RESUMEN: El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar y analizar la eficacia clínica de diferentes abordajes de clavo intramedular con tornillos de bloqueo para las fracturas de tibia proximal. Se incluyeron en el estudio 100 casos de fracturas de tibia proximal tratados en el departamento de ortopedia desde abril de 2021 hasta septiembre de 2023 y se dividieron en grupos de control y de tratamiento mediante una tabla de números aleatorios. Un grupo control (n=50) tratado con clavo intramedular infrapatelar con tornillos de bloqueo, y un grupo tratamiento (n=50) tratado con clavo intramedular suprapatelar con tornillos de bloqueo. Observamos excelentes y buenas tasas en ambos grupos, comparamos varios indicadores perioperatorios, cambios en el rango de movimiento articular (ROM), puntuaciones de dolor en la escala visual analógica (EVA), puntuaciones de función Lysholm de la articulación de la rodilla , cambios en factores inflamatorios y varios marcadores óseos, antes y después del tratamiento, y se analizaron las complicaciones postoperatorias. No hubo diferencias significativas en los datos iniciales como edad, sexo, índice de masa corporal, sitio de fractura, fracturas de fíbula concomitantes, tiempo desde la fractura hasta la cirugía, mecanismo de lesión y clasificación de fractura AO/OTA entre los dos grupos (P>0,05). La tasa de excelente y buena en el grupo con tratamiento después del tratamiento fue del 90,00 % (45/50), significativamente mayor que el 72,00 % (36/50) en el grupo control (P<0,05). No hubo diferencias significativas en la pérdida de sangre intraoperatoria y el tiempo de curación de las fracturas entre los dos grupos (P>0,05). Sin embargo, el grupo con tratamiento tuvo tiempos quirúrgicos más cortos y menos tiempos de fluoroscopía que el grupo control (P <0,05). Después del tratamiento, ambos grupos mostraron un aumento de las puntuaciones de ROM y Lysholm, así como una disminución de las puntuaciones de VAS. Además, en comparación con el grupo control, el grupo con tratamiento tuvo puntuaciones ROM y Lysholm más altas y puntuaciones EVA más bajas (P <0,05). Los factores inflamatorios que incluyen interleucina-1β (IL-1β), proteína C reactiva (CRP), factor de necrosis tumoral-α (TNF-α), osteocalcina (BGP) y calcitonina (CT) aumentaron en ambos grupos después del tratamiento, mientras que el total disminuyó el propéptido n-terminal del procolágeno tipo I (Total-PINP) y el telopéptido β-C-terminal del colágeno tipo I (β-CTX). En comparación con el grupo control, el grupo con tratamiento mostró mayores aumentos en los factores inflamatorios y niveles más bajos de Total-PINP y β-CTX, pero niveles más altos de BGP y CT (P <0,05). La incidencia de complicaciones postoperatorias fue del 8 % (4/50) en el grupo de tratamiento y del 24 % (12/50) en el grupo control, con diferencias estadísticamente significativas (P=4,762, X2=0,029). En el tratamiento de las fracturas de tibia proximal, el clavo intramedular con tornillos de bloqueo mediante el abordaje suprapatelar logra una eficacia clínica significativa. Reduce el tiempo quirúrgico, minimiza la exposición a la radiación de los trabajadores de la salud y los pacientes, mejora el rango de movimiento y la función de la articulación de la rodilla, disminuye el dolor postoperatorio y las tasas de complicaciones, suprime las reacciones inflamatorias y promueve la mejora de los marcadores óseos relacionados con la curación de las fracturas.

