RESUMO: As flutuações do preço da carne suína estão intimamente relacionadas à economia nacional e à subsistência das pessoas. Com base na flutuação mensal do preço da carne suína na China de a janeiro de 2011 a agosto de 2022, este estudo usa os modelos da família ARCH para avaliar as características e as leis das flutuações do preço da carne suína na China. Nossos estudos mostraram que as flutuações do preço da carne suína apresentam agrupamento óbvio, e as informações de choque externo do mês anterior irão interferir no preço da carne suína no período seguinte. O preço de mercado da carne suína tem as características de “risco de recompensa”, e o “alto risco” do preço da carne suína. Observa-se uma tendência de alta, mostrando que as oscilações do preço da carne suína são caracterizadas por assimetria. Devido ao baixo limiar de entrada da indústria de suínos e à existência de “sinking cost”, as informações positivas sobre o mercado de suínos têm um impacto mais forte nas flutuações de preços do que as informações negativas. Recomenda-se melhorar o monitoramento do mercado de carne suína e o mecanismo de alerta precoce, esclarecer e identificar o limite de volatilidade do preço da carne suína e melhorar o sistema de seguro financeiro da indústria suína. RESUMO pessoas 201 2022 óbvio seguinte risco recompensa, recompensa , recompensa” alto Observase Observa se alta assimetria sinking cost, cost cost” negativas Recomendase Recomenda precoce 20 202 2

ABSTRACT: Pork price fluctuations are closely related to the national economy and people’s livelihoods in China. Based on the monthly pork price fluctuations in China from January 2011 to August 2022, this study uses ARCH family models to assess the characteristics and laws of these fluctuations in China. The pork price fluctuations show obvious clustering, with external shock information from the previous month affecting the pork price in the following period; the pork market price is characterized by risk compensation, with the high risk of pork supply driving the pork price up. In addition, the pork price fluctuations are characterized by asymmetry, with a greater impact of good than of bad news on the pork price. Due to the pork industry’ low entry threshold and the existence of sunk costs, positive information on the pork market has a stronger impact on price fluctuations than negative information. To guide pork supply, we recommend improving monitoring and early-warning mechanisms in the pork market to identify the pork price volatility threshold and measure the price volatility. In addition, price index insurance products should be constantly strengthened, with different types of insurance products being offered to meeting the insurance demand of various sectors in the pig meat supply chain. ABSTRACT peoples people s 201 2022 clustering period compensation up addition asymmetry industry costs earlywarning early warning strengthened chain 20 202 2

Abstract: The rising tide of China-chic provides a new presentation mode for the excellent traditional culture, allowing people to re-witness the innovative vitality of the local culture and providing a new path to creation for the rural folk culture. In this context, the design with the theme of rural folk culture confronts both new opportunities and challenges. In this paper, based on the case study of the rural folk design of the Overlord Temple in Hexian County of Anhui Province, the dialectical relationship and practice of inheritance and innovation in design work under the background of China-chic were briefly discussed. Innovative design strategies were put forward to reinvigorate people’s emphasis on traditional culture, rekindle people’s attention to traditional culture and expand the innovative design path of a traditional culture communication path to promote the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese traditional culture. Abstract Chinachic China chic rewitness re witness context challenges paper Province discussed peoples s

Resumen: La ola creciente de la China-chic proporciona un nuevo modo de presentación para la excelente cultura tradicional, permitiendo a la gente volver a ser testigo de la vitalidad innovadora de la cultura local y brindando una nueva vía de creación para la cultura popular rural. En este contexto, el diseño con el tema de la cultura popular rural se enfrenta tanto a nuevas oportunidades como a nuevos retos. En este artículo, basado en el estudio de caso del diseño folclórico rural del Templo señorial del condado de Hexian, en la provincia de Anhui, se analizan brevemente la relación dialéctica y la práctica de la herencia y la innovación en el trabajo de diseño bajo el trasfondo del China-chic. Se propusieron estrategias de diseño innovador para revitalizar el énfasis de la gente en la cultura tradicional, reavivar la atención de la gente hacia la cultura tradicional y ampliar la vía de diseño innovador de una vía de comunicación de la cultura tradicional para promover la transformación creativa y el desarrollo innovador de la cultura tradicional china. Resumen Chinachic China chic contexto retos artículo Hexian Anhui Chinachic. chic. china

