Objective: To determine the prevalence of coronary risk factors in recreational soccer players and compare the coronary risk according to age. Methods: 201 men who practiced soccer recreationally eere evaluated, with a mean age of 25.26 ± 5.96 years. All individuals answered the questionnaire RISKO, which is a questionnaire containing eight risk factors. The coronary risk is represented by the sum of the scores obtained in the eight risk factors. Statistical analysis consisted of descriptive exploration and one way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey, to compare coronary risk between age groups. We adopted a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The mean coronary risk was 18.22 ± 3.49 points (12-�29 points), classified as medium risk. Regarding age groups the mean coronary risk obtained was: 16.58 ± 3.11 points for individuals between 18 and 20 years; 18.21 ± 3.08 points for those between 21 and 30 years, 20.58 ± 3.89 points for subjects between 31 and 40 years, and 21.00 ± 4.53 for those aged over 40 years. For each risk factor, the prevalence observed in descending order, was: overweight (44.78%), physical inactivity (38.31%), hypercholesterolemia (24.38%), smoking (17.41%), inheritance (12.94%) and hypertension (8.46%). Conclusion: The coronary risk factors more prevalent in recreational soccer players were overweight, physical inactivity and hypercholesterolemia, showing increased with increasing age, especially after 31 years.

Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência dos fatores de risco coronariano em praticantes de futebol recreacional e comparar o risco coronariano de acordo com a faixa etária. Métodos: Avaliaram-�se 201 homens que praticavam futebol recreacionalmente, com idade média de 25.3 ± 6.0 anos. Todos responderam ao questionário RISKO, que é um questionário contendo 8 fatores de risco, sendo o risco coronariano representado pela soma dos escores obtidos nos 8 fatores de risco. O tratamento estatístico constou da exploração descritiva e da ANOVA oneway, com post hoc Tuckey, para comparação entre as faixas etárias. Adotou-�se um nível de significância de p < 0.05. Resultados: O escore médio de risco coronariano encontrado foi de 18.22 ± 3.49 pontos (12-�29 pontos), classificado como risco médio. Em relação às faixas etárias o risco coronariano médio obtido foi de: 16.58 ± 3.11 pontos para os indivíduos entre 18-�20 anos; 18.21 ± 3.08 pontos para aqueles entre 21-�30 anos; 20.58 ± 3.89 pontos para os sujeitos entre 31-�40 anos; e 21.00 ± 4.53 para aqueles com idade superior a 40 anos. Em relação a cada fator de risco isoladamente, as prevalências observadas, em ordem decrescente, foram: excesso de peso (44.78%), sedentarismo (38.31%), hipercolesterolemia (24.38%), tabagismo (17.41%), hereditariedade (12.94%) e hipertensão (8.46%). Conclusão: Os fatores de risco coronariano mais prevalentes nos praticantes de futebol recreacional foram o excesso de peso, o sedentarismo e a hipercolesterolemia, apresentando classificação de risco médio e crescimento com o aumento da idade, sobretudo após os 31 anos.

Objetivo: Investigar la prevalencia de factores de riesgo coronario en jugadores recreacionales de fútbol y comparar el riesgo coronario según grupo de edad. Métodos: Se evaluaron 201 hombres que practicaban fútbol de forma recreativa, con edad media de 25.3 ± 6.0 años. Todos respondieron el cuestionario RISKO, que contiene 8 factores de riesgo y representándose el riesgo coronario por la suma de las puntuaciones obtenidas en los 8 factores. El análisis estadístico incluyó descripción de los datos y ANOVA one way, con post hoc Tukey, para comparaciones entre grupos de edad, con nivel de significación de p < 0.05. Resultados: Se encontró una media de puntuación de riesgo coronario de 18.22 ± 3.49 puntos (12-�29 puntos), que se clasifica como riesgo medio. En cuanto a grupos de edad el riesgo coronario reportado fue de 16.58 ± 3.11 puntos para los individuos del grupo 18-�20 años, 18.21 ± 3.08 puntos para 21-�30 años, 20.58 ± 3.89 puntos para 31-� 40 años, y 21.00 ± 4.53 para los mayores de 40 años. Para cada factor de riesgo, la prevalencia observada, en orden descendente, fue: sobrepeso (44.78%), inactividad física (38.31%), hipercolesterolemia (24.38%), tabaquismo (17.41%), herencia (12.94%) e hipertensión (8.46%). Conclusión: Los factores de riesgo coronario de mayor prevalencia en los jugadores recreacionales de fútbol fueron la inactividad física, el sobrepeso y la hipercolesterolemia, con una clasificación de riesgo medio y con aumento del riesgo con la edad, especialmente después de 31 años.