SUMMARY: The objective of this study was to compare and analyze the clinical efficacy of different approaches of intramedullary nailing with blocking screws for proximal tibial fractures. One hundred cases of proximal tibial fractures treated in the orthopedic department from April 2021 to September 2023 were included in the study and divided into control and treatment groups using a random number table. A control group (n=50) treated with infrapatellar intramedullary nailing with blocking screws, and a treatment group (n=50) treated with suprapatellar intramedullary nailing with blocking screws. We observed the excellent and good rates in both groups, compared various perioperative indicators, changes in joint range of motion (ROM), Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores, Lysholm knee joint function scores, changes in inflammatory factors, and various bone markers before and after treatment, and analyzed postoperative complications. There were no significant differences in baseline data such as age, sex, body mass index, fracture site, concomitant fibular fractures, time from fracture to surgery, injury mechanism, and AO/OTA fracture classification between the two groups (P>0.05). The excellent and good rate in the treatment group after treatment was 90.00 % (45/50), significantly higher than 72.00 % (36/50) in the control group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in intraoperative blood loss and fracture healing time between the two groups (P>0.05). However, the treatment group had shorter surgical times and fewer fluoroscopy times than the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, both groups showed increased ROM and Lysholm scores, as well as decreased VAS scores. Moreover, compared to the control group, the treatment group had higher ROM and Lysholm scores and lower VAS scores (P<0.05). Inflammatory factors including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), osteocalcin (BGP), and calcitonin (CT) increased in both groups after treatment, while total n- terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (Total-PINP) and b-C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (β-CTX) decreased. Compared to the control group, the treatment group exhibited greater increases in inflammatory factors and lower levels of Total-PINP and β-CTX, but higher BGP and CT levels (P<0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications was 8.00 % (4/50) in the treatment group and 24.00 % (12/50) in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P=4.762, X2=0.029). In the treatment of proximal tibial fractures, intramedullary nailing with blocking screws using the suprapatellar approach achieves significant clinical efficacy. It reduces surgical time, minimizes radiation exposure to healthcare workers and patients, improves knee joint range of motion and function, decreases postoperative pain and complication rates, suppresses inflammatory reactions, and promotes the improvement of bone markers related to fracture healing.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent joint disorder characterized by progressive degeneration of articular cartilage, subchondral bone remodeling, osteophyte formation, synovial inflammation, and meniscal damage. Although the etiology of OA is multifactorial, pro-inflammatory processes appear to play a key role in disease pathogenesis. Previous studies indicate that electroacupuncture (EA) exerts chondroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects in preclinical models of OA, but the mechanisms underlying these potential therapeutic benefits remain incompletely defined. This study aimed to investigate the effects of EA on OA development in a rat model, as well as to explore associated molecular mechanisms modulated by EA treatment. Forty rats were divided into OA, EA, antagomiR-214, and control groups. Following intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate to induce OA, EA and antagomiR-214 groups received daily EA stimulation at acupoints around the knee joint for 21 days. Functional pain behaviors and chondrocyte apoptosis were assessed as outcome measures. The expression of microRNA-214 (miR-214) and its downstream targets involved in apoptosis and nociception, BAX and TRPV4, were examined. Results demonstrated that EA treatment upregulated miR-214 expression in OA knee cartilage. By suppressing pro-apoptotic BAX and pro-nociceptive TRPV4, this EA-induced miR-214 upregulation ameliorated articular pain and prevented chondrocyte apoptosis. These findings suggested that miR-214 plays a key role mediating EA's therapeutic effects in OA pathophysiology, and represents a promising OA treatment target for modulation by acupuncture. (OA cartilage remodeling formation inflammation damage multifactorial proinflammatory pro inflammatory pathogenesis (EA chondroprotective antiinflammatory, antiinflammatory anti inflammatory, anti-inflammatory defined model antagomiR214, antagomiR214 antagomiR 214, 214 intraarticular intra antagomiR-21 2 days measures microRNA214 microRNA microRNA-21 miR214 miR (miR-214 nociception TRPV4 TRPV examined miR-21 proapoptotic apoptotic pronociceptive nociceptive EAinduced induced EAs s pathophysiology acupuncture antagomiR21 antagomiR-2 microRNA21 microRNA-2 miR21 (miR-21 miR-2 antagomiR2 antagomiR- microRNA2 microRNA- miR2 (miR-2 miR- (miR- (miR

Abstract Objective This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of serum microRNA-146a and pro-inflammatory factors in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia after azithromycin treatment. microRNA-146a is known to regulate inflammatory responses, and excessive inflammation is a primary characteristic of MPP. Methods Children with MPP received conventional symptomatic therapy along with intravenous administration of azithromycin for one week. Serum levels of microRNA-146a and pro-inflammatory factors were measured using RT-qPCR and ELISA kits, respectively. The correlation between microRNA-146a and pro-inflammatory factors was analyzed by the Pearson method. Pulmonary function indexes were assessed using a pulmonary function analyzer, and their correlation with microRNA-146a and pro-inflammatory factors after treatment was evaluated. Children with MPP were divided into effective and ineffective treatment groups, and the clinical significance of microRNA-146a and pro-inflammatory factors was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves and logistic multivariate regression analysis. Results Serum microRNA-146a was downregulated in children with MPP but upregulated after azithromycin treatment, contrasting with the trend observed for pro-inflammatory factors. MicroRNA-146a showed a negative correlation with pro-inflammatory cytokines. Pulmonary function parameters were initially reduced in children with MPP, but increased after treatment, showing positive/inverse associations with microRNA-146a and pro-inflammatory factors. Higher microRNA-146a and lower pro-inflammatory factors predicted better efficacy of azithromycin treatment. MicroRNA-146a, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and forced expiratory volume in the first second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) were identified as independent factors influencing treatment efficacy. Conclusion Azithromycin treatment in children with MPP upregulates microRNA-146a, downregulates pro-inflammatory factors, and effectively improves pulmonary function. microRNA146a microRNAa microRNA 146a proinflammatory pro responses week RTqPCR RT qPCR kits respectively method analyzer groups analysis MicroRNA146a MicroRNAa MicroRNA cytokines positiveinverse positive inverse MicroRNA146a, 146a, factoralpha factor alpha TNFα, TNFα TNF α , (TNF-α) interleukin6 interleukin 6 interleukin- IL6, IL6 IL (IL-6) interleukin8 8 IL8, IL8 (IL-8) secondforced second FEV1/FVC FEV1FVC FEVFVC FEV1 FVC FEV (FEV1/FVC microRNA146a, (TNF-α (IL-6 (IL-8 (IL- (IL

