ABSTRACT The present research evaluated the seroprevalence of anti-zika virus (anti-ZIKV) antibodies by virus neutralization test (VNT) in 529 bovines from Andradina city, São Paulo state, Brazil. The reading was performed in an inverted optical microscope, considering reagents when the antibodies were capable to neutralize the ZIKV. Of the 529 samples, 53 (10.01%) were reagents. The animals were healthy at the time of collection. The samples were collected in February 2018, a favorable period for the multiplication of the vector and the highest risk of disease transmission. None of the animals showed anti-bovine viral diarrhea virus (anti-BVDV) antibodies, ruling out a possible cross-reaction, reinforcing the possible contact of the bovine with the ZIKV. In the herd, 88 pregnant females were evaluated; of these, 12 cows were reactive, with no history of reproductive problems or fetal malformations. This is the first research on the seroprevalence of ZIKV in cattle in Brazil, and studies should continue to evaluate cattle as a possible host of this arbovirus and its possible consequences for unique health and agribusiness.

Neste trabalho, estimou-se a gerão dos resíduos de construção e demolição por dois métodos de quantificação, um indireto e outro direto, considerando-se a produção advinda dos agentes informais e formais. O método indireto considerou a área construída das edificações (construção) e transformação dos pontos de ligação de água e luz instalados (reforma). O método direto identificou a geração advinda de agentes informais e formais nos pontos de disposição finais em diferentes regiões do município, empregando-se o conceito de balanço de massa. Não é possível quantificar a geração de resíduos de construção e demolição dos agentes informais (reformas) por meio de dados indiretos relacionados Às transformações dos pontos de água no município. Há indícios de que as transformações dos pontos de energia elétrica sejam um indicador indireto mais preciso, podendo evitar a dispendiosa quantificação direta.

In this paper, construction and demolition waste generation was estimated by two quantification methods, one direct and other indirect, regarding informal and formal generators. Construction area and transformation of the points of water and energy were applied for indirect quantification method. For the direct one, volume of dumping areas associated with informal and formal generators in different regions of municipality were quantified and the mass balance was applied. Indirect quantification of informal generators by transformation points of water is not precise. There are evidences that transformation points of energy can be more precise, avoiding costly direct construction and demolition waste quantification method.

RACIONAL: Nas últimas décadas observou-se expressivo aumento na incidência de adenocarcinoma da transição esofagogástrica. Concomitante a este aumento, houve progresso na cirurgia minimamente invasiva. OBJETIVO: Relatar a experiência com a técnica de esofagectomia vídeo-assistida, transhiatal para o tratamento de adenocarcinoma da transição esofagogástrica. MÉTODOS: Indicou-se a técnica em 30 pacientes, com predominância do sexo masculino (73%) e idade média de 55 anos. Após avaliação laparoscópica, 19 pacientes foram operados por técnica vídeo-assistida. RESULTADOS: O tempo cirúrgico variou de 4 a 5 horas. Houve necessidade de colocação de dreno torácico em 12 pacientes (63%). Dois (10,5%) apresentaram fístula na anastomose cervical. Houve um óbito devido à fistula intratorácica da linha de grampos. Excluindo este paciente, o estadio pós-operatóro mostrou três (16,7%) pacientes no estadio I, dois (11%) IIa, três (16,7%) IIb, seis (33,3%) III e quatro (22,2%) no estadio IV. A sobrevida global média foi de 25,5 meses (3 a 105 meses), e quando separada em estádios, foi 53,3 meses até estádio IIa e 15,8 meses em estado IIb ou superior. CONCLUSÃO: A cirurgia minimamente invasiva pode ser alternativa no tratamento do adenocarcinoma da transição esofagogástrica.

