Abstract Gonopterodendron sarmientoi Lorentz ex Griseb AC Godoy-Bürki (Zigophyllaceae) is an endemic species of northwestern Argentina, included in Appendix II of the International Convention on Trafficking in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. This research seeks to determine the cutting cycle based on the age of Gonopterodendron sarmientoi, estimated from the measurement of the growth rings, applying a diameter growth equation according to the site. We worked in 4 sites according to the climatic gradient of precipitation, selecting 35 trees given their limitations and restrictions regarding their extraction contemplated by law 22 344 (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora). The general equation and the one obtained by sites (Las Lomitas, Ingeniero G. Juárez, Las Hacheras, and Rivadavia), were adjusted by regression with linear mixed models. The average thickness obtained was 3.03 mm with an average rotation of 41 years and a transit time of 12 years. Las Lomitas is the site with the highest annual increase with an average thickness of 3.4 mm and the highest harvest age of 81 years; Las Hacheras had an average thickness of 3.08 mm and the lowest harvest age at 41 years; Rivadavia recorded a thickness of 2.68 mm and a harvest age of 59 years; and Ingeniero G. Juárez presented a thickness of 2.19 mm with a harvest age of 52 years. The results of this work reliably determined the cutting shifts and rotation times that will contribute to the sustainable forest management of the species.

Resumen Gonopterodendron sarmientoi Lorentz ex Griseb A. C. Godoy-Bürki (Zigophyllaceae) es una especie endémica del noroeste argentino, incluida en el Apéndice II de la Convención Internacional sobre el Tráfico de Especies Amenazadas de Fauna y Flora Silvestres. Esta investigación busca determinar el ciclo de corta basado en la edad de Gonopterodendron sarmientoi, estimada a partir de la medición de los anillos de crecimiento, aplicando una ecuación de crecimiento de diámetro según el sitio. Se trabajó en 4 sitios según gradiente climático de precipitación, seleccionando 35 árboles considerando sus limitaciones y restricciones en cuanto a su extracción contempladas por la ley 22 344 (Convención sobre el Comercio Internacional de Especies Amenazadas de Fauna y Flora Silvestres). La ecuación general y la obtenida por sitios (Las Lomitas, Ingeniero G. Juárez, Las Hacheras y Rivadavia) se ajustaron por regresión con modelos lineales mixtos. El espesor medio obtenido fue de 3,03 mm con una rotación promedio de 41 años y un tiempo de tránsito de 12 años. Las Lomitas fue la localidad de mayor incremento anual con un espesor promedio de 3.4 mm y presentó la mayor edad de corta de 81 años; Las Hacheras presentó un espesor promedio de 3.08 mm y la menor edad de corta a los 41 años; Rivadavia registró un espesor de 2.68 mm y una edad de corta de 59 años; e Ingeniero G. Juárez presentó espesor de 2.19 mm con una edad de corta 52 años. Los resultados de este trabajo determinaron de forma fehaciente los turnos de corta y tiempos de rotación que contribuirán al manejo forestal sostenible de la especie.

Abstract During a period of 5 years, we monthly monitor the phenology and the stem diameter increment of 12 of Schinus terebinthifolius trees. Dendrometer bands were used for it. This study was aimed to answer the following questions: (i) Are there conflicting demands for resource allocation in different phenophases? (ii) In which period does the stem diameter increment occur? (iii) Which phenophases are more likely related to stem radial growth? The phenological observations were carried out using the Activity Index. In order to identify patterns in phenology and diameter increment over the assessment period (2010-2015), we performed an analysis of seasonal decomposition, followed by Pearson’s correlation analysis. Apparently, there is no conflicting demand for resources, but an optimized distribution of them, regulated mainly by the allocation of nutrients derived from leaf senescence, as well as, temperature rise and photoperiod. Higher diameter growth rates occurred from December to March which coincided with the flowering period.