Regular exercise reduces the risk of malignancy and decreases the recurrence of cancer. However, the mechanisms behind this protection remain to be elucidated. Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes of the innate immune system, which play essential roles in immune defense and effectively prevent cancer metastasis. Physical exercise can increase the activity of NK cells. Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is the best-studied cytokine activator of NK cells, and it was shown to have many positive functional effects on NK cells to improve antitumor responses. The aim of this study was to clarify the possible important mechanisms behind endurance exercise-induced changes in NK cell function, which may be highly correlated with IL-15. An animal model was used to study IL-15 expression level, tumor volume, cancer cell apoptosis, and NK cell infiltration after treadmill exercise. Although IL-15 was highly expressed in skeletal muscle, treadmill exercise further elevated IL-15 levels in plasma and muscle (P<0.05). In addition, tumor weight and volume of tumor-bearing mice were decreased (P<0.05), and liver tumor cell apoptosis was increased after 12 weeks of treadmill exercise (P<0.05). NK cell infiltration was upregulated in tumors from treadmill exercise mice, and the level of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and IL-15 were higher than in sedentary mice (P<0.05). The study indicated that regular endurance training can reduce cancer risk, which was related to increased IL-15 expression, activation of the immune killing effect of NK cells, and promotion of tumor cell apoptosis, which can ultimately control tumor growth. However elucidated (NK system metastasis Interleukin15 Interleukin 15 Interleukin-1 IL15 IL (IL-15 beststudied best studied responses exerciseinduced induced function IL15. 15. IL-1 P<0.05. P005 P P<0.05 . 0 05 (P<0.05) addition tumorbearing bearing P<0.05, , 1 interferongamma interferon gamma IFNγ IFN γ (IFN-γ growth Interleukin1 Interleukin- IL1 (IL-1 IL- P00 P<0.0 (P<0.05 (IL- P0 P<0. (P<0.0 (IL P<0 (P<0. P< (P<0 (P< (P

RESUMEN Objetivos: Se estudiaron los efectos de la antigravedad en el hígado utilizando un modelo de ratón macho en prueba de suspensión de la cola (TS, tail suspension). Métodos: Se examinaron los efectos de la TS a las 0, 2 y 4 semanas (grupos CON, TS2 y TS4) sobre el contenido de glucógeno y lípidos, así como sobre los procesos moleculares de las vías de síntesis y degradación. Resultados: (1) El número de glucogenosomas ultraestructurales y el contenido de glucógeno fueron expresivamente más altos en el grupo TS4 que en los otros dos grupos. (2) En el grupo TS4, la actividad de la glucógeno sintasa se mantuvo constante, mientras que la actividad de la glucógeno fosforilasa disminuyó, lo que indica que la degradación del glucógeno se redujo. (3) Los hígados del grupo TS2 presentaron el mayor contenido de lípidos y triglicéridos, lo que indica la acumulación de lípidos en el hígado en ese momento. (4) En el grupo TS2, la actividad de los factores relacionados con la síntesis de ácidos grasos acetil-CoA carboxilasa y ácido graso sintasa aumentó, mientras que la lipasa hepática disminuyó, indicando que la síntesis de lípidos aumentó mientras que la descomposición disminuyó. (5) En el grupo TS2, la expresión proteica de los transportadores de glucosa 1 y 2 aumentó. Conclusiones: Desde la semana TS2 hasta la semana TS4, el principal modo de consumo de energía en el hígado de los ratones pasó del metabolismo de la glucosa al metabolismo de los lípidos a medida que disminuía el uso de la glucosa. Nivel de Evidencia II, Estudio retrospectivo comparativo. Objetivos TS, (TS suspension. suspension . suspension) Métodos 0 grupos CON Resultados (1 (2 constante disminuyó redujo 3 (3 triglicéridos momento (4 acetilCoA acetil CoA 5 (5 Conclusiones II comparativo (