This study aimed to analyze the safety and applicability of a 90-min duration of infusion (SDI) of obinutuzumab in patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in a tertiary hospital in China. This exploratory clinical trial was performed at Jiangsu Province Hospital. All patients were treated with the standard infusion regimen for the first infusion. If no grade ≥3 infusion-related reactions (IRRs) occurred, the subsequent infusions were given as SDI. The primary endpoint was the incidence of IRR during the standard infusion (3-4 h) and 90-min SDI regimens. This study enrolled 208 patients and all completed cycle 1. Forty-one patients (19.71%) had IRRs: five (2.40%) with grade 1, twenty-eight (13.46%) with grade 2, and eight (3.85%) with grade 3. The 41 patients had 71 IRRs, mainly fever (40.85%), chest pain/tightness (12.68%), and dyspnea (9.86%). The occurrence of IRRs in the first infusion was significantly lower in patients who received oral acetaminophen prophylaxis than those who did not (10.72% vs 30.21%, P<0.001). For the subsequent cycles with 90-min SDI, only two (0.25%) IRRs occurred among 814 infusions (one grade 1 hand numbness and one grade 2 chill/fever). The 90-min obinutuzumab SDI might be safe and feasible in patients with B-cell NHL in China. 90min min 90 (SDI Bcell B cell nonHodgkins non Hodgkin s (NHL China Hospital 3 ≥ infusionrelated related (IRRs 34 4 (3- h regimens 20 Fortyone Forty 19.71% 1971 19 (19.71% 2.40% 240 40 (2.40% twentyeight twenty 13.46% 1346 13 46 (13.46% 3.85% 385 85 (3.85% 7 40.85%, 4085 40.85% , (40.85%) paintightness pain tightness 12.68%, 1268 12.68% 12 68 (12.68%) 9.86%. 986 9.86% . 9 86 (9.86%) 10.72% 1072 10 72 (10.72 3021 30 21 30.21% P<0.001. P0001 P P<0.001 0 001 P<0.001) 0.25% 025 25 (0.25% 81 chill/fever. chillfever chill/fever chill chill/fever) (3 19.71 197 (19.71 2.40 24 (2.40 13.46 134 (13.46 3.85 38 8 (3.85 408 40.85 (40.85% 126 12.68 6 (12.68% 98 9.86 (9.86% 10.72 107 (10.7 302 30.21 P000 P<0.00 00 0.25 02 (0.25 ( 19.7 (19.7 2.4 (2.4 13.4 (13.4 3.8 (3.8 40.8 (40.85 12.6 (12.68 9.8 (9.86 10.7 (10. 30.2 P00 P<0.0 0.2 (0.2 19. (19. 2. (2. 13. (13. (3. 40. (40.8 12. (12.6 9. (9.8 10. (10 30. P0 P<0. 0. (0. (19 (2 (13 (40. (12. (9. (1 P<0 (0 (40 (12 (9 P< (4

The microstructure and damage evolution behavior of IN718 alloy prepared by selective laser melting (SLM, referred to as SLM IN718 alloy) under different heat treatment processes were studied using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction, microhardness tests, and other material tests, combined with digital image correlation. The heat treatment of the SLM IN718 alloy achieved different degrees of recrystallization and transformed the microstructure from dendritic crystals to bulk crystals with the precipitation of a large number of γ′ and γ′′ phases. As the heat-treatment temperature was increased, the δ phase of the SLM IN718 alloy was precipitated and then dissolved, the microhardness and strength of SLM IN718 alloy increased and then decreased, the elongation decreased and then increased, and toughness fracture was the main fracture mode. Therefore, heat treatment can be used to alter the relative proportions of recrystallized and substructured grains in the SLM IN718 alloy, thereby modulating its overall mechanical properties. After heat treatment, the damage factor entered the rapid damage stage earlier, and the critical damage factor increased as the critical plastic strain was increased. Further, the damage evolution equations of the SLM IN718 alloy under different heat treatment processes were established. IN IN71 SLM, (SLM microscopy diffraction tests correlation γ phases heattreatment dissolved mode Therefore properties earlier Further established IN7

Abstract Background: Acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a) plays a critical role in physiological and pathological processes. To further elucidate the biological functions of ASICs and their relationships with disease occurrence and development, it is advantageous to investigate and develop additional regulatory factors for ASICs. Methods: In this study, cation exchange chromatography was used to separate seven chromatographic components from Naja naja atra venom. Capillary electrophoresis was employed to detect that Ⅶ peak component containing a main protein Ⅶ-2, which could bind to ASIC1a. The analgesic effects of Ⅶ-2 protein were determined using hot plate methods, and ASIC1a expression in spinal cord tissue from rats with inflammatory pain was detected using western blot. Results: The purified Ⅶ-2 protein named Naja naja atra venom-Ⅶ-2 (NNAV-Ⅶ-2) was obtained by Sephadex G-50 gel filtration, which exhibited a single band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with a molecular weight of 6.7 kD. Remarkably, the NNAV-Ⅶ-2 protein demonstrated a significant analgesic effect and downregulated ASIC1a expression in the spinal cord tissue of rats with inflammatory pain. Conclusions: The analgesic mechanism of the NNAV-Ⅶ-2 protein may be associated with its binding to ASIC1a, consequently downregulating ASIC1a expression in neural tissues. Background Acidsensing Acid sensing ASICa ASIC (ASIC1a processes development Methods study venom Ⅶ2, Ⅶ2 2, 2 Ⅶ- methods blot Results venomⅦ2 venom-Ⅶ- NNAVⅦ2 NNAV (NNAV-Ⅶ-2 G50 G 50 G-5 filtration sulfatepolyacrylamide sulfate polyacrylamide 67 6 7 6. kD Remarkably NNAV-Ⅶ- Conclusions tissues venomⅦ venom-Ⅶ NNAVⅦ (NNAV-Ⅶ- G5 5 G- NNAV-Ⅶ venom- (NNAV-Ⅶ NNAV- (NNAV- (NNAV

