemia exacerbou essas vulnerabilidades, especialmente em relação ao abuso doméstico, devido ao isolamento social. Este estudo justifica-se pela necessidade de compreender o perfil demográfico e as características das parturientes adolescentes no Ceará entre 2020 e 2022, oferecendo subsídios para políticas públicas que visem melhorar a qualidade de vida dessas jovens e de seus filhos. Todos os dados foram analisados utilizando R. Durante o período analisado, foram registrados 331.924 nascimentos vivos no Ceará, dos quais 21.667 (6,53%) eram de mães com idade igual ou inferior a 17 anos. A idade média das mães adolescentes foi de 15,93 ± 1,11 anos, enquanto a média para as mães adultas foi de 28,00 ± 6,21 anos, evidenciando uma diferença estatisticamente significativa (Teste-t de Student, P < 0,05). A análise também revelou uma diferença significativa entre a idade dos pais de crianças nascidas de mães adolescentes (22,25 ± 5,72 anos) em comparação à idade dos pais de crianças nascidas de mães adultas (32,45 ± 7,81 anos) (Figura 3, Teste-T, P < 0,05). No que se refere à etnia, adolescentes indígenas representaram 9,95% dos casos de gravidez, seguidas pelas adolescentes pardas (7,26%) e pretas (5,9%). A menor proporção foi observada entre adolescentes brancas (4,43%). Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos indígenas, pardas, pretas e a população amarela. Quanto ao estado civil, 71% das adolescentes se declararam solteiras. A análise educacional demonstrou uma tendência significativa de gravidez entre adolescentes com Ensino Fundamental II incompleto, completo, ou Ensino Médio incompleto, indicando que essas jovens ainda estavam em fase de conclusão desses ciclos escolares. Não foi observada uma relação significativa entre a redução da idade materna e a diminuição do escore APGAR em recém-nascidos (APGAR = 0,014 × “IDADE DA MÃE” + 8,5; P < 0,05, R² = 0,0004). Além disso, não houve diferença significativa na proporção de anomalias congênitas entre os nascimentos de mães adolescentes e adultas.

El embarazo en la adolescencia es un problema significativo de salud pública en Brasil, que contribuye a altas tasas de morbimortalidad entre las mujeres jóvenes. Durante el embarazo, muchas adolescentes abandonan la escuela y el trabajo, lo que resulta en menor calificación y mayor vulnerabilidad en el mercado laboral informal. Además, las adolescentes embarazadas enfrentan mayores riesgos de complicaciones gestacionales y desafíos emocionales, como ansiedad y depresión. La pandemia exacerbó estas vulnerabilidades, especialmente en relación con el abuso doméstico, debido al aislamiento social. Este estudio se justifica por la necesidad de comprender el perfil demográfico y las características de las madres adolescentes en Ceará entre 2020 y 2022, ofreciendo apoyo para políticas públicas que busquen mejorar la calidad de vida de estas jóvenes y sus hijos. Todos los datos fueron analizados utilizando R. Durante el período analizado, se registraron 331.924 nacimientos vivos en Ceará, de los cuales 21.667 (6,53%) eran de madres de 17 años o menos. La edad promedio de las madres adolescentes fue de 15,93 ± 1,11 años, mientras que la media para las madres adultas fue de 28,00 ± 6,21 años, evidenciando una diferencia estadísticamente significativa (Prueba t de Student, P < 0,05). El análisis también reveló una diferencia significativa entre la edad de los padres de niños nacidos de madres adolescentes (22,25 ± 5,72 años) en comparación con la edad de los padres de niños nacidos de madres adultas (32,45 ± 7,81 años) (Prueba de Wilcoxon, P < 0,05). En cuanto a la etnia, las adolescentes indígenas representaron el 9,95% de los casos de embarazo, seguidas por las adolescentes mestizas (7,26%) y negras (5,9%). La menor proporción se observó entre las adolescentes blancas (4,43%). No hubo diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre los grupos indígenas, mestizas, negras y la población amarilla. En cuanto al estado civil, el 71% de las adolescentes se declararon solteras. El análisis educativo demostró una tendencia significativa de embarazo entre adolescentes con secundaria incompleta o completa, o educación media incompleta, lo que indica que estas jóvenes aún estaban en proceso de completar estos niveles educativos. No se observó una relación significativa entre la disminución de la edad materna y la reducción de la puntuación APGAR en los recién nacidos (APGAR = 0,014 × "EDAD DE LA MADRE" + 8,5; P < 0,05, R² = 0,0004). Además, no hubo diferencia significativa en la proporción de anomalías congénitas entre los nacimientos de madres adolescentes y adultas.

