Abstract This study aimed to assess the traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) in permanent dentition among patients who attended at the outpatient clinic of a Brazilian dental school, during the last 20 years, and to investigate factors associated with the severity of these injuries. Clinical records of patients who attended a specialized center for dental trauma care in Brazil presenting at least one TDI in a permanent tooth, between the years 2000 and 2019, were reviewed. The data recorded were sex, age, affected arch, etiology, number, and type of the teeth affected, and classification and severity of the TDIs. The diagnosis and classification of the TDIs were based on the guidelines of the International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT). The severity of each patient's injuries was defined as mild, moderate, or severe. Descriptive statistics, chi-square and multinomial regression analyses were used to evaluate the results. The significance level was set at 5%. A total of 837 clinical records were included, totaling 2357 teeth. Males were more prevalent than females. The patients' age ranged from 5 to 71 years. The most common traumas were avulsion (n=512) and uncomplicated enamel-dentin fracture (n=488). Univariate analyses showed that there was a statistically significant association between age group (p=0.004), etiology (p=0.000) and number of teeth affected (p=0.000) with severity of dental trauma. In conclusion, TDIs that occurred in Piracicaba and region are epidemiologically similar to those found worldwide, and that more severe injuries are related to age range, etiology and number of teeth affected. (TDIs school 2 tooth 200 2019 reviewed sex arch IADT. IADT . (IADT) patient s mild moderate statistics chisquare chi square results 5% 83 included 235 females 7 n=512 n512 n 512 (n=512 enameldentin enamel dentin n=488. n488 n=488 488 (n=488) p=0.004, p0004 p p=0.004 , 0 004 (p=0.004) p=0.000 p0000 000 (p=0.000 conclusion worldwide range 201 (IADT 8 23 n=51 n51 51 (n=51 n48 n=48 48 (n=488 p000 p=0.00 00 (p=0.004 (p=0.00 n=5 n5 (n=5 n4 n=4 4 (n=48 p00 p=0.0 (p=0.0 n= (n= (n=4 p0 p=0. (p=0. (n p=0 (p=0 p= (p= (p

Resumo Esse estudo objetivou avaliar as injúrias dentárias traumáticas (IDTs) na dentição permanente entre os pacientes que compareceram ao ambulatório de uma faculdade de odontologia brasileira, durante os últimos 20 anos, e investigar fatores associados à severidade dessas lesões. Os registros clínicos dos pacientes que compareceram a um centro especializado de atendimento em traumatismo dentário no Brasil apresentando pelo menos uma IDT em dente permanente, entre os anos de 2000 e 2019, foram revisados. Os dados registrados foram sexo, idade, arco dental afetado, etiologia, número e tipo dos dentes afetados, e classificação e severidade das IDTs. O diagnóstico e a classificação das IDTs foram baseados nas diretrizes da Associação Internacional de Traumatologia Dentária (AITD). A gravidade das lesões de cada paciente foi definida como leve, moderada ou severa. Estatísticas descritivas, teste qui-quadrado e análises de regressão multinomial foram usadas para avaliar os resultados. O nível de significância foi fixado em 5%. Um total de 837 registros clínicos foi incluído, totalizando 2357 dentes. O sexo masculino foi mais prevalente que o feminino. A idade dos pacientes variou de 5 a 71 anos. Os traumas mais comuns foram avulsão (n=512) e fratura não-complicada do esmalte-dentina (n=488). As análises univariadas mostraram que houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre a faixa etária (p=0,004), etiologia (p=0,000) e número de dentes afetados (p=0,000) com a gravidade do traumatismo dentário. Em conclusão, as IDTs que ocorreram em Piracicaba e região são epidemiologicamente semelhantes aos encontrados em todo o mundo, e que lesões mais graves estão relacionadas à faixa etária, etiologia e número de dentes afetados. (IDTs brasileira 2 200 2019 revisados afetado AITD. AITD . (AITD) leve severa descritivas quiquadrado qui quadrado resultados 5% 83 incluído 235 feminino 7 n=512 n512 n 512 (n=512 nãocomplicada não complicada esmaltedentina esmalte dentina n=488. n488 n=488 488 (n=488) p=0,004, p0004 p p=0,004 , 0 004 (p=0,004) p=0,000 p0000 000 (p=0,000 conclusão mundo 201 (AITD 8 23 n=51 n51 51 (n=51 n48 n=48 48 (n=488 p000 p=0,00 00 (p=0,004 (p=0,00 n=5 n5 (n=5 n4 n=4 4 (n=48 p00 p=0,0 (p=0,0 n= (n= (n=4 p0 p=0, (p=0, (n p=0 (p=0 p= (p= (p

The efficiency of insecticides against Sitophilus oryzae (Linnaeus, 1763) (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) and Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius, 1792) (Coleoptera, Bostrichidae) was determined exposing them to treated wheat in laboratory. Each plot, which was composed by 1.2 kg of wheat grain, was treated with 5 ml of the concentration/kg of wheat using a propelling air atomizer. Fifteen days after treatment 50 g samples of the grain were taken, from each plot, placed in plastic jars into which 10 adult insects of each species were released. This was repeated every 30 days until 165 days after treatment. The number of dead insects was counted 15 days after each infestation thus the evaluations were made at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 days after the insecticide application. Esfenvalerate+fenitrothion+pyperonil butoxide (0,375+7,5+3,0 and 0,5+10,0+4,0 g a.i./t), fenitrothion+esfen-valerate (7,5+0,375 and 10,0+0,375 g a.i./t), fenitrothion+synergised deltamethrin (7,5+0,375 g a.i./t) and fenitrothion (7,5 g a.i./t) were effective against Sitophilus oryzae until 180 days after treatment. Esfenvalerate+fenitrothion+pyperonil butoxide (0,5+10,0+4,0 g a.i./t), fenitrothion+esfenvalerate (7,5+0,375 and 10,0+0,375 g a.i./t), fenitrothion+synergised deltamethrin (7,5+0,375 g a.i./t) were effective against R. dominica until 180 days after treatment. Synergised deltamethrin (0,375 g a.i./t) was effective against S. oryzae until 150 days and against R. dominica until 120 days after treatment. Esfenvalerate (0,5 g a.i./t) was ineffective against S. oryzae and effective until 60 days after treatment against R. dominica. Fenitrothion (7,5 g a.i./t) was ineffective against R. dominica. The use of mixtures of organophosphorus plus pyrethroids were more effective against S. oryzae and R. dominica when compared with these insecticides used alone.