Resumo Antecedentes O diagnóstico precoce da doença de Alzheimer (DA) e do comprometimento cognitivo leve (CCL) continua sendo um desafio significativo na neurologia, com métodos convencionais frequentemente limitados pela subjetividade e variabilidade na interpretação. A integração da aprendizagem profunda com a inteligência artificial (IA) na análise de imagens de ressonância magnética surge como uma abordagem transformadora, oferecendo o potencial para insights diagnósticos imparciais e altamente precisos. Objetivo Uma metanálise foi projetada para analisar a precisão diagnóstica do aprendizado profundo de imagens de ressonância magnética em modelos de DA e CCL. Métodos Uma metanálise foi realizada nos bancos de dados das bibliotecas PubMed, Embase e Cochrane seguindo as diretrizes Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), com foco na precisão diagnóstica do aprendizado profundo. Posteriormente, a qualidade metodológica foi avaliada por meio do checklist QUADAS-2. Medidas diagnósticas, incluindo sensibilidade, especificidade, razões de verossimilhança, razão de chances diagnósticas e área sob a curva característica de operação do receptor (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUROC]) foram analisadas, juntamente com análises de subgrupo para ressonância magnética ponderada em T1 e não ponderada em T1. Resultados Um total de 18 estudos elegíveis foram identificados. O coeficiente de correlação de Spearman foi de -0,6506. A metanálise mostrou que a sensibilidade e a especificidade combinadas, a razão de verossimilhança positiva, a razão de verossimilhança negativa e a razão de chances de diagnóstico foram 0,84, 0,86, 6,0, 0,19 e 32, respectivamente. A AUROC foi de 0,92. O ponto quiescente do resumo hierárquico da característica de operação do receptor (hierarchical summary of receiver operating characteristic [HSROC]) foi 3,463. Notavelmente, as imagens de 12 estudos foram adquiridas apenas por ressonância magnética ponderada em T1, e as dos outros 6 foram obtidas apenas por ressonância magnética não ponderada em T1. Conclusão Em geral, a aprendizagem profunda da ressonância magnética para o diagnóstico de DA e CCL mostrou boa sensibilidade e especificidade e contribuiu para melhorar a precisão diagnóstica. (DA (CCL neurologia interpretação IA (IA transformadora precisos PubMed MetaAnalyses Meta Analyses PRISMA, PRISMA , (PRISMA) Posteriormente QUADAS2. QUADAS2 QUADAS 2. 2 QUADAS-2 area [AUROC] analisadas T 1 identificados 0,6506. 06506 0 6506 -0,6506 combinadas positiva 084 84 0,84 086 86 0,86 60 6,0 019 19 0,1 32 respectivamente 092 92 0,92 hierarchical HSROC [HSROC] 3463 3 463 3,463 Notavelmente geral (PRISMA QUADAS- [AUROC 0,6506 0650 650 -0,650 08 8 0,8 6, 01 0, 09 9 0,9 [HSROC 346 46 3,46 0,650 065 65 -0,65 34 4 3,4 0,65 06 -0,6 3, 0,6 -0, -0 -