Resumo Em um remanescente de Floresta Ombrófila Mista Aluvial, foram abatidas 56 árvores adultas de Gymnanthes klotzschiana, árvore típica e representativa desta formação e popularmente conhecida como branquilho, às margens do rio Barigui, em Araucária - PR, o qual teve o curso de seu leito retificado na década de 1960. Considerando-se as técnicas e premissas básicas para estudos dendrocronológicos, os discos foram secos, polidos e os anéis de crescimento identificados e demarcados, para a construção de séries cronológicas e sua correlação com variáveis climáticas/ambientais. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo verificar se: (i) Gymnanthes klotzschiana apresenta características potenciais para estudos dendroecológicos; (ii) a espécie responde a estímulos ambientais e intervenções antrópicas; (iii) a estrutura etária das árvores estudadas é compatível com a ocorrência de distúrbios antrópicos na região. A análise dos resultados reforça a potencialidade da espécie em estudos dendroecológicos, considerando a sincronia dos dados e a sensibilidade às variáveis climáticas. Além disso, a idade máxima constatada das árvores analisadas é próxima ao final do ciclo de extração da madeira utilizada pelas embarcações a vapor nesta região, que preponderaram até meados da década de 1950.

Abstract In a remnant area of Alluvial Ombrophylous Forest, 56 adult trees of Gymnanthes klotzschiana, a typical and representative tree of this formation and popularly known as “branquilhos”, were slaughtered on the banks of the Barigui River, in Araucária, PR state, which the watercourse was rectified in the 1960s. Following the techniques for dendrochronological studies, the discs were dried, polished and the growth rings identified and marked, for the construction of chronological series and their correlation with climatic/environmental variables. This study aims to verify, if (i) Gymnanthes klotzschiana presents potential characteristics for dendroecological studies; (ii) the species responds to environmental stimuli and anthropogenic disturbances (iii) the age structure of the studied trees is compatible with environmental disturbances, documented for the region. The analysis of the results reinforces the potentiality of the species in dendroecological studies, considering the synchrony of the data and the sensitivity to the climatic variables. In addition, the maximum tree age corresponds to the end of the harvest intervention in this region, which prevailed until the middle of 1950s.

Abstract: Management of remnants in Atlantic Forest is an alternative for their conservation, however, information on the growth and ecology of those species is lacking. This study aimed to describe diametric growth of Balfourodendron riedelianum, Cordia trichotoma and Ocotea diospyrifolia based on its growth rings and to verify the relationship between this growth with the environmental characteristics in different altitude levels and forest types. Diametric growth was higher for the largest tree diameters of the three species. Based on the fitted growth model, the age in which mean annual increment in diameter becomes greater than the current annual increment was 55 years for B. riedelianum (DBH = 18.27 cm), 45 years for C. trichotoma (DBH = 26.56 cm) and 44 years for O. diospyrifolia (DBH = 26.05 cm). Environmental conditions and forest types affected diametric growth of these species. B. riedelianum and O. diospyrifolia showed higher diametric growth in plain regions with higher fertility soil and few frosts. C. trichotoma was negatively affected by low water availability in winter at lower altitudes and showed higher diametric growth at higher altitudes, where soil fertility is low but there is well-drainage, high rainfall and high relative humidity during the dry season.

ABSTRACT We examined the climatic response of Cedrela fissilis radial growth based on precipitation, air relative humidity, temperature and monthly thermal amplitude. It was intended to assess how the secondary growth of C. fissilis is influenced by the climatic variables and which one are the best growth predictors in Ombrophilous Mixed Forest, southern Brazil. Wood cores were processed using classical dendrochronology methodology. Principal Components Analysis, Generalized Linear Models and correlation were used to explore the relationship between radial growth and climate. Our results indicated that the best radial growth predictor is the temperature: the seasonal behavior, under well-watered conditions, seems to have a dominant effect on growth responses. Changes in tree growth corresponding to an increase in temperatures suggest a sensitivity of the species to climate changes. These results are important to help understand how the global warming may influence long-lived pioneer tree growth.