ABSTRACT Objectives: The effects of weightlessness on the liver were studied using a tail suspension (TS) male mouse model. Methods: The effects of 0-, 2- and 4-week TS (CON, TS2 and TS4 groups) on glycogen and lipid content, as well as on the molecular processes of the synthesis and degradation pathways, were examined. Results: (1) The number of glycogenosomes under ultrastructure and the glycogen content were considerably larger in the TS4 group than in the other two groups. (2) In the TS4 group, glycogen synthase activity remained constant while glycogen phosphorylase activity dropped, indicating that glycogen breakdown was reduced. (3) The livers of the TS2 group had the highest lipid and triglyceride content, indicating lipid buildup in the liver at this time. (4) In the TS2 group, the activities of the fatty acid synthesis-related factors acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthase increased, while hepatic lipase decreased, indicating that lipid synthesis increased, while decomposition decreased. (5) In the TS2 group, the protein expression of glucose transporters 1 and 2 increased. Conclusions: From TS2 weeks to TS4 weeks, the main energy consumption mode in the livers of mice transitioned from glucose metabolism to lipid metabolism as glucose use decreased. Level of evidence II; Comparative prospective study. Objectives (TS model Methods 0, 0 , 0- 4week week 4 CON, CON (CON groups pathways examined Results (1 (2 dropped reduced 3 (3 time (4 synthesisrelated related acetylCoA acetyl CoA increased decreased 5 (5 Conclusions II study (

RESUMO Objetivos: Os efeitos da antigravidade no fígado foram estudados usando um modelo de camundongo macho com a suspensão pela cauda (TS, tail suspension). Métodos: Foram examinados os efeitos da TS em 0, 2 e 4 semanas (grupos CON, TS2 e TS4) sobre o conteúdo de glicogênio e lipídios, bem como nos processos moleculares das vias de síntese e degradação. Resultados: (1) O número de glicogenossomos ultraestruturais e o teor de glicogênio foram expressivamente maiores no grupo TS4 do que nos outros dois grupos. (2) No grupo TS4, a atividade de glicogênio sintase permaneceu constante, enquanto a atividade de glicogênio fosforilase caiu, indicando que a degradação do glicogênio foi reduzida. (3) Os fígados do grupo TS2 tiveram o maior teor lipídico e de triglicérides, indicando acúmulo de lipídios no fígado no momento. (4) No grupo TS2, a atividade dos fatores relacionados com a síntese de ácidos graxos acetil-CoA carboxilase e ácido graxo sintase aumentaram, enquanto a lipase hepática diminuiu, indicando que a síntese de lipídios aumentou, enquanto a decomposição diminuiu. (5) No grupo TS2, a expressão proteica dos transportadores de glicose 1 e 2 aumentou. Conclusões: De TS2 semanas para TS4 semanas, o principal modo de consumo de energia no fígado de camundongos passou do metabolismo da glicose para o metabolismo lipídico, à medida que o uso de glicose diminuiu. Nível de evidência II, Estudo retrospectivo comparativo. Objetivos TS, (TS suspension. suspension . suspension) Métodos 0 grupos CON Resultados (1 (2 constante caiu reduzida 3 (3 triglicérides momento (4 acetilCoA acetil CoA aumentaram diminuiu aumentou 5 (5 Conclusões II comparativo (

Abstract Background Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) induces increased release of extracellular vesicles in the heart and exacerbates myocardial IR injury. We have previously shown that propofol attenuates hypoxia/reoxygenation (HR)-induced injury in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and that microvesicles derived from propofol-treated HUVECs inhibit oxidative stress in endothelial cells. However, the role of microvesicles derived from propofol post-treated HUVECs ((HR + P)-EMVs) in IR-injured cardiomyocytes is unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of (HR + P)-EMVs in cardiac IR injury compared to microvesicles derived from hypoxic/reoxygenated HUVECs (HR-EMVs) and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Methods Hypoxia/reoxygenation (HR) models of HUVECs and AC16 cells and a mouse cardiac IR model were established. Microvesicles from HR-injured HUVECs, DMSO post-treated HUVECs and propofol post-treated HUVECs were extracted by ultra-high speed centrifugation, respectively. The above EMVs were co-cultured with HR-injured AC16 cells or injected intracardially into IR mice. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence were used to determine the levels of oxidative stress and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. Apoptosis related proteins were detected by Western blot. Echocardiography for cardiac function and Evans blue-TTC staining for myocardial infarct size. Expression of lncCCT4-2 in EMVs and AC16 cells was analysed by whole transcriptome sequencing of EMVs and RT-qPCR. The molecular mechanism of inhibition of myocardial injury by (HR + P)-EMVs was elucidated by lentiviral knockdown of lncCCT4-2, plasmid overexpression or knockdown of CCT4, and actinomycin D assay. Results In vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed that HR-EMVs exacerbated oxidative stress and apoptosis in IR-injured cardiomyocytes, leading to increased infarct size and worsened cardiac function. Notably, (HR + P)-EMVs induced significantly less oxidative stress and apoptosis in IR-injured cardiomyocytes compared to HR-EMVs. Mechanistically, RNA sequencing of EMVs and RT-qPCR showed that lncCCT4-2 was significantly upregulated in (HR + P)-EMVs and cardiomyocytes co-cultured with (HR + P)-EMVs. Reduction of lncCCT4-2 in (HR + P)-EMVs enhanced oxidative stress and apoptosis in IR-injured cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, the anti-apoptotic activity of lncCCT4-2 from (HR + P)-EMVs was achieved by increasing the stability of CCT4 mRNA and promoting the expression of CCT4 protein in cardiomyocytes. Conclusions Our study showed that (HR + P)-EMVs uptake by IR-injured cardiomyocytes upregulated lncCCT4-2 in cardiomyocytes and promoted CCT4 expression, thereby inhibiting HR-EMVs induced oxidative stress and apoptosis. Highlights Microvesicles from hypoxic/reoxygenated HUVECs (HR-EMVs) exacerbated oxidative stress and apoptosis in IR-injured cardiomyocytes. Microvesicles from propofol post-treated HUVECs ((HR + P)-EMVs) induced diminished oxidative stress and apoptosis in IR-injured cardiomyocytes compared with microvesicles from hypoxic/reoxygenated HUVECs (HR-EMVs). lncCCT4-2 was significantly highly expressed in (HR + P)-EMVs and cardiomyocytes co-cultured with (HR + P)-EMVs, and reduction of lncCCT4-2 in (HR + P)-EMVs enhanced oxidative stress and apoptosis in IR-injured cardiomyocytes. lncCCT4-2 inhibited HR-EMVs induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in HR-injured AC16 cells by increasing the stability of CCT4 mRNA and promoting the expression of CCT4 protein in AC16 cells.