Abstract Background The early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remains a significant challenge in neurology, with conventional methods often limited by subjectivity and variability in interpretation. Integrating deep learning with artificial intelligence (AI) in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis emerges as a transformative approach, offering the potential for unbiased, highly accurate diagnostic insights. Objective A meta-analysis was designed to analyze the diagnostic accuracy of deep learning of MRI images on AD and MCI models. Methods A meta-analysis was performed across PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, focusing on the diagnostic accuracy of deep learning. Subsequently, methodological quality was assessed using the QUADAS-2 checklist. Diagnostic measures, including sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios, diagnostic odds ratio, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) were analyzed, alongside subgroup analyses for T1-weighted and non-T1-weighted MRI. Results A total of 18 eligible studies were identified. The Spearman correlation coefficient was -0.6506. Meta-analysis showed that the combined sensitivity and specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio were 0.84, 0.86, 6.0, 0.19, and 32, respectively. The AUROC was 0.92. The quiescent point of hierarchical summary of receiver operating characteristic (HSROC) was 3.463. Notably, the images of 12 studies were acquired by T1-weighted MRI alone, and those of the other 6 were gathered by non-T1-weighted MRI alone. Conclusion Overall, deep learning of MRI for the diagnosis of AD and MCI showed good sensitivity and specificity and contributed to improving diagnostic accuracy. Alzheimers Alzheimer s (AD (MCI neurology interpretation AI (AI (MRI approach unbiased insights metaanalysis meta models PubMed Embase MetaAnalyses Meta Analyses PRISMA (PRISMA guidelines Subsequently QUADAS2 QUADAS 2 QUADAS- checklist measures ratios (AUROC analyzed T1weighted Tweighted T1 weighted T nonT1weighted nonTweighted non 1 identified 0.6506. 06506 0 6506 -0.6506 Metaanalysis 084 84 0.84 086 86 0.86 60 6.0 019 19 0.19 32 respectively 092 92 0.92 HSROC (HSROC 3463 3 463 3.463 Notably alone Overall nonT 0.6506 0650 650 -0.650 08 8 0.8 6. 01 0.1 09 9 0.9 346 46 3.46 0.650 065 65 -0.65 0. 34 4 3.4 0.65 06 -0.6 3. 0.6 -0. -0 -

Jun N-terminal kinase pathway-associated phosphatase (JKAP) regulates CD4+ T-cell differentiation and immunity, which are linked to mental disorders. This study aimed to explore the relationships between JKAP and T helper 17 (Th17)/regulatory T (Treg) ratio, as well as their associations with anxiety and depression in postpartum women. Serum JKAP were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and blood Th17 and Treg cells were measured by flow cytometry in 250 postpartum women. Anxiety and depression were evaluated by the 6-item State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI6) and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Anxiety and depression rates were 22.0 and 28.4%, respectively, among postpartum women. Notably, JKAP was negatively associated with the STAI6 (P=0.002) and EPDS scores (P<0.001) in postpartum women and was lower in postpartum women with anxiety (P=0.023) or depression (P=0.002) than in those without. Moreover, JKAP was inversely related to Th17 cells and Th17/Treg ratio but positively correlated with Treg cells in postpartum women (all P<0.001). Interestingly, Th17 cells and Th17/Treg ratio were both positively associated with STAI6 and EPDS scores in postpartum women (all P<0.001). Furthermore, Th17 cells and Th17/Treg ratio were lower in postpartum women with anxiety or depression than in those without (all P<0.01). Nevertheless, Treg cells were not linked to anxiety or depression in postpartum women. JKAP was negatively associated with Th17 cells and Th17/Treg ratio; moreover, they all related to anxiety and depression in postpartum women, indicating that JKAP may be involved in postpartum anxiety and depression via interactions with Th17 cells. Nterminal N terminal pathwayassociated pathway (JKAP CD4 CD Tcell cell immunity disorders 1 Th17/regulatory Th17regulatory Thregulatory /regulatory regulatory Th (Treg enzymelinked enzyme Th1 25 6item item 6 StateTrait State Trait STAI (STAI6 EPDS. . (EPDS) 220 22 0 22. 284 28 4 28.4% respectively Notably P=0.002 P0002 P 002 (P=0.002 P<0.001 P0001 001 (P<0.001 P=0.023 P0023 023 (P=0.023 Moreover Th17Treg ThTreg P<0.001. P<0.001) Interestingly Furthermore P<0.01. P001 P<0.01 01 P<0.01) Nevertheless moreover 2 (STAI (EPDS 28.4 P=0.00 P000 00 (P=0.00 P<0.00 (P<0.00 P=0.02 P002 02 (P=0.02 P00 P<0.0 28. P=0.0 (P=0.0 (P<0.0 P0 P<0. P=0. (P=0. (P<0. P<0 P=0 (P=0 (P<0 P< P= (P= (P< (P