RESUMO O uso de adubos verdes e/ou de plantas de cobertura é uma técnica que vem sendo difundida para o cultivo de espécies medicinais, por garantir a sustentabilidade do solo agrícola, ser flexível em seu uso e por melhorar a atividade biológica do solo. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o uso de culturas de cobertura para incrementar a produção de massa de plantas de vinagreira, pimenta rosa e carobinha. Foram avaliadas duas espécies de leguminosas tropicais (mucuna preta e feijão de porco) como cobertura do solo e uma testemunha (sem cultura de cobertura) e três espécies medicinais (vinagreira, pimenta rosa e carobinha). O experimento foi arranjado em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, tendo nas parcelas as coberturas vegetais e nas subparcelas, as plantas medicinais. As plantas para a cobertura vegetal foram propagadas por semeadura direta no local de cultivo, enquanto as medicinais foram transplantadas diretamente entre a palhada da cobertura vegetal. A produção da mucuna preta foi de 8,37 t ha-1 de massa seca e do feijão de porco, de 14,37 t ha-1 de massa seca. O uso das culturas de cobertura contribuiu para uma maior biomassa microbiana do solo. As produções de massas frescas de folhas, caules e frutos de vinagreira e de frutos da pimenta rosa foram maiores quando cultivadas em sucessão às coberturas vegetais do solo, independente da espécie. As produções da carobinha foram semelhantes quando cultivadas em áreas com ou sem a cobertura. Visando à maior produtividade da vinagreira e pimenta rosa, são indicadas as culturas antecessoras feijão de porco e mucuna preta.

ABSTRACT The use of green manure and/or cover crops is a technique that has been widespread for the cultivation of medicinal species, since it ensures the sustainability of agricultural soil, is flexible in its use, and improves biological activity in the soil. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of cover crops to increase biomass production of roselle, Brazilian peppertree, and carobinha plants. Two species of tropical legumes (black velvet bean and jack bean) were evaluated as ground covers, and also assessed were one control plot (without cover crops) and three medicinal species (roselle, Brazilian peppertree, and carobinha). The experiment was arranged in a split-plot design, where the plots had cover crops and the subplots contained the medicinal plants. The plants for the cover crop were propagated by direct sowing in the growing site, while the medicinal ones were transplanted directly between the cover crop. The dry mass production of the velvet beans and jack beans were 8.37 t ha-1 and 14.37 t, respectively. The use of cover crops contributed to the increased microbial biomass of the soil. The production of dry mass of leaves, stems, and fruits of roselle and fruits of Brazilian peppertree were higher when grown in succession to the crop cover for the soil, regardless of the species. The production of carobinha was similar when grown in areas with or without the cover. To increase the yield of roselle and Brazilian peppertree, preceding crops of jack bean and black velvet bean are recommended.

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate whether glucocorticoid receptor gene polymorphisms are associated with clinical and metabolic profiles in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Polycystic ovary syndrome is a complex endocrine disease that affects 5-8% of women and may be associated with metabolic syndrome, which is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Cortisol action and dysregulation account for metabolic syndrome development in the general population. As glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1) polymorphisms regulate cortisol sensitivity, we hypothesized that variants of this gene may be involved in the adverse metabolic profiles of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. METHOD: Clinical, metabolic and hormonal profiles were evaluated in 97 patients with polycystic ovary syndrome who were diagnosed according to the Rotterdam criteria. The alleles of the glucocorticoid gene were genotyped. Association analyses were performed using the appropriate statistical tests. RESULTS: Obesity and metabolic syndrome were observed in 42.3% and 26.8% of patients, respectively. Body mass index was positively correlated with blood pressure, triglyceride, LDL-c, total cholesterol, glucose and insulin levels as well as HOMA-IR values and inversely correlated with HDL-c and SHBG levels. The BclI and A3669G variants were found in 24.7% and 13.4% of alleles, respectively. BclI carriers presented a lower frequency of insulin resistance compared with wild-type subjects. CONCLUSION: The BclI variant is associated with a lower frequency of insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Glucocorticoid gene polymorphism screening during treatment of the syndrome may be useful for identifying subgroups of at-risk patients who would benefit the most from personalized treatment.