RESUMO Introdução: A comunidade acadêmica tem demonstrado a ligação do desempenho em pistas e campo com os principais fatores de treinamento esportivo, incluindo a psicologia da competição. Em pesquisas recentes, foi verificado que o nível do desempenho atlético também está relacionado à altitude, ao clima, ao ambiente do local e ao cronograma da competição. Até o momento não existem estudos para proporcionar experiência teórica e prática de treinamento no ambiente regional de Ganzhou. Objetivo: Este artigo analisa a influência do treinamento em altitude sobre o desempenho dos profissionais de atletismo. Ao mesmo tempo, analisamos os indicadores fisiológicos e bioquímicos dos atletas. Métodos: Vários corredores de longa distância tiveram um treinamento de altitude de ٨ semanas. Analisamos os indicadores fisiológicos e bioquímicos dos atletas antes e depois do treinamento. Ao mesmo tempo, realiza análises matemáticas-estatísticas sobre o desempenho dos corredores de longa distância, antes e depois do treinamento. Resultados: Após o treinamento de altitude, a hemoglobina e os glóbulos vermelhos apresentaram diminuição significativa (P<0,01). Após o treinamento, o desempenho dos atletas melhorou consideravelmente (P<0,01). Conclusão: O treinamento em diferentes altitudes pode promover uma curva ascendente no desempenho dos atletas até seu platô, na quarta semana de treino. Nível de evidência II; Estudos Terapêuticos - Investigação de Resultados.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The academic community has demonstrated the link of athletic performance in track and field with critical factors of sports training, including the psychology of competition. Recently, research has been verified that athletic performance is also related to altitude, weather, ambiance, and the timing of the competition. There are no studies to provide theoretical and practical training experience in the regional environment of Ganzhou. Objective: This paper analyzes the influence of altitude training in professional performance athletes. Concurrently, analysis of the physiological and biochemical indicators of the athletes is performed. Methods: Several long-distance runners had an 8-week altitude training. Analyzed the physiological and biochemical indicators of the athletes before and after the training. At the same time, perform mathematical-statistical analysis on the performance of long-distance runners before and after training. Results: After altitude training, hemoglobin and red blood cells showed a significant decrease (P<0.01). After training, athletes’ performance improved considerably (P<0.01). Conclusion: Training at different altitudes may promote an ascending curve in the athletes’ performance until a plateau in the fourth week of training. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the result.

RESUMEN Introducción: La comunidad académica ha demostrado la relación del rendimiento deportivo en el atletismo con los principales factores del entrenamiento deportivo, incluida la psicología de la competición. En investigaciones recientes, se ha descubierto que el nivel de rendimiento deportivo también está relacionado con la altitud, el clima, el entorno del lugar y el horario de la competición. Hasta la fecha, no existen estudios que proporcionen una experiencia de formación teórica y práctica en el entorno regional de Ganzhou. Objetivo: Este trabajo analiza la influencia del entrenamiento en altitud en el rendimiento de los atletas profesionales de atletismo. Al mismo tiempo, analizamos los indicadores fisiológicos y bioquímicos de los atletas. Métodos: Varios corredores de larga distancia se sometieron a un entrenamiento en altitud de 8 semanas. Analizamos los indicadores fisiológicos y bioquímicos de los atletas antes y después del entrenamiento. Al mismo tiempo, realice un análisis matemático-estadístico sobre el rendimiento de los corredores de fondo antes y después del entrenamiento. Resultados: Tras el entrenamiento en altitud, la hemoglobina y los glóbulos rojos mostraron un descenso significativo (P<0,01). Tras el entrenamiento, el rendimiento de los atletas mejoró considerablemente (P<0,01). Conclusión: El entrenamiento en diferentes altitudes puede promover una curva ascendente en el rendimiento de los atletas hasta su meseta, en la cuarta semana de entrenamiento. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - Investigación de resultados.