ABSTRACT To study the damage evolution behavior and damage constitutive model of selective-laser-melted (SLMed) Ti6Al4V alloy under different heat treatment temperatures, tensile tests were conducted. The effect of heat treatment temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of SLMed Ti6Al4V alloy is discussed. Elastic modulus was selected to characterize damage, and the damage evolution law of SLMed Ti6Al4V alloy was quantitatively analyzed, establishing the damage evolution equation. Based on the theory of continuous damage mechanics, the Ramberg-Osgood model was introduced to establish the damage constitutive model of SLMed Ti6Al4V alloy under different heat treatment temperatures. The results show that with increasing heat treatment temperature, the acicular α′ phase in the microstructure of SLMed Ti6Al4V alloy is gradually transformed into α + β phase, the α phase is gradually coarsened, the volume fraction of β phase gradually increased. The microhardness and tensile strength of the SLMed Ti6Al4V alloy decreased from 376.44 HV and 1171.5 MPa to 317.31 HV and 790.9 MPa, while elongation increased from 6.6% to 13.6% and then decreased to 11.1%. The critical strain in the as-deposited sample is 0.009, entering the rapid damage accumulation stage first, whereas heat-treated samples lag significantly. The error between model and experimental results is within 7%. selectivelasermelted selective laser melted (SLMed TiAlV Ti Al V temperatures conducted discussed analyzed equation mechanics RambergOsgood Ramberg Osgood coarsened 37644 376 44 376.4 11715 1171 5 1171. 31731 317 31 317.3 7909 790 9 790. 66 6 6.6 136 13 13.6 111 11 1 11.1% asdeposited as deposited 0009 0 009 0.009 first heattreated treated significantly 7 7% 3764 37 4 376. 117 3173 3 317. 79 6. 13. 11.1 000 00 0.00 11. 0.0 0.

Resumen: Este ensayo examina la interacción entre la ley, la tecnología y la cultura en la distribución y el consumo de películas censuradas en China. Comienza analizando las leyes y regulaciones relevantes en la industria y explorando las diversas formas en que el cine clandestino evade las restricciones gubernamentales. Destaca el uso de nuevas tecnologías y medios alternativos por parte de cineastas independientes como estrategia para publicar sus obras censuradas. Durante la pandemia, el director Jiang Nengjie difundió su documental Miners, Groom, and Pneumoconiosis (2019) a través de enlaces privados en servicios de almacenamiento en la nube, lo que generó una gran repercusión en la red y le valió el apodo de “director de la nube”. La transmisión a través de aplicaciones de videoconferencia también ha creado nuevas oportunidades para que las películas independientes prosperen en China. El surgimiento del cine clandestino en la red ha creado un movimiento social en curso, brindando a las películas independientes la oportunidad de prosperar fuera de los medios tradicionales

Resumo: Este ensaio examina a interação entre a lei, a tecnologia e a cultura na distribuição e consumo de filmes censurados na China. Começa com uma análise das leis e regulamentações relevantes na indústria, explorando as diversas maneiras pelas quais o cinema clandestino contorna as restrições governamentais. Destaca o uso de novas tecnologias e mídias alternativas pelos cineastas independentes como estratégia para publicar seus trabalhos censurados. Durante a pandemia, o diretor Jiang Nengjie difundiu seu documentário Miners, Groom, and Pneumoconiosis (2019) por meio de links privados em serviços de armazenamento em nuvem, o que gerou uma grande repercussão nas redes e lhe proporcionou o apelido de “diretor da nuvem”. A transmissão por meio de aplicativos de videoconferência também criou novas oportunidades para filmes independentes prosperarem na China. O surgimento do cinema clandestino na rede criou um movimento social contínuo, proporcionando aos filmes independentes a chance de prosperar fora das mídias tradicionais

Abstract: This essay examines the interplay between law, technology, and culture in the distribution and consumption of censored films in China. It begins by analyzing the relevant laws and regulations in the industry and explores the various ways that underground cinema circumvents government restrictions. It highlights the independent filmmakers' use of new technologies and alternative media as strategies to publish their censored works. During the pandemic, director Jiang Nengjie shared his documentary Miners, Groom, and Pneumoconiosis (2019) via private links on cloud services, leading to its online virality and earning him the nickname “cloud drive director”. Streaming via video conferencing apps has also created new opportunities for independent films to thrive in China. The emergence of underground cinema online has created an ongoing social movement, providing independent films with the chance to prosper outside of mainstream media

ABSTRACT Purpose: Over-activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) was proven to be involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. However, its regulation mechanism is not clear yet. This paper explored the role of WD repeat domain 5 (WDR5) in the development of late-onset preeclampsia and its relationship with NF-κB. Methods: WDR5 expression was detected in normal placentas and placentas from late-onset preeclampsia patients. CCK-8 and colony formation assays were conducted to appraise the proliferative ability of trophoblast. Migration and invasion were observed by wound healing and transwell assays. The interaction between WDR5 and NF-κB inhibitor I-kappa-B-alpha (IkBa) was verified by Co-immunoprecipitation analysis. Immunofluorescence was used to analyze the activation of NF-κB. Finally, we tested the role of WDR5 using the mice late-onset preeclampsia model. Results: WDR5 was highly expressed in the placentas of late-onset preeclampsia patients. WDR5 overexpression suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in trophoblast. WDR5 could interact with IkBa to activate NF-κB. Knockdown of NF-κB counteracted the anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic effects of WDR5 overexpression in trophoblast. In-vivo studies suggested that targeting WDR5 combated late-onset preeclampsia development. Conclusions: Our finding provides new insights into the role of WDR5 in late-onset preeclampsia development. Purpose Overactivation Over NFκB NF κB (NF-κB However yet WDR (WDR5 lateonset late onset NFκB. κB. Methods patients CCK8 CCK 8 CCK- trophoblast IkappaBalpha I alpha (IkBa Coimmunoprecipitation Co immunoprecipitation analysis Finally model Results proliferation migration antiproliferative anti antimetastatic metastatic Invivo In vivo Conclusions (WDR