RESUMO Este trabalho teve como objetivo usar técnicas dendrocronológicas para recuperar o crescimento diamétrico e a idade média de espécies arbóreas estabelecidas sob um povoamento de Araucaria angustifolia implantado em 1949 na Floresta Nacional de Irati, Paraná. Foram amostradas 30 árvores da espécie regenerante Araucaria angustifolia, 24 da espécie regenerante Cedrela fissilis, 24 da espécie regenerante Clethra scabra, 22 da espécie regenerante Ilex paraguariensis e 18 da espécie regenerante Ocotea puberula. O modelo de Chapman-Richards foi utilizado para descrever as curvas de crescimento em diâmetro por espécie, construindo-se curvas de incremento médio anual (IMA) e incremento corrente anual (ICA). As espécies estudadas apresentaram grande potencial para estudos dendrocronológicos e o uso dessa técnica permitiu determinar que a regeneração natural iniciou-se em 1958 e que tinha, em média, 34 anos. A técnica possibilitou também recompor o crescimento em diâmetro por espécie, gerando taxas de crescimento anuais, com as quais se identificaram os anos característicos de alto e baixo crescimento.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to use dendrocronology techniques to recover the diameter growth and the average age of tree species established under an Araucaria angustifolia stand, planted in 1949 in the Irati National Forest, Paraná state. We obtained samples of 30 regenerating trees of the species Araucaria angustifolia, 24 regenerating trees of the species Cedrela fissilis, 24 regenerating trees of the species Clethra scabra, 22 regenerating trees of the species Ilex paraguariensis and 18 regenerating trees of the species Ocotea puberula. The Chapman-Richards model was used to describe the growth curves in diameter by species and curves of mean annual increment (MAI) and current annual increment (CAI) were constructed. Species showed a great potential for dendrochronological studies and the use of this technique allowed determining that natural regeneration began in 1958 and it had an average of 34 years old. The technique also allowed restore growth by species, generating annual growth rates, which identified the characteristic years of high and low growth.

RESUMO Objetiva-se com este estudo avaliar a periodicidade do incremento em diâmetro do tronco de Sebastiania commersoniana e das espécies arbóreas exóticas invasoras Hovenia dulcis e Ligustrum lucidum em remanescente de Floresta Ombrófila Mista Aluvial em Araucária, Paraná. Foram selecionados indivíduos presentes no dossel e sub-bosque. Cintas dendrométricas foram instaladas em todos os indivíduos selecionados, que foram monitorados mensalmente, de julho de 2009 a junho de 2012. Os incrementos correntes mensais e anuais foram correlacionados com precipitação e temperatura. As espécies exóticas e os indivíduos do dossel apresentaram incremento superior à espécie nativa, que teve pouca variação ao longo do ano, e aos indivíduos de sub-bosque. Correlações significativas do incremento foram obtidas com temperatura e precipitação, mostrando que o crescimento em diâmetro está, em grande parte, relacionado às condições meteorológicas.

ABSTRACT This study aims to evaluate the periodicity of trunk diameter increment of Sebastiania commersoniana and the two invasive exotic tree species, Hovenia dulcis and Ligustrum lucidum, in a remnant area of Alluvial Mixed Rain Forest at Araucaria, Paraná. We selected individuals of the different species present from canopy and understory. Dendrometric bands were installed in all individuals, which were monitored monthly, from July 2009 to June 2012. The monthly and annual current increments were correlated with precipitation and temperature. Exotic species and canopy individuals presented increment higher than native species, which had low variation in the year, and understory individuals. Significant correlations were obtained between the increment diameter and temperature and precipitation, showing diameter growth of the species is mostly conditioned by the meteorological conditions.