RESUMO Introdução: A Quinta Conferência Internacional de Bioquímica Esportiva, define a fadiga esportiva como o processo fisiológico de disfunção em um determinado nível ou incapacidade de manter uma intensidade de exercício predeterminada. Quando não tratada, pode causar efeitos adversos ao sistema musculoesquelético. Há alternativas naturais para o controle da fadiga esportiva na cultura chinesa, mas pesquisas científicas são necessárias afim de descobrir a real efetividade desses tratamentos. Objetivo: Verificar o efeito do banho medicinal tradicional da medicina chinesa na fadiga muscular de atletas. Métodos: 100 atletas com fadiga muscular induzida por exercícios foram aleatoriamente divididos em dois grupos. O grupo controle recebeu injeção de gangliosideo combinada com protocolos de exercícios terapêuticos enquanto o grupo experimental recebeu o banho medicinal baseado na medicina tradicional chinesa. Foi avaliado o tônus de adutores, isquiotibiais, gastrocnêmios além da função motora dos membros inferiores. Resultados: A taxa efetiva total (90,8%) do grupo de observação foi superior à do grupo controle (72,3%) e a diferença foi estatisticamente significante (P<0,05). Após o tratamento, a tensão muscular adutores, jarrete e gastrocnêmio no grupo de observação foi menor que o grupo controle (P<0,05). O escore bruto de avaliação da função motora (GMFM-88), escore de escala de balanço de Berg (BBS), velocidade de caminhada de 10m em uma passarela de 20cm de largura (MWS) no grupo de observação foram maiores do que os do grupo controle (P<0,05). Conclusão: A loção de lavanda de ervas chinesas combinada com o exercício de suspensão pode melhorar efetivamente a força muscular do corpo após os exercícios, acelerar a recuperação da força muscular e reduzir significativamente a fadiga muscular induzida pelo exercício. Nível de evidência II; Estudos Terapêuticos - Investigação de Resultados.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The Fifth International Conference on Sports Biochemistry defines sports fatigue as the physiological process of dysfunction at a certain level or inability to maintain predetermined exercise intensity. When left untreated, it can cause adverse effects to the musculoskeletal system. Natural alternatives for controlling sports fatigue exist in Chinese culture, but scientific research is needed to determine the effectiveness of these treatments. Objective: This study aimed to verify the effect of traditional Chinese medicinal baths on athletes’ muscle fatigue. Methods: 100 athletes with exercise-induced muscle fatigue were randomly divided into two groups. The control group received ganglioside injection combined with therapeutic exercise protocols, while the experimental group received the medicinal bath based on traditional Chinese medicine. Tonus of adductors, ischiotibials, gastrocnemius, in addition to lower limb motor function, was evaluated. Results: The total effective rate (90.8%) of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (72.3%), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, adductor, hamstring, and gastrocnemius muscle tension in the observation group were lower than the control group (P<0.05). Gross motor function assessment score (GMFM-88), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), 10m walking speed on a 20cm wide walkway (MWS) in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Chinese herbal lavender lotion combined with suspension exercise can effectively improve the body's muscle strength after exercises, accelerate the recovery of muscle strength, and significantly reduce exercise-induced muscle fatigue. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the result.

RESUMEN Introducción: La Quinta Conferencia Internacional de Bioquímica del Deporte, define la fatiga deportiva como el proceso fisiológico de disfunción a un determinado nivel o incapacidad para mantener una intensidad de ejercicio predeterminada. Si no se trata, puede causar efectos adversos en el sistema musculoesquelético. Existen alternativas naturales para el control de la fatiga deportiva en la cultura china, pero se necesita una investigación científica para descubrir la eficacia real de estos tratamientos. Objetivo: Verificar el efecto del baño medicinal tradicional de la medicina china sobre la fatiga muscular de los atletas. Métodos: 100 atletas con fatiga muscular inducida por el ejercicio fueron divididos aleatoriamente en dos grupos. El grupo de control recibió una inyección de gangliósidos combinada con protocolos de ejercicio terapéutico, mientras que el grupo experimental recibió el baño medicinal basado en la medicina tradicional china. Se evaluó el tono de los aductores, los isquiotibiales y los gastrocnemios, además de la función motora de los miembros inferiores. Resultados: La tasa efectiva total (90,8%) del grupo de observación fue superior a la del grupo de control (72,3%) y la diferencia fue estadísticamente significativa (P<0,05). Tras el tratamiento, la tensión de los músculos aductores, jarretes y gastrocnemios en el grupo de observación fue inferior a la del grupo de control (P<0,05). La puntuación de la evaluación de la función motora gruesa (GMFM-88), la puntuación de la Escala de Equilibrio de Berg (BBS) y la velocidad de marcha de 10 m en una pasarela de 20 cm de ancho (MWS) en el grupo de observación fueron mayores que las del grupo de control (P<0,05). Conclusión: La loción de hierbas chinas de lavanda combinada con el ejercicio de suspensión puede mejorar eficazmente la fuerza muscular del cuerpo después de los ejercicios, acelerar la recuperación de la fuerza muscular y reducir significativamente la fatiga muscular inducida por el ejercicio. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - Investigación de resultados.