Abstract In herbal markets, an overwhelming majority the Dendrobium nobile are sold in dried strips form, and this product type would lead to the incomplete release of the active ingredient. To increase the bioaccessibility of Dendrobium nobile, we obtained powders of different particle sizes by shear-breaking and superfine-grinding to further compare its sensory properties, physical properties, the leaching rate of active ingredients and antioxidant activity in vitro. The results showed that the superfine-grinding changed the sensory properties and physical properties of Dendrobium nobile, with an increase in bulk density, a decrease in swelling capacity and water-holding capacity and an increase in water solubility index. The method also contributed to the release of total polysaccharides, dendrobine, total polyphenols and total flavonoids components, thereby increasing ABTS, DPPH and nitrite ion scavenging activity. In addition, scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy analyses showed that superfine-grinding had no effect on the primary structure of the fractions as with decreasing particle size. This study suggested that superfine-grinding could be a promising method for producing Dendrobium nobile powders with higher contents of bioactive compounds and bioactivity. markets form ingredient shearbreaking shear breaking superfinegrinding superfine grinding vitro density waterholding holding index polysaccharides dendrobine components ABTS addition size bioactivity

Astragaloside IV is a biologically active substance derived from the traditional Chinese medicine Astragalus mambranaceus Bunge, and has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of astragaloside IV on Klebsiella pneumonia rats and the underlying mechanisms. Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) rats were treated with different dosages of astragaloside IV (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) by intragastric administration. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were determined. Pathological changes of lung tissue were inspected by HE staining. The expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 in lung tissue was determined with immunohistochemistry, and the expression levels of TGF-β1, p-Smad2/Smad2, p-Smad3/Smad3, IκBα/p-IκBα, and p65/p-p65 in lung tissue were determined by western blot. The mechanism was further investigated with TGF-β1 inhibitor SB-431542. Astragaloside IV reduced the elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines caused by K. pneumoniae and improved lung tissue damage in a dose-dependent manner. Astragaloside IV also decreased the expression of TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway-related proteins and decreased the protein levels of inflammation-related p-IκBα and p65 in lung tissues induced by K. pneumoniae. Additionally, it was found that the effects of 20 mg/kg astragaloside IV were similar to SB-431542, which could improve pulmonary fibrosis induced by K. pneumoniae, decrease the levels of TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway-related proteins in lung, and reduce inflammation at the same time. Astragaloside IV could alleviate the inflammation of rat pneumonia induced by K. pneumoniae through suppressing the TGF-β1/Smad pathway. Bunge antioxidant antiinflammatory, antiinflammatory anti inflammatory, inflammatory anti-inflammatory antiapoptotic apoptotic properties study mechanisms K (K 5, 5 (5 10 2 mgkg mg kg administration proinflammatory pro IL6, IL6 IL 6, 6 (IL)-6 IL1β, IL1β ILβ 1β, 1β β IL-1β TNFα TNF α BALF (BALF staining TGFβ1 TGFβ TGF β1 (TGF)-β immunohistochemistry TGFβ1, β1, pSmad2/Smad2, pSmad2Smad2 pSmadSmad p Smad2/Smad2, Smad2 Smad p-Smad2/Smad2 pSmad3/Smad3, pSmad3Smad3 Smad3/Smad3, Smad3 p-Smad3/Smad3 IκBα/pIκBα, IκBαpIκBα IκBα/p IκBα, IκBα IκBα/p-IκBα p65/pp65 p65pp65 ppp p65/p p65/p-p6 blot TGF-β SB431542. SB431542 SB 431542. 431542 SB-431542 dosedependent dose dependent manner TGFβ1/Smad TGFβ1Smad TGFβSmad β1/Smad pathwayrelated pathway related inflammationrelated pIκBα p6 Additionally SB431542, 431542, time ( 1 (IL)- pSmad2 pSmad pSmad2/Smad2 pSmad2Smad Smad2Smad2 SmadSmad Smad2/Smad2 p-Smad2/Smad pSmad3 pSmad3/Smad3 pSmad3Smad Smad3Smad3 Smad3/Smad3 p-Smad3/Smad IκBα/pIκBα IκBαp pp65 pp p65/pp6 p65pp6 p65p p65/p-p SB43154 43154 SB-43154 β1Smad βSmad (IL) pSmad2/Smad Smad2Smad Smad2/Smad pSmad3/Smad Smad3Smad Smad3/Smad pp6 p65/pp p65pp SB4315 4315 SB-4315 (IL SB431 431 SB-431 SB43 43 SB-43 SB4 4 SB-4 SB-