Buscou-se avaliar o incremento diamétrico de Blepharocalyx salicifolius (Kunth) O. Berg (Myrtaceae) a partir de cintas dendrométricas fixadas em 11 indivíduos de um remanescente de Floresta Ombrófila Mista Aluvial na Região Metropolitana de Curitiba-PR. Concomitantemente às leituras de incremento, foi avaliado o comportamento fenológico desses indivíduos, durante 24 meses. O incremento diamétrico médio mensal de B. salicifolius variou de 0,36 mm a praticamente nulo nos meses mais frios (de junho a agosto) e até 1,78 mm, durante os meses mais favoráveis (de novembro a março). A taxa média de incremento anual foi de 4,52 mm. O crescimento ainda pouco expressivo nos meses de setembro e outubro pode ser justificado pelo pico de floração e frutificação. A correlação do incremento mensal intraespécie foi alta (r = 0,55), indicando boa sincronia dos dados. A correlação entre o incremento médio, as variáveis meteorológicas e as fenofases apontou que a temperatura média responde por 42% da variação do incremento médio e da frutificação.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the increment in diameter of Blepharocalyx salicifolius (Kunth) O. Berg (Myrtaceae) using dendrometers fixed in eleven trees from a remaining fragment of Alluvial Mixed Ombrophylous Forest in the metropolitan area of Curitiba, state of Paraná. Concomitantly to diametric increase readings, the phenological behavior of trees was evaluated for 24 months. The average monthly increment in diameter of B. salicifolius ranged from 0.36 mm to practically null in the coldest months (June to August) to 1.78 mm during the more favorable months (November to March). The average annual increase was of 4.52 mm. The still inexpressive growth in the months of September and October can be explained by the flowering and fruiting peaks. The correlation of the monthly increase intra-species was high (r = 0.55), indicating good data synchrony. The correlation between the average increase, meteorological variables, and phenophases showed that the average temperature accounts for 42% of the variation in the average growth and fruiting.

RESUMO Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a influência das variáveis meteorológicas no incremento diamétrico das espécies florestais em uma área de Floresta Ombrófila Mista Aluvial, em Araucária-PR. A amostragem consistiu de 20 parcelas de 10 m × 10 m. Para acompanhar a periodicidade e a taxa de crescimento das principais espécies arbóreas, de julho de 2009 a julho de 2010, indivíduos selecionados receberam cintas dendrométricas. Os dados meteorológicos foram obtidos por meio da Estação Meteorológica de Curitiba, fornecidos pelo SIMEPAR. A correlação entre os dados meteorológicos foram realizados por meio de Correlação de Pearson. As espécies apresentaram comportamentos distintos conforme a posição sociológica e o fato de serem nativas ou exóticas. A variável climática que influenciou o incremento diamétrico das espécies foi a temperatura, tendo correlação positiva com Hovenia dulcis e Sebastiania commersoniana para os indivíduos do dossel, e com Ligustrum lucidum, Myrrhinium loranthoides e Sebastiania commersoniana, para os indivíduos do sub-bosque. Aluvial AraucáriaPR. AraucáriaPR Araucária PR. PR Araucária-PR 2 1 arbóreas 200 2010 dendrométricas Curitiba SIMEPAR Pearson exóticas temperatura dossel lucidum subbosque. subbosque sub bosque. bosque sub-bosque 201

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of meteorological variables in the growth of forest trees in an area of Ombrophylous Floodplain Forest belonging to REPAR in Araucaria, State of Parana. The sample comprised 20 plots of 10 m × 10 m plots. In order to follow the timing and rate of growth of the main tree species, from July 2009 to July 2010, the selected individuals received dendrometric bands. The meteorological data were obtained from the meteorological station of Curitiba, provided by SIMEPAR. The meteorological data and the growth of each species were compared using Pearson’s correlation. The species showed different behavior according to sociological position and the fact of being native or exotic. The weather variable that most influenced the growth of the species was temperature, with a positive correlation to Hovenia dulcis and Sebastiania commersoniana, for individuals in the canopy; and to Ligustrum lucidum, Myrrhinium loranthoides and Sebastiania commersoniana, for individuals in the understory. Araucaria Parana 2 1 200 2010 bands Curitiba SIMEPAR Pearsons Pearson s exotic temperature commersoniana canopy lucidum understory 201