Abstract Serum uric acid (UA) is a traditional biomarker in the clinical diagnosis of gout and hyperuricemia. However, serum treatment and storage are cumbersome, and wounds are susceptible to infection. Therefore, in this study, a simple and noninvasive method was developed to detect the UA in human saliva to monitor the gout. An Inertsil ODS-3 column was used for the analysis under the condition of isocratic elution with the mixed solution phosphate buffer (74 mM, pH=2.2): Methanol=98:2 (v:v) and the UV detection at 284 nm. Using salivary UA data from healthy volunteers (HVs) (n=68) and gout patients (GPs) (n=14), we examined the salivary UA difference in their content. The intra-and inter-day accuracy and precision (RSD %) were less than 2.56%, the limit of detection (LOD) of UA was 5.0 ng/mL, the mean recoveries of the corresponding compounds were 102.48%. Saliva levels of UA in HVs and GPs were 35.26±14.06 µg/mL and 91.96±23.90 µg/mL, respectively. The concentrations of salivary UA in GPs were significantly higher than those in HVs ( p < 0.001). This method was also expected to monitor the hyperuricemia and other metabolic disorders in the future. (UA However cumbersome infection Therefore study ODS3 ODS 3 ODS- 74 (7 mM pH=2.2 pH22 pH 2 pH=2.2) Methanol=982 Methanol982 Methanol Methanol=98 98 Methanol=98: vv v (v:v 28 nm (HVs n=68 n68 n 68 (n=68 (GPs n=14, n14 n=14 , 14 (n=14) content intraand intra interday inter day RSD % 256 56 2.56% LOD (LOD 50 5 0 5. ngmL ng mL ng/mL 10248 102 48 102.48% 35261406 35 26 06 35.26±14.0 µgmL µg 91962390 91 96 23 90 91.96±23.9 respectively 0.001. 0001 0.001 . 001 0.001) future 7 pH=2. pH2 982 Methanol98 Methanol=9 9 n=6 n6 6 (n=6 n1 n=1 1 (n=14 25 2.56 1024 10 4 102.48 3526140 35.26±14. 9196239 91.96±23. 000 0.00 00 pH=2 Methanol9 Methanol= n= (n= (n=1 2.5 102.4 352614 35.26±14 919623 91.96±23 0.0 pH= (n 2. 102. 35261 35.26±1 91962 91.96±2 0. 3526 35.26± 9196 91.96± 352 35.26 919 91.96 35.2 91.9 35. 91.

T lymphocytes, cytokines, and macrophages play important roles in the clearance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) by the immune system. This study aimed to investigate the effects of isoniazid on the functions of both innate and adaptive immune cells. Healthy rats were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Each group was randomly divided into three subgroups and named according to the duration of drug feeding, 1, 3, and 3 months followed by drug withdrawal for 1 month. The experimental groups were fed with isoniazid (12 mg/mL) and the control groups with normal saline. The percentage of CD4+ and CD8+T lymphocytes, level of interleukin (IL)-12 and interferon (IFN)-γ, and function of macrophages were determined at these three time points. Isoniazid significantly increased the percentage of CD4+T lymphocytes and the CD4+/CD8+T lymphocyte cell ratio (P < 0.05). It transiently (<1 month) enhanced the functions of rat macrophages significantly (P < 0.05). In summary, isoniazid could increase the percentage of CD4+T lymphocytes, CD4+/CD8+T lymphocyte cell ratio, and enhance macrophage function in healthy rats.