Adolescent pregnancy is a significant public health issue in Brazil, contributing to high morbidity and mortality rates among young women. During pregnancy, many adolescents drop out of school and work, leading to lower qualifications and increased vulnerability to the informal labor market. Moreover, pregnant adolescents face higher risks of gestational complications and emotional challenges, such as anxiety and depression. The pandemic exacerbated these vulnerabilities, particularly concerning domestic abuse, due to social isolation. This study is justified by the need to understand the demographic profile and characteristics of adolescent mothers in Ceará between 2020 and 2022, providing support for public policies aimed at improving the quality of life for these young women and their children. All data were analyzed using R. During the analyzed period, 331,924 live births were recorded in Ceará, of which 21,667 (6.53%) were from mothers aged 17 years or younger. The average age of adolescent mothers was 15.93 ± 1.11 years, while the average for adult mothers was 28.00 ± 6.21 years, showing a statistically significant difference (Student's t-test, P < 0.05). The analysis also revealed a significant difference between the age of fathers of children born to adolescent mothers (22.25 ± 5.72 years) compared to the age of fathers of children born to adult mothers (32.45 ± 7.81 years) (Wicoxon test, P < 0.05). Regarding ethnicity, indigenous adolescents accounted for 9.95% of pregnancy cases, followed by brown (7.26%) and black (5.9%) adolescents. The lowest proportion was observed among white adolescents (4.43%). There was no statistically significant difference among indigenous, mixed-race, black, and yellow populations. Concerning marital status, 71% of adolescents declared themselves single. Educational analysis showed a significant trend of pregnancy among adolescents with incomplete or complete middle school or incomplete high school education, indicating that these young women were still in the process of completing these educational levels. There was no significant relationship between decreasing maternal age and a reduction in newborns' APGAR scores (APGAR = 0.014 × "MOTHER'S AGE" + 8.5; P < 0.05, R² = 0.0004). Additionally, there was no significant difference in the proportion of congenital anomalies between births of adolescent and adult mothers.

Abstract Introduction The lama-bordo systems (LBS) are built in natural watercourses and favor retention of sediment and runoff moisture for the development of agricultural activity. Objective To obtain a model for predicting the volume of soil permanently captured by LBS, based on the morphometric and hydrological characteristics of the micro-watersheds where they have prevailed in the Mixteca Alta of Oaxaca, Mexico Materials and methods The study was carried out in 27 sites where morphometric parameters and hydrological indexes were determined to obtain the volume prediction model by multiple linear regression (backward elimination technique). Results and discussion The systems studied were found in micro-watersheds under conditions that favor sediment transport: elongated shape, areas smaller than 2 km2 with 1st and 2nd order streams, at altitudes above 2 000 m and slopes greater than 10 %. Twelve morphometric parameters and three hydrological indexes characterize these micro-watersheds and explain the physical conditions that allow their establishment, but only four (micro-watershed area, average slope of the mainstream, topographic wetness index and sediment transport index) explain the cumulative sediment volume (R2 = 0.85, P < 0.001). Conclusions The model evaluated for volume estimation is reliable for application at sites under similar conditions.

Resumen Introducción Los sistemas lama-bordo (SLB) se construyen en cauces naturales y favorecen la retención de sedimentos y humedad del escurrimiento para el desarrollo de la actividad agrícola. Objetivo Obtener un modelo de predicción de volumen de suelo captado por los SLB en forma permanente, a partir de las características morfométricas e hidrológicas de las microcuencas donde estos han prevalecido en la Mixteca Alta de Oaxaca, México. Materiales y métodos El estudio se hizo en 27 sitios donde se determinaron parámetros morfométricos e índices hidrológicos que permitieron obtener el modelo de predicción de volumen mediante regresión lineal múltiple tipo backward stepwise. Resultados y discusión Los sistemas estudiados se encontraron en microcuencas bajo condiciones que favorecen el transporte de sedimentos: forma alargada, áreas menores de 2 km2 con corrientes de 1° y 2° orden, en altitudes superiores a los 2 000 m y pendientes mayores de 10 %. Doce parámetros morfométricos y tres índices hidrológicos caracterizan dichas microcuencas y explican las condiciones físicas que permiten su establecimiento, pero solo cuatro (área de la microcuenca, pendiente media de la corriente principal, índice topográfico de humedad e índice de transporte de sedimentos) explican el volumen de sedimento acumulado (R2 = 0.85, P < 0.001). Conclusiones El modelo evaluado para la estimación de volumen es confiable para su aplicación en sitios bajo condiciones similares.

Resumen Este estudio tiene como objetivo indicar el potencial de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en los informes epidemiológicos de dientes cariados, perdidos y restaurados. Como prueba de concepto, nuestro modelo de estudio utilizó imágenes panorámicas de rayos X y un algoritmo de inteligencia artificial para la numeración de dientes, la detección de caries y las restauraciones con una precisión superior al 80 % para dichas tareas de diagnóstico. El resultado fue el número de dientes cariados, perdidos y restaurados según la edad del paciente y el índice CPOD (número de dientes cariados, perdidos y obturados) que varió de 3,6 (hasta 20 años) a 20,4 (+60 años). Por tanto, se sugiere que la IA es un método prometedor para automatizar la recopilación de datos de salud mediante el análisis de rayos X.