Abstract Objective At present, bleomycin has been widely used in the treatment of Lymphatic Malformations (LMs). This study aims to perform a meta-analysis to investigate the effectiveness and influencing factors of bleomycin in the treatment of LMs. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify the relationship between bleomycin and LMs. PubMed, ISI Web of Science and MEDLINE were searched. Results A total of 21 studies (including 428 cases) about bleomycin sclerotherapy for LMs were included in the current meta-analyses. We calculated pooled effective rate and 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) using random effects model to evaluate the relations between bleomycin and LMs. The results suggested that the effective rate of bleomycin was the combined effective rate was 84.0% (95% CI 0.81‒0.87) and ranged from 39% (95% CI 0.22‒0.56) to 94% (95% CI 0.87-1.02). The heterogeneity among the studies was substantial (I2 = 61.7%, p = 0.000). In subgroup analyses, it was observed that among retrospective study and prospective study, the estimated effective rate was 80.0% (95% CI 0.76‒0.84) and 91.0% (95% CI 0.85‒0.97), respectively. In terms of the dosage, the combined effective rates of weight-based group and fixed-dose group were 86% (95% CI 0.83‒0.90) and 74.0% (95% CI 0.66‒0.82), respectively. There was no significant publication bias in Egger's test (p = 0.059, 95% CI −3.81 to 0.082), but Begg's test did (p = 0.023), and the funnel plot is asymmetric. Conclusion Our study suggested that bleomycin was safe and effective in the treatment of LMs and was primarily dose dependent. present . (LMs) metaanalysis meta analysis PubMed searched 2 including 42 cases metaanalyses. metaanalyses analyses. analyses meta-analyses 95 (95 840 84 0 84.0 0.81‒0.87 081087 81 87 39 0.22‒0.56 022056 22 56 94 0.871.02. 087102 0.87 1.02 1 02 0.87-1.02) I2 I (I 617 61 7 61.7% 0.000. 0000 0.000 000 0.000) 800 80 80.0 0.76‒0.84 076084 76 910 91 91.0 0.85‒0.97, 085097 0.85‒0.97 , 85 97 0.85‒0.97) respectively dosage weightbased weight based fixeddose fixed 86 0.83‒0.90 083090 83 90 740 74 74.0 0.66‒0.82, 066082 0.66‒0.82 66 82 0.66‒0.82) Eggers Egger s 0059 059 0.059 381 3 −3.8 0.082, 0082 0.082 082 0.082) Beggs Begg 0.023, 0023 0.023 023 0.023) asymmetric dependent (LMs 4 9 (9 8 84. 0.81‒0.8 08108 0.22‒0.5 02205 5 871 0.871.02 08710 087 0.8 102 1.0 0.87-1.02 6 61.7 0.00 00 80. 0.76‒0.8 07608 91. 08509 0.85‒0.9 0.83‒0.9 08309 74. 06608 0.66‒0.8 005 05 0.05 38 −3. 008 0.08 08 002 0.02 ( 0.81‒0. 0810 0.22‒0. 0220 0.871.0 0871 0. 10 1. 0.87-1.0 61. 0.0 0.76‒0. 0760 0850 0.85‒0. 0.83‒0. 0830 0660 0.66‒0. −3 0.81‒0 081 0.22‒0 022 0.871. 0.87-1. 0.76‒0 076 085 0.85‒0 0.83‒0 083 066 0.66‒0 − 0.81‒ 0.22‒ 0.871 0.87-1 0.76‒ 07 0.85‒ 0.83‒ 06 0.66‒ 0.81 0.22 0.87- 0.76 0.85 0.83 0.66 0.2 0.7 0.6

Abstract Terpenoids are one of the secondary metabolites of plants and are the most widely distributed in nature with a diverse skeleton and significant biological activity, among which sesquiterpenoids are the most abundant. Sesquiterpenoids and triterpenoids are mainly synthesized by the mevalonate pathway, and the processes involve a variety of key enzymes and are regulated by transcription factors. They play important roles in plant growth and development, environmental adaptation, and resistance to pests and diseases. It is important to understand the gene functions of key enzymes to increase the production of sesquiterpenoids and triterpenoids to meet the market demand and to study the mevalonate biosynthesis pathway in depth. In this paper, the progress of gene cloning and transcription factor regulation of sesquiterpenes, triterpenoids and key enzymes of mevalonate synthesis pathway will be briefly reviewed. activity abundant factors development adaptation diseases depth paper sesquiterpenes reviewed