BACKGROUND: In the last decades an overwhelming increase in the incidence of esophagogastric transition adenocarcinomas has been observed. Jointly to this increase, there has also been progress in minimal invasive surgery. AIM: To relate the experience with video-assisted esophagectomy, transhiatal for the treatment of esophagogastric transition adenocarcinoma. METHODS: The technique was indicated to 30 patients, predominantly male (73%) with an average age of 55 years. After laparoscopic evaluation, 19 patients were operated on using the video-assisted technique. RESULTS: Surgical time varied between 4 and 5 hours. Toracic drains had to be applied in 12 patients (63%). Two (10,5%) had cervical anastomosis fistulas. One death occurred due to intratoracic fistula in the clamp line. Excluding this patient, post-operative state demonstrated three (16,7%) patients in stage I, two (11%) in stage IIa, three (16,7%) in IIb, six (33,3%) in III and four (22,2%) in stage IV. The overall life span was an average of 25,5 months (three to 105 months), and when categorized into stages, it reached 53,3 months up to stage IIa and 15,8 months in stage IIb or higher. CONCLUSION: Minimal invasive surgery can be an alternative in the treatment of esophagogastric transition adenocarcinoma.

A transmissão da malária no Brasil é heterogênea em todas as áreas endêmicas e a presença de portadores assintomáticos de Plasmodium sp. (PAPs) na Amazônia brasileira já foi demonstrada. A triagem de pacientes maláricos em bancos de sangue é baseada na seleção dos doadores com relação aos riscos possíveis associados com residência, evidência clínica e/ou os métodos diagnósticos não acurados que aumentam a probabilidade da infecção transmitida por transfusão. Avaliamos a freqüência de PAPs em quatro bancos de sangue em áreas distintas da região Amazônica brasileira. O DNA foi obtido a partir de 400 amostras de sangue humano usando o método do fenol-clorofórmio, seguido por um protocolo de nested-PCR com oligonucleotídeos espécie-específicos. A taxa de positividade variou de 1 a 3% de doadores do sangue das quatro áreas, com uma média de 2,3%. Todos os indivíduos positivos tinham infecções mistas entre o Plasmodium vivax e o Plasmodium falciparum. Nenhuma diferença significativa nos resultados foi detectada entre estas áreas; a maioria dos casos originou dos Hemocentros de Porto Velho, do Estado de Rondônia e de Macapá, Estado do Amapá. Embora ainda não esteja claro se os indivíduos PAPs possam agir como reservatórios do parasito, a triagem eficiente de PAPs e de pacientes com malária em bancos de sangue no Brasil das áreas endêmicas necessita ser implementada.

The transmission of malaria in Brazil is heterogeneous throughout endemic areas and the presence of asymptomatic Plasmodium sp. carriers (APCs) in the Brazilian Amazon has already been demonstrated. Malaria screening in blood banks is based on the selection of donors in respect to possible risks associated with travel or residence, clinical evidence and/or inaccurate diagnostic methods thereby increasing the probability of transfusion-transmitted infection. We evaluated the frequency of APCs in four blood services in distinct areas of the Brazilian Amazon region. DNA was obtained from 400 human blood samples for testing using the phenol-chloroform method followed by a nested-PCR protocol with species-specific primers. The positivity rate varied from 1 to 3% of blood donors from the four areas with an average of 2.3%. All positive individuals had mixed infections for Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum. No significant differences in the results were detected among these areas; the majority of cases originated from the transfusion centres of Porto Velho, Rondônia State and Macapá, Amapá State. Although it is still unclear whether APC individuals may act as reservoirs of the parasite, efficient screening of APCs and malaria patients in Brazilian blood services from endemic areas needs to be improved.

The microwave oven became a common domestic equipment, due mainly to the short time spent to heat foods. One of the most interesting characteristics of the microwave oven is the selective heating. Different from the conventional oven, where the heating is not selective, the heating by microwave depends on the chemical nature of the matter. Many Students of Chemistry have no knowledge of the principles involved in this selective heating, in spite of the daily microwave oven use. The heating by microwave is feasible for chemistry courses. In discussions about the microwave absorption by the matter it is possible to explore chemical properties like: heat capacity, chemical bound, molecular structure, dipole moments, polarization and dielectric constant. This paper presents the basic principles involved in the microwave heating. It is proposed a simple and inexpensive experiment that could be developed in general chemistry courses, to illustrate the relationship between heating and the chemical properties of some solvents. Experiments to check the power of the microwave oven are also proposed.