Abstract This study aims to indicate the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in epidemiological reports of decayed, missed and restored teeth. As a proof of concept our study model used panoramic x-ray images and an AI algorithm for tooth numbering, detection of the caries and restorations with accuracy over 80% for such diagnostic tasks. The output came as the number of decayed, missed and restored teeth according to patient's age and the DMFT index (number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth) which varied from 3.6 (up to 20 years old) to 20.4 (+60 years old). Thus, it is suggested that AI is a promising method to automate health data collection through the analysis of x-rays.

Resumo O tumor desmóide é uma neoplasia mesenquimatosa rara de etiologia desconhecida. Apesar de raros, temos assistido a um aumento do número de diagnósticos, ao longo dos últimos anos, de tumores desmóides que se desenvolvem após cirurgia bariátrica. Descrevemos o caso de um homem de 26 anos com queixas de dor abdominal e enfartamento pós-prandial, diagnosticado com uma massa intra-abdominal centrada no mesentério (40 × 21 × 11.7 cm), localmente avançada, 3 anos após ter realizado gastrectomia vertical. Foi efetuada biópsia percutânea, cujo resultado foi sugestivo de tumor mesenquimatoso e o paciente foi referenciado para cirurgia. O doente foi submetido a cirurgia e o tumor foi passível de ressecção cirúrgica R0, apesar de contacto íntimo e vascularização comum com uma ansa jejunal. O exame anatomopatológico revelou células fusiformes a estreladas com atipia ligeira e vasos de parede fina, bem como expressão difusa de beta-catenina (na ausência de expressão de DOG-1, CD117, CD34, S100, desmina e alfa-actina), sendo compatível com o diagnóstico de um tumor desmóide. O doente permanece assintomático e sem evidência de recidiva ao longo de 4 anos de vigilância. Com o aumento do número de cirurgias bariátricas devido ao aumento alarmante da incidência de obesidade e condições relacionadas, espera-se que os diagnósticos de tumores desmóides aumentem nos próximos anos. Assim, tanto gastroenterologistas quanto cirurgiões devem estar alerta para o desenvolvimento desta entidade, de forma a oferecer um diagnóstico e tratamento adequado e atempado.

Abstract Desmoid tumor is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm of un-known etiology. Despite rare, the diagnosis of desmoid tumors after bariatric surgery is increased over the last few years. We report a case of a 26-year-old male with complains of abdominal pain and postprandial fullness, diagnosed with a locally advanced large intra-abdominal mass (40 × 21 × 11.7 cm) centered in the mesentery, developed 3 years after sleeve gastrectomy. Percutaneous biopsy was suggestive of a mesenquimatous tumor and the patient underwent surgery. R0 surgical resection was achieved, despite intimal contact and common vascularization with a jejunal loop. Histopathology examination of the surgical specimen revealed fusiform to stellate cells with mild atypia, thin-walled vessels, and diffuse beta-catenin expression (negative for DOG-1, CD117, CD34, S100, desmin, and alpha-actin). The diagnosis of a desmoid tumor was made. The patient remained asymptomatic, and no recurrence occurred over a 4-year follow-up. With the increasing number of bariatric surgeries, owing to the alarming growing incidence of obesity and related conditions, it is expected that desmoid tumors reports will gradually increase over the next few years. Thus, both gastroenterologists and surgeons should be aware of the potential for desmoid tumor development shortly after surgery, to offer a prompt diagnosis and treatment.

RESUMEN Las cardiopatías congénitas son las malformaciones congénitas más frecuentes a nivel mundial y representan una de las principales causas de muerte neonatal, además de requerir el uso importante de recursos humanos y financieros para los sistemas de salud. El presente documento tiene como finalidad respaldar la implementación del tamizaje neonatal de cardiopatías congénitas críticas usando la oximetría de pulso de acuerdo a las diferentes altitudes geográficas en el Perú. Esta tecnología es ampliamente usada a nivel mundial, tiene moderada sensibilidad, pero excelente especificidad y costo-efectividad. En muchas latitudes ha llevado a una mejor sobrevivencia en este grupo de pacientes, así como en la población neonatal en general, ya que su uso detecta tempranamente sepsis, neumonías y otros problemas que afectan la oxigenación del neonato. El tamizaje neonatal de cardiopatías congénitas críticas es aplicable en todos los niveles de atención de salud a nivel nacional y su implementación urgente a nivel nacional es una prioridad para mejorar la salud neonatal.

ABSTRACT Congenital heart diseases are the most common congenital malformations worldwide and represent one of the leading causes of neonatal death, in addition to the significant use of human and financial resources by health systems. The purpose of this document is to support the implementation of neonatal screening for critical congenital heart diseases using pulse oximetry according to the different geographical altitudes of Peru. This technology is widely used worldwide and has high sensitivity, specificity, and cost-effectiveness. At many latitudes, it has led to better survival in this group of patients and in the neonatal population in general since its use in the early detection of sepsis, pneumonia, and other conditions that affect the oxygenation of the newborn. Neonatal screening for critical congenital heart disease is applicable at all levels of healthcare at a national level, and its implementation must be a priority to improve neonatal health.