Determinou-se em laboratório a eficiência de inseticidas contra Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) e Rhyzopertha dominica (Fab.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) em milho (Zea mays) a granel tratado. Cada tratamento, constituído por 1,2 kg de milho, foi tratado por meio de um pulverizador equipado com bico pneumático usando-se 5 ml de calda/kg de milho. Quinze dias após os tratamentos 200 g de milho, de cada tratamento, foram infestadas com 40 insetos adultos de cada espécie, sendo este procedimento repetido a cada trinta dias até completar 180 dias. A contagem do número de insetos mortos foi realizada 15 dias após cada uma das infestações, desta forma foram feitas avaliações aos 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 e 180 dias após a aplicação dos inseticidas. Após 180 dias esfenvalerate + fenitrothion + butóxido de piperonila, esfenvalerate + fenitrothion e fenitrothion + deltametrina + butóxido de piperonila foram eficientes contra S. oryzae e R. dominica. Fenitrothion foi eficiente contra S. oryzae e deltametrina + butóxido de piperonila contra R. dominica. Esfenvalerate + butóxido de piperonila e esfenvalerate mostraram-se ineficientes contra S. oryzae, o mesmo sendo observado para fenitrothion contra R. dominica. O uso de misturas de organofosforados e piretróides foi mais eficiente contra S. oryzae e R. dominica quando comparado com o uso isolado destes inseticidas.

The efficacy of insecticides was determined in laboratory against Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Rhyzopertha dominica (Fab.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) exposed to treated shelled corn (Zea mays). Each treatment, which was composed by 1.2 kg of shelled corn, was treated with 5 ml of mixture/kg of corn using a propelling air atomizer. Fifteen days after treatment 200 g of the treated shelled corn, from each treatment, were infested with 40 adult insects of each species and this procedure was repeated every 30 days until 180 days after treatment. The number of dead insects was counted 15 days after each infestation, so the evaluations were made at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 days after the insecticide application. After 180 days esfenvalerate + fenitrothion + piperonyl butoxide, esfenvalerate + fenitrothion and fenirothion + deltamethrin + pyperonil butoxide were effective against S. oryzae and R. dominica. Fenitrothion was effective against S. oryzae and deltamethrin + piperonyl butoxide against R. dominica. Esfenvalerate + pyperonil butoxide were ineffective against S. oryzae and the same was observed with fenitrothion against R. dominica. The use of mixtures of organophosphorus plus pyrethroids were more effective against S. oryzae and R. dominica when compared with these insecticides used alone.

Determinou-se a eficiência de inseticidas contra Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) e Rhyzopertha dominica (Fab.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae), em arroz (Oryza sativa) armazenado tratado. Os tratamentos foram feitos usando um pulverizador equipado com bico pneumático, sendo utilizado para todos os tratamentos 5 ml de calda/kg de arroz, exceto na testemunha tratada apenas com água. Para cada tratamento foram usados 1,2 kg de arroz, que foram tratados em sacos plásticos e em seguida acondicionados em sacos de ráfia e armazenados em sala climatizada (25 ± 2ºC). Quinze dias após os tratamentos, 200 g de arroz de cada um dos tratamentos, foram infestados com 40 insetos adultos de cada espécie, sendo este procedimento repetido a cada 30 dias. A contagem do número de insetos mortos foi realizada 15 dias após cada infestação aos 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 e 180 dias após a aplicação dos inseticidas. Após 180 dias da aplicação o Sumigran plus (15 e 20 ml/t) foi eficiente no controle de S. oryzae. No controle de R. dominica, até os 180 dias após a aplicação, foram eficientes: Sumigran plus (15 e 20 ml/t), Sumigran ® + Sumidan ® (15 + 15 e 20 + 20 ml/t), Sumigran ® + K-Obiol ® (15 + 15 ml/t).

The efficacy of insecticides against Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Rhyzopertha dominica (Fab.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) exposed to treated stored rice (Oryza sativa) was tested. The insecticides were applied using a propelling air atomizer (5 ml of mixture/kg of rice); for the control only water was used. For each treatment 1.2 kg of stored rice, were treated in plastic bags and stored in raffia bags in a climatized room (25 ± 2ºC). Fifteen days after treatment, 200 g of the treated rice, from each treatment, were infested with 40 adults of each species. This procedure was repeated every 30 days. The number of dead insects was recorded 15 days after infestations, at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 days after the insecticide application. Sumigran plus (15 and 20 ml/t) was effective against S. oryzae until 180 days after treatment. Sumigran plus (15 and 20 ml/t), Sumigran ® + Sumidan ® (15 + 15 and 20 + 20 ml/t), Sumigran ® + K-Obiol ® (15 + 15 ml/t), were effective against R. dominica up to 180 days after treatment.