OBJECTIVES: This pilot study investigated the safety and efficacy of a novel shunt surgery combined with foam sclerotherapy of varices in patients with prehepatic portal hypertension. METHODS: Twenty-seven patients who were diagnosed with prehepatic portal hypertension and underwent shunt surgeries were divided into three groups by surgery type: shunt surgery alone (Group A), shunt surgery and devascularization (Group B), and shunt surgery combined with foam sclerotherapy (Group C). Between-group differences in operation time, intraoperative blood loss, portal pressure decrease, postoperative complications, rebleeding rates, encephalopathy, mortality rates and remission of gastroesophageal varices were compared. RESULTS: Groups A, B and C had similar operation times, intraoperative bleeding, and portal pressure decrease. The remission rates of varices differed significantly (p<0.001): one patient in Group A and 6 patients in Group B had partial response, and all 9 patients in Group C had remission (2 complete, 7 partial). Two Group A patients and one Group B patient developed recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding postoperatively within 12 months. No postoperative recurrence or bleeding was observed in Group C, and no sclerotherapy-related complications were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Shunt surgery combined with foam sclerotherapy obliterates varices more effectively than shunt surgery alone does, decreasing the risk of postoperative rebleeding from residual gastroesophageal varices. This novel surgery is safe and effective with good short-term outcomes.

Abstract Celiac disease (CD) is one of the most common human intestinal malabsorption diseases. The only effective treatment for patients with CD is to follow a gluten-free (GF) diet strictly. Nowadays, the increasing incidence of CD promotes worldwide interests for various desirable GF products. However, baking without gluten, the key ingredient for bread structure and quality, is a big challenge for all bakers and cereal researchers. Several approaches have been applied to understand and improve gluten-free bread (GFB) elaboration and further studies are still required. The main focus of this review is to discuss the approaches for GFB improvements in recent 5 years, including the use of novel alternative flours, functional ingredients, processing aids, additives, innovative techniques, and their combinations.

The current study was designed to evaluate the activity of the aqueous extract of Huang-lian, and the main apoptosis pathway induced by the extracts of Huang-lian was detected on lung cancer. Antiproliferactive activity was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and TUNEL methods against human lung cancer cells (A549). Huang-lian regulated the Bcl-2 family protein-mediated mitochondrial pathway via p53 and was detected by western blot. It increased the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-3 cleavage increased as the time increased. These results suggested that Huang-lianregulated the Bcl-2 family protein-mediated mitochondrial via p53 pathway, suggesting that Huang-lian should be further investigation as a natural agent for treating and preventing cancer.

CONTEXTO: As complicações cardiovasculares são a principal causa de morte em pacientes com acromegalia, e a morte súbita tem sido associada a taquiarritmias ventriculares. Em outros pacientes com risco de vida por taquiarritmias ventriculares malignas, a aplicação cirúrgica de um cardioversor-desfibrilador implantável (CDI) provou ser altamente eficaz na redução das taxas de morte súbita. RELATO DE CASO: O presente artigo relata o caso de um paciente acromegálico de 50 anos de idade e do sexo masculino, que apresentava sintomas de síncope induzida por taquicardia ventricular. Foi implantado cirurgicamente nesse paciente um CDI e na mesma intervenção cirúrgica foi completamente removido um adenoma hipofisário responsável pela acromegalia. A cirurgia foi bem-sucedida e o paciente deixou de sofrer de arritmias ventriculares. Durante seis meses de acompanhamento, não se documentaram, nesse paciente, episódios arrítmicos. CONCLUSÃO: A taquiarritmia ventricular maligna pode ser efetivamente controlada em pacientes com acromegalia pela implantação de um CDI combinado com a remoção cirúrgica do adenoma hipofisário.

CONTEXT: In patients with acromegaly, cardiovascular complications are the main cause of death; sudden death has been associated with ventricular tachyarrhythmias. In other patients with life-threatening malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias, surgical placement of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) has proved highly effective in reducing sudden death rates. CASE REPORT: The present article reports the case of a 50-year-old male acromegalic patient who presented symptoms of syncope induced by ventricular tachycardia. An ICD was surgically implanted and a pituitary adenoma, which was responsible for the acromegaly, was completely removed in the same procedure. The surgery was successful and the ventricular arrhythmias were effectively terminated. During six months of follow-up, no documented arrhythmic episodes occurred. CONCLUSION: In patients with acromegaly, malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmia might be effectively controlled by implantation of an ICD and surgical removal of the pituitary adenoma.

Qili Powder, a preparation from Traditional Chinese Medicine, commonly used to treat injuries from falling or stumbling, pain caused by bruising, and traumatic hemorrhage. The aim of the present work was to investigate the application of the superfine pulverization on Qili Powder properties. The physicochemical and medicinal properties of fine Qili Powder with D90 particle size of 164.5 μm, and superfine Qili Powder with D90 particle size of 32.2 μm were investigated. The results showed that with decreasing particle size, the specific surface area and pore volume increased, the fluidity decreased, and the percentage of moisture absorption and the balanced moisture content decreased. Analysis HPLC, XRD and FTIR results indicated that superfine pulverization didn’t influence dracorhodin content, nor the molecular structure and crystal form of Qili Powder. The percentage of dissolution of dracorhodin was significantly improved after superfine pulverization. Pharmacokinetics results confirmed that superfine pulverization increases the absorption rate in rats and dracorhodin content of Qili Powder.