RESUMEN Introducción: El baloncesto es una modalidad deportiva combativa, muy popular entre los estudiantes universitarios. Sin embargo, requiere muchos periodos de carrera, intercalados con pausas de emergencia, enfrentamientos y otras acciones propensas a las lesiones de tobillo. Objetivo: Investigar las causas de las lesiones de la articulación del tobillo en el baloncesto universitario, planteando contramedidas para prevenir estas lesiones deportivas. Métodos: Se seleccionaron como objeto de investigación un total de 413 estudiantes universitarios que participaban regularmente en partidos de baloncesto en 10 colegios y universidades. Las causas de las lesiones de la articulación del tobillo en el proceso de este deporte se investigaron mediante cuestionarios, y las principales causas de las lesiones se analizaron mediante métodos estadísticos. Resultados: Las causas de las lesiones de la articulación del tobillo en el baloncesto universitario incluyen principalmente factores subjetivos y objetivos. Los factores subjetivos incluyen una preparación psicológica inadecuada, un ejercicio de calentamiento inadecuado, una amortiguación inadecuada, un ejercicio excesivo, entre otros enumerados; los factores objetivos contemplan principalmente la lesión local y la lesión accidental. Conclusión: La participación de los estudiantes universitarios en el baloncesto es beneficiosa para mejorar su salud física, requiriendo medidas eficaces para prevenir posibles lesiones de tobillo, tanto las relacionadas con aspectos subjetivos como objetivos. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento. Introducción combativa embargo carrera emergencia Objetivo deportivas Métodos 41 1 universidades cuestionarios estadísticos Resultados inadecuada inadecuado excesivo enumerados accidental Conclusión física II tratamiento 4

RESUMO Introdução: o basquetebol é uma modalidade esportiva combativa, muito popular entre os universitários. No entanto, necessita de muitos períodos de corrida, intercalados por pausas emergenciais, enfrentamentos e outras ações propensas a lesões no tornozelo. Objetivo: Investigar as causas de lesões nas articulações do tornozelo no basquetebol universitário, levantando contramedidas para prevenir essas lesões desportivas. Métodos: O total de 413 estudantes universitários que participam regularmente em jogos de basquetebol em 10 faculdades e universidades foram selecionados como objetos de pesquisa. As causas das lesões nas articulações do tornozelo no processo desse esporte foram investigadas através de questionários, sendo analisadas as principais causas das lesões através de métodos estatísticos. Resultados: as causas das lesões nas articulações do tornozelo dentro do basquetebol universitário incluem principalmente fatores subjetivos e objetivos. Os fatores subjetivos incluem a preparação psicológica inadequada, o exercício de aquecimento inadequado, o amortecimento inadequado, o exercício excessivo, entre outros listados; os fatores objetivos contemplam principalmente a lesão local e a lesão acidental. Conclusão: A participação dos estudantes universitários no basquetebol é benéfica para melhorar a sua saúde física, requerendo medidas eficazes para prevenir possíveis lesões no tornozelo, tanto as relacionadas aos aspectos subjetivos como objetivos. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento. Introdução combativa entanto corrida emergenciais Objetivo desportivas Métodos 41 1 pesquisa questionários estatísticos Resultados inadequada inadequado excessivo listados acidental Conclusão física II tratamento 4

ABSTRACT Introduction: Basketball is a combative sport, very popular among college students. However, it requires many periods of running, interspersed with emergency breaks, tackling, and other actions prone to ankle injuries. Objective: Investigate the causes of ankle joint injuries in college basketball, raising countermeasures to prevent these sports injuries. Methods: 413 college students who regularly participate in basketball games at 10 colleges and universities were selected as research objects. The causes of ankle joint injuries in the process of this sport were investigated through questionnaires, and the main causes of injuries were analyzed using statistical methods. Results: The causes of ankle joint injuries in college basketball include subjective and objective factors. Subjective factors include inadequate psychological preparation, warm-up exercise, cushioning, and excessive exercise, among others listed; objective factors mainly contemplate local injury and accidental injury. Conclusion: The participation of college students in basketball is beneficial to improve their physical health, requiring effective measures to prevent possible ankle injuries, both related to subjective and objective aspects. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes. Introduction However running breaks tackling Objective Methods 41 1 objects questionnaires methods Results preparation warmup warm up exercise cushioning listed Conclusion health aspects II outcomes 4